EP1173659B1 - Linearer elektromagnetischer aktor mit einem positionsgeber - Google Patents

Linearer elektromagnetischer aktor mit einem positionsgeber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1173659B1
EP1173659B1 EP00920842A EP00920842A EP1173659B1 EP 1173659 B1 EP1173659 B1 EP 1173659B1 EP 00920842 A EP00920842 A EP 00920842A EP 00920842 A EP00920842 A EP 00920842A EP 1173659 B1 EP1173659 B1 EP 1173659B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
actuator according
ferromagnetic
rod
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00920842A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1173659A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Peghaire
Calogero Fiaccabrino
Yves Porcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Electrification SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Publication of EP1173659A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173659A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1173659B1 publication Critical patent/EP1173659B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2132—Biasing means
    • F01L2009/2134—Helical springs
    • F01L2009/2136—Two opposed springs for intermediate resting position of the armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2167—Sensing means
    • F01L2009/2169—Position sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electromagnetic actuators for moving in linear translation a pallet carrying a drive rod, along the axis of the rod. It finds a particularly important application, although not exclusive, in the actuators for bringing a valve alternately in an open position and a closed position and in particular in those for the valves of an internal combustion engine, ignition by sparks or compression.
  • French Patent Application No. 98 12489 discloses an electromagnetic actuator having, in a casing, a ferromagnetic circuit defining an axial clearance gap of a pallet of ferromagnetic driving material. a rod between two extreme bearing positions of the pallet on the poles of the ferromagnetic circuit, resilient return means provided to maintain the valve at rest in a median position between the extreme positions, and at least one coil carried by the circuit and allowing to alternately bring the pallet in the two extreme positions.
  • the electromagnetic means may comprise two coils placed on either side of the pallet and whose excitation respectively attracts the pallet in a direction tending to close a valve and a second electromagnet placed on the other side of the pallet , whose excitation tends for example to bring a valve in the fully open position.
  • the embodiment described in patent application No. 98 12489, to which reference may be made, on the contrary has a single coil mounted on a ferromagnetic circuit of construction such that it has, in combination with the pallet, two stable paths of flux both corresponding to a zero gap value between the pallet and a pole of the ferromagnetic circuit.
  • Satisfactory operation of such an actuator involves an initial adjustment such that the pallet is at rest in a median position between its extreme positions.
  • adjustment members for the initial compression of one of the springs such as those described in the French application filed on the same day as the present application for "Adjustable valve control device and method of adjusting a such device ".
  • a pallet position sensor to determine the position of this pallet in "gap or gap defined by the poles.”
  • Proper operation requires more than the energy supplied to the coil or coils is sufficient to ensure a complete stroke of the pallet, but not excessive to avoid a terminal shock that would cause noise and wear.
  • the application 129 12940 measures the energy applied during the final phase of the displacement of the pallet by measuring the reluctance of the coils, which implies a ferromagnetic circuit such that there is an almost linear relationship between the reluctance R (x) and the air gap x during the last fractions of the course before gluing the pallet against the poles of the ferromagnetic circuit. This approach does not measure the rest position of the pallet.
  • DE 197 06 106 also discloses an electromagnetic actuator having a position sensor.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide an actuator of the type defined above provided with means for determining the rest position of the pallet accurately.
  • an actuator whose rod or housing carries a bar with radial magnetization of length at least equal to the travel of the pallet and whose housing or the rod carries at least one magnetic flux sensor placed in a zone d weak exposure to the field induced by the current passing in a coil.
  • This sensor may especially be a Hall sensor.
  • a Hall effect sensor has a substantially linear response as a function of the field, which makes it possible to follow the displacement of the magnet by measuring the output signal. Furthermore the drift of this sensor, thermal or aging, is slow which allows to perform only periodic recalibrations to identify the signal corresponding to the middle position of the pallet.
  • the bar can be attached to the rod, which facilitates the needs of the sensor. To reduce sensitivity to alternate accelerations, the layout can be reversed.
  • the detector may comprise two sensors whose opposite directions are opposite, placed on either side of the rod, and a subtractor receiving the outputs of the two sensors.
  • a subtractor receiving the outputs of the two sensors.
  • the two sensors when carried by the housing, can be placed side by side on the same silicon substrate, ferro-magnetic circuits reducing the flux taken on either side of the rod each to a sensor respective and a subtractor receiving the outputs of the two sensors.
  • the bar can be on the rod and the sensor on the housing.
  • the arrangement can be reversed, to take into account the fragility of the magnets.
  • the actuator 10 shown in FIG. 1 is of the type described in application FR 98 12940 and intended to control a motor valve. It comprises a housing intended to be mounted on the cylinder head 12 of an engine, consisting of several parts stacked and assembled by means not shown, such as screws. These parts are non-ferromagnetic material, for example light alloy.
  • the housing can be fixed on the yoke 12 by means of a shim 20 also of non-ferromagnetic material.
  • the actuator comprises a movable pallet 22 of ferromagnetic material, advantageously laminated to reduce losses. It is fixed on a rod 24 driving the valve 25.
  • the pallet has a rectangular shape and can not rotate in the housing.
  • the rod 24 may be guided by a ring 26 fixed to an annular extension or chimney of the housing.
  • Two return springs 28a and 28b are provided to maintain the valve at rest in a substantially median position between the closed position and the full open position of the valve.
  • the spring 28a is compressed between a plate 30 fixed to the rod 24 and unrepresented means for adjusting the compression of the spring.
  • the other spring 28b is compressed between a plate 31 fixed to the valve stem and the bottom of the valve well formed in the cylinder head.
  • the actuator can also be used with a single spring working in traction / compression and supplemented with an elastic damper sealing the closure of the valve, as shown in French Patent No. 98 11 670, which allows make the stem and valve stem one piece.
  • the housing contains a circuit made of ferromagnetic material 36, advantageously laminated, delimiting a ferromagnetic circuit with the pallet, and a coil 38 placed in the core.
  • the circuit shown may be in two complementary parts, supported against each other or in one piece.
  • the constituent plates of each half of the core are in E.
  • the upper branches 42 of the E engage in the coil 36 which they support by means of a mandrel 44.
  • the other two branches of each half delimit a volume of movement of the pallet.
  • the support of the pallet against the bottom 46 of the volume defines the fully open position of the valve.
  • the ceiling 48 of the volume is at a location relative to the valve seat such that the support of the frame does not prevent the valve from closing.
  • the assembly constituted by the pallet, the valve and the spring constitutes an oscillating system having a natural frequency.
  • the coil In steady state, the coil is fed to bring the moving equipment in an extreme position and then under a lower holding current; then it causes the displacement of the moving equipment in the other direction, until supported, by removing the current, then recovery when the pallet has reached a position such that it is attracted to the other pole.
  • the current in the coil can be controlled by means of a regulation loop, by the method described in application 98 12940, at the end of the stroke of the pallet.
  • the natural dissymmetry of the upper flow circuit with respect to the lower flow circuit can be accentuated by giving different inclinations to the upper and lower polar surfaces and to the facing surfaces of the pallet.
  • the actuator a part of which is shown in FIG. 2 comprises a device for adjusting the rest position of the pallet by acting on the compression of the spring 28a.
  • This device consists of a toothed wheel 50 bearing against the housing and a threaded ring 52 retained in rotation by a sliding keyway on the housing and receiving the compressive force of the spring 28a. By rotating the wheel from the outside, using means which may be those described in the patent application FR 99 05206, it is possible to adjust the rest position of the pallet with respect to the housing.
  • a sensor for measuring the position of the rod, and therefore of the pallet, with respect to the housing comprises a magnetic bar 54 fixed to the rod 24 and placed opposite a magnetic flux sensor 56, which will generally be a sensor. Hall effect, fixed to the chimney of the case.
  • the bar has an axial length L1 at least equal to the displacement of the pallet and has a radial magnetization, so that the lines of force of the field that it creates when the sensor is facing the center of the bar has the appearance indicated in FIG. 2. If the rod is non-magnetic, the metal part of the rod can be separated from the bar by a fur 58 of ferromagnetic material guide the lines of force.
  • the sensor 56 is framed by two plates 60 of ferro-magnetic material which channel the flow axially. The axial length of the wafer on either side of the sensor is of the same order as the length L1 of the bar.
  • the output wires 62 of the sensor 56 can be placed in a groove of the chimney.
  • the bar can be fixed directly on a flat part of the rod.
  • the azimuthal plane in which the detector is placed is chosen so that the direction induced by the coil is weak.
  • the symmetry of the magnetic circuit makes this field virtually zero in the plane of FIG.
  • the magnet bar 54 is in three successive sections having inverted radial magnetizations when passing from one section to the next, which makes it possible to follow more precisely the displacement of the pallet of the makes the larger flux generated by the magnet.
  • the bar has three magnetized zones differently.
  • magnets whose residual field remains strong (greater than 1 Tesla) even at high temperature make it possible to further increase the flux in the probe and the useful signal / disturbance ratio from the coils.
  • each actuator is likely to disturb the sensor of an adjacent actuator which is in an orientation around the axis of the stem favorable from the point of view of the internal disturbances, but unfavorable from the point of view of the disturbances caused by an adjacent actuator.
  • the effect of such an actuator can be practically eliminated with a differential assembly such as that shown in FIG. 4, having sensors placed symmetrically with respect to the rod, receiving substantially the same flux of the same actuator or an adjacent actuator and biased to provide useful signals of opposite polarities.
  • Both sensors 56a and 56b have opposite polarities.
  • Their output signals are applied to the two inputs of an analog subtractor 66 whose output S provides a doubled useful signal, while the residual error due to external disturbances no longer contains the common-mode error when the two sensors receive the same signal. same disturbing field.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator, umfassend in einem Gehäuse einen ferromagnetischen Kreis, der einen Zwischenraum bildet für einen axialen Anschlag einer Platte (22) aus ferromagnetischen Material, die von einer Stange zwischen zwei Anschlagpositionen der Platte an Polen des ferromagnetischen Kreises axial angetrieben wird,
    elastische Rücklaufmittel (28a, 28b), die vorgesehen sind, um die Platte in einer Mittelposition zwischen den Endpositionen in Ruhelage zu halten, und mindestens eine Spule, die vom Magnetkreis getragen wird und ermöglicht, die Platte abwechselnd in die zwei Positionen zu bewegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stange oder das Gehäuse einen Stab (54) mit radialer Magnetisierung trägt, der mindestens so lang ist wie der Anschlag der Platte, und dass das Gehäuse (14) oder die Stange mindestens eine Magnetfeldsonde (56) trägt, die in einem Bereich, der in geringem Maß dem von der oder den Spulen erzeugten Feld ausgesetzt ist, derart angeordnet ist, dass sie einen Positionsgeber bildet.
  2. Aktuator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sonde eine Hall-Sonde ist.
  3. Aktuator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine einzige Spule (38) hat, die auf einem ferromagnetischen Kreis angebracht ist, der so gebaut ist, dass er in Verbindung mit der Platte zwei stabile Magnetflusswege aufweist, die beide einem Null-Wert des Luftspalts zwischen der Platte und dem ferromagnetischen Kreis entsprechen.
  4. Aktuator nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sonde (56) in die durch die Achse der Platte verlaufende Symmetrieebene des Magnetkreises angeordnet ist.
  5. Aktuator nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine einzige Spule; eine Lamellenplatte und Polflächen hat, die abgeschrägt und parallel zu den gegenüberliegenden Flächen der Platte sind.
  6. Aktuator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zwei Spulen hat, die in Ebenen, die orthogonal zur Bewegungsachse sind, gerichtet sind und, dass die Anschlussenden der Spulen magnetisch abgeschirmt sind.
  7. Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetstab (54) drei aufeinanderfolgende Abschnitte hat, deren radiale Magnetisierungen sich umkehren, wenn man von einem Abschnitt zum nächsten übergeht.
  8. Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stab drei verschiedene magnetisierte Zonen umfasst.
  9. Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material des Stabs ein remantes Feld von mehr als 1 Tesla bei erhöhter Temperatur hat.
  10. Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stange aus magnetischem Material besteht, und der Magnetstab (54) auf einer Hülse (58) zur Rückleitung des Magnetflusses befestigt ist.
  11. Aktuator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stange ferromagnetisch ist, und der Magnetstab an einer Abflachung der Stange angebracht ist.
  12. Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines Aktuators nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    - man die Platte durch Erregung einer oder der Spule in eine ihrer Endpositionen bringt und das Ausgangssignal der Sonde misst,
    - die Platte in die andere Endposition bringt und das Ausgangssignal der Sonde misst, und
    - ausgehend von den gemessenen Signalen das der Mittelposition der Platte entsprechende Ausgangssignal bestimmt.
EP00920842A 1999-04-23 2000-04-19 Linearer elektromagnetischer aktor mit einem positionsgeber Expired - Lifetime EP1173659B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9905203A FR2792765B1 (fr) 1999-04-23 1999-04-23 Actionneur lineaire electromagnetique a capteur de position
FR9905203 1999-04-23
PCT/FR2000/001022 WO2000065204A1 (fr) 1999-04-23 2000-04-19 Actionneur lineaire electromagnetique a capteur de position

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1173659A1 EP1173659A1 (de) 2002-01-23
EP1173659B1 true EP1173659B1 (de) 2006-05-17

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EP00920842A Expired - Lifetime EP1173659B1 (de) 1999-04-23 2000-04-19 Linearer elektromagnetischer aktor mit einem positionsgeber

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6819208B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1173659B1 (de)
JP (2) JP2002543746A (de)
KR (1) KR100730392B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60028026T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2263468T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2792765B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000065204A1 (de)

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DE102007047728A1 (de) 2007-10-05 2008-11-06 Rudolf Huttary Verbrennungsmaschine mit variabler synchroner Gaswechselsteuerung

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EP1173659A1 (de) 2002-01-23
WO2000065204A1 (fr) 2000-11-02
US6819208B1 (en) 2004-11-16
DE60028026D1 (de) 2006-06-22
FR2792765A1 (fr) 2000-10-27
FR2792765B1 (fr) 2001-07-27
JP2002543746A (ja) 2002-12-17
KR100730392B1 (ko) 2007-06-20
JP2010193709A (ja) 2010-09-02
ES2263468T3 (es) 2006-12-16
KR20020007388A (ko) 2002-01-26
DE60028026T2 (de) 2006-12-21

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