EP1221497A2 - Procédé d'inhibition de tâches à la surface de produits en aluminium - Google Patents

Procédé d'inhibition de tâches à la surface de produits en aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1221497A2
EP1221497A2 EP02002994A EP02002994A EP1221497A2 EP 1221497 A2 EP1221497 A2 EP 1221497A2 EP 02002994 A EP02002994 A EP 02002994A EP 02002994 A EP02002994 A EP 02002994A EP 1221497 A2 EP1221497 A2 EP 1221497A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminum
acid
water
product
exposed exterior
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02002994A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1221497A3 (fr
Inventor
Gary A. Nitowski
Raymond J. Colbert
Karl Wefers
Daniel D. Roup
Larry F. Wieserman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcoa Corp
Original Assignee
Alcoa Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcoa Corp filed Critical Alcoa Corp
Priority claimed from EP99930410A external-priority patent/EP1088119A2/fr
Publication of EP1221497A2 publication Critical patent/EP1221497A2/fr
Publication of EP1221497A3 publication Critical patent/EP1221497A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/167—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/02—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/03—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions containing phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
    • C23C22/20—Orthophosphates containing aluminium cations

Definitions

  • Water stains do not generally present problems for the structural properties and/or corrosion performance of an aluminum product
  • Aluminum surface discolorations that accompany water staining may discomfort some customers who are unfamiliar with the surface and corrosion properties of aluminum.
  • Customers already aware of the properties of cold rolled steel may mistakenly believe that water stains on aluminum are the onset of "rusting", similar to that found on steel.
  • stain inhibition would preserve the buffed finish and enhance customer satisfaction.
  • a simple, low-cost solution to inhibit water stain on aluminum could result in a higher degree of customer confidence in replacing steel with aluminum for their products.
  • aesthetics of these products is important to the end customer. Water stains are aesthetically unattractive and their elimination or reduction would be valuable to the owner whether it be an aluminum trailer, rail car, tool box or other aluminum product
  • organophosphonic acids in conjunction with aluminum arc known. These include U.S. Patent Nos. 4,957,890, 5,032,237, 5,059,258, 5,103,550, 5,124,022, 5,124,289, 5,126,210, 5,132,181, 5,238,715, 5,277,788 and 5,463,804. None of these, however, mention organophosphonic acids for the inhibition of stains, especially water stains, on aluminum surfaces. Most of the aforementioned patents describe aluminum surface pretreatments that enhance the durability of organic coatings or adhesively bonded joints. They do not describe the use of organophosphonics without a topcoat.
  • This invention addresses a low cost method for inhibiting water staining on 5000 Series, or 5XXX, aluminum alloys, most notably 5083-H32l and 5454-H32 aluminum (Aluminum Association designations). Such alloys are used to make rail hopper cars and buffed trailer tanks. Similar surprising and unexpected results have been observed when this method was practiced on 6000 Series aluminum alloys, like the 6061-T6 alloys used to make various products including vehicle wheels.
  • the stain inhibitor component can be delivered to the aluminum surfaces from various compositions used in the manufacttwe of aluminum parts, including but not limited to: aqueous suspensions or solutions; metal forming lubricants, and metal cleaning and/or rinsing formulations; a buffing compound or wax that incorporates the stain inhibitor, metal heat treatment quench waters, and/or post-rinsing polishers/sealants or the like.
  • aqueous suspensions or solutions including but not limited to: aqueous suspensions or solutions; metal forming lubricants, and metal cleaning and/or rinsing formulations; a buffing compound or wax that incorporates the stain inhibitor, metal heat treatment quench waters, and/or post-rinsing polishers/sealants or the like.
  • a buffing compound or wax that incorporates the stain inhibitor, metal heat treatment quench waters, and/or post-rinsing polishers/sealants or the like.
  • FIGURE shows the schematic formation and orientation of hydrolytically stable Al-O-P bonds of the stain inhibitor, octylphosphonic acid (OPA), as a reaction product with an oxidized aluminum surface for effecting the stain inhibition observed according to this invention.
  • OPA octylphosphonic acid
  • Chemical reaction of the inhibitor to the surface can also be achieved by changing the means of application or using a different solvent.
  • the surface ODPA inhibits access of water to the aluminum oxide and forms hydrolytically stable bonds with the oxide, thus inhibiting water staining.
  • ODPA is a commercial compound manufactured and sold by Albright & Wilson Ltd.
  • Working solution concentrations and surface coverages of this invention are relatively low, which results in low treatment costs of cents per square foot of Al plate or sheet product. The same would be true for other aluminum product forms, including castings, forgings and extrusions.
  • OPA octylphosphonic acid
  • Preliminary humidity test results show that OPA is highly effective for inhibiting stains on mill finish or buffed aluminum products without cleaning, pickling or pre-etching. After three hours at 50°C (125°F) and 100% relative humidity, the OPA treated surface was unstained, whereas "as-buffed", untreated surfaces were considerably stained.
  • a preferred carrier/solvent is an alcohol, more preferably 2-propanol or isopropanol.
  • Isopropanol is also beneficial in that its solvent action is believed to displace residual mill lubricants or buffing compounds and wet the surface aluminum resulting in the formation of Al-O-P bonds with the oxidized aluminum surface.
  • Isopropanol is also non-toxic.
  • the choice of solvent is not as critical. In many instances, water may be used to transport (or apply) such stain inhibitors.
  • organophosphonic acids may provide yet another mechanism for stain inhibition.
  • OPA or ODPA reacts on the Al surface
  • the reaction end product is believed to orient or align so that its hydrocarbon chains extend away from said surface.
  • a schematic representation of the bonding that is believed to take place is shown in the accompanying FIGURE.
  • the latter surface takes on a "hydrophobic" or non-wetting quality thereby further inhibiting the conversion of oxides to hydroxides (or effecting a water stain thereon).
  • longer chained organophosphonic acids become the preferred stain inhibitors for this invention.
  • a full (and not partial or non-uniform) haze on the aluminuin product surface may form. It is preferred that such haze be wiped away with a dry cloth to further enhance stain inhibition. On a less preferred basis, this haze may removed by rinsing the aluminum product's outer surface.
  • Certain classes of phosphorus oxo acids, acid esters, and acid salts are effective to various degrees in preventing water stains according to this invention.
  • Phosphate salts, phosphate esters, and phosphonic acids each impart some stain inhibition.
  • octadecylphosphonic (C-18) acid (ODPA) and several fluoro-phosphonic acids were not as effective as OPA (C-8) in inhibiting stains.
  • Poly(vinylphosphonic acid), and copolymers thereof, may work even better than OPA, but it is currently cost prohibitive to use in commercial quantities.
  • This invention can be used to improve the stain inhibition of numerous aluminum alloy surfaces, including various sheet or plate products, extrusions and forgings, regardless of whether such products have welded joints or other connections. It is best suited for any aluminum product that its purchaser, the end user/consumer, would prefer that said product "look good” (i.e. brighter, less stained, etc.) longer! This includes a whole family of building/architectural products, appliances, lighting supplies, and other household cosmetics like vertical blind stock. On a preferred basis, the method of this invention works well with 5000 and 6000 Series alloys (Aluminum Association designation). It should also enhance the stain inhibiting performance of products made from other aluminum alloys, including but not limited to 1000 and 3000 Series alloys.
  • a covered hopper trailer, made from 5454 aluminum Bulk Transportation Sheet (“BTS”) was treated with various applications according to the invention before being exposed to harsh, in-service conditions: from an aggressive environment of salt air due to seacoast proximity; and harsh winter conditions with numerous road salt applications.
  • Subsections of this hopper/tanker were treated as follows: (a) 1 wt.% solution of OPA, in isopropanol, was sprayed on the first section of tanker, dried to a film, water rinsed and air dried thereafter; (b) the same solution as above was sprayed onto another adjoining section of the same hopper/tanker, then dried to a film and wiped to an initial shine using cheesecloth; (c) for this section of hopper/tanker, the treatment material was 1 wt% OPA, suspended in water.
  • this water-based solution was allowed to sit on the product surface for about 10 minutes before being dried and wiped to a shine with cheesecloth.
  • the last comparative section of hopper/tanker was sprayed with a 5 wt.% solution of OPA, in water, before being allowed to sit for 10 minutes, then water rinsed and air dried.
  • a coil of 5182-H19 aluminum sheet was roll coated with a 5% aqueous suspension of OPA.
  • Phosphorus surface concentrations were measured on the treated surface using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). From previous bench scale tests, it was observed that phosphorus surface levels of about 2 Kcps were sufficient for inhibiting water staining. Phosphorus surface levels on the aforementioned sheet product were measured at about 10 Kcps, however.
  • Forged and polished truck wheels made from aluminum alloy 6061-T6 were treated with comparative solutions of 0.5 and 1 wt.% OPA in isopropanol.
  • the treated wheels were placed into a cabinet with condensing humidity set at 100°F.
  • the wheels were examined every hour for water stains.
  • the tests were stopped after 120 hours of humidity exposure.
  • Untreated wheels (as-polished) were substantially stained within 11 hours of humidity exposure.
  • the wheels that were treated with OPA, then buffed to shine lasted the longest without substantial water staining.
  • On certain OPA-treated wheels only a few small, widely dispersed spots were observed after 120 hours of exposure testing, but that level of staining was insignificant compared to the gross quantities of water staining observed on the untreated wheels after only 11 hours of humidity exposure.
  • Phosphorus compounds like those described above, were added to the quench waters used for making extruded tubes and rolled sheet from 6061-T6 alloy.
  • the aluminum product forms were heated to about 1000°F before being cold water quenched, said quenching solution containing various phosphorus compounds. Thereafter, these products were allowed to remain in the quench water for 24 hours.
  • FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP02002994A 1998-06-19 1999-06-18 Procédé d'inhibition de tâches à la surface de produits en aluminium Withdrawn EP1221497A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9001798P 1998-06-19 1998-06-19
US90017P 1998-06-19
US33567699A 1999-06-18 1999-06-18
EP99930410A EP1088119A2 (fr) 1998-06-19 1999-06-18 Procede d'inhibition de taches a la surface de produits en aluminium
US335676 1999-06-18

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99930410A Division EP1088119A2 (fr) 1998-06-19 1999-06-18 Procede d'inhibition de taches a la surface de produits en aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1221497A2 true EP1221497A2 (fr) 2002-07-10
EP1221497A3 EP1221497A3 (fr) 2003-12-03

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EP02002994A Withdrawn EP1221497A3 (fr) 1998-06-19 1999-06-18 Procédé d'inhibition de tâches à la surface de produits en aluminium

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2014798A1 (fr) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-14 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution et processus pour augmenter la soudabilité et la résistance à la corrosion du métal ou de la surface d'un alliage métallique
WO2010034553A1 (fr) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Passivation par refroidissement rapide de pièces en aluminium coulé sous pression
WO2010081833A2 (fr) 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution et procédé permettant d'améliorer la soudabilité et la résistance à la corrosion d'une surface en métal ou en alliage métallique

Family Cites Families (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2901821A (en) * 1955-11-18 1959-09-01 Detrex Chem Ind Aluminum coated with aluminum benzoate, and method and composition for making same
US3630790A (en) * 1969-05-13 1971-12-28 Dow Chemical Co Method of protection of metal surfaces from corrosion
US3985584A (en) * 1972-10-25 1976-10-12 Oakite Products, Inc. Metal protective coating compositions, their preparation and use
JPS5315687B2 (fr) * 1973-10-04 1978-05-26
DE2519132C3 (de) * 1974-05-02 1982-03-04 Fuji Sashi Industries Ldt., Kawasaki, Kanagawa Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung oberflächengeschützter stranggepreßter Formstücke aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen
JPS5273139A (en) * 1975-12-16 1977-06-18 Nippon Steel Corp Chemical conversion process for metallic material
JPS5854193B2 (ja) * 1976-12-07 1983-12-03 三井東圧化学株式会社 金属処理剤
EP0016298B1 (fr) * 1979-01-22 1983-08-17 Ball Corporation Solution pour conférer une resistance au ternissage à des surfaces d'aluminium et procédé d'application
JPS5839232B2 (ja) * 1980-05-12 1983-08-29 日本パ−カライジング株式会社 アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金表面の皮膜化成処理液
US4846898A (en) * 1988-05-05 1989-07-11 Amax Inc. Method of rendering aluminum base metal resistant to water staining
JPH0778280B2 (ja) * 1988-07-28 1995-08-23 株式会社日立製作所 金属の防食表面処理方法
JPH0266177A (ja) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-06 Kobe Steel Ltd アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金の熱水処理方法
US5059258A (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-10-22 Aluminum Company Of America Phosphonic/phosphinic acid bonded to aluminum hydroxide layer
US5132181A (en) * 1989-08-23 1992-07-21 Aluminum Company Of America Phosphonic/phosphinic acid bonded to aluminum hydroxide layer
AU647498B2 (en) * 1990-06-19 1994-03-24 Henkel Corporation Liquid composition and process for treating aluminium or tin cans to impart corrosion resistance and reduced friction coefficient
US5279677A (en) * 1991-06-17 1994-01-18 Coral International, Inc. Rinse aid for metal surfaces
US5463804A (en) * 1994-08-31 1995-11-07 Aluminum Company Of America Coating aluminum alloy sheet to promote adhesive bonding for vehicle assemblies
JP3544761B2 (ja) * 1995-10-13 2004-07-21 日本パーカライジング株式会社 アルミニウム含有金属材料用表面処理組成物および表面処理方法
US5601663A (en) * 1996-02-22 1997-02-11 General Motors Corporation Process for forming a black oxide on aluminum alloys and a solution therefor
GB2317177A (en) * 1996-09-13 1998-03-18 British Steel Plc Organic phosphonates and metal complexes thereof for use as coating agents and especially for pretreating steel

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2014798A1 (fr) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-14 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution et processus pour augmenter la soudabilité et la résistance à la corrosion du métal ou de la surface d'un alliage métallique
WO2009007122A1 (fr) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-15 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution et procédé permettant d'augmenter l'aptitude au brasage et la résistance à la corrosion de surface en métal ou en alliage de métaux
US8337606B2 (en) 2007-07-10 2012-12-25 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution and process for increasing the solderability and corrosion resistance of metal or metal alloy surface
WO2010034553A1 (fr) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Passivation par refroidissement rapide de pièces en aluminium coulé sous pression
WO2010081833A2 (fr) 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Solution et procédé permettant d'améliorer la soudabilité et la résistance à la corrosion d'une surface en métal ou en alliage métallique

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Publication number Publication date
EP1221497A3 (fr) 2003-12-03

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