Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
  • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H1/435—Polyesters

Definitions

• the invention relates to a textile fabric made of natural fibers, preferably bast fiber or mixtures of bast fibers, which have been consolidated by fluid jets.
• DE 94 22 147 Ul describes a multi-layer body which consists of different layers of nonwovens, which can contain natural fibers, plastic fibers and glass fibers.
• the nonwovens used for the layers are individually consolidated by needling. If a needle breaks, metallic needle particles will inevitably remain in the needled nonwoven. These can lead to considerable problems in subsequent processing steps.
• Thermally bonded natural fiber nonwovens are also known. The advantage of this is that shorter fibers can also be used.
• the fibers are provided with a binder before, during or after the fleece laying, or processed in a mixture with thermoplastic binder fibers. The application of heat activates the binder or leads to the melting of the binding fibers and thereby to the consolidation of the fleece.
• a nonwoven is described in DE 196 02 551 Cl.
• the mat shown consists of a fiber mixture of natural and thermoplastic binding fibers.
• a top layer made of thermoplastic fibers is used. Through the use of binding fibers or binding agents, it is not possible to reuse the nonwovens by type. In addition, the release of chemicals used to bind chemicals during use cannot be excluded.
• thermoplastic binder fibers or thermoplastic binders when using natural fibers makes the manufactured products expensive and sorted recycling is impossible.
• the invention has for its object to create textile fabrics made of natural fibers, preferably bast fibers, which do not require an additional binder, allow the processing of short fibers and residual dusts and give the fabrics good strength values.
• natural fibers preferably bast fibers
• bast fibers are relatively stiff and have a lot of woody parts, short fibers and dusts, which put a high load on the filtration system, which cleans the working medium of the foreign substances.
• the filtration system was not subjected to high loads.
• the fabric according to the invention consists of natural fibers, preferably of bast fibers and in particular of hemp fibers, which contain a high proportion of residues from fiber digestion, such as short fibers, fiber dusts and other fiber accompanying substances.
• feedstocks for the textile fabrics according to the invention can be produced and purchased at a favorable price.
• the fleece can be laid mechanically, aerodynamically or hydrodynamically, the fleece is consolidated by fluid jets, preferably by water jets.
• the residues arising in the area formation and consolidation process such as short fibers, fiber dusts, etc. are collected and together with already solidified nonwoven particles, which are comminuted and appropriately tailored supplied before or during the consolidation of the natural fibers. In contrast to currently known methods, these residues have positive effects on the properties of the textile fabrics according to the invention.
• the structure of the textile fabrics according to the invention can be both uniform and also consist of a core layer which is provided on one or both sides with cover layers.
• both the core and the cover layers can consist of pure bast fibers, only different compositions and / or densities. Fibers made of synthetic resin or inorganic fibers can also be incorporated into the cover layers. Preferably only bast fibers are used to build up the core layer.
• the structure of the multilayer textile fabric can be carried out continuously by a repeated pass through the consolidation device, in which new fibers are fed to the already formed fabric.
• prefabricated nonwovens can be placed on the nonwoven forming the core layer and then connected to one another by fluid jet consolidation.
• the weight per unit area of the textile fabrics can be set between 30 and 3000 g / m and the tensile strength between 100 and 25000 N / m.
• the textile fabrics according to the invention have a dense to open structure and are distinguished by high tear strength.
• the preferred structure of pure bast fibers opens up a wide range of applications, e.g. B. as a material for wall cladding, as an element of a building material system, for the production of vapor-permeable insulation materials, coating substrates, filtration nonwovens, geotextiles, wiping cloths, carpets, reinforcing nonwovens and as a semi-finished product for the production of molded parts.
• the textile fabric consists of hemp fibers with a high proportion of residues from fiber digestion, produced without the addition of binders or other fibers and solidified using water jet technology.
• the areas aces is 50 g / m, the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction 600 N / m, the tensile strength in the transverse direction 300 N / m with a thickness of 0.8 mm.
• the textile fabric is primarily suitable as a coating substrate for. B. in combination with resin systems, as environmentally friendly packaging material or as a layer of a sandwich material.
• the textile fabric consists of hemp fibers without the addition of binders and other fibers and was consolidated using water jets.
• the mass per unit area is 300 g / m with a thickness of 1.5 mm, the tensile strength is 7000 N / m in the longitudinal direction and 5000 N / m in the transverse direction. Due to the high compaction of the nonwoven during water jet consolidation, it is particularly suitable as an insulating fleece in flooring systems.
• the textile fabric consists of hemp fibers with a proportion of residues and was consolidated with water jets.
• the mass per unit area is 120 g / m
• the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction is 700 N / m and in the transverse direction 500 N / m.
• the textile fabrics are particularly suitable as coating supports or as replacements for reinforcing materials made of glass fiber nonwovens in sandwich systems for molded parts. Comparative articles made from regenerated cellulose fibers under the same consolidation conditions have significantly lower strengths.
• the tensile strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions is only 200 N / m.
• a textile fabric according to Example 2 was used.
• the textile fabric is given a defined surface structure through special control of the hardening process or through aggregates after the hardening.
• Such structured textile fabrics are used in particular as wallcovering instead of wallpaper.
• the textile fabric consists of a mixture of 50% hemp fibers and 50% PET bicomponent fibers, which are consolidated by water jets.
• the 2.5 mm thick textile fabric has a tensile strength of 11000 N / m in the longitudinal direction and 8000 N / m in the transverse direction. By activating the bicomponent fibers in the drying process, the tensile strength can be increased further. This gives it a special use as a reinforcing material.
• the textile fabric consists of a mixture of 50% hemp fibers and 50% polypropylene fibers, which have been consolidated by water jets.
• the textile fabric has good mechanical properties, so tear resistance 11000 N / m in the longitudinal direction and 8000 N / m in the transverse direction.
• Such textile fabrics can be easily formed in thermoforming processes. Natural fiber reinforced components are obtained.
• the textile fabric was made from hemp fibers without the addition of binders or other fibers and solidified by water jets.
• the thickness of the textile fabric is 4 mm
• the basis weight is 1500 g / m
• the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction is 18000 N / m
• in the transverse direction is 15000 N / m.
• the very high wet strength of the textile fabric enables use in special filters, e.g. B. for the absorption of heavy metals in sewage sludge filtration.
• Other applications are as insulation material and for the production of structured panels.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Details Of Garments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=7938640

Family Applications (1)

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• 2000
  • 2000-03-07 DE DE20004553U patent/DE20004553U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-03-07 WO PCT/DE2001/000943 patent/WO2001066845A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2001-03-07 EP EP01916922A patent/EP1264025B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-03-07 AT AT01916922T patent/ATE270721T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-03-07 DE DE50102794T patent/DE50102794D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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