Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
  • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
  • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
  • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
  • F26B25/08—Parts thereof
  • F26B25/10—Floors, roofs, or bottoms; False bottoms
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
  • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
  • F26B9/063—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers for drying granular material in bulk, e.g. grain bins or silos with false floor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
  • F26B9/10—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an enclosure and an installation for drying animal droppings, in particular poultry droppings.
• the simplest method is to inject air inside the livestock buildings above the endless conveyor belts which are arranged under the livestock cages and on which the poultry droppings fall.
• the air is only partially charged with moisture, due to its rapid passage in contact with the thin layer of droppings spread over the conveyors.
• this type of process is implemented in drying tunnels, outside of livestock buildings.
• the major drawbacks of this type of installation lie in its size and its mechanical complexity.
• Document EP-B-0 210 196 describes a method and an installation for drying and conditioning hen manure.
• the process includes a step of microbiological transformation of the manure, which requires having to carefully monitor all the parameters of the transformation, to be sure of ensuring a good drying of the manure.
• the corresponding installation is necessarily complex and expensive.
• Document US-A-26791 14 relates to an apparatus and a process for the transformation and composting of manure.
• the device has a conveyor that transports raw manure to the top of a silo.
• the bottom of the silo is formed by two perforated and converging partitions between which a channel extends.
• At the bottom of the channel is provided a conveyor arranged in a chute. Above the conveyor extend two parallel rotating shafts provided with blades.
• Document DE-A-2723581 relates to a process and an installation for aerobic decomposition of organic solids.
• the installation includes a device for pre-drying the material, a storage enclosure and a silo for the treated and dry product. This enclosure and this silo communicate by their bottom with a double screw conveyor which achieves an intimate mixture of the pre-dried product and the dry product.
• This mixture is then transferred to a mobile bottom decomposition reactor, via a vertical conveyor.
• the mixture can be selectively directed to a drying tower and the final product is stored in the aforementioned silo.
• the movable bottom is, as in the previous document, made up of a set of rotating shafts whose periphery is provided with fingers or blades.
• document WO-A-97/02222 discloses an installation for drying animal excrement, comprising an enclosure whose bottom is also mobile and permeable.
• This bottom is formed of several elements consisting of articulated profiles, capable of tilting simultaneously to allow the flow of a fraction of droppings.
• the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
• the latter relates to an installation for drying animal excrement, which is adapted to receive a mixture of fresh and dry excrement, the bottom of the latter being intended to retain the mixture while being permeable to air, this bottom consisting of a set of elements each capable of forming a means for retaining excrement and comprising means which make it possible, periodically, to transfer out of the enclosure and through this bottom , a fraction of dry droppings.
• said elements consist of two series of horizontal crosspieces organized in two parallel planes supe ⁇ osés, these crosspieces being arranged in such a way that the bottom does not have a solution of continuity in the vertical direction
• said transfer means consist of at least one drawer movable horizontally between these two planes of sleepers, the longitudinal displacement of this drawer, capable of sweeping the entire surface of said bottom from one end to the other, pushing the accumulated droppings on the top of the sleepers of the lower plane, so that they fall by gravity out of the enclosure.
• the permeable bottom comprises only one type of moving part, namely the drawer (s). This greatly simplifies the structure of the enclosure and reduces the energy consumption devoted to moving the drawer.
• the sleepers are staggered, the edges of the sleepers of the upper plane partially overlapping the sleepers of the lower plane;
• the enclosure has two rectangular drawers, the width of which is equal to half that of the bottom, and these two drawers are movable in opposite directions;
• the actuating means of said drawers consist of a first cable which connects their transverse edges directed on the same side, this cable passing over a series of pulleys of which at least one is driving, and a second cable which connects their opposite transverse edges at the first, this cable passing over a series of deflection pulleys, so that by actuation of the driving pulley, one of the drawers moves in one direction, while the second moves in the opposite direction;
• They include means capable of always putting the two strands of the first cable, respectively attached to the first and second drawers, under tension;
• - It comprises a carriage movable longitudinally, capable of receiving said mixture and distributing it uniformly over said bottom; - Said carriage carries a series of fingers directed downwards, capable of equalizing the layer of mixture poured onto said bottom;
• the invention also relates to an installation for drying animal droppings. It is essentially characterized by the fact that it includes:
• - Figure 1 is a very schematic presentation of an installation including an enclosure according to the invention, intended to show the various elements which compose it, the lower part of the figure being normally inscribed in the continuity of the upper part;
• - Figure 2 is a side view of the means which make it possible to supply the enclosure according to the invention with droppings, its bottom being cut by a longitudinal vertical plane;
• FIG. 3 is a partial top view • of sleepers that make up the permeable bottom of the enclosure
• FIG. 4 is a simplified top view of the enclosure, with its means for supplying excrement;
• FIG. 5 is a top view of the actuating means of the movable drawers which equip the enclosure;
• - Figure 6 is a general top view of these drawers, with their actuating cable and their return pulleys;
• FIG. 7 is a detailed view of these pulleys and the actuating cable
• FIG. 8 is a side view of the carriage supplying the enclosure with droppings, equipped with a series of equalizing fingers;
• FIG. 9 is a detailed view of one of these fingers, in the retracted position.
• the installation shown in FIG. 1 essentially comprises a drying enclosure 1, a set of Archimedes screw conveyors 2 and 3, a conveyor for supplying fresh manure B, as well as means for blowing air A in enclosure 1.
• the underside of the enclosure 1 is provided with a pit 8 for receiving dry droppings S, into which plunges the upstream end of the conveyor 2 with Archimedes screw; its downstream end, which extends outside the enclosure 1, overhangs a first section 30 of a second Archimedes screw 3.
• This first section has two directions of rotation, a first direction where the screw it contains directs the materials to the enclosure 1 and a second direction where the screw directs the materials in the opposite direction.
• a chute 300 communicates the conveyor 2 with the section 30.
• the latter is also open near the chute 300, this opening being located directly above a conveyor B with a moving conveyor belt for supplying fresh manure.
• the downstream end of the section 30 communicates with the upstream end of a second section 31, also opposite Archimedes.
• the direction of rotation of this screw is unique and is capable of directing the materials towards its open downstream end, opposite the first section.
• the drying chamber 1 has the shape of an elongated rectangular parallelepiped and is open at its top. It is provided in its upper part, near one of its longitudinal and vertical walls, with a movable conveyor belt 4, the upper and lower strands of which extend horizontally, parallel to one another.
• This mat has only one direction of rotation; this direction is such that its upper strand moves from left to right, when we consider Figure 1. Its upstream end is located slightly outside the enclosure 1 and is overhung by the outside downstream of the section 30 opposite Archimedes.
• the conveyor 4 occupies a tiny part of the width of the enclosure.
• the enclosure is also provided, in its upper part, with a mobile carriage 5 in the form of a box, guided in longitudinal translation by rollers 55 bearing on guide tracks provided in the longitudinal walls of the enclosure.
• This carriage is provided with a scraper blade 51 which rests on the upper side of the conveyor 4. It is also equipped with an Archimedes screw 50, with a horizontal and transverse axis of rotation, which is located in a plane located below that of the lower strand of the conveyor 4. The bottom of the bucket in which it moves is partially open.
• the faeces received by the conveyor 4 are scraped by the blade 51, poured into the carriage 5 and distributed over the entire width of the enclosure by the screw 50.
• the bottom of the enclosure 1 is generally referenced 6 and is inscribed in a rect.angle. It consists of two series of crosspieces 60 and 60 ', arranged horizontally and organized in two superimposed parallel planes Pi and P 2 .
• the arrangement of the crosspieces is such that the bottom 6 presents no solution of continuity in the vertical direction. In other words, this means that seen from above or from below, the bottom gives the impression of being made up of a single continuous plate.
• the projection of the background on a horizontal plane therefore forms a continuous surface (devoid of openings).
• the cross members are generally flat, not very thick, with a rectangular section. They are for example made of metal. As shown more particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crosspieces 60 of the upper plane Pi are arranged in such a way that their transverse edges 601 partially overhang the crosspieces 60 'of the lower plane P 2 .
• the crosspieces 60 of the upper plane Pi are provided with oblong openings 600, arranged transversely. The advantage of such a characteristic will be explained later in the description.
• At least one drawer T movable horizontally It is a thin plate, rectangular in shape, the width of which corresponds to that of the bottom.
• This drawer has the function, as will be seen below, of pushing the droppings which have accumulated on the crosspieces 60 ′ of the lower plane so as to evacuate them outside the enclosure.
• the enclosure is equipped with two drawers Ti and T, in the form of rectangular plates, the width of which corresponds substantially to half that of the enclosure.
• drawers are equipped with means making it possible to move them in longitudinal translation between the two planes of sleepers, one moving in one direction, while the other is moving in the opposite direction.
• each drawer is attached by one of its transverse faces to the end of a first cable 92 which cooperates with a series of return pulleys which have the general reference 9.
• a master pulley 90 whose axis of rotation, arranged vertically, is driven by means of a motor not shown. It's about a grooved pulley, advantageously trapezoidal profile.
• This pulley is associated with two secondary pulleys 90A and 90B so that the routing of the cable 92 on these three pulleys gives it substantially the shape of the Greek letter omega ( ⁇ ).
• the system is also equipped with a second pair of deflection or angle pulleys 91, each being arranged substantially along the longitudinal median axis of the drawers Ti and T.
• the transverse faces of the drawers, opposite to the previous ones are, in turn, connected by a second cable 93 which cooperate with a pair of deflection or angle pulleys 94 arranged along the median longitudinal axis of the drawers T ⁇ and T 2 .
• the four angle pulleys 91 and 94 are arranged at the corners of a fictitious rectangle, along the long sides of which the drawers are caused to be moved. It is understood that the actuation of the pulley 90 in one direction or the other, will result in the displacement of the drawer T, in one direction and, simultaneously of the drawer T in the opposite direction.
• the material of the cables must be chosen to be sufficiently resistant. These may, for example, be steel cables coated with plastic.
• FIG. 8 there is illustrated the manure supply carriage with, at its front part, a tilting vertical arm 54, the lower end of which is provided with a series of bent fingers 52 directed towards the bottom and at an angle towards the droppings.
• the function of these fingers is to uniformly distribute the excrement on the sleepers so as to prevent them from accumulating on the sleepers of the upper plane, to the detriment of the lower plane.
• this finger system is provided tilting, relative to a connecting piece 53 so that, at the end of the enclosure 10, the latter retracts. This allows the carriage 5 to move to the bottom of the enclosure, without being obstructed by the fingers.
• scraper system 7 of known type, which, as will be seen below, is intended to bring back towards the pit 8 the dry excrements which have crossed the permeable bottom 6.
• scraper system 7 of known type, which, as will be seen below, is intended to bring back towards the pit 8 the dry excrements which have crossed the permeable bottom 6.
• several scrapers can be provided.
• the installation is provided with means for supplying air A originating for example from a livestock building located near the installation.
• This air is brought from below the bottom and forced to pass through it from bottom to top, for example by means of fans N.
• a mixture of fresh excrement for example droppings
• dry droppings so as to produce a loose mixture M, permeable to air.
• the aim of this phase is to obtain a product that is easy to handle, unlike a mass of fresh droppings which constitutes a semi-liquid product, much more difficult to handle and treat.
• the fresh droppings are conveyed by the conveyor belt B in the conveyor section 30 above.
• An intimate mixture of these two products takes place inside the conveyor screw and the assembly is poured onto the conveyor belt conveyor 4 provided in the upper part of the enclosure 1.
• the mixture M comprises for example around 50% by weight dry matter.
• the motor of the pulley 90 is actuated in such a way that the drawers Ti and T 2 undergo a translation in opposite direction between the two planes of sleepers 60 and 60 '.
• the purpose of the presence of oblong holes 600 in the crosspieces of the upper plane Pi is to accelerate the drying up of the fraction of droppings which has accumulated therein, because in this zone, the droppings are not primarily crossed by the flow of 'air A.
• the scraper 7 is periodically actuated by a cable system, so as to transfer the dry droppings into the receiving pit 8. At this level, they are collected by the Archimedes screw conveyor 2 and transferred, either entirely in a heap S for later use, or partly mixed with a new arrival of fresh droppings.
• the drawers are formed of a frame consisting of an assembly by welding of four sections, namely two longitudinal sections and two transverse sections, the interior space which they delimit being empty.
• the spacing between the two sections transverse will be chosen greater than the spacing between two neighboring sleepers.
• it can be 75 cm, the spacing between two crosspieces being 50 cm. In this way, when one of the profiles pushes droppings, the other is inactive, and vice versa. This allows to delimit the power necessary to move the drawers.
• each profile moves, each time it "sweeps" a cross member, an area of approximately 1 m 2 of droppings (0.5 mx 2 m).
• the spacing between the two transverse planes and for example of the order of 25 mm.
• the technique according to the invention therefore makes it possible to recover regularly, using simple means and consuming little energy, a regular, unimportant and uniform layer of dry droppings, that is to say within which the rate humidity is the same everywhere.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
• Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=9541695

Family Applications (1)

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• 1999
  • 1999-02-02 FR FR9901411A patent/FR2789163B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2000
  • 2000-02-02 ES ES00903742T patent/ES2228459T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-02 AU AU25529/00A patent/AU2552900A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-02-02 AT AT00903742T patent/ATE276500T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-02-02 WO PCT/FR2000/000238 patent/WO2000046560A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2000-02-02 CA CA002361697A patent/CA2361697C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-02-02 US US09/890,246 patent/US6393722B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-02 JP JP2000597596A patent/JP3743766B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-02 MX MXPA01007730A patent/MXPA01007730A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-02-02 DE DE60013779T patent/DE60013779D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-02 EP EP00903742A patent/EP1153253B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

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