Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
  • B02C4/28—Details
  • B02C4/32—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members
  • B02C4/34—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members in mills wherein a roller co-operates with a stationary member
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
  • B02C4/28—Details
  • B02C4/32—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members

Definitions

• Another type of known stone breaking machine is the pulveriser.
• This type of machine comprises a rotating drum having a plurality of pivotally mounted blades extending radially from the periphery of the drum. These blades impact on stones passing through the machine and cause large stones to be broken up into small pieces.
• its drum must operate at high speed. This results in a large amount of small stone particles being produced, commonly known as fines. Disposing of fines is very difficult, because of the limited use there is for them. Whilst there is a tendency to recycle concrete, bricks, stone, building blocks etc by crushing to form rubble, there is a problem in using pulverisers because they create a large amount of unusable material.
• the anvil is preferably mounted from a housing so that its crushing means is at an acute angle the vertical.
• the anvil may be pivotally mounted in the housing, prefera- bly being mounted on a shaft extending from one side of the housing to the other, each end of the shaft being mounted in a bush or bearing.
• Each crushing means may comprise a plurality of teeth.
• the teeth may be defined by a corrugation extending along the outer surface in the direction of its rotation.
• the corrugations may be triangular in cross-section, the apex of the triangle pointing outwards to define the crushing face.
• the polygonal drum and the anvil may be mounted in the housing so that their corrugations or teeth mesh or intercalate.
• the drum may comprise a frame having plates which are mounted on each side of the polygon to form the crushing means. These plates may have teeth and/or corru- gations formed integrally therein and may be cast or forged.
• a grid may be mounted in a housing underneath the or each polygonal drum.
• This grid is preferably sufficiently strong to act as a secondary crusher with the polygonal drum beneath which it is mounted.
• the rotary crusher may be provided with an engine which drives the polygonal drum or drums, if required through a gearbox.
• the rotary crusher of the invention may be used for crushing a wide variety of substances and objects. It is particularly useful in re-cycling where the purity of the supply cannot be guaranteed.
• Figure 5 is a schematic side elevation of another form of rotary crusher:
• Figure 6 is a plan of the rotary crusher shown in Figure 5;
• Figure 1 1 is a plan of a further form of rotary crusher
• Figure 12 is a section along the line 12 - 12 in Figure 10;
• Figure 1 3 is similar to Figure 12 but illustrates the crushing of gravity fed material, and
• Figure 14 is also similar to Figure 12 but illustrates the crushing of a horizontally fed reinforced concrete beam.
• the drums 22 and 23 are made up of a frame comprising steel structural mem- bers, and plates forming the outer crushing faces of the drum.
• the plates are removably attachable to the frame for easy replacement or repair.
• the plates may be cast or forged, and have integral teeth 24.
• a plurality of plates may be provided to define each crushing surface.
• the benefit of providing removably mounted plates is that as they wear they can be replaced, without the need to replace the whole drum 22 or 23. Where the drum is particularly large, it may be desirable to provide a number of plates for each section for ease of handling. Also, the crushing face may become damaged in an isolated area, and as such being able to replace only a part of the crushing surface saves cost.
• the drums 22 and 23 are driven so that they rotate at the same speed, but in opposite directions, as indicated by arrows "x" and "y” respectively. In order to syn- chronise the rotation of the drums 22 and 23, rotary motion of one drum is transmitted to the other by gears.
• the drum 22 is mounted on the shaft 25 which is supported by bearings 39 which are themselves mounted on the walls of the housing 21.
• the second crushing means is provided by an anvil 40 having teeth or corrugations 41 projecting towards the teeth or corrugations 24 on the drum 22.
• One end of the anvil 40 is attached to a shaft 42 which is rotatably mounted in bearings 43 carried the housing 21.
• a leaf spring 45 comprising four leaves, is secured to the shaft 44 by an integral flange 46 and a nut 47.
• the free ends of the longest leaf project through apertures 48 in the housing 21 (see Figure 7) and abut spacer blocks 49 which are carried by the housing 21 and react against respective flanges 50 projecting outwardly of the housing 21.
• Each spacer block 49 is held in place by a key 51 which engages with a slot, and by bolts 53 which can be adjusted to permit or prevent its removal.
• the ends of the leaf spring 45 are located by a stepped portion 54 if each spacer block 49 to prevent the leaf spring from moving vertically.
• the shaft 25 is driven by an engine 55 through a gearbox 56 using any suitable drive mechanism.
• FIGs 1 1 and 12 illustrate an elaboration of the crusher that has already been described with reference to Figures 5 to 7, and the same reference numerals are again used to identify equivalent components, only the points of difference being described.
• the drum 22 is shown in much greater detail and it will be seen that the teeth 24 are provided by lengths of V-section steel welded together to form the drum 22 which is directly driven by an hydraulic motor 57 secured to the housing 21.
• the crusher is provided with two anvils 40 which are both pivoted from the housing 21 about respective horizontal shafts 42.
• the spacing between each anvil 40 and the drum 22 is controlled by respective cross bars 58 which are located in slots 59 in the housing 21 , and are controlled by respective hydraulic rams 60.
• the left-hand anvil 40 is inclined downwards at an acute angle in the same way as illustrated in Figure 5, whereas the right-hand anvil 40 is dis- posed generally horizontally to receive material fed horizontally by conveyor 61.
• the hydraulic motor 57 is operated by an unshown hydraulic circuit which is arranged, in any convenient manner known in the art, to rotate the drum 22 in either direction and at a speed selected by an operative of the crusher.
• the hydraulic circuit would include an accumulator to enable variations in the speed of the drum 22, caused by variations in the crushing force, to be tolerated.
• Figure 1 3 illustrates the operation of the crusher of Figures 1 1 and 12 for breaking up a gravity feed of material M into smaller pieces which fall into a chute 62 positioned to deliver the processed material onto a conveyor, such as the conveyor 35 shown in Figure 5. It will be noted that the drum 22 is driven anti-clockwise and that the lower portion of the anvil 40 is positioned so that the discharge of crushed material will fall cleanly into the chute 62.
• FIG 14 also illustrates the operation of the crusher that has been described with reference to Figures 1 1 and 12, but shows its use in breaking up a reinforced concrete beam 63 which is fed into the crusher by the conveyor 61.
• the drum 22 is rotated clockwise and crushes the reinforced concrete beam 63 against the horizontal anvil 40 as shown.
• the action of the crusher is to promote cracks in the reinforced concrete beam 63 as shown, the transverse offset between the corrugations 24 of the drum 22, and the corrugations 41 of the horizontal anvil 40, serving to produce a bending load on the cracked beam transverse to the direction in which it is fed into the crusher.
• the anvil or anvils 40 could be fixed to the casing 21 and the rotor 22 be adjustably mounted from the casing 21.
• such adjustment of the position of drum 22 relative to the housing 21 is beneficial as it simplifies the mounting of the anvils 40 from the casing 21 and reduces the number of hydraulic rams necessary to control the position of shaft 25 relative to the housing 21.
• the action of the drum 22 additionally serves to sweep the crushed material clear of the crushing area. In this manner the crushers taught by the present invention can handle difficult materials such as tarmac and wood.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
• Steroid Compounds (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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• 1998
  • 1998-08-29 GB GBGB9818997.0A patent/GB9818997D0/en not_active Ceased
• 1999
  • 1999-08-31 EP EP99943046A patent/EP1189701B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-08-31 WO PCT/GB1999/002705 patent/WO2000012216A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-08-31 DE DE69915388T patent/DE69915388D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-08-31 AU AU56332/99A patent/AU5633299A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-08-31 AT AT99943046T patent/ATE260712T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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