EP1205897A2 - Automatische Erfassung von Verkehrsinformationen in einem Fahrzeug mittels einer Anordnung auf der Strassenoberfläche - Google Patents

Automatische Erfassung von Verkehrsinformationen in einem Fahrzeug mittels einer Anordnung auf der Strassenoberfläche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1205897A2
EP1205897A2 EP01204231A EP01204231A EP1205897A2 EP 1205897 A2 EP1205897 A2 EP 1205897A2 EP 01204231 A EP01204231 A EP 01204231A EP 01204231 A EP01204231 A EP 01204231A EP 1205897 A2 EP1205897 A2 EP 1205897A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
information
road
board system
crests
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01204231A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1205897A3 (de
Inventor
Marco Sarti
Marzia Sarti
Arianna Sarti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1205897A2 publication Critical patent/EP1205897A2/de
Publication of EP1205897A3 publication Critical patent/EP1205897A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096716—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/30—Arrangements interacting with transmitters or receivers otherwise than by visible means, e.g. using radar reflectors or radio transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
    • G08G1/0175—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/09675—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where a selection from the received information takes place in the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096783—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a roadside individual element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to automatic data acquisition by a system for detecting, acquiring, elaborating and recording data installed on-board of a travelling vehicle. More particularly the invention relates to systems supporting instrumental use of driving licenses in the form of electronic cards, that may be inserted in a suitable card reader coupled to the system present on-board of a vehicle and on which data such as fines or other sanctions may eventually be inviolably recorded.
  • mark license is a special driving license endowed with a certain credit of marks upon issuance, a credit that is progressively decremented whenever certain infractions relating to particularly dangerous behaviors are committed by the driver. Should the credit of marks be completely exhausted, the driving license is automatically suspended for a certain period of time or, in certain circumstances, is revoked.
  • the method of the invention consists in establishing a digital coding of the information to be acquired by the on-board system of a vehicle, providing such an on-board system with at least a dynamic sensor, such as for example an accelerometer, a pressure sensor of the fluid of at least a shock absorber of the suspensions of the vehicle, an acoustic sensor or equivalent capable of detecting vibrations or similar solicitations of the vehicle or more preferably of its suspensions, and in laying across the carriageway or the lanes of a certain direction, a number of parallel crests or ridges spaced from one another according to a scheme reproducing a binary code corresponding to a certain information that must be acquired by the on-board system, according to said pre-established coding.
  • a dynamic sensor such as for example an accelerometer, a pressure sensor of the fluid of at least a shock absorber of the suspensions of the vehicle, an acoustic sensor or equivalent capable of detecting vibrations or similar solicitations of the vehicle or more preferably of its suspensions, and in laying
  • Such a dynamic sensor installed on the vehicle is ordinarily coupled to an analog and/or digital filtering circuit and to detecting circuits for generating corresponding logic signals that may be processed by the system.
  • the system monitors the binary pattern of the transversal crests or ridges from the time-base pattern of vibrations provoked on the vehicle when the wheel pass over them and when eventually recognizes a significative sequence acquires the corresponding information.
  • the system processes the so acquired datum and may issue an alertment signal to the driver and/or store the acquired datum in a RAM buffer of the system.
  • the system updates the value with which the actual speed of the vehicle must be compared. Should the speed exceeds the speed limit in force on the road, the system warns the driver that its speed is excessive for example by an acoustic and/or an optical signal.
  • the system may also, at the same time, start a timer.
  • the system may generate a second acoustic or optical signal for warning the driver that, should the speed not be reduced, the system will, after a second pre-established time has elapsed from the issuance of the warning, record in a permanent and inviolable way, the occurred infraction of the speed limit on the electronic driving license that is inside the card read/write device.
  • the shape of the parallel crests or ridges spaced according to the adopted digital coding may be of any suitable type.
  • the crests may be made of any wear and with resistant material capable of withstanding the stresses caused by the traffic passing on them.
  • a continuous ribbon of artificial rubber or of any other extrudible plastic material may be produced.
  • a number of parallel and properly spaced crests provide a binary code corresponding to the information or spread limit value according to the adopted binary encoding.
  • Segments of extruded ribbon long as the width of the carriageway or of the lanes, may be cut from a continuous ribbon that can be fabricated in rolls of great length.
  • the piece of ribbon set transversally on the carriageway may be secured with nails or equivalent fasteners and/or glued onto the asphalt coat of the carriageway.
  • the ribbon so set across the cariageway constitutes the passive means for relaying the information to the dynamic detection system installed on vehicles passing over the coded sequence of crests realized on the upper face of the extruded ribbon.
  • the particular information that is digitally encoded on the extruded ribbon and the necessary indications for laying it across the road may be permanently printed on each ribbon in natural language or with appropriate symbols. For instance, arrows indicating the direction whit which the vehicles must pass over the encoded profile may be printed on the ribbon, making it suitable to the handled and laid even by unqualified.
  • the device for acquiring the information that is dynamically transmitted by the passive means to the on-board system on the vehicle may be realized with analog and/or digital circuits and devices.
  • the latter embodiment is preferable because of the intrinsic compatibility of digital circuits with modem processing, storing and data recording techniques.
  • the dynamic transducer for instance a commercial accelerometer, may provide another analog output signal or a digital signal, for example a PWM signal.
  • transducers such as accelerometers, pressure sensors or equivalent dynamic transducers generate an analog signal
  • the signal may be suitably filtered and converted in a digital signal according to common techniques that are similar, under certain aspects, to the techniques used for the read channels of mass data storage devices employing magnetic pickups.
  • the clock signal used to "read” the digital signal obtained by the dynamic sensor will have a frequency that is strictly correlated (directly proportional) to the instantaneous speed of the vehicle.
  • the clock will always provide a correct time based for discriminating the information content of the sequence of peaks (for example corresponding to logic high or “ones” alternated with valleys corresponding to a logic low or “zeroes”), irrespectively from the speed with which the vehicle wheels roll over the encoded pattern of parallel crests disposed transversally to the carriageway.
  • the binary encoding of the information to be automatically acquired by the system installed in the vehicle upon passing over the encoded sequence of crests and troughs may be of any type capable of allowing an easy discrimination of the information.
  • the encoding system may be based on a single byte of information constituted by eight bits.
  • the encoded carpet or ribbon laid on the road surface may have a maximum number of eight parallel crests equally spaced among them by a certain "guard" distance, representing a byte constituted by eight bits all equal to a logic "one".
  • Information may be encoded using in the most appropriate manner the available bits. For instance, information may be encoded using a certain number or core of "inner" bits, that is a certain pattern of the inner crests while reserving at least the two extreme bit locations for discriminating (elimination) an eventual indetermination.
  • the ribbon encoding the value of the speed limit inside the urban area may be placed transversally on the whole carriageway that is across all lanes of both directions.
  • the one or two "outer" bits that are first read in the time base by the system of a vehicle entering the zone with a urban speed limit makes the system update and record the new speed limit.
  • the system of a vehicle travelling in the opposite direction onto the same ribbon containing the information of the speed limit will read the same bit as the least significant bit of the sequence.
  • the system will read the sequence of bits in the opposite order that is the reciprocal of the code that is read between entering the urban area and will update the speed limit in force accordingly, for example reistating the same speed limit that was entered the area with such a urban speed limit.
  • the same encoded ribbon placed transversally the whole carriageway may mark the beginning of a zone with a certain speed limit, if crossed in a certain direction, or the end of such a zone if crossed in the opposite direction.
  • This arrangement practically vanifies any attempt of dodging the ribbon (should the traffic permits it) to prevent the on-board system from acquiring the urban speed limit, particularly in the case of a state or provincial road with an undivided carriageway.
  • the sequence of dynamic pulses is impressed onto the vehicle at least twice consecutively, when the front wheels and the back wheels roll over the crests.
  • the system may even exploit such a repetition for encoding the information to be read or for implementing redundancy or double check techniques for making negligible the probability of false readings.
  • An advantageous characteristic of the system of the invention is that it is suitable to implement redundancies when it is necessary or useful that an information (for instance an urban speed limit) be read in a substantially failproof manner by vehicles travelling through a certain area.
  • the sequence of encoded profiles may be placed onto the lanes of an urban road even in a repetitive manner, especially on approaching schools, kindergartens and alike sites.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a possible embodiment of the passive means of this invention for transferring information to a system installed on a travelling road vehicle.
  • the passive means 1 contain the encoded information of the speed limit being enforced upon entering the urban zone while travelling a two single lane road, not separated by any traffic divider.
  • the passive means 1 for transmitting the information of the speed limit may conveniently be placed transversally across the entire carriageway.
  • a carpet or extruded rubber ribbon 1 with the same coded crests is transversally laid and fixed onto the road surfacing as shown in Fig. 1, (for example one at the beginning and another at the end of the built in area obviously installed in opposite orientations on the carriageway congruently with the direction of entering and of exiting the area).
  • the carpet 1 may be produced by extruding a synthetic material resistant to wear and tear and weather-resistant.
  • a suitable material for fabricating a continuous ribbon may be a high wear resistance artificial rubber, such as the one used for soles of shoes or boots, for example the product known as Vibram® produced by the homonymous Italian company.
  • the encoded information and the correct orientation of laying onto a carriageway may be printed during the fabrication of the encoded carpet, as shown by the arrow and the number 50 printed at regular intervals in a flat e zone of the carpet of Fig. 1.
  • the crests 2 may be several millimeters large and several millimeter tall, from the planes face of the carpet.
  • Modern accelerometers or sensors of pressure of the fluid of at least a shock absorber of the suspensions of a vehicle, and even other types of functionally equivalent dynamic sensors have a sensitivity for perfectly reading the code pattern of the sequence of dynamic pulses or vibrations that are pattern impressed onto a vehicle when its wheels roll over the carpet with encoded crests even if such crests are just few millimeters tall, for example in a relatively low range of 2 and 5 millimeters.
  • the crests that encode the information to be acquired, processed, read and eventually stored by the on-board system of the vehicle are present or missing in precisely pre-established positions.
  • Each bit location is spaced from another adjacent bit location by a certain "guard" distance, whose constant value may be of one or more centimeters, that is preferably of an order of magnitude greater than the width (dimensions) of the crests themselves.
  • a sufficiently ample interval or guard “distance” facilitates recognition of the pattern of dynamic pulses (on a time scale corresponding to the speed of the vehicle) encoding the information to be dynamically read by the accelerometer or by the pressure sensor or by any other equivalent dynamic sensor installed on-board of the vehicle, either upstream or downstream of the suspensions of the vehicle.
  • the predetermined spacing of the bits is functional to the establishment of a time base for reading the encoded data, independently from the speed of the vehicle passing over the carpet with the coded ridges.
  • the system installed in the vehicle generates a read clock that varies its frequency in function of the instantaneous speed of the vehicle, thus providing for the necessary time base for reading and discriminating the automatically acquired data independently from the speed with which the vehicle passes over the passive means.
  • the carpet with encoded crests 1 may be fixed firmly on the surfacing of the carriageway by adhesives and/or by a plurality of nails 3, bolts, brackets or any other functionally equivalent fastener.
  • the carpet with encoded crests of the invention 1 is fixed across the whole carriageway and thus is crossed by traffic in both directions.
  • this is not an essential or common condition because the encoded carpet may be ordinarily placed transversally only on the lanes in a certain direction of traffic, for example on a divided carriageway and be significantly readable only when crossed in the intended direction.
  • the logic signal that is extracted from the signal output by the dynamic sensor for example through a common peak detecting circuit followed by an analog/digital converter is also shown in Fig. 2.
  • the unshaded bands identify, in respect to the physical profile of the carpet 1 with encoded crests 2, the position of each bit (in the depicted example there are eight bits) on a time base, constituting the byte of information.
  • the data that may be read by the dynamic automatic detection system installed in a vehicle are depicted in Fig. 2.
  • the vehicle may pass over the coded pattern of crests in the direction of the arrow IN of the Fig. 1, that is it may be entering the area in which the speed limit of 50 Km/h is in force or it may pass over it travelling in the direction of the arrow OUT of Fig 1, that is it may be leaving the urban area.
  • the dynamic detection system installed in the vehicle will read a respective digital datum, as indicated in Fig. 2.
  • the system installed on the vehicle a functional basic diagram of which is depicted in Fig. 3, reads the new value of the speed limit in force in the urban area upon entering it thus passing over the encoded carpet in the direction of the arrow IN of Fig. 1. Consequently, the system updates the reference speed value with which the instantaneous speed of the vehicle, provided by common speed measuring devices of the vehicle, is continuously compared.
  • the system may eventually generate an acoustic and/or optical alerting signal to inform the driver that the current speed is exceeding the speed limit in force.
  • the system may also start a timer counting a certain time interval at the expiration of which the driver is warned acoustically and/or visually of the fact that should he fail to reduce the speed, the system will issue a sanction, recording it in an inviolable manner on the electronic driving license card present in the read/write device.
  • the issued sanction will be permanently recorded in a nonvolatile memory buffer of the electronic driving license card (that functions also as ignition key of the engine) of the driver.
  • Enacted laws accounting for the use of electronic driving licenses on which sanctions may be automatically be recorded according to this invention may contemplate that the driver be obliged to pay a commensurate fine by a certain deadline date whenever incurring in an automatically issued sanction.
  • Road patrol and policemen may at any time check the driving license by inserting it in a read/write device reading and eventually printing the data stored in it. In this way, any unpaid fine would manifest and the officer may fill in an infraction report or take other legally established actions.
  • the systems installed on-board of vehicles may even be provided with suitable automatic means for transmitting via radio eventual sanctions issued on a certain driving license to a control center that may monitor the timely payment of fines and eventually take the preordered actions.
  • a self-sanctioning system may effectively implement in a substantially automatic way even the "limited credit mark licenses".
  • An appropriate algorithm reflecting the criteria established by law implemented by the on-board system may automatically suspend the driving license, if the national laws contemplate such a sanction once plural infractions or traffic regulation of certain kinds are recorded on the electronic driving license during a certain period of time.
  • the on-board system of the vehicle may signal the validity status of the electronic patent currently inserted in the read/write device of the system.
  • the driver may be constantly informed of the fact that should he incur in one or more sanctions of a certain kind, as issued in a fully automatic way by system itself, his driving license will be suspended for a pre-established period of time (or even revoked).
  • the system disable the electronic driving license, preventing it from being used again as ignition key of any engine, as long as the period of suspension has expired, or definitely in case of revocation.
  • the state of suspension or of revocation would be detectable at any check of the driving license by a road patrol or police officer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
EP01204231A 2000-11-08 2001-11-06 Automatische Erfassung von Verkehrsinformationen in einem Fahrzeug mittels einer Anordnung auf der Strassenoberfläche Withdrawn EP1205897A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000036A ITVA20000036A1 (it) 2000-11-08 2000-11-08 Sistema di acquisizione automatica di informazioni pertinenti a divieti e/o avvisi al conducente di un veicolo mediante mezzi passivi.
ITVA000036 2000-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1205897A2 true EP1205897A2 (de) 2002-05-15
EP1205897A3 EP1205897A3 (de) 2003-09-17

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EP01204231A Withdrawn EP1205897A3 (de) 2000-11-08 2001-11-06 Automatische Erfassung von Verkehrsinformationen in einem Fahrzeug mittels einer Anordnung auf der Strassenoberfläche

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EP (1) EP1205897A3 (de)
IT (1) ITVA20000036A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1414001A1 (de) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-28 Didier Gérard Martzel Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Beachtens der Verkehrsregeln eines Fahrers
ITBO20080701A1 (it) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-21 Elio Pedarzini Sistema di sicurezza integrato
US9028318B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2015-05-12 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US9633511B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2017-04-25 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US10186106B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2019-01-22 Igt Gaming system and method for determining awards based on interacting symbols

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9214067B2 (en) 2012-09-06 2015-12-15 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a streaming symbols game
US8992301B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2015-03-31 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US8851979B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2014-10-07 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a symbol elimination game
US8784191B1 (en) 2013-03-07 2014-07-22 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a symbol elimination game

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3044043A (en) * 1958-07-21 1962-07-10 Gen Motors Corp Vehicle signalling apparatus for warning of approaching road conditions
FR2569030A1 (fr) * 1984-08-07 1986-02-14 Deforeit Christian Procede de transmission d'informations sonores dans un vehicule circulant sur une route, et systeme de modulation en relief d'une surface de roulement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0588049B1 (de) * 1992-08-17 1999-01-20 THOMSON multimedia Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Geschwindigkeitsüberschreitung eines sich bewegenden Objektes
US6014595A (en) * 1997-12-23 2000-01-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Determination of vehicle assistance from vehicle vibration that results when the vehicle contacts vibration generating structures on the road
IT1306602B1 (it) * 1998-05-19 2001-06-18 Graziano Baldinotti Sistema per segnalare agli autisti informazioni di diverso genere conuno o piu' lettori ottici posizionati sull'auto e con codici a barre
JP2000067375A (ja) * 1998-08-20 2000-03-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 道路表示検知システム
US6259374B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2001-07-10 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation Passive pavement-mounted acoustical linguistic drive alert system and method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1414001A1 (de) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-28 Didier Gérard Martzel Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Beachtens der Verkehrsregeln eines Fahrers
ITBO20080701A1 (it) * 2008-11-20 2010-05-21 Elio Pedarzini Sistema di sicurezza integrato
US9028318B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2015-05-12 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US9633511B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2017-04-25 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US9881459B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2018-01-30 Igt Gaming system and method for providing a game which populates symbols along a path
US10186106B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2019-01-22 Igt Gaming system and method for determining awards based on interacting symbols

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1205897A3 (de) 2003-09-17
ITVA20000036A1 (it) 2002-05-08

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