EP1114285B1 - Kälteanlage - Google Patents
Kälteanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1114285B1 EP1114285B1 EP99953709A EP99953709A EP1114285B1 EP 1114285 B1 EP1114285 B1 EP 1114285B1 EP 99953709 A EP99953709 A EP 99953709A EP 99953709 A EP99953709 A EP 99953709A EP 1114285 B1 EP1114285 B1 EP 1114285B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- condenser
- energy
- absorption
- refrigeration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/041—Details of condensers of evaporative condensers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a refrigeration system.
- thermal energy used in the form of hot water, hot water and steam.
- This thermal energy can e.g. district heating be in the summer of thermal power stations (HKW) and Cogeneration plants (BKHW) partly offered in excess waste heat from industrial processes or solar or geothermal energy as drive energy come into question.
- HKW thermal power stations
- BKHW Cogeneration plants
- District heating is a thermal energy, especially in summer and solar energy is particularly attractive for the operation of Refrigeration systems, because this energy is only generated when Cold e.g. is needed for summer air conditioning. But is also thermal for refrigeration systems operated all year round Energy an option.
- the temperature level in a district heating network is in Winter typically 100-130 ° C, but in summer reduced to lower values by 90 ° C.
- the usable Temperature level of waste heat from internal combustion engines A CHP is typically around due to its construction 90 ° C when talking about hot-cooled engines or the pure Except for exhaust gas use. These examples show that in numerous cases with temperatures around 90 ° C is what makes it difficult to use for refrigeration.
- Blasting devices have a low efficiency a problem with hot water at such low temperatures which is not insoluble, but ecological and is difficult to economically represent.
- Water / lithium bromide absorption chillers can with these low temperatures are still operated, however with poor efficiencies also difficult in the Location, cold water e.g. 6 ° C to provide.
- Ammonia / water absorption refrigeration systems can reach temperatures reach below 6 ° C and even below 0 ° C, but the costs are very high and the efficiency is again bad.
- the absorption systems mentioned which get along with low temperatures, however expensive to buy, very large and heavy as well are very energy intensive.
- WO 83/00917 and US 4,438,633 are combined Compression / absorption chillers known, where the condenser of the compression part in the evaporator of the absorption part is arranged.
- the invention has for its object a refrigeration system Specify the heat transfer at high outside temperatures is improved.
- Refrigeration systems with electrical or mechanical drive are usually designed as compression refrigeration systems.
- the energy required to drive the compressor is the evaporation and condensation temperature dependent. Since the evaporation temperature mostly through the Refrigeration application is determined in terms of the compressor's energy requirement only leaves room for maneuver the determination of the condensation temperature. This is supposed to be so be as deep as possible.
- This is offered with increasing Condensation temperature e.g. operation with cooling water from a cooling tower, the condensation of the refrigerant in an evaporative cooler or the condensation with a air-cooled condenser.
- the use of cooling towers and evaporative coolers is becoming increasingly difficult or even banned because the water requirement is significant. Air cooling is the more unfavorable because of the high temperature Solution, although no water is used.
- Refrigeration systems with thermal drive are less Thermal drive energy temperature usually Absorption chillers. With the prevailing minor Temperatures it is difficult and / or energy intensive, to make usable usable temperatures available. At lower Thermal drive energy temperature is one high usable temperature, on the other hand, is becoming increasingly economical. Regarding the condensation of the refrigerant and the The removal of heat of absorption is otherwise the same Criteria as for the compression refrigeration system.
- the compression refrigeration part with an air-cooled Condenser can be used in winter low outside temperature without cooling by the absorption refrigeration part the refrigerant with low energy consumption liquefy.
- the absorption refrigeration unit can then be switched off or used for other purposes.
- This circuit achieves the following: In winter reduces the low air temperature for condenser cooling of the compression refrigeration part the electrical or mechanical energy requirement of the system.
- the absorption refrigeration part can remain switched off when thermal Drive energy is scarce or expensive. Likewise can the absorption refrigeration unit also for other cooling tasks be used when there is a need.
- the Absorption refrigeration part serves to liquefy the Compression refrigeration system to cool, making the electrical or mechanical energy requirement of the compression refrigeration unit is low.
- the useful temperature of the absorption refrigeration part high, e.g. with an air-cooled Condenser the refrigerant without water consumption to liquefy. Condenser water cooling of course also possible.
- the absorption refrigeration part is designed as a water cooler (For frost protection or corrosion protection reasons, too another liquid, e.g. a brine can be used; summarized below under "water”).
- the Compression refrigeration unit is a smooth or finned tube condenser, the refrigerant to be liquefied by the pipes, the cooling air flows around the pipes. fans provide for air flow, which is usually are arranged sucking.
- a compression refrigeration unit consisting of an evaporator 1, a compressor 2, a condenser 3 and one Throttle body 4, with a substantially from one Evaporator 5, a condenser 6 and an absorber / desorber part 7 absorption refrigeration part coupled.
- the compression refrigeration part becomes electrical or mechanical driven while the absorber with thermal Energy is supplied. This ensures that the low usable temperature thanks to an electrical / mechanical driven compression refrigeration part is shown at the same time, the condensation temperature of the compression refrigeration unit by cooling with the absorption refrigeration system kept low.
- the absorption refrigeration part can therefore with low temperature thermal Energy the energy requirement of the compression refrigeration unit keep far less than this without the absorption refrigeration part it is possible.
- the absorption refrigeration part needs do not provide cold at low temperature and can therefore be economical at high condensation temperature operate.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of such a system.
- the air-cooled heat exchanger 8 is located in a housing 9, on the top of which sucking fans 10 are attached. The air flow thus takes place from the bottom up. Above the heat exchanger 8 and Below the fans 10 is a water sprinkler 11 arranged. Depending on the geometry, air speed and sensitivity of fans 10 are drop cutters 12 above the water sprinkler 11 and arranged below 10.
- the Housing 9 is with the elements 8, 10, 11, 12 as well as necessary Accessories e.g. Electrical wiring, control cabinet, Regulation, drive motors, etc. arranged in a tub 13, that the tub 13 e.g. by a valve operated Drain device 14 can be emptied.
- a pump 15 delivers water from a template 16 in tub 13.
- a opens Three-way valve 17 in such a way that the pumped water flows into the tub 13.
- the water level in the tub 13 is regulated so that the heat exchanger 8 completely is immersed.
- the fans 10 remain off.
- the absorption refrigeration system 18 cools it Water in tub 13 or 16: by cooling through the The absorption refrigeration part becomes the condensing temperature of the compression refrigeration section is low and thus the energy requirement of the compression refrigeration part kept low.
- Water droplets and aerosols can pass through the droplet separator 12 before impermissible entry into fans 10 are held.
- the tub 13 can have an overflow or a suitable control device be to avoid overfilling the tub 13.
- the absorption refrigeration system can be used instead of water cooling in the tub 13 also in the template 16 cool or pre-cool. It is also possible to use the water run continuously through the drain device 14 and to run on the pump 15.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)
Description
Claims (3)
- Kälteanlage mit einem Kompressionsteil und einem Absorptionsteil, bei der der Kondensator des Kompressionsteils mit dem Verdampfer des Absorptionsteil gekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (8) des Verflüssigers (3) des Kompressionsteils in einer zum Aufnehmen von Wasser ausgebildeten Wanne (13) angeordnet ist, wobei der Absorptionsteil das Wasser kühlt.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine die Wanne (13) speisende Vorlage (16).
- Anlage nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine den Wärmetauscher (8) beaufschlagende Berieselungseinrichtung (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19841548A DE19841548C2 (de) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Kälteanlage |
| DE19841548 | 1998-09-11 | ||
| PCT/DE1999/002796 WO2000016024A1 (de) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-08-31 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer kälteanlage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1114285A1 EP1114285A1 (de) | 2001-07-11 |
| EP1114285B1 true EP1114285B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
Family
ID=7880588
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99953709A Expired - Lifetime EP1114285B1 (de) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-08-31 | Kälteanlage |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6484527B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1114285B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002525546A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE227412T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU1030900A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19841548C2 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK1114285T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000016024A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090090131A1 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-09 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process and system for removing total heat from base load liquefied natural gas facility |
| US8613839B2 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2013-12-24 | Idalex Technologies | Water distillation method and apparatus |
| US9546804B2 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2017-01-17 | Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc | Microchannel coil spray system |
| DE102018109577B3 (de) | 2018-04-20 | 2019-05-09 | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | Hybrid-Wärmepumpe mit Kompressions- und Adsorptionskreislauf, sowie Verfahren zumBetrieb und Verwendung |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1975945A (en) * | 1932-08-22 | 1934-10-09 | James P Curry | Cooling unit for refrigerating systems |
| US1933703A (en) * | 1933-01-20 | 1933-11-07 | Emile P Brus | Device for cooling condenser water |
| US2353233A (en) * | 1941-06-04 | 1944-07-11 | Curtis Mfg Co | Heat exchanger |
| US2672024A (en) * | 1951-01-12 | 1954-03-16 | Carrier Corp | Air conditioning system employing a hygroscopic medium |
| DE1215181B (de) * | 1962-01-31 | 1966-04-28 | Carl Schmid Inh C | Kombinierte Kompressions-Absorptions-Kaeltemaschine |
| DE2340645A1 (de) * | 1973-08-10 | 1975-02-20 | Carl Aake Sandmark | Kaeltemaschine |
| US3824804A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1974-07-23 | C Sandmark | Refrigerating machines |
| DE2931147A1 (de) * | 1979-08-01 | 1981-02-19 | Rolf Dr Ing Schroedter | Waermepumpe mit zwei kompressoren |
| WO1983000917A1 (en) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-17 | Chinnappa, James, Chandrasekaran, Virasinghe | A cooling plant |
| US4438633A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-03-27 | Hiser Leland L | Method and apparatus for using low grade thermal energy to improve efficiency of air conditioning and refrigeration systems |
| EP0149413A3 (de) * | 1984-01-12 | 1986-02-19 | Dori Hershgal | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen |
| US4626387A (en) * | 1985-05-29 | 1986-12-02 | Leonard Oboler | Evaporative condenser with helical coils and method |
| US4869069A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1989-09-26 | Frank J. Scherer | Integrated cascade refrigeration system |
| US4918943A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-04-24 | Faust Paul A | Condenser |
| US5687579A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1997-11-18 | Vaynberg; Mikhail M. | Double circuited refrigeration system with chiller |
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 DE DE19841548A patent/DE19841548C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-31 EP EP99953709A patent/EP1114285B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-31 US US09/786,892 patent/US6484527B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-31 DK DK99953709T patent/DK1114285T3/da active
- 1999-08-31 JP JP2000570515A patent/JP2002525546A/ja active Pending
- 1999-08-31 AU AU10309/00A patent/AU1030900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-31 WO PCT/DE1999/002796 patent/WO2000016024A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-08-31 AT AT99953709T patent/ATE227412T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-31 DE DE59903345T patent/DE59903345D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19841548A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
| WO2000016024A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
| DK1114285T3 (da) | 2003-03-03 |
| EP1114285A1 (de) | 2001-07-11 |
| JP2002525546A (ja) | 2002-08-13 |
| US6484527B1 (en) | 2002-11-26 |
| ATE227412T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 |
| DE19841548C2 (de) | 2002-03-28 |
| AU1030900A (en) | 2000-04-03 |
| DE59903345D1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
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