EP1240988A2 - Equipement pour éviter des clivages dans l'épaisseur de briquettes monocouche, lorsque l'on utilise des micro-granulats ou des poudres pour le mélange - Google Patents
Equipement pour éviter des clivages dans l'épaisseur de briquettes monocouche, lorsque l'on utilise des micro-granulats ou des poudres pour le mélange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1240988A2 EP1240988A2 EP02425136A EP02425136A EP1240988A2 EP 1240988 A2 EP1240988 A2 EP 1240988A2 EP 02425136 A EP02425136 A EP 02425136A EP 02425136 A EP02425136 A EP 02425136A EP 1240988 A2 EP1240988 A2 EP 1240988A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shutter
- pressure
- tampon
- orifice
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
- B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
Definitions
- a compound mixture is used, indicative, 50% marble aggregates, 25% marble powder, 25% cement, and water at a rate of 13 to 15% of the weight of the aggregates mentioned above.
- the aggregates used can have dimensions which vary between a maximum of 12 mm and a minimum of 1.5 mm. Powders of marble suitable for this product have a maximum dimension of 0.5 mm and a particle size curve which goes from 0.5 to 0.075 mm. For their conformation, cements have a lower grain size curve which varies between 0.090 and 0.060 mm.
- briquettes are molded with mainly equal dimensions or greater than 400 mm per side, after maturation, we observe in the thickness - when cut vertically - substantially parallel cleavages F to the main surfaces and distributed over the entire periphery and in the height briquette. The length of these cleavages varies between 5 and 20 mm.
- the "monolayer" molding technique is described in the patent Longinotti Meccanica n ° 98830295.6 (see fig. 1 of this document).
- the pad 5 with molding plate 7 and elastomer 9 vulcanized at the bottom penetrates - during the molding phase - inside the frame 3 for compress the metered material and introduced into the mold. For reduce as much as possible the water outlet between the peripheral part of the plate 7-9 and the frame 3, there is provided between these two components a clearance of an order from 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the plate 7 has different holes peripherals 11, connected to an internal collector 13, which evacuate - at through conduits 15 and 17 connected to a vacuum group - all the water that tends to form and escape between plate 9 and frame 3.
- the buffer 5 with the plate 7, 9 Upon completion from the compression phase of the briquette S, the buffer 5 with the plate 7, 9 must lift to return to the starting position. During the lifting, even if it is carried out at reduced speed, the air has difficulties to infiltrate from the top between the plate 7 and the frame 3, and to occupy the space located under the plate and above the molded briquette S. This difficulty of air penetration causes - during the lifting of the tampon - it occurs a depression and therefore a suction cup effect which is at the origin of the cleavages "horizontal" F which one notes in these types of mixtures, in the vicinity of the surface in contact with the pad. By the way, the lifting speed can only be reduced to a certain value, beyond which we have an unacceptable reduction in production.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the formation of cleavages F, by avoiding also drawbacks of reduced production.
- the press for single-layer cement briquettes (produced in particular with micro-aggregates or powders in the mixture), fitted with molds with base, frame and pressure pad, it is provided, according to the invention, in the buffer at least one orifice which opens in the pressure surface of the pad; a shutter, which cooperates with said orifice, is actuated by control and forcing means for the shutter during the pressure phase and is controlled inversely for the opening; at the time of opening, or better slightly before, we proceed pressurized air supply, which means that at the start of the lifting of the tampon, the air escaping from said orifice becomes trapped between the briquette and buffer, thus facilitating its separation from the buffer and avoiding the suction cup effect as well as the formation of lateral cleavages F, on any the thickness of the briquette.
- Said control means can comprise - in practice - a double-acting cylinder and piston system with dimensions greater than those of the orifice to be closed, to resist the pressure exerted by the tampon during the pressure phase.
- These shutter control means cause the opening slightly before the end of the pressure phase.
- the reference 1 designates the base of a mold for the molding of a cement briquette of the so-called "monolayer" type; the base can be permeable to water for at least partial removal of moisture from the mixture which is introduced into the compartment, i.e. the defined cavity V by the base 1 and by the frame 3, and which is supported on this base and pressed to delimit compartment V.
- this compartment V of the cavity enters the pad 5 which is vertically movable and which constitutes the compression.
- This stamp has, at its lower part, the plate pressure 7, at the bottom surface of which the layer is vulcanized of elastomer 9.
- the plate 7, 9 has peripherally the holes 11 connected to the internal collector 13 which, through the conduits 15, 17, communicates with a vacuum group (not shown) for sucking the water which tends to escape between the plate 9 and the internal wall of the frame 3, as shown in the detail 7X, 9X on the right when looking at fig. 1, which represents the position of the buffer upon completion of compression, while references 7X, 9X and 11X denote the plate, the elastomer and the suction holes in said compression position complete.
- a component 21 which, by an appendage 20A, leads to the center of the elastomer 9 on the bottom surface of the pad and creates a hole 23 for the air outlet.
- the hole 23 can be closed by a shutter 25 which has the same diameter as hole 23 and which is controlled by a actuator which - according to the example - comprises a double cylindrical cavity 27 and a piston 29 to constitute a double-acting cylinder and piston actuator can be supplied with compressed air, through two conduits 31 and 33.
- the shutter 25 Under the conditions for closing the hole 23, the shutter 25 is substantially at the level of the active lower surface of the buffer 5, 7, 9, this which makes the compression of the briquette take place as in the conditions of the traditional arrangement of a tampon which does not include the whole illustrated.
- the actuator 27, 29 From the fluid supply pipe 33 control, the actuator 27, 29 is supplied with sufficient pressure to ensure the shutter position of the shutter 25, as shown in the Fig. 1, even in the phase in which there is a high pressure for the molding of the material S intended for forming the briquette, and introduced into the compartment V.
- the shutter 25 At the moment when the pad 5 must start to lift, or slightly before, the shutter 25 is raised - by reversing the supply between the conduits 31 and 33 - from the closed position of FIG. 1 at position opening of fig.
- the shutter 25 ends with a flat surface and when closed, it is perfectly at the same level as the lower surface of the elastomer 9, and that is why there are no noticeable marks on the material pressed S.
- the lateral seal between the shutter 25 and the seat 23 is very precise, so that during the arrival of the liquid mixture and compression next, neither the material nor the water can penetrate between the two elements.
- the value of the vertical thrust which acts on the section of the shutter 25 during compression corresponds at least to the thrust exerted or better is much greater than the thrust exerted on the product to effect the compression ; this is obtained by the dimensioning of the actuator 27, 29.
- a high thrust also ensures closing during the next cycle, which neutralizes the presence of any residues.
- the residence time under pressure is 4 seconds, after about 3 and a half seconds, the shutter 25 can be lifted (by inserting air in line 31), without the already pressed mixture entering the hole 23 cleared by the shutter 25. It is thus possible to start introducing the air under pressure from the duct 37, 37A, at the same time as the compression or, better yet, while pressing. To the end of the compression phase, the pressurized air tends to escape from the hole 23 outwards and thus creates a veil between the elastomer 9 and the surface top of pressed briquette S.
- conduit 37A advantageously opens into the shutter seat by an entry 37B in the substantially tangential direction (see fig. 3), so as to create a vortex between the shutter 25 and its seat.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- Equipement - pour éviter des clivages latéraux des briquettes en ciment de type monocouche et produites en particulier avec un mélange contenant des micro-granulats ou des poudres - combiné aux moules avec base, bâti et tampon de pression, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend dans le tampon un orifice (23) qui s'ouvre dans la surface de pression du tampon, un obturateur (25) qui coopère avec ledit orifice (23), des moyens de commande et de forçage dudit obturateur pour l'obturation pendant la phase de pression et pour l'ouverture, ainsi qu'un conduit d'alimentation d'air sous pression (37, 37A) pour délivrer de l'air sous pression - au début ou juste avant la phase de soulèvement du tampon - pour sa sortie dudit orifice et pour le coincement entre la briquette et le tampon.
- Equipement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de commande comprennent un système à cylindre et piston (27, 29) à double effet et aux dimensions supérieures à celles de l'orifice (23) à obturer, pour la résistance à la pression exercée par le tampon pendant la phase de pression.
- Equipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande de l'obturateur en provoquent l'ouverture légèrement avant la fin de la phase de pression.
- Equipement selon au moins la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation en air comprimé est réalisée avec une entrée tangentielle (37B), pour obtenir un tourbillon entre l'obturateur (25) et son siège.
- Equipement pour éviter des clivages dans l'épaisseur de briquettes monocouche en ciment, lorsque l'on utilise des micro-granulats ou des poudres pour le mélange; le tout comme décrit ci-dessus et représenté à titre d'exemple sur le dessin annexé.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITFI20010042 | 2001-03-16 | ||
| ITFI20010042 ITFI20010042A1 (it) | 2001-03-16 | 2001-03-16 | Attrezzatura per evitare sfaldature nello spessore di mattonelle monostrato in cemento,quando si utilizzano per l'impasto micrograniglie o p |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1240988A2 true EP1240988A2 (fr) | 2002-09-18 |
| EP1240988A3 EP1240988A3 (fr) | 2003-10-08 |
Family
ID=11442105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02425136A Withdrawn EP1240988A3 (fr) | 2001-03-16 | 2002-03-11 | Equipement pour éviter des clivages dans l'épaisseur de briquettes monocouche, lorsque l'on utilise des micro-granulats ou des poudres pour le mélange |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1240988A3 (fr) |
| IT (1) | ITFI20010042A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1592953A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1981-07-15 | St James Tile Co Ltd | Methods of producing moulded shapes such as tiles |
| JPH022566Y2 (fr) * | 1986-12-13 | 1990-01-22 | ||
| FR2673566B3 (fr) * | 1991-03-08 | 1993-01-15 | Voinchet Jean Marie | Dispositif pour la realisation des preformes necessaires au moulage en pate des ceramiques. |
| IT1294828B1 (it) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-04-15 | Longinotti Meccanica S R L | Apparecchiatura per produrre mattonelle sottili di impasto cementizio |
-
2001
- 2001-03-16 IT ITFI20010042 patent/ITFI20010042A1/it unknown
-
2002
- 2002-03-11 EP EP02425136A patent/EP1240988A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1240988A3 (fr) | 2003-10-08 |
| ITFI20010042A1 (it) | 2002-09-16 |
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