EP1238258A1 - Dispositif et procede permettant de fournir des informations concernant au moins deux particules, bulles, et/ou gouttelettes - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede permettant de fournir des informations concernant au moins deux particules, bulles, et/ou gouttelettes

Info

Publication number
EP1238258A1
EP1238258A1 EP00974355A EP00974355A EP1238258A1 EP 1238258 A1 EP1238258 A1 EP 1238258A1 EP 00974355 A EP00974355 A EP 00974355A EP 00974355 A EP00974355 A EP 00974355A EP 1238258 A1 EP1238258 A1 EP 1238258A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
droplets
bubbles
waves
wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00974355A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nils Damaschke
Cameron Tropea
Manfred Steiglmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dantec Dynamics AS
Original Assignee
Dantec Dynamics AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1999154702 external-priority patent/DE19954702A1/de
Application filed by Dantec Dynamics AS filed Critical Dantec Dynamics AS
Publication of EP1238258A1 publication Critical patent/EP1238258A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G01N15/0211—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0007—Investigating dispersion of gas
    • G01N2015/0011—Investigating dispersion of gas in liquids, e.g. bubbles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0023—Investigating dispersion of liquids
    • G01N2015/0026—Investigating dispersion of liquids in gas, e.g. fog
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N2015/0294—Particle shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for providing information relating to two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and more particularly to an apparatus and a method where one or more waves, such as light, is provided toward the particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and where waves are reflected or refracted by each particle, bubble, and/or droplet and is detected by a detector.
  • one or more waves such as light
  • a particle counting technique is the phase Doppler (PD) technique.
  • the PD technique is an extension of the laser Doppler (LD) measuring technique.
  • LD laser Doppler
  • two intersecting laser beams define a measurement volume in their crossing region. If a particle passes this measurement volume, two scattered waves, one belonging to each of the two laser beams, propagate into space and interfere with one another.
  • a suitably positioned detector records the light intensity scattered into the space. Through the movement of the particle, the interference fringes will sweep across the detector. The frequency detected by this receiver is proportional to the velocity of the particle.
  • the extension of the LD technique to the PD technique involves adding a further detector positioned in a suitably chosen location.
  • both detectors register the scattered interference field present in space.
  • the fringe spacing in the interference pattern which sweeps across the detectors, is dependent on the distance between the two exit glare points of light on the surface of the particle and thus, the fringe spacing can be related to the particle size.
  • the velocity and particle diameter can therefore be determined by a frequency and phase difference measurement between the signals on the two detectors.
  • the relationship between the measured phase difference and the particle diameter is linear.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for providing information relating to two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, the apparatus comprising: means for providing light directed toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets,
  • the detecting means comprising an area detector or a line detector
  • the wave providing means being positioned so, relatively to the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and the detecting means, that at least two waves are reflected or refracted by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets toward the detector, the waves all having been either reflected by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets or all having been refracted a predetermined number of times within the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets,
  • the detecting means being adapted to have the waves from each of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets interfere on different parts of a sensitive area of the area detector or the line detector,
  • the detecting means being adapted to detect the interfering waves on the area or line detector and to provide spatial information relating thereto to the deriving means.
  • particles, bubbles, and/or droplets are meant to cover all locally inhomogeneous structure s in a medium affecting the wave propagation, such as small items of fluid or solid matter in a gas, fluid or a solid medium or any combination of gas, fluid and/solid structures in a gas, fluid or solid medium.
  • light refracted by e.g. a particle will be directed toward the particle, enter the particle, may be internally reflected therein any number of times and will finally exit the particle.
  • a light beam having been refracted within a particle twice will have entered the particle, been internally reflected therein twice and finally exited the particle. This will mean that the light reflected or refracted will be of the same scattered light order.
  • the present invention utilises the well-known technique where e.g. light is shone on the e.g. particle so that two glare points are formed thereon which emit light onto a detector.
  • a line or an area detector is used.
  • This type of detector is able to provide information relating to a fringe or interference pattern in a single determination.
  • This information may be fringe separation, fringe intensity, fringe shape, and/or fringe deformation.
  • the interference patterns or fringes will only be provided on a part of the sensitive area of the detector.
  • the patterns of fringes of different e.g. particles are provided at different, potentially partly overlapping, areas of the detector in order to facilitate separation thereof.
  • the technique may be used with virtually any type of wave, such as acoustical waves, subsonic waves, visible light or any other type of electromagnetic wave.
  • spatial information will mean information relating to the spatial interference pattern or fringe pattern on the detector. This information may be a frequency, a fringe shape, an intensity distribution or the like.
  • the present inventors have found that when using interfering waves from two glare points where the waves have been either reflected directly off the particle or have been refracted the same number of times, a number of advantages are obtained.
  • the wave providing means are adapted to provide a single wave directed toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets from a predetermined direction so that a wave is refracted along two or more paths within at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets , the paths comprising the same number of refractions within the at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the deriving means may be adapted to derive information relating to a refractive index and/or inhomogeneities and/or information relating to an internal structure of the at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets. From the refracted wave which, naturally, has entered the particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, information relating to the interior or the surfaces where the wave has entered and exited may be derived in a standard manner.
  • the light providing means comprise means for directing two or more waves toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the waves interfering on the detecting means may be waves reflected or refracted.
  • This embodiment has the specific advantage that, e.g. in an optical measurement the fringe or interference pattern provided on the detecting means will, in a velocity measurement, alter in a manner different from that of prior art set-ups, which do not use glare point light beams of the same scatter wave order. In fact, due to this set-up, the fringe pattern will move faster than the particle, bubble and/or droplet. In this manner, even very small velocities and/or displacements may be determined.
  • the present apparatus may utilise both monochromatic and polychromatic light in any combination whereby the light providing means may be adapted to direct one or more polychromatic or monochromatic light beams toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the apparatus may further comprise means for providing the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the wave providing means are adapted to simultaneously provide one or more waves toward a plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets
  • the detecting means are adapted to simultaneously receive waves reflected or refracted by the plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets
  • the deriving means are adapted to provide information relating to each of the plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • information relating to each particle, bubble, and/or droplet may be provided and/or combined information, such as mean velocity, mean direction of velocity, mean size or the like may be provided.
  • the wave providing means are adapted to provide two or more light beams and/or one or more light beams comprising two or more wavelengths toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the apparatus may further comprise means for selecting one or more predetermined wavelengths or wavelength regions, the selecting means then being positioned in a light path between the light providing means and the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets or between the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and the detecting means.
  • wavelength dependent information may be derived as well as information relating to more than one wavelength.
  • the deriving means may then be adapted to provide information relating to a composition, such as material properties, refractive index, absorption, inhomogeneities, internal structure, and/or a shape, such as a size, a surface curvature/roughness, and/or sphericity, of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • This information may be derived from two different fringe/interference detections - one relating to each wavelength where the selecting means may then be made to select between the two wavelengths - or the light providing means may be made to shift there between.
  • the wave providing means are adapted to provide wave(s) in the form of a measurement sheet or a measurement volume.
  • One side length of this sheet or volume may be from 1 ⁇ m to several meters, such as 10 meters depending on the actual measurement.
  • an area or a line detector provides an apparatus that may, in fact, receive waves from a number of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, separate the contribution from each of these and thereby provide information from each individual particle, bubble, and/or droplet.
  • the detecting means are adapted to have the interfering waves from the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets interfere on the area or line detector over an area being 50% or less, such as 25% or less, preferably 10% or less, such as 5% or less, preferably 2% or less, such as 1 % or less than a total light sensitive area of the area or line detector. In this manner, the waves from each particle, bubble, and/or droplet may be physically separated on the detecting means.
  • the apparatus may further comprise:
  • the second wave providing means being adapted to provide the one or more waves in a second measuring sheet or volume being at an angle to the first measuring sheet
  • the second wave providing means being positioned so, relative to the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and the detecting means, that at least two waves are emitted from or reflected by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets toward the second detector, those light beams all having been either reflected by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets or all having been refracted a predetermined number of times within the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the wave providing means may be adapted to provide the one or more waves in a first measuring sheet or volume, where the apparatus further comprises:
  • the second wave providing means being adapted to provide the one or more waves in a second measuring sheet or volume being at an angle to the first measuring sheet
  • the detecting means comprising a second area detector or line detector, wherein the receiving means are adapted to also receive information from the second detecting means and to derive therefrom the information relating to the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets,
  • the second wave providing means being positioned so, relative to the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets and the detecting means, that at least two waves are emitted from or reflected by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets toward the second detector, those light beams all having been either reflected by the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets or all having been refracted a predetermined number of times within the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets,
  • the second detecting means being adapted to have the waves, stemming from the second wave providing means, from each of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets interfere on different parts of a sensitive area of the second area detector or line detector,
  • the second detecting means being adapted to detect the interfering waves on the second area or line detector and to provide spatial information relating thereto to the deriving means.
  • two measuring set-ups are provided that may provide information from different directions, using different types of waves etc.
  • the detecting means and the second detecting means are adapted to detect the interfering waves at least substantially simultaneously.
  • first and second measuring sheets are at least substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the deriving means may be adapted to provide information relating to material properties, refractive index, absorption inhomogeneities, internal structure, and/or a shape, such as a size, a surface curvature/roughness, sphericity, of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the deriving means may be adapted to provide information relating to changes in composition, such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement, changes of shape, such as oscillation frequency and/or amplitude, size changes, surface curvature/roughness changes, and/or movement, such as displacement, orientation, position, direction of movement, velocity, rotation, rotational velocity and/or period, of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • changes in composition such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement, changes of shape, such as oscillation frequency and/or amplitude, size changes, surface curvature/roughness changes, and/or movement, such as displacement, orientation, position, direction of movement, velocity, rotation, rotational velocity and/or period, of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the detecting means are preferably adapted to detect the interfering waves a plurality of times separated in time.
  • the deriving means are adapted to receive information from the detecting means each of the plurality of times and for deriving therefrom information relating to changes in composition, such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement, changes of shape, such as oscillation frequency and/or amplitude, size changes, surface curvature/roughness changes, and/or movement, such as displacement, orientation, position, direction of movement, velocity, rotation, rotational velocity and/or period, of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the invention relates to a method of providing information relating to two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, the method comprising:
  • Part of the deriving step may be a step of separating the two or more interference pattern each generated by at least two separate areas on the surface of a particle (glare points) emitting reflected and/or refracted waves.
  • the step of directing wave(s) comprises directing a single wave toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets from a predetermined direction so that wave is reflected and/or refracted along two or more paths within at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, the paths comprising the same number of refractions within the at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the deriving step may comprise deriving information relating to a refractive index and/or inhomogeneities and/or information relating to a composition, such as material properties, refractive index, absorption inhomogeneities, internal structure, a shape, such as a size, surface curvature/roughness, sphericity, surface, changes of composition, such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement, changes of shape, such as oscillation frequency and/or amplitude, size changes, surface curvature/roughness changes, orientation, rotation and/or rotational velocity/period of the at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • a composition such as material properties, refractive index, absorption inhomogeneities, internal structure, a shape, such as a size, surface curvature/roughness, sphericity, surface
  • changes of composition such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement
  • changes of shape such as oscillation
  • the wave-directing step comprises directing two or more waves toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the light directing step may comprise directing one or more polychromatic or monochromatic light beams toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the method may further comprise the step of providing the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the wave directing step comprises simultaneously providing wave(s) toward a plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets
  • the imaging step comprises simultaneously receiving waves reflected and/or refracted by the plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets
  • the deriving step comprises providing information relating to each of the plurality of particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the light directing step may comprise directing two or more light beams and/or one or more light beams comprising two or more wavelengths toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the deriving step may comprise deriving information relating to movement, such as position, direction of movement, velocity, displacement, of one or more particles by phase changes of one or more interference patterns for each particle, at least one of the one or more interference patterns being created by reflected and/or refracted waves from different waves toward the one or more particles.
  • the wave directing step may comprise directing one or more light beams comprising two or more wavelengths toward the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets, the method then further comprising the step of selecting one or more predetermined wavelengths or wavelength regions, and wherein the imaging step comprises imaging light of the selected wavelengths or wavelength regions.
  • the deriving step may comprise providing information relating to a refractive index of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the wave-directing step preferably comprises providing wave(s) toward a measuring sheet or a measuring volume.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of:
  • the method may further comprise the steps of: f) imaging waves from each of the at least two separate, second areas of each particles, bubbles, and/or droplets on a second area or line detector in a manner so that waves from the at least two separate, second areas of each particles, bubbles, and/or droplets interferes and provides an interference pattern on the second area or line detector,
  • the deriving step d) comprises deriving the information relating to the particles, bubbles, and/or droplets from the one or more parameters and the one or more second parameters.
  • the imaging steps b) and f) are performed at least substantially simultaneously.
  • the steps a) and e) may comprise providing the first and second measuring sheets at least substantially perpendicularly to each other.
  • the deriving step d) may comprise deriving information relating to a size, surface curvature, non-sphericity, rotational velocity and/or period, an oscillation frequency and/or amplitude of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • the imaging step(s) comprise imaging light beams a plurality of times separated in time.
  • Parameters of this type may be an oscillation frequency or a rotational velocity.
  • the deriving step may comprise performing steps b), c), f). and g) each of the plurality of times and step d) comprises deriving therefrom information relating to a composition, such as material properties, refractive index, absorption inhomogeneities, internal structure, a shape, such as a size, surface curvature/roughness, sphericity, surface, changes of composition, such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement, changes of shape, such as oscillation frequency and/or amplitude, size changes, surface curvature/roughness changes, orientation, rotation and/or rotational velocity/period of the at least one of the two or more particles, bubbles, and/or droplets.
  • a composition such as material properties, refractive index, absorption inhomogeneities, internal structure, a shape, such as a size, surface curvature/roughness, sphericity, surface
  • changes of composition such as a mixing, chemical reaction, evaporation, particle internal movement
  • the imaging step(s) may comprise having the interfering light beams interfere on the area or line detector over an area being 50% or less, such as 25% or less, preferably 10% or less, such as 5% or less, preferably 2% or less, such as 1% or less than a total light sensitive area of the area or line detector.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a set-up using a single light beam illuminating the particles, where the rainbow region is used
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a set-up using two light beams stemming from a single source
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a set-up using two recording electronics
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an alternative set-up using two recording electronics now operated in the forward direction
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a set-up using two illuminated sheets fed by one or different laser
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a set-up as that of Fig. 5 where the rainbow region is used
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a set-up for measuring a three-component velocity component
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a set-up using a multi colour light source.
  • a single, double or multiple pulsed wave source (e.g. Nd-YAG laser pair, copper vapor laser) is projected into the field as a sheet (C) through collimating and beam expansion optics (B).
  • the area (J) is imaged via imaging optics (D) with the image plane (E).
  • a camera (F) records an "out-of focus" image.
  • the recording can be a one or multiple illumination recording or be two or more subsequent recordings synchronized with the illumination (G). These recordings are transferred to a PC (H) for further processing.
  • the novelty of this arrangement is that several particles in the section (J) can be investigated simultaneously with the rainbow measuring technique (for the example water droplets in air, the rainbow scattering angle lies at 135 degrees), which uses two glare points of one scattering order per particle.
  • a beam splitter (b) is now used (Fig.2) in order to generate two sheets (C1 ) and (C2) in the measuring region.
  • the beam splitter (B) is used also to expand the laser sheets.
  • the realization of the beam expansion can be performed using a single cylindrical lens before or after the beam splitter or using two cylindrical lenses after the beam splitter on each beam.
  • the recording optics (D + E + F) are now positioned at any scattering angle.
  • At least one interference fringe system follows from the interference of the two scattered waves of the same scattered light order, one from each of the two light sheets.
  • the new evaluation method of the interference fringe pattern can be used to increase the accuracy of the particle size estimation as long as a double or multiple interference fringe systems are used.
  • two recording optics are now used (Fig.3) in order to determine a third velocity component, as is common in the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. While one optics receives in the forward direction, the second optics receives in the backward direction.
  • An example of this is the measurement of water droplets in air (relative refractive index 1.33).
  • the first optics could receive refraction and, consequently, scatter waves of the first order glare points of both waves (C1) and (C2)
  • the second optics receive two scattered waves of the glare points of both beams (C1) and (C2) due to reflection and/or four scattered waves of the glare points from second order refraction.
  • the separation of the interference patterns through second order refraction can be performed e.g. through the spatial frequency and orientation of the fringe pattern.
  • a variation of this arrangement uses a mirror to return the second light sheet through the measurement plane.
  • both detectors would operate in forward scatter, for which the scattered intensity is generally higher than backscatter.
  • both receiving optics are also operated in the forward direction and will still be able to record the third velocity component.
  • two waves from different or the same source are separated into two partial beams through a beam splitter (K).
  • a sheet is generated as shown in the arrangement 1) to 4).
  • the detector or detectors (D + E + F) record the scattered waves from each of two glare points of each scattered light order from both partial sections (C1A + C1 B) and (C2A + C2B).
  • the separation of the scattered light on the detector from each of the laser light sheets can be carried out in different manners:
  • the beam splitter (K) is a color splitter
  • the advantage of this configuration is that the line connecting glare points from each scattered order are not parallel to one another, whereby the imaged fringe systems are also not orientated parallel to one another. Thus, curvatures of the particle surface are detected in different directions. Similar to the Dual-Mode phase Doppler system , a determination of non-sphericity is possible.
  • the use of different light sources for both light sheets, instead of the beam splitter (K), the use of more than one camera, the additional irradiation of different light sections, and the non-perpendicular orientation of the two light sections in relation to one another are variations of this arrangement.
  • Fig. 6 Contrary to the arrangement in Fig. 5, the use of two pairs of glare points arising from the same scattering order is shown in Fig. 6. Here multiple solutions of the scattered light (rainbows) are exploited. Again, the separation of the different fringe systems on the detector can be achieved using various techniques: the use of several cameras, several light sheets or separate light sources.
  • a volume region (J) is illuminated with the light sheets (C1 + C2) and a section is imaged onto the detector using the detection optics.
  • the position of the particle across the width of the laser sheet can be determined through the size of the out-of-focus image.
  • Variations of this method to achieve the third velocity component include: the use of more than one camera, the use of more than one pair of glare points from the same scattering order, by using additional light sheets or through the orientation of the laser light sheets.
  • All the arrangements described above can also be realized using a multicolor light source (A) (AR + laser or white light) (Fig.8).
  • A multicolor light source
  • Fig.8 several fringe systems will arise due to the refractive index dependency.
  • each fringe system or each image is assigned to a color.
  • the images or fringe systems are, for the case of one dominant scattering order, formed by two glare points of the same order, as shown as an example in the upper sketch.
  • the refractive index can be determined from the spatial frequency of the individual defocused images, separated by color. This arrangement can also be extended and modified, as described for the, previous arrangements.
  • the separation of the interference areas of the images may be performed in any desired manner.
  • E. Hecht: “Optics”, Addison-Wesley, 3rd ed., 1998 illustrates a number of such manners.
  • the interference fringe systems can be separated by: spatial frequency, phase, colour, orientation, polarisation and/or focussing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé permettant de fournir des informations portant sur aux moins deux particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes éclairées où, par rapport auxdites particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes et aux éléments de détection, les dispositifs d'éclairage sont placés de telle manière qu'au moins deux ondes sont réfléchies ou réfractées vers le détecteur par lesdites particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes, les ondes étant soit toutes réfléchies par lesdites particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes, soit toutes réfractées un nombre déterminé de fois entre lesdites particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes. Les informations sont dérivées à partir des informations spatiales provenant des ondes parasites générées lorsque les ondes en provenance de chacune des particules, bulles et/ou gouttelettes brouillent différentes parties d'une zone sensible du détecteur surfacique ou du détecteur linéaire. Selon l'invention, lorsqu'on utilise plusieurs modèles d'interférences, les ondes lumineuses provenant des particules peuvent être réfractées ou réfléchies un nombre quelconque de fois.
EP00974355A 1999-11-13 2000-11-13 Dispositif et procede permettant de fournir des informations concernant au moins deux particules, bulles, et/ou gouttelettes Withdrawn EP1238258A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19954702 1999-11-13
DE1999154702 DE19954702A1 (de) 1999-11-13 1999-11-13 Planares-Interferenz-Partikelgrößenmeßgerät
US23154400P 2000-09-11 2000-09-11
US231544P 2000-09-11
PCT/DK2000/000630 WO2001036937A1 (fr) 1999-11-13 2000-11-13 Dispositif et procede permettant de fournir des informations concernant au moins deux particules, bulles, et/ou gouttelettes

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EP1238258A1 true EP1238258A1 (fr) 2002-09-11

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EP (1) EP1238258A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1270001A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001036937A1 (fr)

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EP1359406A1 (fr) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-05 Luc Michiels Méthode et appareil pour vaporiser et detecteur pour ce but
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