EP1323876B1 - Panneau, espaceur et poutre en treillis adapté pour ce panneau, bâtiment et méthode de construction - Google Patents

Panneau, espaceur et poutre en treillis adapté pour ce panneau, bâtiment et méthode de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1323876B1
EP1323876B1 EP02028822A EP02028822A EP1323876B1 EP 1323876 B1 EP1323876 B1 EP 1323876B1 EP 02028822 A EP02028822 A EP 02028822A EP 02028822 A EP02028822 A EP 02028822A EP 1323876 B1 EP1323876 B1 EP 1323876B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction element
spacers
nail plate
ribs
panel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02028822A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1323876A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Opitz
Ludger Klus
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tabular component according to the preamble of claim 1, a spacer according to the preamble of claim 19, a rib pair carrier according to the preamble of claim 28, a building according to the preamble of claim 29 and a method for its construction according to the preamble of Claim 31.
  • ком ⁇ онентs of cross-spaced from each other cover plates, which are connected by spacers together to form a kind of sandwich system are widely known.
  • a component consists of at least two spaced-apart and interconnected by transverse webs panels, both the panels and the transverse webs should at least partially consist of a plate-shaped material made of plant materials.
  • the DE 199 57 080 A1 shows cover plates between which laterally spaced rafter-like beams are arranged, which connect the cover plates. In the open spaces between the beams is insulation material.
  • WO 97/39204 From the WO 97/39204 is a structural module for creating flat constructions, in particular of walls, in which between the cover plates bar-shaped superposed layers of wood are arranged, which connect the cover plates.
  • the module has an elongated shape. At the two longitudinal edges complementary connecting elements are provided so that walls can be obtained by joining such modules.
  • the said known components have in common that the connecting elements extend from one cover plate to the other and act directly on them, whereby the heat transfer is facilitated and so-called heat or cold bridges are favored.
  • the known embodiments have in common that the connecting elements of the cover plates in the form of continuous bars or webs bridge the entire distance space between the cover plates, so that closed cassettes are formed, between which no transition is possible. This means that the introduction of loose or soft insulation material between the cover plates can always be done only cassettes and before joining the cover plates.
  • the invention is in a first aspect the object of the invention to provide a device of the type in question, in which the heat transfer between the cover plates is reduced and the filling is facilitated with insulating material between the cover plate.
  • the connecting elements in the form of bars of the known components are replaced by the metallic spacers, which have only a small, the introduction of insulating material not appreciably obstructing cross-section, which is made possible by their metallic design.
  • the tensile and bending strength of a metallic component which will usually consist of steel in practice, is much higher than in the case of a component made of a wood, wood chip or similar material. In this way, the forces occurring between the cover plates can be transmitted with small cross-sections, the small cross-sections at the same time provide for a low heat transfer through lines along the spacers.
  • the spacers do not attack directly on the cover plate, but comply with at least one side with its local end a distance from the respective cover plate by attached to the cover plate associated block-like, no thermal bridging elements.
  • the invention has already been realized if the block-like elements for the attack of the spacers are provided only on a cover plate.
  • the block-like elements are present opposite one another on the mutually facing sides of both cover plates.
  • the block-like elements may be formed by over substantial parts of the width of the cover plate or the entire width of continuous ribs.
  • Ribs are preferred because they stiffen the cover plates and make the device statically cheaper. Ribs that are attached to a cover plate, but should not reach to the other cover plate, but leave a gap.
  • width and length of the components only a few spacers are provided in width and length of the components.
  • the "width" of the components will usually correspond to the usual storey height or be the span of conventional ceilings or rafters.
  • the ribs run parallel to one another with transverse spacing, in particular in the vertical or fall direction of such a component.
  • a maximum of three spacers may be provided, e.g. on the one side parallel to the plane of the components and two on the opposite side.
  • adjacent ribs may have a distance corresponding to the usual rafter distance - about 50 to 150 cm - (claim 8).
  • the elongate metallic spacers may form a first group which is inclined at an angle to the cover plates and a second group which is inclined at an angle opposite to that of FIG Cover plates stands.
  • the spacers of the two groups acting on the sides of the ribs opposite one another parallel to the surface of the component can be provided at different locations along the ribs, for example the spacers one side in the middle between two spacers on the other side.
  • the stability perpendicular to the ribs can be improved according to claim 10, characterized in that spacers of the two groups are crossed in pairs opposite each other to both sides perpendicular to the cover plates of the ribs.
  • resistance to thrust pairs parallel to the ribs is not only dependent on the flexural strength of the individual spacers, but this resistance is doubled by the paired arrangement.
  • a feature which is likewise important for the stability of the component along the ribs is the subject of claim 11.
  • the spacers therefore have stops which rest on the mutually facing end faces of the block-like elements or the ribs and, when the shear strength of the nailing is exceeded, the pivoting of the spacer make it more difficult in the plane parallel to the ribs and perpendicular to the cover plates.
  • the components should be open at the edges. This is especially true for the edges in the direction of fall.
  • two ribs each of which is associated with one of the ceiling panels, may be connected by the spacers to form a rib pair carrier, which constitutes a separately manufacturable and manageable component.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention consists according to claim 14 in that one of the cover plates is a solid wood or wood-based material board of a thickness suitable for carrying one of its horizontal extension portion of a projectile load thickness. Such an embodiment is primarily, but not exclusively, applicable to vertical wall parts of a building.
  • the solid wood or wood-based panel is preferably located on the side facing the interior of the building and serves as a masonry wall for supporting a ceiling or the roof truss.
  • a contemplated embodiment provides that the wood or wood-based panel is a multilayer locked wooden panel (claim 16), which may be formed according to claim 17.
  • the thick plate consists of several layers of wooden boards or boards directly adjacent to each other within a layer and parallel to each other, but the directions at adjacent layers are different and e.g. run at 90 ° to each other.
  • the cover plate thus formed is compact, i. the whole volume of the cover plate is filled with wood.
  • the number of layers must always be ungrade, that is, for example, three, five, and so on. It It should be understood that when using such a tabular member for an upright wall, the outer sheets have a vertical orientation of the boards or slats.
  • the individual boards or slats can be glued or nailed together, stapled or the like.
  • the preferred arrangement provides according to claim 18, that the cover plate formed by the thick wood or wood-based panel is arranged on the inside of the building.
  • the invention is embodied in a further aspect also in a spacer according to claim 19 for a tabular component according to one of claims 1 to 18, which is formed by a substantially planar strip-shaped nail plate having at least one end of nail zones, the attack are determined to the cover plates vertical side surfaces of the block-like elements or ribs.
  • a nail plate with beads or similar reinforcements should still be considered in this sense as "essentially flat”.
  • the strip-like nail plates are so in the finished building element with its level in a direction parallel to the ribs, perpendicular to the cover plates level.
  • the nail zones may have a plurality of "nails” distributed over the extent of the nail zones, as the actual nails can be understood, which are nailed through correspondingly distributed holes of the nail plate, but also through of the material of the nail plate at an angle of 90 ° stamped out, eg triangular tips can be formed, which can be taken even in the block-like elements or ribs or pressed with a nail press.
  • the nail plates can near at least one end according to claim 20 having the aforementioned attacks, which occupy an angle of 90 ° to the nail plate and on the support the outer longitudinal end face of the block-like element or the rib.
  • the stops may be formed by protruding from the plane of the perforated plate ribs or webs.
  • stops may be at an angle, e.g. approximately at 45 °, extend to the longitudinal direction of the spacers, wherein the stop surfaces are the flat side surfaces of the stops (claim 22).
  • the stops can also be arranged on the longitudinal edges of the nail plate and run parallel to these, wherein the stop surfaces are the front edges of the stops perpendicular to the nail plate (claim 23).
  • the attacks can be formed in particular by trimming the material of the strip-shaped nail plate (claim 24). But it is also possible to weld the attacks on the material of the nail plate or stick (claim 25).
  • the stops may also be formed by pins protruding from the nail plate, e.g. by pins or studs seated in perforations of the nail plate (claim 26).
  • the invention is embodied in other aspects also in a rib pair carrier according to claim 28 and in a building according to claim 29 and / or 30.
  • the presence of the continuous interior opens up the possibility to easily pull through supply lines such as electrical lines or water pipes formed from plastic hoses, the easy to make the transition between wall and ceiling.
  • a method of constructing such a structure may according to claim 31 be that the continuous insulation space, be it in a single component, or in adjacent components after erecting and joining together with heat insulating material or insulating material is filled, for example by according to claim 32 of Isolation room with a finely divided fibrous Heat insulating material is blown out, which may comprise cellulose fibers according to claim 33, for example, from crushed newsprint.
  • An alternative procedure consists according to claim 34 in the foaming of the insulation space.
  • the insulation space is stuffed with a bonded soft thermal insulation material (claim 35).
  • This thermal insulation material may be used e.g. not a hard foam, which has a considerable structural strength. Rather, the heat insulation material should be just tied so far that it is no longer considered to be loose and easy to handle.
  • the designated in Fig. 1 as a whole with 10 spacers consists of a strip-shaped, elongated rectangular in plan view nail plate 1 made of steel from about 5 to 10 cm wide and 30 to 60 cm in length, depending on the thickness of the component to be produced.
  • the thickness of the nail plate 1 may be about 1.5 to 3 mm.
  • At both ends of the nail plate has 1 nail zones 2 and 3, in which the surface of the nail plate 1 is uniformly occupied with nails 4, the real, perforations of the nail plate 1 by cross-nails or out of the material of the nail plate 1 by 90 ° out, triangular Can be nail tips that can perform the same function.
  • the nails 4 are pressed with a conventional nail press in the adjacent wood.
  • stops 5,6 are formed on the same flat side of the nail plate 1, which protrude vertically from the plane of the nail plate 1 and strip over the width of the nail plate 1 or at least over a substantial part of this Width extend.
  • the stops 5, 6 take in the embodiment with the longitudinal edges 1 'and 1 "of the nail plate 1 each angle ⁇ of 45 °, in such a way that the stops 5,6 are parallel to each other. however, the stops 5, 6 will generally remain parallel to each other.
  • the stopper 5 is formed in the embodiment by a welded with a longitudinal edge with the nail plate 1 flat sheet metal strip, the stop 6 by a cranking of the nail plate 1 itself. This has been produced by the nail plate 1 at the angle ⁇ to the longitudinal edge 1 " 1 was angled upward by 90 °, then in one of the width of the stop 6 corresponding distance from the nail plate 1 was bent back by a parallel to this edge by 180 ° and finally angled 90 ° in the plane of the nail plate 1 ,
  • cranking can be practically a duplication of the material, ie a perpendicular to the plane of the nail plate 1 upstanding flat web.
  • the cranking also have a rectangular cross section and as a kind of U-shaped, downwardly open channel, so not flat, formed can be.
  • the stop 5 which may be, for example, a welded or glued rod.
  • the stops 5,6 come with the mutually facing, the stop surfaces forming side surfaces 5 ', 6' to be connected to each other and to be kept at a distance wooden elements to the plant, as will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • Fig. 1 The stop 5 on the left side of Fig. 1 is shown broken off at 5 ", in practice the stopper 5 would continue to pass close to the upper longitudinal edge 1" of the nail plate 1 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 but there an alternative embodiment is indicated, which consists in a partial punching of the nail plate 1, which is angled at 90 ° on one side, where the recess still exists and forms a triangular stop 45 in the embodiment.
  • There are at least two such angled stops 45 are provided with the same Abwinklungsline.
  • the stops 45 have the greatest possible distance from each other and are in the vicinity of the longitudinal edges 1 ', 1 ".
  • FIG. 2 another embodiment 20 of a spacer is shown, in which the flat, strip-shaped stops 15,16 do not extend beyond the width of the nail plate 1, but by its longitudinal edges by 90 ° to the same side, ie the nail side, angled , While in the spacer 10, the side surfaces 5 ', 6' of the stops 5,6 form the investment zones, it is in the spacer 20 to the longitudinal direction of the nail plate 1 vertical end edges 15 ', 15 "or 16', 16" of the stops 15th 16.
  • edges 15 ', 16' or 15 ", 16" of the two longitudinal sides of the nail plate 1 facing the same end of the nail plate 1 - 15 - viewed in the longitudinal direction of the nail plate 1 - at the same height lie and the wood element to be joined is a beam, this extends at right angles to the nail plate 1.
  • the edges 15 "and 16" and a local beam lie and the edges 15 "and 16" and a local beam.
  • the edges are not level - as in the solid line version - and beams to be joined at edges 15 ', 16 "' and 16", 15 “'respectively. abut, they extend at an angle ⁇ to the longitudinal direction or the longitudinal edges 1 ', 1 "of the nail plate, in the embodiment, approximately below 45 °
  • a spacer 30 is shown, in which the stops 25 are formed by pins which, as I said, can be pressed into holes of the nail plate 1. But it is also possible to form the pins 25 by welding bolts, which are welded onto the nail plate 1 by resistance welding.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show components 40 which are produced using the spacers 10. It could also be the spacers 20 or 30 are used.
  • FIG. 4 shows such a tabular component designated 40, which comprises two outer, mutually parallel, with their outer surfaces a distance 9 of, for example, 30 cm compliant cover plates 7.8.
  • the cover plates 7.8 are made of wood-based panels such as chipboard or OSB boards or a similar material.
  • On the mutually facing inner sides 7 'and 8' of the cover plates 7,8 are mutually parallel opposing ribs 11,12 nailed in the shape of wooden beams or rafters, tacked or fastened in a similar manner, with their facing end faces 11 ', 12' leave a distance 13 of the order of 10 cm.
  • the distances mentioned have only exemplary character and may be chosen differently depending on the construction and size of the device 40.
  • the ribs 11,12 and thus the cover plates 7,8 are connected by pairs of spacers 10 and held at a distance.
  • the spacers 10 correspond to FIG. 1 and, with their nail zones 2 and 3, respectively, are perpendicular to the cover plates 7, 8 Side surfaces 11 ", 12" of the ribs 11,12 nailed, as it is apparent from Figs. 4 to 6.
  • the attacks are 6 on the facing longitudinal end faces 11 ', 12' of the ribs 11,12 and stabilize the spacers 10 against pivoting of FIG. 4 parallel to the plane, which could otherwise occur in an overload of the nail connection.
  • the angle ⁇ of the inclination of the spacers 10 is indicated and is in the embodiment 45 ° on the opposite side surfaces of the ribs 11,12, the local spacer 10 is provided in the opposite inclined position, so that the spacers in the region of the distance 13 cross, as it is apparent from Fig. 4 and 6.
  • the intersection results in stability in both directions parallel to the ribs 11, 12 and also perpendicular thereto, ie in the thickness direction of the component 40.
  • the skew angle ⁇ of 45 ° is a feature of the embodiment.
  • the desired effect can be achieved to a reasonable extent even at other skew angles, in which the crossing angle is then no longer 90 °, and even with an arrangement of the longitudinal direction of the spacers 10 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ribs 11,12.
  • the spacers 10 are nailed to the two side surfaces 11 "and 12" of the ribs 11,12, they have in the direction of their width, that is perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 4, a distance from each other, which corresponds to the rib width. This has a stability-promoting influence when forces occur perpendicular to the plane formed by the ribs 11,12
  • two ribs 11, 12 each may be connected to e.g. four spacers 10 are prefabricated to rib pair carriers 60 (FIGS. 3 and 5), which form deformation-resistant components which are easy to handle as a whole, are covered with the cover plates 7, 8 and then give the component 40.
  • Proven nail presses can be used in the production of ribbed pair carriers.
  • the ribbed pair beams 60 can be used in the construction of the building in the manufacture of structural members 40 (e.g., wall, ceiling, roof) such as stems, bars, rafters, or beams.
  • the cover plates 7, 8 and the ribs 11, 12 may be straight, i. be cut off perpendicular to the plane of the cover plates 7,8, as indicated at the left end of Fig. 4. However, this is not mandatory.
  • the edge of the component 40 may also be designed differently, as shown on the right side of Fig. 4 and in Figs. 7 and 8. However, always the edges of the component 40, at least the upper and lower edges, are open to the outside in a direction parallel to the cover plates, i. not blocked by covers or cross members, so that a transition from the free space 17 of a component 40 to the free space 17 of an adjacent component 40 in the direction of arrows 22 of FIG. 7 to 9 is possible.
  • the ribs 11, 12 extend in the solid representation of FIG. 4 from left to right over the extension of the component 40. However, this is not mandatory.
  • a block-like element 14 is indicated by dashed lines, which is substantially shorter and extends only over the mounting portion of a pair of spacers 10,10. For static reasons, however, the continuous rib 11,12 will generally be preferable.
  • the gap 17 between the cover plates 7.8 is filled with an insulating material or thermal insulation material, which should be indicated by the lines 32.
  • the character of this insulating material 32 may be different. It may, for example, be loose, cellulose-containing fiber material, which is obtained by crushing old ones Newspapers have been obtained and blown into the intermediate space 17. But it can also be a foam which has been blown into the gap 17 between the cover plates 7.8 or brought there to emergence. Finally, it is also possible to stuff a soft cushion-like bound heat insulating material into the gap 17.
  • ribs 11,12 are perpendicular to each other directly opposite the cover plates 7,8 parallel and comply in each case in the transverse direction distances 26, which may be 50 to 150 cm and are also common in rafters.
  • the intermediate space 17 between the cover plates 7, 8 passes undistorted over the entire extent thereof. This also applies essentially in the direction perpendicular thereto, where in the middle of a distance 13 between the ribs 11,12 corresponding distance space exists, which continues throughout the entire extent of the device 40 perpendicular to the ribs 11,12 throughout. This distance space is traversed exclusively by the spacers 10, 10. They have only a small cross section and hinder the distribution of insulating material between the cover plates 7,8 barely. As a result arises between the cover plates 7,8 a over the entire extent of the device 40 in the horizontal direction shown in FIG.
  • the rib pair carrier 60 can form, which are prefabricated separately and then covered with the cover plates 7,8 to form the device 40.
  • the rib pair carrier 60 and the entire component 40 are shown interrupted at 31 to indicate that the rib pair carrier 30 and the component 40 along the rib pair carrier 30 may have different extension, as required by the function and the structural conditions of the case.
  • a building corner 50 is indicated schematically.
  • the two upright, the walls forming components 40,40 abut each other in the horizontal plane at an angle of 90 °. From the free insulation space 17 of the one component 40, a transition into the free insulation space 17 of the other component 40 is possible, as indicated by the arrow 22.
  • the outer cover plates 7 are made of weatherproof or weatherproof covered plates 27, the inner cover plates 8 of mecanicausbauplatten 28. At structurally suitable locations 40.40 rib pair support 60 are provided in the components that affect the freely continuous isolation space 17,17 only insignificantly.
  • a building or structure 70 in the form of a small house can be seen, in which an upright wall 18 by a component 40 according to FIGS. 2 to 5, a roof plate 19 by another such device 40 and a ceiling 21 by a further such device 40 are formed.
  • the components 40 each have cover plates 7, 8 in the form of weatherproof plates 27 or interior building boards 28 or in the form of two interior mounting boards 28 (ceiling 21).
  • the inner free insulation space 17 of the roof panel 19 passes without interruption into the insulation space 17 of the upright wall panel 18, as indicated by the arrow 22.
  • the filling of the isolation spaces between the cover plates 7,8 can thus in the assembly of the house from above, for example by blowing cellulosic fiber material or in similar manner, because a continuous, unobstructed isolation space 17,17 between the cover plates 7,8 of the adjacent components 40 and 40 is present. Because the isolation spaces 17, 17 pass through, utility lines such as electrical leads 29 may be routed continuously prior to filling the isolation spaces 17, 17 with insulation material therein from component to component.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show a structure 80 in which the vertical wall 18 'is formed by means of modified tabular components 40'.
  • a thick multilayer locked wooden plate 30 which in de embodiment has a thickness of 80 mm and thus capable of carrying significant loads is as given by the false ceiling 21 and / or the roof truss.
  • the wood panel 35 which faces the interior of the structure 80 and forms a cover plate of the tabular component 40 ', has a plurality of layers 35', 35 ", 35"'(FIG. 10), each of which is made up of parallel boards or battens 36 or 35 37 and 38, which are close to each other closely to each other. 10, below the uppermost layer 35 'is a second layer 35 "in which the boards or slats 37 are offset by 90 ° from those of the layer 35', and in the third lowest layer 35"'according to FIG the boards or slats 30 again parallel to those of the layer 35 '. There may also be more than three layers, but the number of layers must be odd because of the default security.
  • the outer layers 35 ', 35 "' are arranged vertically in the installed state.
  • the spacers 10 are attached directly to the thick plate 35 in this example.
  • a rib 12 as in the embodiment of FIG. 8 is missing here on the inside of the tabular component 40 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Claims (36)

  1. Elément de construction en forme de panneau (40, 40') pour utilisation lors de la construction de bâtiments, se composant de deux plaques de recouvrement espacées parallèlement l'une de l'autre (7, 8) qui sont reliées ensemble de manière rigide par des éléments de liaison disposés entre elles avec un écart, parallèlement aux plaques de recouvrement (7, 8), caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison sont formés par des écarteurs métalliques longitudinaux (10, 20, 30), qui ne comportent que la section transversale nécessaire pour le transfert des forces s'exerçant entre les plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) et dans le cas d'au moins une plaque de recouvrement (7, 8) à l'écart de celle-ci du côté intérieur (7', 8') tourné respectivement vers l'autre plaque de recouvrement s'accrochent à des éléments reliés de type bloc, ne formant aucun pont thermique essentiel (11, 12 ; 14, 14) et que les éléments de type bloc restent verticalement aux côtés intérieurs (7', 8') des plaques de recouvrement placées à l'opposé les unes des autres (7, 8) à un écart (13) l'une par rapport à l'autre plaque recouvrement ou de la plaque de recouvrement opposée.
  2. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments en bloc sont formés par des rainures ininterrompues (11, 12) sur des parties essentielles de la largeur des plaques de recouvrement (7, 8).
  3. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de type bloc sont formés par des blocs (14) ne s'étendant que dans la zone de fixation des écarteurs (10, 20, 30).
  4. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, entre les plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) il subsiste un espace d'isolement continu (17) parallèle à celui-ci, qui traverse exclusivement depuis les écarteurs (10, 20, 30) et est dégagé des obstacles habituels.
  5. Elément de construction selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que dans la largeur et la longueur des éléments de construction (40, 40') seuls quelques écarteurs (10, 20, 30) sont prévus respectivement.
  6. Elément de construction selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs (10, 20, 30) présentent parallèlement aux plaques de recouvrement (7, 8), des écarts de 0,5 à 3 m longitudinalement et transversalement.
  7. Elément de construction selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que dans le sens de la largeur parallèle aux nervures (11, 12) d'un élément de construction haut d'un étage (40, 40') au maximum trois écarteurs (10, 20, 30) sont prévus sur chaque nervure (11, 12).
  8. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que dans le sens de la longueur perpendiculaire aux nervures (11, 12) d'un élément de construction haut d'un étage (40, 40') des nervures voisines (11, 12) présentent un écart (16) par rapport à celui-ci correspondant à l'écart de chevrons habituel.
  9. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs métalliques longitudinaux (10) forment un premier groupe qui est incliné dans un angle (α) par rapport aux plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) et une deuxième groupe, qui est incliné dans le sens contraire vers les plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) dans le même angle (α).
  10. Elément de construction selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que des écarteurs (10, 10) des deux groupes sont croisés par paires par rapport aux deux côtés des nervures (11, 12) perpendiculaires aux plaques de recouvrement (7, 8).
  11. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs (10) prenant appui sur les faces tournées l'une vers l'autre (11', 12') des éléments de type bloc (14) ou des nervures (11, 12) comportent au moins une partie essentielle dont les butées occupent la largeur (5, 6), qui contrarient un mouvement horizontal des écarteurs (10) autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à son sens de la longueur.
  12. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est ouvert sur les bords, de telle manière qu'avec des éléments de construction mis bout à bout (40, 40) leurs espaces d'isolement (17, 17) se confondent.
  13. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les nervures (11, 12) se trouvant sur les côtés tournés l'un vers l'autre comme plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) sont placées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre et au moyen des écarteurs (10, 20, 30) vers un support de paires de nervures (60) contenu dedans, formant un élément de construction séparé.
  14. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'une des plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) est une plaque massive de bois ou de matériau dérivé du bois d'une épaisseur capable de supporter une partie d'une charge d'étage correspondant à son étendue horizontale.
  15. Elément de construction selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de bois ou de matériau dérivé du bois a une épaisseur d'environ 60 à 100 mm.
  16. Elément de construction selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de bois ou de matériau dérivé du bois est une plaque de bois multicouches (35).
  17. Elément de construction selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les couches individuelles (35', 35", 35"') se composent de planches ou de lattes (36 ou 37 ou 38) de même épaisseur, disposées parallèlement les unes aux autres, avec leurs bords longitudinaux directement les uns à côtés des autres, qui sont reliées les unes aux autres à l'intérieur de la même couche (35', 35", 35"') et d'une couche à l'autre.
  18. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de recouvrement massive formée par du bois ou un matériau dérivé du bois est disposée sur le côté intérieur du bâtiment.
  19. Ecarteur (10, 20, 30) pour un élément de construction en forme de panneau (40) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par une tôle clouée (1) essentiellement plane, en forme de rayures, qui présente à au moins une extrémité une zone clouée (2, 3), qui, pour s'accrocher à une plaque de recouvrement (7, 8) ou à des surfaces latérales (11", 12") perpendiculaires aux plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) sont déterminées par des éléments en bloc (14) ou des nervures (11, 12) disposées sur les côtés tournés les uns vers les autres des plaques de recouvrement (7, 8).
  20. Ecarteur selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la tôle clouée (1) comporte à proximité de ses extrémités des butées (5,6;15,16;25,26;45), qui comportent un angle de 90° par rapport à la tôle clouée (1) et contrarient un mouvement horizontal de la tôle clouée (1) autour de son axe perpendiculaire à sa surface.
  21. Ecarteur selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les butées (5, 6 ; 15, 16) sont formées par des nervures ou des tiges dépassant de la surface de la tôle clouée (1).
  22. Ecarteur selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que les butées (5, 6) passent sous un angle (α) dans le sens de la longueur de la tôle clouée (1) et que les surfaces de butées sont les surfaces latérales planes (5', 6') des butées (5, 6).
  23. Ecarteur selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que les butées (15, 16) sont disposées contre les arêtes longitudinales (1', 1") de la tôle clouée (1) et passent parallèlement à celle-ci et les surfaces de butée (15',16',15",16";15'",16'") sont les bords d'attaque des butées (15, 16) perpendiculaires à la tôle clouée (1).
  24. Ecarteur selon les revendications 21,22 ou 23, caractérisé en ce que les butées (6 ; 15, 16) sont formées par coudage du matériau de la tôle clouée en forme de rayures (1).
  25. Ecarteur selon les revendications 21, 22 ou 23, caractérisé en ce que les butées (5) sont soudées ou collées au matériau de la tôle clouée (1).
  26. Ecarteur selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les butées (25, 26) sont formés par, à chaque extrémité de la tôle clouée (1) au moins deux tiges perpendiculaires disposées dans une surface située dans un angle (α) par rapport aux arêtes (1, 1") de la tôle clouée, saillant à partir de la tôle clouée (1) et perpendiculaires à la surface de celle-ci.
  27. Ecarteur selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les butées sont formées par des languettes (35) poinçonnées à partir de la tôle clouée (1), pliées autour d'un côté à 90° à partir de la surface de la tôle clouée (1).
  28. Support de paires de nervures pour un élément de construction en forme de panneau (40) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux nervures disposées l'une sur l'autre et parallèlement l'une à l'autre (11, 12), qui sont reliées par au moins deux écarteurs (10, 20, 30) selon l'une des revendications 19 à 27 et sont maintenues à distance.
  29. Bâtiment (70) dont les murs (18), le toit (19) et/ou les plafonds (21) sont formés par des éléments de construction en forme de panneaux (40, 40'), contigus sur les bords, selon l'une des revendications. 1 à 18, de telle sorte qu'entre les plaques de recouvrement (7, 8) des éléments de construction (40, 40') il y a un espace d'isolement continu (17, 17) déterminé pour être rempli avec du matériau calorifuge ou rempli de cette manière.
  30. Bâtiment selon la revendication 29, caractérisé en ce que des tuyaux d'alimentation traversent l'espace d'isolement continu (17, 17).
  31. Procédé pour la construction d'un bâtiment (70) selon la revendication 29, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'isolement continu (17, 17) est rempli après l'élévation et la mise bout à bout des éléments de construction en forme de panneaux (40, 40') avec du matériau calorifuge.
  32. Procédé selon la revendication 31, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'isolement (17, 17) est mis hors feu avec un matériau calorifuge filandreux fin.
  33. Procédé selon la revendication 32, caractérisé en ce que le matériau calorifuge comprend des fibres cellulosiques.
  34. Procédé selon la revendication 31, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'isolement (17, 17) est nettoyé de toute mousse.
  35. Procédé selon la revendication 31, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'isolement (17, 17) est rempli avec un matériau calorifuge souple aggloméré.
  36. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 30 à 35, caractérisé en ce que, avant le remplissage de l'espace d'isolement continu (17, 17) avec du matériau calorifuge, des tuyaux d'alimentation (29) circulent dans l'espace d'isolement (17, 17).
EP02028822A 2001-12-29 2002-12-21 Panneau, espaceur et poutre en treillis adapté pour ce panneau, bâtiment et méthode de construction Expired - Lifetime EP1323876B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10164421A DE10164421A1 (de) 2001-12-29 2001-12-29 Tafelförmiges Bauelement, dafür geeigneter Abstandhalter und Rippenpaarträger, damit errichtetes Bauwerk und Verfahren zu seiner Errichtung
DE10164421 2001-12-29

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EP1323876A1 EP1323876A1 (fr) 2003-07-02
EP1323876B1 true EP1323876B1 (fr) 2007-12-05

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EP (1) EP1323876B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE380277T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10164421A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022035509A1 (fr) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 Certainteed Llc Structures de bâtiment isolantes en vrac et leurs procédés de fabrication
EP4592467A1 (fr) * 2024-01-26 2025-07-30 Unilin, BV Eléments de construction avec matériau isolant

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2873728B1 (fr) * 2004-07-29 2008-04-25 Jean Luc Sandoz Element plan de construction et agencement forme a partir d'un ou plusieurs elements
US12492546B1 (en) * 2025-03-12 2025-12-09 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Systems and methods for connecting UHPC structural elements

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CH270480A (de) 1948-05-20 1950-09-15 Ag Interwood Bauelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.
GB1524383A (en) * 1975-08-21 1978-09-13 Torvale Holdings Ltd Facing unit for a wall block
DE3017332A1 (de) * 1980-05-06 1981-11-12 Masonite AB, Rundviksverken Bauelement, insbesondere dachbauelement
DE3638288C1 (de) * 1986-11-10 1988-02-11 Simon Dr Aicher Decken- und/oder Wandelement,insbesondere fuer Fertighaeuser
DE9103991U1 (de) * 1991-04-03 1992-07-30 Wasenius, Birger E., Dipl.-Ing., Söderkulla Bauelement
DE4424910A1 (de) * 1994-07-14 1996-01-18 Ensle Paul Stiftung Abstandhalter
CZ294774B6 (cs) 1996-04-15 2005-03-16 Steko Holz-Bausysteme Ag Stavební prvek a systém stavebních prvků pro výrobu plošných konstrukcí, zejména stěn
DE29705708U1 (de) * 1997-04-01 1997-05-22 Kern, Bernhard, 86399 Bobingen Bauelement insbesondere zur Herstellung von Wänden, Decken und Dächern eines Gebäudes
EP1212494A1 (fr) * 1999-08-31 2002-06-12 Owens Corning Systeme de rattrapage d'un mur pour ameliorer l'insonorisation
DE19957080A1 (de) 1999-11-30 2000-11-23 Koehnke Ernst Ulrich Kastenträger aus Holz und Holzwerkstoffen, Verfahren zur Herstellung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022035509A1 (fr) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 Certainteed Llc Structures de bâtiment isolantes en vrac et leurs procédés de fabrication
EP4592467A1 (fr) * 2024-01-26 2025-07-30 Unilin, BV Eléments de construction avec matériau isolant
BE1032369B1 (nl) * 2024-01-26 2025-09-01 Unilin Bv Bouwelementen met isolatiemateriaal

Also Published As

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DE10164421A1 (de) 2003-07-17
DE50211316D1 (de) 2008-01-17
EP1323876A1 (fr) 2003-07-02
ATE380277T1 (de) 2007-12-15

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