EP1303374A1 - Machine-outil - Google Patents

Machine-outil

Info

Publication number
EP1303374A1
EP1303374A1 EP01960524A EP01960524A EP1303374A1 EP 1303374 A1 EP1303374 A1 EP 1303374A1 EP 01960524 A EP01960524 A EP 01960524A EP 01960524 A EP01960524 A EP 01960524A EP 1303374 A1 EP1303374 A1 EP 1303374A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
workpiece
spindle
chuck
machine tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01960524A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Dengler
Armin Thierfelder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Original Assignee
Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH filed Critical Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH
Publication of EP1303374A1 publication Critical patent/EP1303374A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B23/00—Tailstocks; Centres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
    • B23B31/30—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using fluid-pressure means in the chuck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/06—Milling crankshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
    • B24B41/061—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies axially supporting turning workpieces, e.g. magnetically, pneumatically
    • B24B41/062—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies axially supporting turning workpieces, e.g. magnetically, pneumatically between centres; Dogs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • B24B5/421—Supports therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to lathes and other machine tools in which the workpiece is rotatably received by a workpiece spindle, and to a method for producing in particular the headstock of such a machine.
  • Machines that hold the workpiece in a drivable manner during processing such as lathes, broaching machines, turning-milling machines, cylindrical grinding machines, each have at least one workpiece spindle with which the workpiece is firmly connected.
  • the workpiece spindle is driven by a spindle motor at the desired speed.
  • a chuck which is non-rotatably arranged on the workpiece spindle and has clamping elements for holding the workpiece.
  • clamping elements for holding the workpiece.
  • these are the known, radially movable clamping jaws of a three-jaw chuck, for example, which are moved evenly radially inwards and press against the outer circumference of the workpiece in the end region, as a result of which the workpiece is connected to the chuck in a rotationally fixed and axially fixed manner.
  • the clamping force is usually applied hydraulically by applying pressure to a clamping cylinder that is aligned with the axis of rotation of the chuck.
  • the longitudinal displacement of the clamping piston in the clamping cylinder causes - as a rule translated by means of a wedge gear - the radial displacement of the clamping jaws, including a strengthening.
  • the spindle is usually designed as a hollow tube, which is rotatably mounted in the headstock housing, on the front end of which the chuck is seated, while the clamping cylinder is arranged on the rear end. Both parts rotate together with the workpiece spindle.
  • the longitudinal movement of the clamping piston is transmitted to the chuck by means of tie rods or draw tubes that run through the inside of the workpiece spindle, since efforts have been made to avoid the necessary storage, usually a roller bearing, between the spindle and the headstock housing to grow up.
  • the rotary distributor for the hydraulic oil was also arranged - again axially lined up - as well as the non-rotating supply flange to which the hydraulic oil lines were connected. The rotary distributor transfers the stationary supply flange to the rotating clamping cylinder.
  • transverse arrangement of the machine within the line is also not a solution, since on the one hand a 90 ° swivel of the otherwise longitudinally transported workpiece before and after this transverse machine tool would be necessary, and on the other hand such a transverse position within the machine line at one point would result in a much greater width than the other width of the line of approx. 2 m.
  • the goal is achieved by reducing the axial length of the one or two headstock units.
  • the axial length of the already hollow workpiece spindle is used to accommodate components or parts of the components that were otherwise located in front of and behind the workpiece spindle, for example the clamping cylinder.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is that there is no longer a clear separation of the chuck functions and the clamping cylinder functions, and the large functional density of the functionally combined components means that there is a complicated component which is problematic in terms of troubleshooting. The risk of leaks and their location in the hydraulic part of the front end chuck is also relatively high.
  • the chuck and clamping cylinder axially one behind the other and in terms of their functions as before, but without or with a significantly smaller axial distance from one another than before, and the clamping group thus created at least partially in the length range of the workpiece spindle, namely in the hollow interior of the workpiece spindle to accommodate.
  • the diameter of the workpiece spindle is dimensioned much larger than before.
  • the clamping cylinder generally has the smaller outside diameter with regard to the chuck and the clamping cylinder, this is accommodated in the interior of the workpiece spindle, while the chuck sits on the front end of the workpiece spindle as before.
  • the clamping group consisting of chuck and clamping cylinder, possibly also comprising a rotary distributor and supply flange, is preferably also pre-assembled as a clamping group from the assembly sequence and also functionally tested, and only then inserted into the workpiece spindle from the front.
  • the chuck is screwed onto the front end of the workpiece spindle, preferably with its back plate.
  • the piston diameter and thus the inside diameter of the spindle must be adjusted.
  • the larger spindle diameter is advantageous for the better one Force absorption in the headstock housing and on the other hand also with regard to the usability of the spindle as a component of an integrated motor:
  • the spindle While in the conventional construction of a headstock, the spindle, which is rotatably mounted in the housing of the headstock, is driven by a motor gear, belt transmission or the like by a motor also present on the headstock housing, in the case of a so-called integrated motor, the spindle itself is a component of the electric motor, usually the rotor, and accordingly equipped on the outer circumference either with at least one electrical conductor, in particular in the form of windings, or with permanent magnets.
  • the surrounding headstock housing is designed analogously as a stator.
  • the torque that can be applied by such a motor increases with the nominal diameter of the stator / rotor, which facilitates the formation of an integrated motor and lowers its costs, particularly in the case of slow-running spindles such as the turning, turning and broaching machines.
  • it is an electrical conductor made of magnetostrictive material, which is usually arranged in a stretched manner along the movement path.
  • the component to be moved has a magnet which is moved along the magnetostrictive conductor.
  • the telemetric transmission of measurement signals within the machine can also be used.
  • the intended measurand is measured directly at the point of origin, for example the clamping force of the chuck against the workpiece by means of a strain gauge, which is arranged directly on the clamping jaw, instead of measuring the force of the clamping piston against the clamping cylinder.
  • the measurement signal determined in this way is preferably transmitted wirelessly, by means of radio, infrared or other electromagnetic waves, to a receiver, preferably close to the control unit of the machine.
  • the signal does not have to be conducted along the spindle to its end.
  • a foil antenna serves as the antenna for signal transmission, which can also be arranged on a rotating part of the machine, for example the chuck or the clamping cylinder, and transmits the signal to a receiver which is on a non-rotating part of the machine, for example on or in Spindle housing, is arranged. This avoids the mechanical or electrical wired signal transmission from a rotating to a non-rotating component.
  • This type of position monitoring makes it possible to enter the end positions into the machine control via software when they reach the Propulsion of the corresponding assembly is stopped automatically. In particular, it is possible to precisely monitor the position of the clamping piston in the clamping cylinder when the workpiece is clamped.
  • the workpiece spindle partially surrounding the clamping group can simultaneously be used as an electromagnetic shield for such magnetostrictive measuring systems, for example by coating the inner circumference of the workpiece spindle with shielding material. It is not possible to shield the open end faces as long as the rotary distributor and the supply flange protrude from the rear end of the workpiece spindle and the chuck from the front end.
  • FIG. 1 The integration of the machine in production lines under supervision
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic dimensioning of a machine tool, in which the workpiece is driven in a rotationally drivable manner by one or two opposing workpiece spindles 2 during machining, in a top view.
  • crankshaft processing machine with a rotary broaching unit and a rotary milling unit, in which the unstable crankshaft is received as a workpiece 20 at both ends by a headstock 12.
  • Fig. 1a shows the inclusion of such a.
  • a rotationally drivable workpiece spindle or its several equipped machine tool 1 in a production line with other workpiece machines V, 1 ", 1 '", whereby - which is the most common case - the workpieces from machine to machine are transported further in a direction of passage 30 and the workpieces 20 are oriented such that their longitudinal direction 10 coincides with this direction of passage 30.
  • one with two drivable, Machine tools 1 equipped with mutually directed workpiece spindles have a significantly longer length within the production line than the other machines.
  • Fig. 1b shows a way to reduce the length requirement of the same production line.
  • the machine tool 1 equipped with one or two rotationally drivable workpiece spindles is arranged in the production line in such a way that the workpiece 20 accommodated in the machine tool 1 lies with its longitudinal direction 10 transverse to the direction of travel 30 of the workpieces through the entire production line.
  • the space requirement and thus also the space requirement for the machine tool 1 in the longitudinal direction of the production line is lower, but additional space in the longitudinal direction in the line is required in order to provide turning devices 31 before and after this transverse machine tool 1, which fix the workpiece 20 turn by 90 ° for further handling.
  • Another problem is the very high-rise control cabinets and loading devices, which are often attached to the back of such a machine tool 1 and in this case must also be overcome when delivering and removing workpieces.
  • Fig. 2 shows the previous structure of a headstock according to the prior art using a machine tool with only one tool support.
  • Fig. 3 shows designs of the headstock according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a machine tool with two headstocks 12 facing each other.
  • a tool system is present on the bed 18 of the machine, that is, as usual, a longitudinal slide 21 which runs in the longitudinal direction 10 along longitudinal guides 23 is movable.
  • a cross slide 24 can be moved in the transverse direction, which carries the disk-shaped tool 25 in this case, namely a disk-shaped milling cutter with cutting edges on the circumference, which is rotatably supported in the cross slide 24.
  • the axis of rotation of the tool 25 is parallel to the axis of rotation, the Z direction, of the two headstocks 12, which between them accommodate the workpiece 20, a crankshaft with splitpin bearing journals, so that the longitudinal direction 10 of the crankshaft with the axis of rotation and thus Longitudinal direction of the headstocks 12 coincides.
  • the workpiece 20 is held on the circumference in the end regions by the jaws 5a, b .. of a chuck 4.
  • the chuck 4 is fixed on the front face of a workpiece spindle 2, which is rotatably mounted in the housing 12 'of the headstock.
  • the workpiece spindles 2 are driven in rotation by one or two separate motors, which are not shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity.
  • a clamping cylinder 6 is arranged centrally on the rear end face of the workpiece spindles 2, which is located in the length range behind the spindle 2 and also behind the spindle housing 12 '.
  • the rotary distributor 8 and a supply flange 9 are arranged one after the other on the rear end face of this clamping cylinder 6.
  • the supply flange 9 is used to fasten the supply lines for the functions of the headstock, mainly the hydraulic lines for loading the clamping cylinder 6 with hydraulic oil under pressure.
  • the workpiece spindle 2 is hollow throughout in the longitudinal direction, so that tie rods 13 run from the clamping cylinder 6 through this interior space 7 to the chuck 4, which transmit the movement of the clamping piston 16 in the clamping cylinder 6 to the chuck 4, in order to there the clamping jaws 5a, b .. to move radially relative to the chuck 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows a shortened construction of the headstocks 12a or 12b with an otherwise analogous design of the machine tool 1.
  • the workpiece spindle 12 mounted in the housing 12 'of the headstock has a substantially larger diameter, as a result of which the interior space 7 of the workpiece spindle 12, which is continuously open in the longitudinal direction 10, also becomes significantly larger.
  • the chuck 4 is still attached to the front face of the workpiece spindle 2, possibly via a back plate 11, but the enlargement of the interior space 7 now makes it possible for the element with the next smallest diameter compared to the chuck 4, namely the clamping cylinder 6 to record already in the inner diameter of the interior 7.
  • the components in the longitudinal direction on the back of the clamping cylinder 6, namely the rotary distributor 8 and the supply flange 9, are even smaller in diameter and can therefore also be accommodated in the interior of the workpiece spindle 2.
  • This design also enables all components rotating together with the workpiece spindle 2, i.e. at least the chuck 4, which has the largest outer diameter, and the clamping cylinder 6, which generally follows immediately, optionally also the rotary distributor 8 and the supply flange 9 as a clamping group pre-assemble and check for function.
  • This Clamping group can thus be procured completely from outside and only has to be inserted into the open front of spindle 2 in the factory in which machine tool 1 is manufactured and screwed there.
  • the drive of the spindle 2 in the headstock 12a takes place conventionally, that is to say via a toothing 14 arranged on the outer circumference of the spindle 2, in which a gearwheel 15 of a gear engages, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the driving spindle motor 3, which sits on the housing 12 'of the headstock ,
  • the right headstock 12b differs from the left in the type of drive of the spindle 2:
  • this drive takes place by means of a so-called integrated motor, the workpiece spindle 2 rotating relative to one another and the headstock housing 12 'forming the two parts of the electric motor that are movable relative to one another, that is to say the rotor and the stator.
  • windings of electrical conductors 19, 19 ' are arranged in the outer circumference of the workpiece spindle 2 and in the inner circumference of the housing 12', which serve to convert electrical energy into kinetic energy in the form of a rotating drive of the workpiece spindle 2.
  • the larger diameter, also outer diameter, of the workpiece spindle 2 compared to the conventional design is advantageous in that the torque generated by this motor increases with increasing diameter of the motor windings of this integrated electric motor, so that such an embodiment is particularly suitable for machine tools, in which the workpiece 20 must be driven with high torques, but with low speeds.
  • Fig. 3 also shows in the right clamping cylinder 6, the tensioning piston 16 running therein, and a position measuring system, which also serves as a limit switch, and from a movable part, for. B. magnet 17b, which is arranged in the movable component, the clamping piston 16, and one along the cylinder wall in Clamping cylinder 6 arranged fixed part, for. B. an electrical conductor 17a made of magnetostrictive material.
  • the exact position of the magnet 17b with respect to the conductor 17a which usually extends in the longitudinal direction 10 can be determined by an electronic evaluation circuit.
  • a control of the machine tool is coupled to the evaluation device, into which maximum positions for the magnet 17b in the longitudinal direction 10 can also be entered, upon reaching which the movement of the magnet 17b, in this case the clamping piston 16, is stopped by suitable measures, in this case by stopping the pressure oil supply.
  • the same magnetostrictive position monitors and limit switches are also for other components to be moved, for example the clamping jaws 5a, b .. with respect to the chuck 4, for the tool slide or - in the case of longitudinally movable headstock housings 12 '- for their position along the bed 18 of the machine tool possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

Une tête porte-broche de l'état de la technique est relativement longue du fait que le mandrin, la broche montée rotatif et le cylindre de serrage etc. sont disposés axialement les uns après les autres. La présente invention permet un raccourcissement grâce à la mise en place du cylindre de serrage à l'intérieur de la broche ayant un diamètre intérieur plus élevé. De plus, le cylindre de serrage et le mandrin sont fixés directement l'un à l'autre et font l'objet d'un montage préalable et d'une vérification de fonctionnement en tant module. La présente invention convient particulièrement en cas de moteur de broche intégré, le diamètre extérieur supérieur de la broche (diamètre d'enroulement) ayant un effet positif sur le couple d'un moteur intégré de ce type.
EP01960524A 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Machine-outil Withdrawn EP1303374A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000135718 DE10035718A1 (de) 2000-07-21 2000-07-21 Werkzeugmaschine
DE10035718 2000-07-21
PCT/EP2001/008415 WO2002007920A1 (fr) 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Machine-outil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1303374A1 true EP1303374A1 (fr) 2003-04-23

Family

ID=7649837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01960524A Withdrawn EP1303374A1 (fr) 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Machine-outil

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1303374A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10035718A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002007920A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10245071B4 (de) * 2002-09-27 2006-08-24 Niles-Simmons Industrieanlagen Gmbh Maschine zum Schruppen und Schlichten der Lagerzapfen von Kurbelwellen
DE60332387D1 (de) 2002-12-13 2010-06-10 Warner Lambert Co Alpha-2-delta-ligand zur behandlung vonsymptomen der unteren harnwege
DE10317318A1 (de) 2003-04-11 2004-10-21 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Maschine zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken, insbesondere von Kurbel- und Nockenwellen, mit mindestens einem Innen-Rundfräswerkzeug
DE202004015343U1 (de) * 2004-07-06 2005-11-17 Kennametal Inc. Werkzeug und Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken
US8269612B2 (en) 2008-07-10 2012-09-18 Black & Decker Inc. Communication protocol for remotely controlled laser devices
US9908182B2 (en) 2012-01-30 2018-03-06 Black & Decker Inc. Remote programming of a power tool
US8919456B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2014-12-30 Black & Decker Inc. Fastener setting algorithm for drill driver
US20130327552A1 (en) 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having multiple operating modes
CN111136296B (zh) * 2020-01-16 2024-12-10 杭州泽正机械有限公司 一种高档数控设备加工轮毂轴承专用卡盘
US20230321780A1 (en) 2020-08-28 2023-10-12 Etxe-Tar, S.A. Machine tool
CN112355808B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-12-03 诸暨市鸿强轴瓦有限公司 一种工业机械用打磨机

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5036735A (en) * 1988-01-20 1991-08-06 Vakhidov Khaidar A Bar-clamping device
DE3809619A1 (de) * 1988-03-22 1989-10-12 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bearbeitung von rotationssymmetrischen bauteilen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0207920A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002007920A1 (fr) 2002-01-31
DE10035718A1 (de) 2002-02-07

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