EP1288320B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1288320B1
EP1288320B1 EP02450138A EP02450138A EP1288320B1 EP 1288320 B1 EP1288320 B1 EP 1288320B1 EP 02450138 A EP02450138 A EP 02450138A EP 02450138 A EP02450138 A EP 02450138A EP 1288320 B1 EP1288320 B1 EP 1288320B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
melt
metal
metal foam
outlet opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02450138A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1288320A2 (de
EP1288320A3 (de
Inventor
Franz Dobesberger
Herbert Flankl
Dietmar Leitlmeier
Alois Birgmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huette Klein Reichenbach GmbH
Original Assignee
Huette Klein Reichenbach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0093601A external-priority patent/AT410104B/de
Priority claimed from AT0062102A external-priority patent/AT411532B/de
Application filed by Huette Klein Reichenbach GmbH filed Critical Huette Klein Reichenbach GmbH
Publication of EP1288320A2 publication Critical patent/EP1288320A2/de
Publication of EP1288320A3 publication Critical patent/EP1288320A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1288320B1 publication Critical patent/EP1288320B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/086—Gas foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
    • B22F2003/1106—Product comprising closed porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for introducing gas into a melt of foamable metal by means of at least one tube for the production of metal foam.
  • the invention comprises a method for the production of metal foam by blowing gas into a foamable molten metal.
  • the innovative technology increasingly demands materials with a new property profile.
  • a material is a metal foam, on the one hand, in comparison with a solid material, has a much lower specific gravity and on the other hand has different mechanical properties and a completely different material liability.
  • An introduction of gas into the liquid metal can also be carried out according to EP-545957 B1 by means of a vortex, in which thus formed and solidified foam material pores with different diameters, resulting in a little reproducible material behavior results. Adjusting the pore size or size distribution in the foam body is not possible to a sufficient extent.
  • gas is introduced into the melt by means of an insertion device which has a quiriform design and has gas outlet openings on the outside of the wing ends.
  • a similar embodiment of the gas introducing means or a vibrating or oscillating nozzle is disclosed in US 5 334 236.
  • a strong shearing action for breaking the gas stream as it enters the melt of foamable metal is introduced into a series of bubbles is applied.
  • a "rotating impeller” called a vibration or a reciprocating motion of the nozzle, wherein a gas supply by means of immersed sonic or Ultraschallhom is disclosed as possible.
  • the bubble or cell size of the foam can be adjusted according to D1 by the amount of gas, the "impeller” configuration and the rotational speed used, as well as the amplitude and frequency of a home in an oscillation or vibration system.
  • the invention seeks to remedy the situation and sets itself the goal of a device of to provide the aforementioned type, with which gas in the form of approximately equal volume having, adjustable in size pores or bubbles in the melt can be introduced.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for creating a desired metal foam.
  • the aim is achieved with a generic device according to the invention in that the gas feed pipe protrudes in the melting vessel projecting into the melt and the einragenden end a gas outlet cross-section having an area from 0.006 to 0.2 mm 2 and a pipe end surface of smaller than 4.0 mm 2 has.
  • the design of the device can advantageously be made so that the outlet opening of the gas inlet tube is designed protruding into the melt to an extent of at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times, the value of the largest internal dimension of the outlet opening. This makes it particularly effective to achieve stable tear-off criteria for the bubbles in the melt.
  • the gas inlet tube a circular gas outlet opening and has a Rohrstimkante or annular Rohrstim requirement, are particularly economically Rohrstim lateren to control the gas bubble size created.
  • the projecting into the melt gas inlet tube at least in the region of the gas outlet end a kugelsegment-, truncated or truncated pyramidal outer contour. It is advantageous to design the outer contour of the gas inlet tube so that the angle which the generatrix of the stump surface encloses with the axis of the gas inlet channel has a value of less than 60 °, preferably less than 45 °.
  • Plant technology but also with regard to the performance of the system and the product quality, it can further provide a significant advantage, if at least 2, preferably more than 2 Gaseintragsrohre, in particular each with the same mutual distance, preferably a value of greater than 10 times the Einrageausiquesconcees the outlet opening and the gas inlet tube into the melt, are arranged in a replaceable nozzle in the melt vessel of metal foam plants.
  • a large amount of high-quality foam in short periods of time is possible, which is optionally desired in a pre-material intensive further processing, in particular of large parts.
  • the invention aims at a further embodiment, with which even in continuous operation over long periods stable Gasblasenablinatekriterien can be achieved when foaming a molten metal.
  • a particularly high inertness and thus excellent performance properties are achieved in a device according to the invention, when the ceramic is an oxide ceramic, in particular an aluminum oxide ceramic.
  • the uniformity of the size of the individual bubbles can be achieved in a simple manner by means of the introduction of the gas introduction tube into the melt and the size of the individual bubbles can be controlled by the size of the gas outlet cross section, the size of the injection tube face area and the height of the gas pressure.
  • the size of the gas outlet cross section can be controlled by the size of the injection tube face area and the height of the gas pressure.
  • metal foam bodies each have the same volume but different sizes of gas bubbles, their material behavior is also different upon deformation, as a result of which an item which is highly suitable for this purpose can be created for certain applications.
  • Process engineering but also with regard to a high product quality may be further advantageous if the gas at a pressure of (0.3 to 12) x 10 5 Pa, preferably (0.7 to 5) x 10 5 Pa, in the foaming metal is injected.
  • Particularly lightweight or low density having metal foam body can be created when the melt of light metal, preferably made of Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is formed.
  • the melt of light metal preferably made of Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is formed.
  • Foaming of the metal, but also the formation of the foam matrix or the foam wall are substantially improved if SiC particles and / or Al 2 O 3 particles, and optionally further non-metallic particles and / or particles of intermetallic phases, are added to create the foamability be set. It is in view of the stability and strength, in particular buckling strength of the foam walls of importance if particles for stabilizing the metal foam with a size of 1 to 50 microns, preferably 3 to 20 microns, added and evenly distributed in the foam matrix, with excellent Results can be achieved if in the base metal, a foamable molten metal with a volume fraction of particles from 2 to 50 vol .-%, in particular from 18 to 28 vol .-% is created.
  • An integral object of the invention to develop the method such that a partial bursting of bubbles is largely prevented, is achieved in that the gas at least a distance S (in millimeters) according to the context S - 11 . 5 + 144 . 6 ⁇ P - 0 . 55 where P is the numerical value of the particle content of the melt in vol .-%, is injected below the melt surface.
  • the advantages achieved by the development of the invention are, above all, that the provision of a riser height according to the invention the gas bubbles introduced into the molten metal melt must travel a minimum distance in the particle-containing melt when ascending to the melt surface, on which way at the surfaces of the gas bubbles each sufficient Particles can be accumulated to stabilize the bubbles once they have crossed the melt surface against bursting.
  • foamable metal melts with a low content of particles, for example of two percent by volume can now also be easily converted into stable high-quality metal foams by providing a correspondingly high rise height in accordance with the invention.
  • an oxygen-containing gas preferably air, in particular substantially pure oxygen
  • air in particular substantially pure oxygen
  • the invention also aims to provide a flowable metal foam with gas bubbles, which is bounded by walls of a liquid metal matrix with solid reinforcing particles. This goal is achieved in that the diameter of the largest gas bubbles broken by those of the smallest gas bubbles results in a value of less than 2.5.
  • a flowable metal foam can be formed and solidified with high accuracy into parts using different means, depending on Einzeiblasenificat and ratio value, a certain density of the part and its compression behavior can be achieved at Druckwoodsbeaufschlagung.
  • Foam parts with a density of 0.09 to 0.11 experience, for example, only slightly increasing compressive stresses of 0.25 to 0.8 MPa compression ratios up to 70%.
  • a metal foam body which withstands both high surface and high punctual mechanical stress, is achieved in that in a metal foam of the type mentioned, the pores are formed substantially spherical and / or ellipsoidal closed, wherein the respective largest diameter of the pores a mono modal Distribution and that the pores are formed substantially of individual stabilized bubbles and that the wall inner surfaces are at least partially coated with an oxide.
  • the metal foam body additionally has an oxide-reinforced pore wall structure, whereby an increased load-bearing capacity can be achieved in use or a service life of components with a metal foam unit can be increased. Due to a formation of the pores in such a way that the pores essentially correspond to individual, stabilized bubbles of a flowable metal foam, the metal foam body is suitable for use in components not only with high surface load, but also with high punctiform load.
  • a gas inlet tube 1 is shown, which protrudes with a degree E in a melt.
  • the gas inlet tube 1 has between inner surface 4 and outer surface 5 a constant wall thickness with a Rohrstim determination 3, which projects into the melt S on.
  • Fig. 2 shows a gas inlet tube 1 with a Einragetress E in a melt S, which tube 1 in the outlet region has a truncated or truncated pyramidal outer contour 6, which has an angle to the axis 7 of a gas inlet passage in the extension.
  • a gas inlet tube 1 can be formed with a low surface area up to a front end with high stability and strength of the base part a Rohrstim configuration 3.
  • Fig. 3 is an embodiment with a nozzle 8, which is preferably arranged detachably in a wall 9 of a melt vessel, removable.
  • Three gas inlet tubes 1, 1 ', 1 "projecting into a melt S are arranged at a distance A 1 and A 2 from each other in the nozzle 8.
  • Such easily exchangeable nozzle rods 8 are preferably used when metal foams having substantially the same single bubble volume but different Bubble sizes are to produce, because thereby the educational criteria: size of the gas outlet cross-section and size of the gas inlet tube end face, can be changed in the short term.
  • a convex concavity is formed in the latter at the outlet opening 2 of the entry hole 1.
  • the melt depends on the surrounding area of the gas outlet opening. Because now the interface system melt / wall is present as a hydrophobic system, the adhesion of the liquid metal around the gas outlet opening is low, which leads to separation phenomena and planar emigration of the gas bubble boundary on the wall. As a result, the separation conditions for the gas bubble are largely indefinite, which can lead to very different bubble sizes. Should by means of several Bubbles are created, they combine in most cases, whereby a desired foaming is prevented or an uneven bubble structure of the metal foam is formed.
  • a gas inlet tube 1 protruding according to the invention has an inner diameter D 2 and a gas outlet cross section 2 and an outer diameter D 1, this results in the dimension of the tube end face 3.
  • Adjacent gas inlet tubes 1, 1 ', 1 " which protrude into a foamable melt S, form defined separation criteria for gas bubbles due to the surfaces recessed at the outer edges of the end faces 3, so that a combination and formation of large bubbles is largely ruled out.
  • Extensive series of experiments have various respective particle-containing aluminum alloys, for example AISI7Mg, also known as A 356 aluminum alloy with, in addition to aluminum, essentially 7 wt .-% silicon and 1 wt .-% magnesium, or for example AA 6061 (aluminum alloy having a composition according to Standardization Aluminum Association Number 6061), melted in a crucible, wherein an adjustment of the particle content in the melt was optionally carried out by admixing a corresponding in the chemical composition, parity-free alloy. Subsequently, gas was introduced into the particle-containing melts. The entry was made in each case over a single nozzle body with a Outlet, with nozzle body made of chrome-nickel steel and ceramic were used.
  • AISI7Mg also known as A 356 aluminum alloy with, in addition to aluminum, essentially 7 wt .-% silicon and 1 wt .-% magnesium, or for example AA 6061 (aluminum alloy having a composition according to Standardization Aluminum
  • Fig. 2 shows the pore size distribution of a metal foam, which was created in compliance with the foaming conditions of the invention.
  • the proportion of pores with approximately 6 mm is proportionately only slightly higher than that with 2 mm, that is, the pore sizes are too high distributed on both sides of a mean value in approximately the same extent or the same frequency.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
EP02450138A 2001-06-15 2002-06-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum Expired - Lifetime EP1288320B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT9362001 2001-06-15
AT0093601A AT410104B (de) 2001-06-15 2001-06-15 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von metallschaum
AT0062102A AT411532B (de) 2002-04-22 2002-04-22 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von metallschaum
AT6212002 2002-04-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1288320A2 EP1288320A2 (de) 2003-03-05
EP1288320A3 EP1288320A3 (de) 2003-03-12
EP1288320B1 true EP1288320B1 (de) 2006-04-19

Family

ID=25608370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02450138A Expired - Lifetime EP1288320B1 (de) 2001-06-15 2002-06-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1288320B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP2003112253A (cs)
AT (1) ATE323785T1 (cs)
CA (1) CA2390745C (cs)
CZ (1) CZ302631B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE50206447D1 (cs)
ES (1) ES2263762T3 (cs)
NO (1) NO335092B1 (cs)
PT (1) PT1288320E (cs)
SI (1) SI1288320T1 (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014166841A1 (de) 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Sma Solar Technology Ag Poren-druckguss

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT411768B (de) 2002-09-09 2004-05-25 Huette Klein Reichenbach Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von fliessfähigem metallschaum
DE102005037305B4 (de) * 2005-08-02 2007-05-16 Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin Gmbh Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Metallschaumstoff und von Teilen aus Metallschaumstoff
DE102006031213B3 (de) * 2006-07-03 2007-09-06 Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschäumen und Metallschaum
DE102008000100B4 (de) 2008-01-18 2013-10-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines leichtgewichtigen Grünkörpers, danach hergestellter leichtgewichtiger Grünkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines leichtgewichtigen Formkörpers
CN112342423A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2021-02-09 安徽省新方尊自动化科技有限公司 一种泡沫铝枪托的加工方法

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1217597A (en) * 1968-10-03 1970-12-31 Carrier Engineering Co Ltd Improvements in air distribution devices for delivering air to enclosures
GR71466B (cs) * 1978-03-06 1983-05-30 Alcan Res & Dev
US5112697A (en) * 1989-09-06 1992-05-12 Alcan International Limited Stabilized metal foam body
JPH03170630A (ja) * 1989-11-29 1991-07-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 発泡金属の製造方法
EP0587619B1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1996-07-10 Alcan International Limited Process and apparatus for producing shaped slabs of particle stabilized foamed metal
US5186886A (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-02-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Composite nozzle assembly for conducting a flow of molten metal in an electromagnetic valve
DE4139020C2 (de) * 1991-11-27 1994-02-24 Pantec Paneltechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallschaums
US5281251A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-01-25 Alcan International Limited Process for shape casting of particle stabilized metal foam
JP2000176613A (ja) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-27 Japan Science & Technology Corp 溶融金属中への微細気泡の分散方法、その装置および微細気泡含有金属
JP2000263194A (ja) * 1999-03-15 2000-09-26 Nippon Steel Corp 溶湯噴射用ノズル
FR2792948B1 (fr) * 1999-04-27 2001-06-08 Pechiney Rhenalu Procede et dispositif ameliores de degazage et de separation des inclusions d'un bain de metal liquide par injection de bulles de gaz

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014166841A1 (de) 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Sma Solar Technology Ag Poren-druckguss
DE102013103672A1 (de) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Poren-Druckguss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE323785T1 (de) 2006-05-15
CA2390745C (en) 2007-06-05
NO20022795L (no) 2002-12-16
CZ20022036A3 (cs) 2003-02-12
DE50206447D1 (de) 2006-05-24
SI1288320T1 (sl) 2006-08-31
CA2390745A1 (en) 2002-12-15
NO20022795D0 (no) 2002-06-12
NO335092B1 (no) 2014-09-08
EP1288320A2 (de) 2003-03-05
JP2003112253A (ja) 2003-04-15
ES2263762T3 (es) 2006-12-16
EP1288320A3 (de) 2003-03-12
CZ302631B6 (cs) 2011-08-10
PT1288320E (pt) 2006-08-31

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