EP1109088A1 - Régulateur de tension à transistor ballast et à limiteur de courant - Google Patents
Régulateur de tension à transistor ballast et à limiteur de courant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1109088A1 EP1109088A1 EP00403489A EP00403489A EP1109088A1 EP 1109088 A1 EP1109088 A1 EP 1109088A1 EP 00403489 A EP00403489 A EP 00403489A EP 00403489 A EP00403489 A EP 00403489A EP 1109088 A1 EP1109088 A1 EP 1109088A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- transistor
- output
- ballast
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940124913 IPOL Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
- G05F1/573—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overcurrent detector
- G05F1/5735—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overcurrent detector with foldback current limiting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
- Y10S323/908—Inrush current limiters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a voltage regulator with ballast transistor and current limiter. It applies in particular to integrated regulators and in particular those designed according to HCMOS technology.
- a transistor voltage regulator ballast includes a transistor (called passage or ballast) arranged in series between the inlet and the outlet of the regulator.
- a transistor called passage or ballast
- Such a regulator operates in using for example a voltage reference to potential barrier.
- the output voltage is regulated by feedback.
- Such a voltage regulator is well known in the prior art, especially for build integrated regulators.
- a short circuit occurs between the regulator output terminals, the input voltage of the regulator is found at the terminals of the ballast transistor which can be destroyed due to the excessive current crossing it.
- a current limiting circuit including a low value resistor (e.g. 1 ⁇ ) in series with the ballast transistor.
- HCMOS technology was developed for increase the integration density of circuits integrated.
- An integrated regulator made using the same technology must provide a regulated voltage of 3.3 V for an input voltage of 5 V.
- the ballast transistor supports between its terminals a maximum voltage of 5 V. In the event of a short circuit in output of the regulator, the ballast transistor must be able to be protected very quickly and particularly effective.
- the present invention has been designed for provide rapid and effective protection ballast transistor of such a power supply.
- the reaction circuits of the parties voltage regulator and current limiter can each include a resistor voltage divider.
- the regulator can include a differential amplifier including one input of a determined sign receives said voltage from reference, a first entry of sign opposite to the determined sign input receiving said voltage of reaction corresponding to the regulatory part of voltage, the output voltage of the amplifier differential controlling the ballast transistor, the reaction voltage corresponding to the limiter part of current being supplied to a second sign input opposite to the specified sign input of the amplifier differential including a fraction of the output voltage is taken to supply a control voltage to the control means of the current limiting transistor.
- the control means may include a comparator one of whose inputs receives a reference voltage, a second input receiving said control voltage, the comparator output controlling the transistor arranged in series of the part current limiter. The output voltage fraction can be taken by a transistor dimensioned in consequence compared to the ballast transistor.
- This regulator can be realized according to the HCMOS technology.
- Figure 1 is an electrical diagram of a voltage regulator with current limiter according to the invention.
- This regulator is intended to regulate a input voltage Ve, which can vary between 4 V and 5.5 V, and to supply an output voltage Vs of 3.3 V to a load RL. It uses transistors produced according to the HCMOS 6 technology supporting a limit voltage of 3.6 V.
- the regulator circuit includes a part forming a voltage regulator comprising the T1 ballast transistor and a differential amplifier A.
- the ballast transistor T1 is a PMOS transistor whose the source is connected to the substrate. Leaving the part forming voltage regulator delivers a voltage VS1 to a voltage divider bridge formed by resistors R1 and R2. The common point between resistors R1 and R2 is connected to an input not reversing of the differential amplifier A of which the inverting input is connected to the voltage of reference Vref.
- the differential amplifier A is supplied between the input voltage Ve and the circuit earth. he includes two parallel branches connected to a current generator Ipol which polarizes the amplifier.
- a first branch includes T2 and T3 transistors arranged in series.
- a second branch includes a transistor T4 arranged in series with transistors T5 and T6 arranged in parallel.
- the transistors T2 and T4 are PMOS transistors forming a current mirror, their grid being connected and each having its source connected to substrate.
- the transistors T3, T5 and T6 are NMOS transistors with common substrate and whose sources are connected to the Ipol current generator. Grid of transistor T3 constitutes the inverting input of differential amplifier A while the gates transistors T5 and T6 constitute two inputs not inverters for this differential amplifier. The common point between resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the gate of transistor T6.
- the current limiter part includes a transistor T7 connected in series between the transistor ballast and regulator output.
- This transistor T7 is a PMOS transistor whose source is connected to the substrate.
- the drain of transistor T1 is therefore located connected to the source of transistor T7.
- the drain of transistor T7 constitutes the regulator output.
- a voltage divider bridge formed resistors R3 and R4 is connected between the output regulator and ground.
- the common point between resistors R3 and R4 is connected to the other input no inverter of the differential amplifier A, that is to say to the gate of transistor T5.
- the output of a comparator C is connected to the gate of the transistor T7.
- the minus input of this comparator is connected to the voltage Vref while its plus input is connected to the point Ll.
- the point L1 is common to the drain of the transistor PMOS T8 and Ilim power source.
- the source of transistor T8, which is connected to the substrate, is also connected to the input voltage Ve.
- the exit of the differential amplifier A is connected to the grids of transistors T1 and T8.
- the output of comparator C is at zero volts.
- the transistor T7 is conductor and works in a linear zone.
- the difference VS1 - Vs must be less than 200 mV so that the voltage regulation is carried out by the resistive bridge R3 - R4.
- the voltage at point L1 becomes greater than Vref and the voltage VC at the output of comparator C becomes equal to VS1.
- the transistor T7 is then regulated according to the load RL so as to regulate the current so that the voltage at point L1 becomes equal to Vref.
- the voltage Vs drops from 3.3 V to zero according to the limitation characteristic.
- the voltage regulation VS1 is then carried out by the ratio R1, R2 because the voltage VS falls below 3.3 V.
- the invention therefore allows regulation on the load in normal mode and, in the limitation mode of current regulation on voltage VS1.
- the differential transistors T5 and T6 perform the switching continuously between the two modes.
- FIG. 2 represents a diagram of which the ordinate axis represents the voltage in volts and the x-axis time in milliseconds.
- the diagram shows the effectiveness of regulator according to the invention. We see that when the VS voltage drops suddenly, the VC voltage at the output of comparator C suddenly shows. The return to normal situation happens just as quickly.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- une partie régulatrice de tension constituée d'un circuit amplificateur et d'un circuit de réaction, le circuit amplificateur comprenant un transistor ballast, le circuit de réaction fournissant une tension de réaction, représentative de la tension régulée par le transistor ballast, au circuit amplificateur qui fonctionne par comparaison avec une tension de référence,
- une partie limiteur de courant comprenant un transistor disposé en série entre le transistor ballast et la sortie du régulateur, un circuit de réaction fournissant une tension de réaction représentative de la tension de sortie à des moyens de commande du transistor limiteur de courant, les moyens de commande faisant fonctionner le transistor limiteur de courant entre un régime de saturation et un régime de blocage selon que la tension de réaction représentative de la sortie est au-dessus ou au-dessous d'une tension de seuil prédéterminée.
- la figure 1 est un schéma électrique d'un régulateur de tension à transistor ballast et à limiteur de courant selon la présente invention,
- la figure 2 est un diagramme expliquant le fonctionnement du régulateur selon l'invention.
Claims (7)
- Régulateur de tension à limiteur de courant destiné à réguler une tension d'entrée (Ve) et à délivrer une tension de sortie (Vs), comprenant :une partie régulatrice de tension constituée d'un circuit amplificateur et d'un circuit de réaction, le circuit amplificateur comprenant un transistor ballast (T1), le circuit de réaction fournissant une tension de réaction, représentative de la tension régulée par le transistor ballast (T1), au circuit amplificateur qui fonctionne par comparaison avec une tension de référence (Vref),une partie limiteur de courant comprenant un transistor (T7) disposé en série entre le transistor ballast (T1) et la sortie du régulateur, un circuit de réaction fournissant une tension de réaction représentative de la tension de sortie à des moyens de commande du transistor limiteur de courant (T7), les moyens de commande faisant fonctionner le transistor limiteur de courant (T7) entre un régime de saturation et un régime de blocage selon que la tension de réaction représentative de la sortie est au-dessus ou au-dessous d'une tension de seuil prédéterminée.
- Régulateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de réaction de la partie régulatrice de tension comprend un diviseur de tension à résistances (R1, R2).
- Régulateur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de réaction de la partie limiteur de courant comprend un diviseur de tension à résistances (R3, R4).
- Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un amplificateur différentiel (A) dont une entrée d'un signe déterminé reçoit ladite tension de référence, une première entrée de signe opposé à l'entrée de signe déterminé recevant ladite tension de réaction correspondant à la partie régulatrice de tension, la tension de sortie de l'amplificateur différentiel (A) commandant le transistor ballast (T1), la tension de réaction correspondant à la partie limiteur de courant étant fournie à une deuxième entrée de signe opposé à l'entrée de signe déterminé de l'amplificateur différentiel (A) dont une fraction de la tension de sortie est prélevée pour fournir une tension de commande aux moyens de commande du transistor limiteur de courant (T7).
- Régulateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande comprennent un comparateur (C) dont l'une des entrées reçoit une tension de référence (Vref), une deuxième entrée recevant ladite tension de commande, la sortie du comparateur (C) commandant le transistor (T7) disposé en série de la partie limiteur de courant.
- Régulateur selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite fraction de tension de sortie est prélevée par un transistor (T8) dimensionné en conséquence par rapport au transistor ballast (T1).
- Régulateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé selon la technologie HCMOS.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9915668A FR2802315B1 (fr) | 1999-12-13 | 1999-12-13 | Regulateur de tension a transistor ballast et a limiteur de courant |
| FR9915668 | 1999-12-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1109088A1 true EP1109088A1 (fr) | 2001-06-20 |
Family
ID=9553164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00403489A Withdrawn EP1109088A1 (fr) | 1999-12-13 | 2000-12-12 | Régulateur de tension à transistor ballast et à limiteur de courant |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6346799B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1109088A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2802315B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1857906A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-21 | St Microelectronics S.A. | Régulateur de tension linéaire et procédé de limitation de courant dans un tel régulateur |
| CN109144157A (zh) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-04 | 硅实验室公司 | 具有反馈路径的电压调节器 |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100395678C (zh) * | 2004-12-28 | 2008-06-18 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | 带有改进电源范围的低功率快响应稳压器的器件与方法 |
| US8045353B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2011-10-25 | Stmicroelectronics Pvt. Ltd. | Integrated circuit capable of operating at different supply voltages |
| US20080030177A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-07 | Hung-I Chen | Soft-start circuit of linear voltage regulator and method thereof |
| US8754620B2 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2014-06-17 | Stmicroelectronics International N.V. | Voltage regulator |
| US9041367B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-05-26 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Voltage regulator with current limiter |
| US11378993B2 (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2022-07-05 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Voltage regulator circuit with current limiter stage |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4816740A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-03-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Mode optimized D.C. power supply |
| US5355077A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1994-10-11 | Dell U.S.A., L.P. | High efficiency regulator with shoot-through current limiting |
| US5408173A (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1995-04-18 | Kronos Incorporated | Manual-adjustment-free controlled-voltage and current-limited D.C. voltage supply |
| US5861737A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-01-19 | Data General Corporation | Soft-start switch with voltage regulation and current limiting |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1245421B (it) * | 1991-02-27 | 1994-09-20 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Regolatore di tensione a bassa caduta |
| US5336986A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-08-09 | Crosspoint Solutions, Inc. | Voltage regulator for field programmable gate arrays |
| US5548205A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1996-08-20 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Method and circuit for control of saturation current in voltage regulators |
| US5559424A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-09-24 | Siliconix Incorporated | Voltage regulator having improved stability |
| EP0864956A3 (fr) * | 1997-03-12 | 1999-03-31 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Régulateur de tension à chute faible |
| DE69732699D1 (de) * | 1997-08-29 | 2005-04-14 | St Microelectronics Srl | Linearer Spannungsregler mit geringem Verbrauch und hoher Versorgungsspannungsunterdrückung |
| JP3456904B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-16 | 2003-10-14 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 突入電流抑制手段を備えた電源回路、およびこの電源回路を備えた集積回路 |
-
1999
- 1999-12-13 FR FR9915668A patent/FR2802315B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-12-11 US US09/735,392 patent/US6346799B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-12 EP EP00403489A patent/EP1109088A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4816740A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-03-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Mode optimized D.C. power supply |
| US5355077A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1994-10-11 | Dell U.S.A., L.P. | High efficiency regulator with shoot-through current limiting |
| US5408173A (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1995-04-18 | Kronos Incorporated | Manual-adjustment-free controlled-voltage and current-limited D.C. voltage supply |
| US5861737A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-01-19 | Data General Corporation | Soft-start switch with voltage regulation and current limiting |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1857906A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-21 | St Microelectronics S.A. | Régulateur de tension linéaire et procédé de limitation de courant dans un tel régulateur |
| CN109144157A (zh) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-04 | 硅实验室公司 | 具有反馈路径的电压调节器 |
| CN109144157B (zh) * | 2017-06-19 | 2021-02-09 | 硅实验室公司 | 具有反馈路径的电压调节器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2802315A1 (fr) | 2001-06-15 |
| US20010005129A1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
| US6346799B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 |
| FR2802315B1 (fr) | 2002-03-01 |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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