EP1126040A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1126040A1 EP1126040A1 EP00126815A EP00126815A EP1126040A1 EP 1126040 A1 EP1126040 A1 EP 1126040A1 EP 00126815 A EP00126815 A EP 00126815A EP 00126815 A EP00126815 A EP 00126815A EP 1126040 A1 EP1126040 A1 EP 1126040A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- silicon
- sliding surface
- alloy
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
- B22F3/164—Partial deformation or calibration
- B22F2003/166—Surface calibration, blasting, burnishing, sizing, coining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/90—Alloys not otherwise provided for
- F05C2201/903—Aluminium alloy, e.g. AlCuMgPb F34,37
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49462—Gear making
Definitions
- the invention relates to Process for producing a cooperating with a friction partner over a sliding surface
- Metal component for a drive unit, especially an internal combustion engine the component to achieve a wear-resistant sliding surface is formed from an at least eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
- a vane compressor is known from US Pat. No. 5,055,016 the component with friction-loaded sliding surfaces made of an aluminum-silicon alloy are formed, their silicon content in parts by weight between 12 - 20% is selected depending on the respective friction partner.
- a compressor with a fixed one is known from EP 0 508 426 B1 Snail and a rotating snail, one of the snails from a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy is formed, which in addition to copper and Magnesium alloy proportions further alloy elements from the IIIa group,
- the IVa Group and the Va Group include high wear resistance to achieve a high strength of the component.
- the invention has for its object a for a generic component inexpensive aluminum-Si alloy with regard to strength and high wear resistance to show, which also enables the sliding surface by a mechanical After-treatment qualitatively regarding strength and wear resistance increase.
- the alloy according to the invention a selection of materials is desired Strength and relatively high wear resistance shown, the wear resistance by subsequently calibrating the respective sliding surface of the Component is increased by solidified embedding of the silicon particles.
- the component can be made from an inventive one Alu-Si alloy can be produced by machining.
- the component is used to achieve a wear-resistant sliding surface formed from an at least eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
- the use is made using an inexpensive aluminum-Si alloy an aluminum-silicon-copper-magnesium alloy proposed with each a weight-based alloy content for silicon Si of 12 - 15% for copper Cu from 2.5% to 3.5% and magnesium Mg from 0.4% - 0.8%, the particle size for silicon is between 4 ⁇ m and 30 pm and also the sliding surface of the Component in the solid state is compressed by calibration.
- the component can also be machined from the AlSiCuMg alloy according to the invention are produced.
- the alloy according to the invention is preferably used in training a sprocket wheel or a gear wheel, and here again in particular for a valve control of an internal combustion engine for advantageous weight reduction.
- the alloy according to the invention is further preferred by at least partially Use for a valve control shaft adjustment device, in particular in the design of a vane unit.
- a housing of a valve control shaft adjusting device is integral with one Chain gear is formed by sintering.
- the alloy according to the invention is suitable for a component that acts as a guide bush is designed for a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine.
- Advantageous is here with the use of such guide bushings in an aluminum alloy designed cylinder head that both components essentially have the same coefficient of thermal expansion and thus increased tension are prevented.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine,gekennzeichnet durchwobei das Bauteil zur Erzielung einer verschleißfesten Gleitfläche aus einer zumindest eutektischen Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung gebildet wird,die Verwendung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Kupfer-Magnesium-Legierung mit jeweils einem gewichtsbezogenen Legierungsanteil für Silizium Si von 12 - 15 %, für Kupfer Cu von 2,5 % - 3,5 % und Magnesium Mg von 0,4 % - 0,8 %, wobeidie Partikelgröße für Silizium zwischen 4 µm und 30 µm beträgt, unddie Gleitfläche des Bauteiles im festen Zustand mittels Kalibrieren verdichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass die AlSiCuMg-Legierung mit Si = 14 %, Cu = 3 % und Mg = 0,6 % als Sinterwerkstoff zur Ausbildung des Bauteiles dient, wobeiin der Gleitfläche die Partikelgröße von Silizium ca. 8 - 20 µm beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bauteil mittels einer spanabhebenden Bearbeitung aus der AlSiCuMg-Legierung hergestellt wird.
- Bauteil nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung als Ketten- oder Zahnrad, insbesondere in einer Ventilsteuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine.
- Bauteil nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine zumindest teilweise Verwendung in einer Ventilsteuerwellen-Verstelleinrichtung, insbesondere Flügelzelleneinheit.
- Bauteil nach Anspruch 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gehäuse einer Ventilsteuerwellen-Verstelleinrichtung integral mit einem Kettenzahnrad mittels Sintern ausgebildet wird.
- Bauteil nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung als Führungsbuchse für ein Gaswechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10006269 | 2000-02-12 | ||
| DE10006269A DE10006269A1 (de) | 2000-02-12 | 2000-02-12 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1126040A1 true EP1126040A1 (de) | 2001-08-22 |
| EP1126040B1 EP1126040B1 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=7630698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00126815A Expired - Lifetime EP1126040B1 (de) | 2000-02-12 | 2000-12-07 | Verwendung einer AlSiCuMg Legierung zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6418901B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1126040B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10006269A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2225004T3 (de) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2825376A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-06 | Nippon Light Metal Co | PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'UN ARTICLE MOULE RESISTANT A L'USURE EN ALLIAGE A1-Si |
| EP2058478A1 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-13 | hofer mechatronik GmbH | Verstelleinrichtung für die Veränderung der relativen Lage einer Nockenwelle |
| EP2372119A1 (de) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Kombinierte Kettenrad-Stator-Einheit |
| EP2418034A3 (de) * | 2010-08-11 | 2014-05-28 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Zahnrad-Sinterverbund und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10006269A1 (de) | 2000-02-12 | 2001-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE10203283C5 (de) * | 2002-01-29 | 2009-07-16 | Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gesinterten Bauteilen aus einem sinterfähigen Material und gesintertes Bauteil |
| DE102006052998B4 (de) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-11-08 | Hofer Mechatronik Gmbh | Verstelleinrichtung für die Veränderung der relativen Lage einer Nockenwelle |
| DE102012213176B4 (de) * | 2012-07-26 | 2021-07-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hydraulischer Nockenwellenversteller |
| CN105443379B (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2018-02-09 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | 螺杆压缩机及空调器 |
| CN113327862A (zh) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-08-31 | 上海先进半导体制造有限公司 | 无焊料共晶焊接方法及电子产品 |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1109084A (en) * | 1964-06-29 | 1968-04-10 | Reynolds Metals Co | Treatment of aluminium alloy surfaces |
| US4077810A (en) * | 1974-04-20 | 1978-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Aluminum alloys having improved mechanical properties and workability and method of making same |
| JPH01298131A (ja) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 耐摩耗性高強度鋳造用アルミニウム合金 |
| US4934442A (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1990-06-19 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Die cast heat treated aluminum silicon based alloys and method for producing the same |
| EP0466120A1 (de) * | 1990-07-10 | 1992-01-15 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Ausgangspulver zur Herstellung einer gesinterten Aluminiumlegierung, Verfahren zur Herstellung gesinterter Formkörper und gesinterte Aluminiumlegierung |
| US5355930A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-10-18 | Brunswick Corporation | Method of expendable pattern casting of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys using sand with specific thermal properties |
| EP0669404A2 (de) * | 1994-02-12 | 1995-08-30 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. | Verschleissfeste gesinterte Aluminiumlegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| EP0672760A1 (de) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-09-20 | Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. | Verschliessfeste Gusslegierung aus Aluminium und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE19523484A1 (de) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-01-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zylinderlaufbüchse aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium/Silizium-Legierung zum Eingießen in ein Kurbelgehäuse einer Hubkolbenmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Zylinderlaufbüchse |
| JPH11226723A (ja) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-24 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | 過共晶Al−Si系合金ダイカスト部材及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE2201534B2 (de) * | 1972-01-13 | 1976-03-18 | The Glacier Metal Co. Ltd., Alperton, Wembley, Middlesex (Grossbritannien) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines gleitlagers |
| CH665223A5 (de) * | 1984-03-16 | 1988-04-29 | Showa Aluminium Co Ltd | Extrudierte aluminiumlegierung mit hoher verschleissresistenz und verfahren zur herstellung derselben. |
| JPS6274043A (ja) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-04 | Ube Ind Ltd | 加圧鋳造用高力アルミニウム合金 |
| JPH0647703B2 (ja) | 1986-04-08 | 1994-06-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 耐摩耗性に優れたアルミニウム合金 |
| GB8724469D0 (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1987-11-25 | Gkn Sheepbridge Stokes Ltd | Aluminium-silicon alloy article |
| JP2787466B2 (ja) * | 1988-05-12 | 1998-08-20 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 大径の製品用アルミニウム合金の成形方法 |
| JPH02147890U (de) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-12-14 | ||
| JPH0625782A (ja) * | 1991-04-12 | 1994-02-01 | Hitachi Ltd | 高延性アルミニウム焼結合金とその製造法及びその用途 |
| JP3095026B2 (ja) | 1991-04-25 | 2000-10-03 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | アルミニウム焼結合金の製造方法 |
| JPH06293933A (ja) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金及びその製造方法 |
| JP3463540B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-21 | 2003-11-05 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 斜板式圧縮機 |
| DE10006269A1 (de) | 2000-02-12 | 2001-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Reibpartner über eine Gleitfläche zusammenwirkenden Metall-Bauteiles für ein Antriebsaggregat, insbesondere Brennkraftmaschine |
-
2000
- 2000-02-12 DE DE10006269A patent/DE10006269A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-07 ES ES00126815T patent/ES2225004T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-07 DE DE50008102T patent/DE50008102D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-07 EP EP00126815A patent/EP1126040B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-10 US US09/756,859 patent/US6418901B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1109084A (en) * | 1964-06-29 | 1968-04-10 | Reynolds Metals Co | Treatment of aluminium alloy surfaces |
| US4077810A (en) * | 1974-04-20 | 1978-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Aluminum alloys having improved mechanical properties and workability and method of making same |
| US4934442A (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1990-06-19 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Die cast heat treated aluminum silicon based alloys and method for producing the same |
| JPH01298131A (ja) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 耐摩耗性高強度鋳造用アルミニウム合金 |
| EP0466120A1 (de) * | 1990-07-10 | 1992-01-15 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Ausgangspulver zur Herstellung einer gesinterten Aluminiumlegierung, Verfahren zur Herstellung gesinterter Formkörper und gesinterte Aluminiumlegierung |
| US5355930A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-10-18 | Brunswick Corporation | Method of expendable pattern casting of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys using sand with specific thermal properties |
| EP0669404A2 (de) * | 1994-02-12 | 1995-08-30 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. | Verschleissfeste gesinterte Aluminiumlegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| EP0672760A1 (de) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-09-20 | Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. | Verschliessfeste Gusslegierung aus Aluminium und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE19523484A1 (de) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-01-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zylinderlaufbüchse aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium/Silizium-Legierung zum Eingießen in ein Kurbelgehäuse einer Hubkolbenmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Zylinderlaufbüchse |
| JPH11226723A (ja) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-24 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | 過共晶Al−Si系合金ダイカスト部材及びその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| ADV. POWDER METALL. PART. MATER. (1996), (VOL. 4), 14/3-14/13 * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 130, no. 26, 28 June 1999, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 355443, ISHIJIMA, Z. ET AL: "Development of P/M forged Al-Si alloy for connecting rod" XP002168395 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 080 (C - 0689) 15 February 1990 (1990-02-15) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 13 30 November 1999 (1999-11-30) * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2825376A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-06 | Nippon Light Metal Co | PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'UN ARTICLE MOULE RESISTANT A L'USURE EN ALLIAGE A1-Si |
| EP2058478A1 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-13 | hofer mechatronik GmbH | Verstelleinrichtung für die Veränderung der relativen Lage einer Nockenwelle |
| EP2372119A1 (de) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Kombinierte Kettenrad-Stator-Einheit |
| EP2418034A3 (de) * | 2010-08-11 | 2014-05-28 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Zahnrad-Sinterverbund und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE102010034014B4 (de) * | 2010-08-11 | 2015-06-25 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Sinterverbund und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2225004T3 (es) | 2005-03-16 |
| US20010015014A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
| US6418901B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
| EP1126040B1 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
| DE50008102D1 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
| DE10006269A1 (de) | 2001-08-16 |
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