EP1112603A1 - Abstimmbarer hohlraumresonator - Google Patents
Abstimmbarer hohlraumresonatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP1112603A1 EP1112603A1 EP99944392A EP99944392A EP1112603A1 EP 1112603 A1 EP1112603 A1 EP 1112603A1 EP 99944392 A EP99944392 A EP 99944392A EP 99944392 A EP99944392 A EP 99944392A EP 1112603 A1 EP1112603 A1 EP 1112603A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity resonator
- tunable
- tuning
- actuator
- resonator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/06—Cavity resonators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tunable cavity resonator according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a tunable microwave oscillator which uses such a cavity resonator.
- Tunable cavity resonators are used, among other things, in microwave oscillators, which are used to generate carrier signals in microwave communication.
- Such oscillators essentially consist of a microwave amplifier which is operated in feedback and a high-quality cavity resonator which is located in the feedback branch of the oscillator and which filters phase noise generated in the amplifier.
- a microwave oscillator uses a mechanical or electrical phase shifter to set the phase condition in the feedback branch and a high-frequency coupler to couple out the useful signal (carrier signal).
- the oscillator frequency is set in two stages: For the rough setting, the resonance frequency of the tunable cavity resonator is first changed in a suitable manner.
- the phase shifter is then shifted in a targeted manner by means of the phase shifter by adjusting the phase in the feedback branch of the oscillator within the resonance width of the tuned cavity resonator.
- a difficulty with such a two-stage tuning of an oscillator results from the fact that the maximum frequency swing achievable by the phase adjustment is relatively small and, for example, is only about 100 kHz for resonator qualities above 10 "(ie Q> 10 4 ).
- the microwave oscillator can be fully tuned can only be achieved if the minimum frequency change that can be achieved in the resonance frequency tuning (ie the tuning of the cavity resonator)
- ⁇ R (min) is smaller than the mentioned maximum frequency swing with variation of the phase in the feedback branch of the oscillator.
- cavity resonators with an extremely high tuning accuracy are required.
- DE 1 687 622 discloses a device for adjusting the distance between a fixed and a movable wall part of a cavity resonator, a lever being rotatably arranged on the fixed wall part, said lever being in engagement with the movable wall part via a bearing.
- the lever is adjusted via a conically tapering section. This moves the wall of the cavity resonator to detune the frequency of the resonator.
- the linear stroke, which of the levers passes through at its free end is translated into a reduced linear stroke on the wall of the resonator.
- the invention has for its object to provide a cavity resonator that has a high setting accuracy with respect to its resonance frequency.
- a cavity resonator is to be provided which has a high quality and nevertheless enables complete tunability when used in a microwave oscillator.
- the invention further aims to provide a fully tunable microwave oscillator with a high quality cavity resonator.
- the translation mechanism ensures that when the actuating device is actuated, it is not the linear stroke generated by the actuating device, but rather a reduced linear stroke compared to this, that adjusts the tuning disk.
- the result of this is that the minimum stroke change that can be achieved with the adjusting device is transformed into an even smaller minimum stroke change that acts on the tuning disk.
- the setting accuracy of the tuning disk is increased by the predetermined ratio of the transmission mechanism compared to the setting accuracy of the adjusting device.
- the predetermined ratio ie the gear ratio
- the use of two spring elements pressing against each other has the advantage that the translation mechanism works continuously and to a large extent free of movement play.
- a particularly preferred embodiment variant is characterized in that the first spring element is formed from at least one plate spring and the second spring element is realized by a plate spring which is fixed on the circumference and is acted upon centrally by the plate spring.
- a spring mechanism can be designed to be sufficiently rigid to be insensitive to external shocks or vibrations. Suitable disc and plate springs with the required high spring constants can also be produced without any problems.
- the actuating device preferably consists of a mechanical actuator, which can be actuated in particular manually, and a first electromechanical actuator, in particular a first piezo element, connected downstream of the mechanical actuator.
- the first electromechanical actuator enables electrical actuation of the actuating device, which is particularly advantageous when the actuating device is operated in a control loop mode for setting the resonance frequency ⁇ R.
- the electromechanical actuator can also be used, for example, to compensate for temperature-related drifts and can also be used in a limited way Lift range of an actuation of the mechanical actuator superfluous.
- the tuning disk preferably consists of a dielectric material, in particular sapphire. Such a tuning disk has very low dielectric losses, especially at low temperatures, which results in high losses
- Quality Q ⁇ 10 7 of the cavity resonator (defined as the product of the resonance frequency ⁇ R with the quotient of the field energy stored in the resonator and the power loss occurring in the resonator).
- the position-adjustable tuning disk according to the invention can also be a wall element (for example a ceiling wall) of the cavity resonator.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a dielectric body is provided in the resonator body and in that the tuning disk is arranged within the resonator body at a small distance d from a flat surface of the dielectric body.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a cavity resonator according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a microwave oscillator using the cavity shown in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a graph showing the change in the oscillator frequency ⁇ f as a function of the change in position ⁇ x 2 of the tuning disk.
- the cavity resonator 1 shows a cavity resonator 1 in a cylindrical design with a resonance frequency ⁇ R in the GHz range.
- the cavity resonator 1 has a circular disk-shaped bo denplatte 2, a cylindrical peripheral wall 3 and a ceiling wall 4.
- the resonator wall elements 2, 3 and 4 consist of a metal with good electrical conductivity, such as Cu or an HTSL material, and define a cavity 5 in their interior.
- the bottom plate 2 has through holes 6 distributed over its circumference, through which threaded screws 7 pass, by means of which the bottom plate 2 is fixed to a bottom-side flange 8 of the peripheral wall 3. Between the base plate 2 and the flange 8 there is an annular disk-shaped spacer 9 of a given thickness and above it a circular disk-shaped lifting floor 10.
- the multi-layer piezo element 11 has a maximum stroke of a few ⁇ m, which can be transferred to the lifting floor 10 and brings about a central bulging thereof.
- a dielectric base element 12, which carries a dielectric cylinder 30, is arranged on the lifting floor 10 in the central region above the multilayer piezo element 11.
- the dielectric cylinder 30 is made of a high-dielectric material
- Dielectric constant ⁇ for example sapphire
- ⁇ Dielectric constant ⁇
- a coupling antenna 13a and a coupling antenna 13b protrude into the cavity 5 through the cylindrical peripheral wall 3.
- the coupling and decoupling antennas 13a, 13b are each designed as coaxial cables with coaxial loops formed at the ends.
- the ceiling wall 4 of the cavity resonator 1 is spaced apart from a ceiling-side flange 15 of the peripheral wall 3 by means of an annular disk-shaped spacing element 14 and is fixed to the ceiling-side flange 15 in a manner similar to the floor wall 2 by means of threaded screws 17 passing through through bores 16.
- a plate spring 18 in the form of a thin, metallic disc is fixed on the edge between the ring-shaped spacer element 14 and the ceiling wall 4. In its central region, the plate spring 18 delimits a cylindrical spring receiving space 19 present in the ceiling wall 4.
- the spring receiving space 19 contains three stacked disc springs 20, which are mounted around a central guide element 21 and on the bottom side of the plate spring 18 are supported.
- a micrometer screw 22 Above the top wall 4 there is a micrometer screw 22 which consists of a screw chuck 23 firmly connected to the top wall 4 and a rotating member 24 guided therein in a fine thread.
- the path of movement is transmitted to the first multilayer piezo element 26 and can additionally be changed by it, i.e. shortened or extended.
- Multilayer piezo element 26 occurring linear stroke ⁇ x x acts on the top plate spring 20 and compresses it.
- the plate springs 20 press on the plate spring 18 and deflect it in its central region by a deflection path ⁇ x 2 . Due to the counterforce exerted by the plate spring 18, the deflection path ⁇ x 2 on the output side is smaller than the linear stroke ⁇ j on the input side.
- a tuning disk 28 is attached via a stem 27.
- the tuning disk 28 extends parallel and at a small distance d to a flat surface 29 of the dielectric cylinder 30.
- the tuning disk 28 With a central deflection .DELTA.x 2 of the plate spring 18 in the bottom direction, the tuning disk 28 also shifts by .DELTA.x 2 , so that a previously set distance d between the tuning disk 28 and the cylindrical body 30 is shortened to d- ⁇ x 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows in the form of a block diagram the basic structure of a microwave oscillator that uses the cavity resonator 1 shown in FIG. 1.
- An amplifier signal 41 from an amplifier 40 is fed to a high-frequency coupler 42.
- the high-frequency coupler 42 couples a useful signal 43 out of the amplifier signal 41 and, on the other hand, forwards the amplifier signal 41 to the cavity resonator 1.
- the amplifier signal 41 is coupled into the cavity resonator 1 via the input antenna 13a.
- An output signal 44 is coupled out of the cavity resonator 1 via the output antenna 13b and fed to an electrically or mechanically actuable phase shifter 45 which is used to set the phase condition in FIG the feedback branch 41, 42, 1, 44, 45 is provided.
- the phase-shifted feedback signal 46 generated by the phase shifter 45 is fed into the amplifier 40.
- the microwave oscillator can only be continuously tuned if the cavity resonator 1 has a required setting accuracy
- Resonance frequency ⁇ R of about 100 kHz or less reached. It is unfavorable that the voting steepness
- ⁇ R / ⁇ x 2 of a cavity resonator increases proportionally with its quality Q.
- a typical tuning steepness of 10 kHz / ⁇ m is observed in resonators 1 with a comparatively low quality (Q * 10 4 ). This means that the setting accuracy of the tuning mechanism with regard to the achievable positional accuracy of the tuning disk 28 only has to be about 10 ⁇ m in order to achieve the required tuning accuracy ⁇ R of the resonance frequency of 100 kHz.
- the tuning steepness with a quality of Q * 10 7 is already 10 3 kHz / ⁇ m.
- a quality of Q 10 7 can be achieved in the cavity resonator 1 according to the invention by cooling it to about 77K, because in this way the dielectric losses occurring in the dielectric cylinder 30 can be significantly reduced for so-called whispering gallery modes.
- the tuning mechanism of the cavity resonator 1 must then have an adjustment accuracy of 0.1 microns.
- the translation mechanism 18, 20 shown in FIG. 1 enables such an adjustment accuracy (when using a micrometer screw 22 with an adjustment accuracy of 50 ⁇ m per revolution) and thus allows the implementation of a fully tunable microwave oscillator with a cavity resonator 1 of the quality Q 10 7 .
- the high setting accuracy of the tuning mechanism 22, 20, 18 is based not only on the reduction of the movement path according to the invention by the translation mechanism 18, 20, but also on the fact that due to the construction of the translation mechanism 18, 20 from spring elements connected in series, there is practically no movement play in this. This also enables a high reproducibility of the setting position.
- the first and second multilayer piezo elements 26, 11 can preferably also be used for the electrical adjustment of the resonance frequency ⁇ R.
- the first multilayer piezo element 26 causes the tuning disk 28 to move relative to the stationary dielectric cylinder 30, while operation of the second multilayer piezo element 11 results in movement of the dielectric cylinder 30 relative to the stationary tuning disk 28.
- the first multilayer piezo element 26 connected upstream of the translation mechanism 18, 20 enables a very precise electrical one
- Fine adjustment of the resonance frequency ⁇ R and is therefore particularly suitable as an actuator for regulating the resonance frequency ⁇ R in a control loop operation.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram which illustrates the tuning behavior of the oscillator shown in FIG. 2 under the following exemplary conditions:
- the cavity resonator 1 is cooled to a temperature of 77K and has a dielectric cylinder 30 made of sapphire.
- a micrometer screw 22 with a stroke of 50 ⁇ m per revolution, three disc springs 20 and a 1 mm thick plate spring 18 (k 2 5000 N / mm) are used. det.
- the tuning disc 28 is made of sapphire and has a thickness of 0.5 mm. The tuning takes place at a frequency of 23 GHz.
- the change in the oscillator frequency ⁇ f is shown on the y-axis in the left-hand image area in FIG. 3
- the quality Q of the cavity resonator 1 plotted on the y-axis shown in the right-hand area of FIG. 3 is largely constant over the entire tuning range of the microwave oscillator and is Q> 2-10 6 in the example shown here. It also occurs during practically no quality degradation of the cavity resonator 1 during an adjustment process.
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19841078 | 1998-09-09 | ||
| DE19841078A DE19841078C1 (de) | 1998-09-09 | 1998-09-09 | Abstimmbarer Hohlraumresonator |
| PCT/EP1999/005959 WO2000014823A1 (de) | 1998-09-09 | 1999-08-13 | Abstimmbarer hohlraumresonator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1112603A1 true EP1112603A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
| EP1112603B1 EP1112603B1 (de) | 2003-07-09 |
Family
ID=7880286
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99944392A Expired - Lifetime EP1112603B1 (de) | 1998-09-09 | 1999-08-13 | Abstimmbarer hohlraumresonator |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6549104B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1112603B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE244939T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19841078C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000014823A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002026602A (ja) * | 2000-07-10 | 2002-01-25 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 誘電体共振器装置、フィルタ、デュプレクサおよび通信装置 |
| FI122012B (fi) * | 2006-04-27 | 2011-07-15 | Filtronic Comtek Oy | Virityselin ja viritettävä resonaattori |
| US8123399B2 (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2012-02-28 | The United States of America as represented by the National Institute of Standards and Technology | Dielectric resonator thermometer and a method of using the same |
| DE102007027372A1 (de) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-18 | Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh | Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Glycerin |
| DE102007027371A1 (de) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-18 | Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbindung aufweisend mindestens eine Ester-Gruppe |
| GB2452293B (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2011-09-28 | Isotek Electronics Ltd | A tuneable filter and a method of tuning such a filter |
| US8410792B2 (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2013-04-02 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Resonator arrangement and method for analyzing a sample using the resonator arrangement |
| US8711361B2 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2014-04-29 | Qualcomm, Incorporated | Methods and devices for detecting and measuring environmental conditions in high performance device packages |
| DE102014218814B4 (de) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-11-16 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Mikrowellenstrangmessvorrichtung, Verfahren und Verwendung |
| WO2018119306A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Knowles Cazenovia, Inc. | Microwave cavity resonator stabilized oscillator |
| US11133567B2 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-09-28 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Capacitive coupling tuner |
| CN115000666B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-04-19 | 国仪量子技术(合肥)股份有限公司 | 谐振腔 |
| CN119966375B (zh) * | 2024-12-30 | 2025-12-05 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | 一种高q值频率可调谐蓝宝石微波腔 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3121205A (en) * | 1960-05-05 | 1964-02-11 | Varian Associates | Tunable cavity having deformable wall that pivots about the edge of a constraining member during flexure |
| US3213393A (en) * | 1963-05-03 | 1965-10-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Cavity device |
| GB1072574A (en) * | 1964-04-01 | 1967-06-21 | English Electric Valve Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to microwave tuning devices |
| US4178562A (en) * | 1977-01-10 | 1979-12-11 | Tavkozlesi Kutato Intezet | Cavity resonators with frequency-linear tuning |
| JPS61280104A (ja) * | 1985-06-05 | 1986-12-10 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 誘電体共振器装置 |
| FI97088C (fi) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-10-10 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Dielektrinen resonaattori |
| FI97090C (fi) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-10-10 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Dielektrinen resonaattori |
| US5859576A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1999-01-12 | Illinois Superconductor Corporation | Extended spring loaded tuner |
| SE9702063D0 (sv) * | 1997-05-30 | 1997-05-30 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Filter tuning arrangement |
-
1998
- 1998-09-09 DE DE19841078A patent/DE19841078C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-13 DE DE59906271T patent/DE59906271D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-13 EP EP99944392A patent/EP1112603B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-13 US US09/786,760 patent/US6549104B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-13 AT AT99944392T patent/ATE244939T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-13 WO PCT/EP1999/005959 patent/WO2000014823A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0014823A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE244939T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
| DE59906271D1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
| DE19841078C1 (de) | 2000-05-18 |
| EP1112603B1 (de) | 2003-07-09 |
| US6549104B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
| WO2000014823A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 |
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