EP1229560A1 - Elektromagnetischer Ventil-Aktuator mit Elektromagnet für eine Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer Ventil-Aktuator mit Elektromagnet für eine Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1229560A1
EP1229560A1 EP02290176A EP02290176A EP1229560A1 EP 1229560 A1 EP1229560 A1 EP 1229560A1 EP 02290176 A EP02290176 A EP 02290176A EP 02290176 A EP02290176 A EP 02290176A EP 1229560 A1 EP1229560 A1 EP 1229560A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
branches
valve
short
pole piece
pole pieces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02290176A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1229560B1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane Guerin
Jean-Paul Yonnet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP1229560A1 publication Critical patent/EP1229560A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1229560B1 publication Critical patent/EP1229560B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to valve actuators of internal combustion engines.
  • a valve actuator of the aforementioned type generally comprises two electromagnets between which is provided an air gap.
  • a magnetic pallet linked to the valve actuated, movable by electromagnets against storage springs energy.
  • the arrangement thus formed forms a harmonic oscillator in which stores the energy required for rapid switching by the springs and the change of position is controlled using the electromagnets.
  • the valve position is checked by means of the two coils of electromagnets by application of current which generates a field magnetic producing a force F.
  • this force is proportional to the square of the current injected in the coils and inversely proportional to the square of the air gap.
  • the force exerted on the pallet is always positive due to its proportionality to the square of the coil supply current.
  • the actuator On admission, the actuator must be able to provide the necessary energy at switching. This is to compensate for friction losses which rise at about 0.2 J for an 8 mm stroke or lift of the valve, and by therefore from the range of electromagnets.
  • the energy provided by an electromagnet throughout the race above, is equal to the integral of the force.
  • the useful power would be 20 W, which is low compared to its mass, of the order of 1 kg and its large volume.
  • the energy to be supplied is around 1.4 J to fight against pressure in the cylinder chamber when opening the valve.
  • the current actuator has a low power density which limits its use for controlling intake valves of engines with a unit displacement greater than or equal to 500 cm 3 .
  • the efficiency of an actuator is the ratio between mechanical energy returned (useful) and the electrical energy consumed. It is around 30%, losses being due mainly to induced currents and losses by effect Joule.
  • An engine revolution has a duration of 60 ms at 1000 rpm, while a valve transition takes approximately 3.5 ms. We can see that at low speed, the system statistically very often in a stable position, either open or closed.
  • the actuator lends itself well to this operation, since the force produced by the electromagnet is naturally raised to zero air gap.
  • the consumption of electric current weighs heavily in the calculation of the consumption of the vehicle which is done at an average speed of 1600 RPM approximately, representative of the actual use of vehicles which contains a lot driving at low engine speeds.
  • 100 W electrical requires approximately 200 W for the internal combustion engine, approximately 1.5% of fuel consumption per cycle.
  • the consumption of the current actuator is high and can be reduced.
  • the engine thus provides an additional parking brake that some users use as an additional brake to the handbrake, in particular in the ribs.
  • valves When using electromagnetic actuators, the valves are in an equilibrium position in the middle, so that all the engine chambers are at atmospheric pressure and there is no more additional braking possible.
  • the actuator itself is relatively inexpensive due to its simplicity, but the associated control electronics as well as the valve position, are complex and therefore expensive.
  • the invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of electromagnetic actuators of conventional valves by creating an actuator, which while being of a relatively low cost price, presents performances improved in all the areas mentioned above.
  • an electromagnetic valve actuator internal combustion engine comprising at least one electromagnet comprising a body, at least one supply coil, a magnetic pallet linked to a valve drive member against the action of at least one spring for storing switching energy of said valve, characterized in that in the magnetic body of the electromagnet is interposed a permanent magnet whose field is perpendicular to the field generated in said body by said at least one supply coil.
  • the electromagnetic valve actuator shown in Figure 1 comprises an electromagnet 1 comprising a body made of magnetic material 2 carrying a supply coil 3.
  • the body 2 essentially comprises two pole pieces 4.5 between which is arranged a permanent magnet 6 whose polarization direction indicated by arrow 7 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the supply coil 3.
  • Each of the pole pieces 4.5 advantageously made of ferrite, or of material based on agglomerated iron powder has a central part 8.9 around which pass the turns of the supply coil 3 which surrounds also the permanent magnet 6.
  • branches 10, 11, 12 and 13 perpendicular to said central parts 8, 9 and to the magnet permanent 6.
  • a branch 10.12 of each pole piece 4.5 is a branch short and a branch 11.13 of each pole piece is a long branch.
  • the short branch 10 of the pole piece 4 and the long branch 13 of the pole piece 5, extend from the ends of the central zones 8 and 9 located opposite each other.
  • the long branch 11 of the pole piece 4 and the short branch 12 of the pole piece 5 extend from the other ends of the central zones 8 and 9 located opposite each other.
  • Each of the branches 10 to 13 of the pole pieces 4.5 has a respective end 10a to 13a perpendicular to the corresponding branch, from so that each of these branches has an L shape.
  • the short branches 10 and 12 form with the long branches 11.13 respectively, air gaps 14.15 whose value corresponds to the lifting of a valve to operate.
  • the actuating rod 17 and the tail 19 of the valve 18 are surrounded by two return springs 20,21, the ends of which lie opposite one on the other, bear on a part 22 connecting the actuating rod 17 and the valve stem 19 of the valve 18.
  • the head 23 of the valve 18 cooperates with a non-valve seat depicted of an engine cylinder head 24.
  • the short branches 10 and 12 of the pole pieces 4 and 5 define with the plate 16, a high magnetic circuit.
  • Long branches 11 and 13 form with the magnetic plate 16, a low magnetic circuit.
  • the plate 16 and the branches short and long in turn define air gaps e1, e2 whose sum is equal to the lift L of the valve, this lift being equal to the difference between the air gap 14.15 between each short branch and each respective long branch pole pieces 4 and 5 and the thickness of the plate 16.
  • a negative current is applied to the coil 3.
  • the plate 16 peels off and is pushed back by the lower spring 21 which brings speed and compresses the upper spring 20.
  • the plateau describes a sinusoidal type trajectory typical of a system harmonic in free oscillation.
  • the actuator of Figure 3 differs from that of Figure 1 in that it comprises two supply coils 30,31 each wound around a branch of a pole piece 4.5.
  • the supply coils 30, 31 are wound around the respective short branches 10.12 of the pole pieces 4.5.
  • Said short branches 10,12 are located on the same side of the pallet magnetic 16.
  • the coils 30, 31 are supplied so as to generate a flow of same direction as the flow generated by the coil 3 of the actuator of Figure 1 that they replace.
  • the winding directions of the two coils 30,31 as well as the currents supply of these coils are such that the effects of the fields generated by these add up.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
EP02290176A 2001-02-01 2002-01-24 Elektromagnetischer Ventil-Aktuator mit Elektromagnet für eine Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP1229560B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0101372A FR2820238B1 (fr) 2001-02-01 2001-02-01 Actionneur electromagnetique a un electroaimant pour soupape de moteur a combustion interne
FR0101372 2001-02-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1229560A1 true EP1229560A1 (de) 2002-08-07
EP1229560B1 EP1229560B1 (de) 2009-01-14

Family

ID=8859507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02290176A Expired - Lifetime EP1229560B1 (de) 2001-02-01 2002-01-24 Elektromagnetischer Ventil-Aktuator mit Elektromagnet für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1229560B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE421156T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60230827D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2317982T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2820238B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7124720B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2006-10-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator for an electronic valve actuation system of an engine
US7249579B2 (en) 2004-03-25 2007-07-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Enhanced permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator for an electronic valve actuation system of an engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2149975A (en) * 1983-11-16 1985-06-19 Telemecanique Electrique Electromagnetic device comprising a permanent magnet
US4749167A (en) * 1979-12-03 1988-06-07 Martin Gottschall Two position mechanism
WO1992002712A1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-02-20 Keith Leslie Richards A valve control arrangement
US5153472A (en) * 1991-07-19 1992-10-06 International Business Machines Corporation Probe positioning actuator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4749167A (en) * 1979-12-03 1988-06-07 Martin Gottschall Two position mechanism
GB2149975A (en) * 1983-11-16 1985-06-19 Telemecanique Electrique Electromagnetic device comprising a permanent magnet
WO1992002712A1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-02-20 Keith Leslie Richards A valve control arrangement
US5153472A (en) * 1991-07-19 1992-10-06 International Business Machines Corporation Probe positioning actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1229560B1 (de) 2009-01-14
ATE421156T1 (de) 2009-01-15
DE60230827D1 (de) 2009-03-05
FR2820238A1 (fr) 2002-08-02
ES2317982T3 (es) 2009-05-01
FR2820238B1 (fr) 2003-05-09

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