EP1108855A1 - Voûte étanche et autoportante pour l'étanchement des tunnels souterrains - Google Patents

Voûte étanche et autoportante pour l'étanchement des tunnels souterrains Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1108855A1
EP1108855A1 EP00126769A EP00126769A EP1108855A1 EP 1108855 A1 EP1108855 A1 EP 1108855A1 EP 00126769 A EP00126769 A EP 00126769A EP 00126769 A EP00126769 A EP 00126769A EP 1108855 A1 EP1108855 A1 EP 1108855A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
arch
sealing arch
vault
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00126769A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1108855B1 (fr
Inventor
Urban Pfammatter
Charly Pfammatter
Josef Pfammatter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valplast AG
Original Assignee
Valplast AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valplast AG filed Critical Valplast AG
Publication of EP1108855A1 publication Critical patent/EP1108855A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1108855B1 publication Critical patent/EP1108855B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
    • E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Procedure for creating tunnels, the application of the process, a tunnel construction and a sealing vault and the use of the sealing vault according to the General terms of the independent claims.
  • Underground tunnels serve in the most cases for transportation purposes and prefer to come there for use where certain transport capacities with above-ground Means not or only in uneconomical Way can be provided. This hits especially when it comes to using road or rail vehicles geographic obstacles, such as e.g. mountains to cross. Because the cost of that Construction of railway and road tunnels significantly and maintenance work often with a loss of use go hand in hand, very high durability requirements of such structures. A key point provides the sealing of the tunnel interior against this background against water emerging from the mountain and possibly the safe drainage of this water.
  • the tunnel vault made of individual Bricks created in the excavated cavity and the outer surface of which is then sealed with a layer of mortar.
  • the one between the rock and the layer of mortar located cavity was filled with a fill Rock debris filled up and served as more reliable Drainage room for draining and pressure relief from the water leaking from the mountain.
  • the rock scree served also to secure the cavity against falling Rock and for transferring rock pressure to the Masonry vault.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention includes the process of creating sealed underground tunnels creating a cavity in an underground environment such as Rock, by explosion, by drilling or with another Outbreak method, and then creating one load-bearing sealing vault made of a water-impermeable and at least partially flexible and essentially dimensionally stable material in this broken space.
  • All underground structures are under a tunnel understood that over a pronounced longitudinal extension feature.
  • underground ending tunnel structures which also others Can serve as transport purposes.
  • As sustainable a vault is to be considered if it is suitable as a vault All-round protection from the outbreak limits dissolving material such as To catch boulders and if necessary, a filling layer of clean rock split, To carry rubble or gravel.
  • At least partially flexible and essentially dimensionally stable material are understood materials and composite materials, which is in a plate-shaped formation Deform force, especially warp, and which in such a training a supporting structure represent who is able to next to their own weight to bear even more external loads.
  • the creation of a tunnel seal in the form of a load-bearing sealing vault made of such a material gives the advantage that both the All-round protection as well as the tunnel sealing created can be what at a significant time and Cost savings when creating a tunnel construction leads.
  • sealing arch is designed in this way, that it's both circumferentially and in the direction the longitudinal extent of the tunnel construction to be created is closed and tight, can even if none Relief of pressure or in the event of constipation existing drainage rooms or pipes no water in the interior of the sealing vault and thus into the interior of tunnel construction (pressurized water Seal).
  • the sealing arch spaced from the boundaries of the underground cavity created by eruption, so that there is a space between the sealing vault and Outbreak limitation results, which with draining Tunnel constructions as a drainage room deriving the from the Escaping rock into the drainage pipes and thus also serves to relieve pressure.
  • This too can Filled with a filler to fill the space Mountain pressure evenly towards the sealing vault to distribute. This is the case with pressurized water seals Particularly desirable, as this increases the risk a later breach of the seal falling or settling rock material can be significantly reduced.
  • this is Sealing vault with additional, essentially selective and / or reinforcements that act in a linear manner, preferably in the interior of the sealing arch attached structures, in particular reinforcement trusses, Reinforcement rings, reinforcement arches and / or Latticework, e.g. Steel mesh mats used that are only an insignificant reduction in size Effect clearance profile. It is also preferred to Reinforcement of tie rods in the area surrounding the rock eruption Fasten the rock and connect it to the sealing arch. It is particularly advantageous to use the tie rods in Interior of the sealing vault arranged reinforcing means to connect in such a way that these together form a Form reinforcement.
  • the tie rods used are included Advantage designed such that the tensile forces receiving element in one with the sealing arch waterproof connected sleeve is arranged so that this does not impair the sealing function results.
  • For pressurized water seals is one Sealing any passing through the sealing arch Tie rods against the vault are mandatory necessary.
  • Such fasteners are commercial available. However, it is also possible for others Fasteners to use and only the Seal the passage of the tie rod through the sealing arch.
  • through Use of reinforcement means the thickness of the sealing arch be reduced or its load capacity certain requirements, such as thick layers of filler material between the sealing vault and the boundary of the Cavity in the rock.
  • the sealing vault is preferably included additional feed means for subsequent Feeding liquid or pasty material into the Area between the sealing vault and the boundary of the Provided cavity, which are designed around the Feeding from the interior of the completed tunnel construction to enable her.
  • These feeders are advantageous formed as a compression fitting, which itself radially through any inner shell of the tunnel extend through. Should it be after a period of time leakage or further hardening outside of the tunnel construction is desirable appear a cement suspension, mortar or one or more other sealing substances feed these feeders and the area between Sealing vault and the boundary of the cavity press and seal.
  • a pressure-resistant filler especially a bed of loose rock material, in particular from rock split or gravel, which in the case of a sealing vault relieved of pressurized water should have good water permeability.
  • This Filling material is preferably introduced prior to possibly creating an inner shell.
  • Reinforcement which is advantageous Spreading or lifting of arranged in the sealing vault Reinforcing agents, e.g. Reinforcement arches or Wire mesh, and / or by tightening between the sealing vault and the boundary of the cavity arranged tie rods.
  • the vault from one to produce at least partially translucent material, because this is a simple visual success check when filling material is brought into the room between the sealing vault and the cavity boundary.
  • the sealing arch is advantageously made of an at least partially flexible and essentially dimensionally stable plate material created, i.e. out at least one material plate.
  • At least under one partly flexible and essentially dimensionally stable Panel material becomes material panels and composite panels understood which are only under Deform force, especially warp, and which are a support structure capable of is, besides its own weight, more from the outside to bear attacking loads.
  • the plate thickness will preferably chosen such that a good one Load capacity ensured even with larger vaults and the possibility of mechanical destruction the seal both during assembly and through later action due to pressure forces, subsidence and rockfall is low.
  • the plate thickness for reasons of risk of injury by mechanical action preferably thicker than 4 mm, more preferably thicker than 8 mm.
  • the Sealing vault made of a plastic sheet material created, which makes it possible to get cheap and maintenance free Sealing vault with a low weight and to maintain a long service life.
  • thermoplastic plastic sheet materials as through this in a simple and reliable manner Welding out with each other and / or with other elements a similar thermoplastic material leave and in this way tight connections achieved become.
  • several plastic plates are used to form the sealing vault welded together.
  • several plastic plates are used to form the sealing vault several plastic plates on their in the direction of extension of tunnel construction oriented and contiguous Boundary edges welded to sealing arch arches and that in the direction of the tunnel construction sealing arch arches arranged one behind the other on their opposite boundary edges through plug connections connected with each other.
  • These connectors can be formed by profiles in which the Boundary edges of the plastic sheets forming the vaulted arches be plugged in.
  • the profiles can also Sealing and fastening elements such as Sealing lips, Have clamping edges, gears, etc.
  • the profiles after insertion with the plastic plates to weld or at or after Insert to glue which is particularly the case with the Creation of sealing vaults containing pressurized water required is.
  • the advantage of plates is that the size of the plates processing plates regardless of the vault size is selectable and the transport options and the Space on the tunnel construction site adjusted can be.
  • the use of plug-in profiles makes it easier the alignment of the vaulted arches to each other and also enables a density against seepage water Connection of the vaulted arches even with irregular ones Boundary edges and with uneven distances between the boundary edges of the to be connected Vaulted arches, what for pressure-relieved seals is sufficient.
  • a Plate material used to form the sealing vault that on its the boundary of the underground cavity facing side spacer.
  • This are advantageous as spacers or spacers formed, preferably from the same material as the plate material and preferably in one piece with this trained.
  • the use of such sheet materials with spacers ensures that at relative uniform cavity boundaries, such as those when excavating certain rocks with tunnel boring machines arise, a minimum distance in all areas between the sealing vault and the boundary of the underground cavity as a filling space and / or drainage space preserved.
  • the sealing arch by extrusion of the forming Material created in the underground cavity is the sealing arch by extrusion of the forming Material created in the underground cavity.
  • the exit of the extrusion nozzle essentially points the profile of the sealing arch across it greatest extension.
  • a suitable Method e.g. Welding or glue to join.
  • Fig. La The basic principle of the invention is in Fig. La shown.
  • a first step an underground one Cavity 1 created.
  • the example shown shows a generated by blast eruption in rock 2 Cavity 1, in which the limits 3 due to Outbreak method are very irregular. However, it is also provided the cavity 1 by drilling or with to create other breakout methods, creating voids arise with much more regular limits 3. Even if in the description of rock outlined here 2 is mentioned, the cavity 1 can also in all other environments that the Formation of an at least temporarily self-supporting Allow cavity 1. After such one Cavity 1 is generated and the bottom 4 of the cavity 1 prepared to enable further work vaulted arches 5 by welding plastic plates together 6a, 6b, 6c on their in the direction of extension of the tunnel construction oriented and adjacent boundary edges created in cavity 1.
  • the weld seams 7 result in a stable and watertight connection between the plates 6a, 6b, 6c.
  • the connection of the in the direction of extension of the tunnel construction arranged one behind the other Arches 5 among themselves can also be welded or also by gluing, by clamp connections and / or by plug connections become.
  • drainage lines 8 and / or discharge channels for the controlled discharge of the emerged from rock 2 and from the sealing vault 5 derived water can be arranged.
  • Fig. 1 b shows the structure of the tunnel sole of the Tunnel construction from Fig. La in the event that the tunnel construction a pressurized water tunnel with a pressurized water Sealing arch 5 is.
  • the pressurized water stretches Sealing arch 5 also over the area of the tunnel sole and encloses the tunnel interior with the one inside located tunnel floor 4 completely and tightly, so that penetration of water into the tunnel interior also impaired water drainage and the resulting rising water level and / or pressure build-up prevented becomes.
  • the sealing arch 5 it may be entirely desirable to drain lines outside the vault 8 waive the cost of installation and maintenance save to prevent the mountains from leaching and / or not existing hydrological conditions to affect.
  • Fig. 2 The connection of two in a row arranged sealing arch arches 5 of a pressure water-relieved Sealing vault by means of a plug-in profile is in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the Boundary edges of the vaulted arches 5 Plastic plates 6 in the opposite grooves a profile 9 inserted, whereby the boundary edges aligned with each other and with each other be connected in such a way that it flows from the outside Leachate is derived and not in the Vaulted arches formed can reach interior.
  • the profile bar 9 by non-positive and / or positive fastening elements such as. Clamping edges and / or toothing too complete. It is also conceivable for additional sealing elements such as. Supplement sealing lips.
  • Plastic plates 6 have at their Limitation 3 of the cavity 1 facing side spacer webs 10, which are made of the same material as that Plates 6 are made and in one piece with them are trained.
  • radially extending webs 10 are also selective Supports such as fixed or attachable trestles, from the same or a different material, conceivable. In this way it can be ensured that between the sealing arch 5 and the boundary 3 of the cavity 1 everywhere given by the spacers Minimum distance as drainage or, if applicable, as Injection cavity is present.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sealing arch 5 with one in it Reinforcement arch 11 arranged in the interior essentially along a circumferential line on the inside of the vault 5 is present and this reinforces it.
  • This here Reinforcement arch 11 shown is made of a metal profile material manufactured, but it can also be used as Truss arch should be formed. It is also conceivable that Reinforcement means both in one piece and in several pieces to train.
  • the sealing arch 5 shows a sealing arch 5, which has tie rods 13 as reinforcing means fixed in rock 2 and connected to the vault 5 are.
  • the tie rods 13 used are e.g. for commercially available fasteners, which consists of a plastic sleeve with a Sealing flange and one arranged in its center Threaded rod with an abutment element, e.g. one Mother, exist.
  • the fastener is replaced by a Hole in the sealing arch 5 into a borehole in Rock 2 introduced and in this by gluing, Concreting or spreading attached.
  • the sealing flange of the Sleeve is on the inside of the vault 5 for Sealing connected to the arch 5, e.g. by gluing or welding.
  • Threaded rod with its against the inner surface of the sealing arch 5 attacking abutment element serves as a selective reinforcing element and also allows a certain radial positioning of the Arch 5 in the cavity 1. It is also on this Possible with the sealing arch shown, a introduced between the sealing arch 5 and the cavity boundary 3 Filling layer by tightening the abutment element to be pressed in the direction of the cavity boundary 3.
  • FIG. 2 points the sealing vault arranged both in its interior Wire mesh 16 made of steel wire and tie rod 13, which are connected here in such a way that they a coherent reinforcement for the sealing vault form. Again, here is the limit 3 of the Cavity pressed filling layer 14 recognizable. This kind the reinforcement is suitable for pressurized water like Sealing vaults relieved of pressure water equally.
  • Fig. 5 shows the pressure water relieved Sealing arch 5 from FIG. 4 with a filling layer Rock split 14 between the sealing arch 5 and the cavity boundary 3 in rock 2.
  • the 5 also shows a tunnel construction in the Sealing vault 5 arranged inner shell 15 made of concrete. The outer surface of the inner shell 15 directly abuts that Sealing vault 5, which when created as external formwork and all-round security served. In the The situation shown here takes over the inner shell 15 after hardening of the concrete forming this under the supporting functions of the sealing arch 5.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section through the wall a corresponding tunnel construction with a pressurized water Arch 5 made of plastic plates 6, one Inner shell 15 made of concrete and a filling made of grit 14 between sealing arch 5 and cavity boundary 3.
  • the Chipping filling 14 was retrofitted with a cement suspension 17, which from inside the tunnel through a or more arranged on the sealing arch 5 and through the concrete inner jacket 15 extending through Injection connector 18 in the area between sealing arch 5 and breakout limitation 3 was inserted, pressed, to close any leaks and / or the To increase the load capacity of the tunnel in this section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
EP00126769A 1999-12-16 2000-12-06 Voûte étanche et autoportante pour l'étanchement des tunnels souterrains Expired - Lifetime EP1108855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH230999 1999-12-16
CH230999 1999-12-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1108855A1 true EP1108855A1 (fr) 2001-06-20
EP1108855B1 EP1108855B1 (fr) 2005-07-06

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EP00126769A Expired - Lifetime EP1108855B1 (fr) 1999-12-16 2000-12-06 Voûte étanche et autoportante pour l'étanchement des tunnels souterrains

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EP (1) EP1108855B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE299228T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50010662D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2244388T3 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1514998A1 (fr) 2003-09-15 2005-03-16 Valplast AG Construction de drainage de tunnels
CN102808628A (zh) * 2012-08-18 2012-12-05 山东新阳能源有限公司 大断面巷道过导水断层的施工方法
WO2016170421A2 (fr) 2015-04-09 2016-10-27 Solexperts Ag. Corps solide, en particulier élément destiné à une application dans la technologie de la construction, ainsi que procédé de production de corps de ce type
CN112855072A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-05-28 河南理工大学 利用浆液及微生物矿化多级封堵围岩裂隙水的装置及方法
CN114687767A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-01 中铁十六局集团有限公司 一种防拱部隧道开裂的施工方法
CN114961797A (zh) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-30 中交隧道工程局有限公司 盾构隧道径向张拉法止水密封施工工艺

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1940050A1 (de) * 1968-08-14 1970-02-19 Alusuisse Verfahren zum Auskleiden von Tunnels u.dgl.
DE2432649A1 (de) * 1974-07-08 1976-01-22 Schlegel Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nachtraeglichen bekleiden einer wand mit einer folie
AT351073B (de) * 1977-10-17 1979-07-10 Kunz Hans Jun Tunnelauskleidung
DE3223330A1 (de) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-29 Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck Grubenstrecken- bzw. tunnelstrecken-auskleidung zur abfuehrung von vorzugsweise gebirgswasser
US4940360A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-07-10 Weholt Raymond L Insulated tunnel liner and rehabilitation system
WO1991013239A1 (fr) * 1990-02-23 1991-09-05 Bergsäker Konsult Ab Revetement des parois de roche de tunnels et analogues, et procede de revetement
DE4225883A1 (de) * 1991-08-06 1993-02-11 Isola As Schutzhaut, insbesondere fuer gewoelbebauwerke
US5470178A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-11-28 Weholt; Raymond L. Insulating tunnel liner system
EP0725185A1 (fr) * 1996-01-08 1996-08-07 Roland F. Wolfseher Revêtement d'un tunnel et procédé pour sa fabrication
GB2325946A (en) * 1996-04-11 1998-12-09 Oersta Staalindustri Sealing tunnel linings

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1940050A1 (de) * 1968-08-14 1970-02-19 Alusuisse Verfahren zum Auskleiden von Tunnels u.dgl.
DE2432649A1 (de) * 1974-07-08 1976-01-22 Schlegel Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nachtraeglichen bekleiden einer wand mit einer folie
AT351073B (de) * 1977-10-17 1979-07-10 Kunz Hans Jun Tunnelauskleidung
DE3223330A1 (de) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-29 Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck Grubenstrecken- bzw. tunnelstrecken-auskleidung zur abfuehrung von vorzugsweise gebirgswasser
US4940360A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-07-10 Weholt Raymond L Insulated tunnel liner and rehabilitation system
WO1991013239A1 (fr) * 1990-02-23 1991-09-05 Bergsäker Konsult Ab Revetement des parois de roche de tunnels et analogues, et procede de revetement
DE4225883A1 (de) * 1991-08-06 1993-02-11 Isola As Schutzhaut, insbesondere fuer gewoelbebauwerke
US5470178A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-11-28 Weholt; Raymond L. Insulating tunnel liner system
EP0725185A1 (fr) * 1996-01-08 1996-08-07 Roland F. Wolfseher Revêtement d'un tunnel et procédé pour sa fabrication
GB2325946A (en) * 1996-04-11 1998-12-09 Oersta Staalindustri Sealing tunnel linings

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1514998A1 (fr) 2003-09-15 2005-03-16 Valplast AG Construction de drainage de tunnels
CN102808628A (zh) * 2012-08-18 2012-12-05 山东新阳能源有限公司 大断面巷道过导水断层的施工方法
CN102808628B (zh) * 2012-08-18 2014-09-24 山东新阳能源有限公司 大断面巷道过导水断层的施工方法
WO2016170421A2 (fr) 2015-04-09 2016-10-27 Solexperts Ag. Corps solide, en particulier élément destiné à une application dans la technologie de la construction, ainsi que procédé de production de corps de ce type
CN112855072A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-05-28 河南理工大学 利用浆液及微生物矿化多级封堵围岩裂隙水的装置及方法
CN112855072B (zh) * 2021-02-04 2022-10-28 河南理工大学 利用浆液及微生物矿化多级封堵围岩裂隙水的装置及方法
CN114687767A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-01 中铁十六局集团有限公司 一种防拱部隧道开裂的施工方法
CN114961797A (zh) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-30 中交隧道工程局有限公司 盾构隧道径向张拉法止水密封施工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE299228T1 (de) 2005-07-15
ES2244388T3 (es) 2005-12-16
DE50010662D1 (de) 2005-08-11
EP1108855B1 (fr) 2005-07-06

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