EP1342032A1 - Verfahren zur vernichtung und/oder inertisierung von abfällen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur vernichtung und/oder inertisierung von abfällen

Info

Publication number
EP1342032A1
EP1342032A1 EP01270196A EP01270196A EP1342032A1 EP 1342032 A1 EP1342032 A1 EP 1342032A1 EP 01270196 A EP01270196 A EP 01270196A EP 01270196 A EP01270196 A EP 01270196A EP 1342032 A1 EP1342032 A1 EP 1342032A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
reactor
phase
glass
submerged
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01270196A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1342032B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Jeanvoine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP1342032A1 publication Critical patent/EP1342032A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1342032B1 publication Critical patent/EP1342032B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/14—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of contaminated soil, e.g. by oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/20—Combustion to temperatures melting waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/122—Belt conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process intended for treating waste, in particular industrial, agro-food, biological waste, in order to destroy it or at least in order to make it inert and harmless for the environment.
  • cements generally have a porosity which promotes the release of the waste thus trapped.
  • vitrify waste that is to say to introduce it into a composition of vitrifiable materials brought to their melting temperature. If the vitrification technique appears to be very reliable, on the other hand it is quite greedy in consumption of vitrifiable raw materials and in energy consumption.
  • the object of the invention is then to overcome these various drawbacks, by proposing a waste treatment process which is both high reliability and economically viable.
  • the invention firstly relates to a process for the destruction and / or inerting of waste, in particular industrial, biological or agrifood waste, as used to implement a reactor provided with heating means comprising at least one submerged burner.
  • a reactor provided with heating means comprising at least one submerged burner.
  • the waste is introduced at treat in this phase, so that their possible organic components are broken down by combustion and / or their possible mineral components are melted or coated in this phase.
  • said phase is withdrawn from the reactor loaded with molten / coated waste and / or with combustion products of said waste of the ash type.
  • “submerged burners” are understood to mean burners configured so that the “flames” which they generate or the combustion gases from these flames develop in the reactor where the conversion, within the mass of materials being transformed. Generally, they are arranged so as to be flush with or slightly beyond the side walls or the bottom of the reactor used (we are talking about flames here, even if they are not strictly speaking the same "flames" as those produced by overhead burners for simplicity).
  • the term “materials which are at least partially vitrifiable” means all the conventional raw materials used to manufacture glass, silicates such as sodium silicate and / or calcium silicate, but also phosphates d alkaline and / or alkaline earth, alkaline and / or alkaline earth aluminates or any combination of at least two of these compounds. It can be, in particular, any material which, by heat treatment, leads to a material at least partly vitreous, which can be partially or completely ceramized.
  • inerting is understood to mean the operation of rendering the waste inert. It can therefore be either to destroy them entirely by combustion, or to keep them in an intact or more or less degraded form, but inert / harmless. It is then, in fact, to neutralize them in the broad sense (not in the restrictive sense of a chemical reaction).
  • a subsidiary advantage of this type of heating means is that it is possible to introduce the raw materials to be melted directly within this liquid / foaming phase, which avoids the formation of dust from the fines of the raw materials, and the dispersion of these in the fumes emitted by the oven.
  • the waste can be introduced directly into the liquid / foaming phase, which avoids the flight of possibly toxic dust from the waste: waste can be effectively trapped in this phase, limiting the need to filter / treat the fumes,> - on the other hand, we can take advantage of the very nature of the waste to reduce the cost of the process.
  • the waste to be treated can be mineral, organic, or combine mineral components and organic components.
  • the composition of the waste can be optimized, in particular by combining waste of different natures, to reduce the cost of raw materials and / or the energy cost of the process.
  • mineral waste containing materials capable of melting above 800 ° C, such as foundry sands, polluted cullet can be introduced into the reactor both to trap / destroy their polluting components and to provide a portion of the vitrifiable material necessary for the process.
  • organic waste or partly organic, it can be used as fuel for the submerged burner (s): because of the convective stirring mentioned above, it is continuously renewed near the burners submerged until complete combustion. This makes it possible to reduce, or even completely stop, the supply of combustible gas to the burners, with a substantial energy gain. The degradation of organic molecules can thus be complete, until decomposition into carbon dioxide and water. The combustion ashes are trapped in the liquid / foaming phase.
  • This waste, at least partly organic, can therefore supply a part, or the majority or the essential or even all the fuel necessary for the submerged burner (s). It is therefore possible to use the combustible power of the waste directly in the reactor, whatever the level thereof. It is possible that carbon residues remain trapped in the vitreous matrix, which can offer the opportunity to manufacture at lower cost and without difficulty in processing, reduced glasses.
  • waste considered to be little or not toxic consists in particular of at least one of the following industrial residues: foundry sands, blast furnace slag, slag, bottom ash, television tubes and various cullet such as crystal cullet.
  • This category of waste can provide a part of the forming and modifying oxides necessary to generate a vitreous matrix
  • the waste considered to be more toxic may include, for example, at least one of the following residues: any type of household refuse residue, in particular that commonly known as REFIOM (Residues from the Purging of Household Incineration Smoke Incineration) ), all types of industrial waste incineration residues, in particular those designated under the term REFIDI (Residues for the Purification of Fumes from Incineration of Industrial Waste), silicates, enamels, dust from electrostatic precipitators or desuper u ration, polluted cullet, steel sludge, filter press cakes, and all the oxides and hydroxides from the chemical industry.
  • REFIOM Residues from the Purging of Household Incineration Smoke Incineration
  • REFIDI Residues for the Purification of Fumes from Incineration of Industrial Waste
  • silicates silicates, enamels, dust from electrostatic precipitators or desuper u ration, polluted cullet, steel sludge, filter press cakes,
  • the waste can also be wood waste, paper waste from the stationery industry. They can also consist of organic polymers, halogenated or not, for example polyethylene, PVC, tire residues.
  • glass / plastic composites can also be glass / plastic composites. Mention may be made of laminated glazing, for example, combining at least one glass with at least one sheet of thermoplastic polymer or not, polyvinyl butyral PVB type, ethylene-vinyl acetate EVA, polyurethane PU or polyethylene terephthalate PET. composite materials based on polymer reinforced with glass thread (or carbon thread or other type of reinforcing thread), used in the automobile industry, or in boats for example. Mention may also be made of glass / metal composites (glazing provided with connection elements, metallic coatings).
  • a great innovation in the invention is to be able to adjust the operation of the heating means used, the submerged burners, according to the type and quantity of the waste to be destroyed / inerted (the invention however includes the variants where the means of heating combine submerged burners with more conventional means, such as overhead burners)
  • Waste and vitrifiable materials can be introduced continuously into the reactor, in particular by adjusting their respective contents in order to obtain complete immersion of the waste and of their possible decomposition products in the liquid / foaming phase of the reactor. This control of the quantities introduced can be done automatically.
  • the waste and / or the vitrifiable materials are introduced below the level of the liquid / foaming phase of the reactor, in order to avoid or best limit the take-off of waste / fines.
  • the gaseous effluents possibly containing particles which are emitted in the reactor are evacuated, channeled in order to subject them, if necessary, to all the appropriate filtration / depollution treatments.
  • These fumes can then be sent to heat recovery units in order to exhaust them thermally, or against the flow of one of the reactor feed streams, the heat thus restored can, for example, be used to preheat waste and / or materials vitrifiable.
  • the waste and / or the batch materials which are in solid form can be crushed / crushed before introducing them into the reactor, in particular in order to reduce them to aggregates of suitable size.
  • the completion of the process consists in withdrawing from the reactor the phase loaded with waste / waste decomposition products, which, once solidified, can be transformed into aggregates.
  • cullet or silicate in particular sodium or calcium silicate
  • cullet or silicate for making flat glass (glazing), hollow glass (bottle, flasks), mineral wool. insulation (glass wool, rock wool), or textile glass yarn, for reinforcement.
  • the use of the vitrified product therefore depends closely on its composition.
  • Low quality vitrifiates / aggregates can also be used as reinforcing fillers, for example for road surfaces.
  • a melter is produced, the walls of which are made of refractory materials such as traditional glass furnaces or of metal walls cooled with water. It defines a volume of substantially several m 3 . Its bottom is equipped with several submerged burners, regularly placed on the bottom, and which enter the reactor at a reduced height. Each burner is capable of being supplied with air or oxygen on the one hand, and with combustible gas (of the natural gas or fuel oil type or other combustible gas), by two supply circuits.
  • combustible gas of the natural gas or fuel oil type or other combustible gas
  • the reactor is fed with two endless screw feeders, one for batch materials, the other for waste.
  • the process is started by first supplying it only with vitrifiable materials (sands), which are brought to a melting point at least 1000 ° C. thanks to the thermal contribution provided by burners supplied with both oxidizer and combustible.
  • vitrifiable materials sands
  • a bath of semi-liquid, semi-sparkling molten material was then formed over a given height, stirred with strong convective movements.
  • the process can then be operated continuously: the reactor is continuously supplied with waste and vitrifiable materials. Their relative quantities are adjusted according to the nature of the waste to be treated. Organic waste is completely burned. The mineral waste is melted or coated in the bath.
  • the quantity and nature of the mineral materials introduced into the reactor must be adjusted in order to provide the molten bath with a viscosity compatible with the operation of the submerged burners at the temperature considered, but also for ensure the best possible recovery of the silicate that will be produced.
  • the supply of gaseous fuel to the submerged burners is reduced or even stopped (it is also possible to choose to introduce solid or liquid organic fuel into the reactor in addition ).
  • the flow rate of fuel / gaseous oxidizer of the burners is regulated continuously, as a function of the waste introduced into the reactor.
  • the glass / silicate loaded with mineral waste and / or ashes from the combustion of organic waste is continuously discharged at the bottom of the reactor through a tap hole.
  • the residence time of the waste in the reactor is short. Although small in size, this type of reactor can quickly process large quantities of waste.
  • the process of the invention makes it possible to destroy or inert waste effectively with an excellent yield, a reasonable energy cost and the capacity to recover the products obtained after treatment. It is therefore very competitive, thanks to a new application of submerged burner technology.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
EP01270196A 2000-12-15 2001-12-12 Verfahren zur vernichtung und/oder inertisierung von abfällen Expired - Lifetime EP1342032B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0016403 2000-12-15
FR0016403A FR2818358B1 (fr) 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Procede de destruction et/ou d'inertage de dechets
PCT/FR2001/003958 WO2002048612A1 (fr) 2000-12-15 2001-12-12 Procede de destruction et/ou d'inertage de dechets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1342032A1 true EP1342032A1 (de) 2003-09-10
EP1342032B1 EP1342032B1 (de) 2006-06-14

Family

ID=8857721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01270196A Expired - Lifetime EP1342032B1 (de) 2000-12-15 2001-12-12 Verfahren zur vernichtung und/oder inertisierung von abfällen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6857999B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1342032B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE330178T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002219291A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60120750T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2265390T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2818358B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1342032E (de)
WO (1) WO2002048612A1 (de)

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US20080276652A1 (en) * 2007-05-11 2008-11-13 Jon Frederick Bauer Submerged combustion for melting high-temperature glass
US8991215B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-03-31 Johns Manville Methods and systems for controlling bubble size and bubble decay rate in foamed glass produced by a submerged combustion melter
US10322960B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2019-06-18 Johns Manville Controlling foam in apparatus downstream of a melter by adjustment of alkali oxide content in the melter
US8973400B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-03-10 Johns Manville Methods of using a submerged combustion melter to produce glass products
US8707739B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2014-04-29 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems and methods for conditioning molten glass
US8875544B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2014-11-04 Johns Manville Burner apparatus, submerged combustion melters including the burner, and methods of use
US8650914B2 (en) 2010-09-23 2014-02-18 Johns Manville Methods and apparatus for recycling glass products using submerged combustion
US9096453B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2015-08-04 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melting processes for producing glass and similar materials, and systems for carrying out such processes
US9096452B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-08-04 Johns Manville Methods and systems for destabilizing foam in equipment downstream of a submerged combustion melter
US8707740B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2014-04-29 Johns Manville Submerged combustion glass manufacturing systems and methods
US9115017B2 (en) 2013-01-29 2015-08-25 Johns Manville Methods and systems for monitoring glass and/or foam density as a function of vertical position within a vessel
US8973405B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-03-10 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems and methods for reducing foaming downstream of a submerged combustion melter producing molten glass
US9776903B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2017-10-03 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems and methods for processing molten glass
US9032760B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2015-05-19 Johns Manville Process of using a submerged combustion melter to produce hollow glass fiber or solid glass fiber having entrained bubbles, and burners and systems to make such fibers
US9145319B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2015-09-29 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melter comprising a melt exit structure designed to minimize impact of mechanical energy, and methods of making molten glass
US9021838B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-05-05 Johns Manville Systems and methods for glass manufacturing
US8769992B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2014-07-08 Johns Manville Panel-cooled submerged combustion melter geometry and methods of making molten glass
US8997525B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-04-07 Johns Manville Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion
FR2973022B1 (fr) * 2011-03-25 2022-04-01 Saint Gobain Weber Verre pour materiau cimentaire
US20130260980A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Robert D. Touslee Systems and methods for forming glass materials
US9533905B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2017-01-03 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melters having an extended treatment zone and methods of producing molten glass
US9643869B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2017-05-09 Johns Manville System for producing molten glasses from glass batches using turbulent submerged combustion melting
WO2014055199A1 (en) 2012-10-03 2014-04-10 Johns Manville Methods and systems for destabilizing foam in equipment downstream of a submerged combustion melter
US9227865B2 (en) 2012-11-29 2016-01-05 Johns Manville Methods and systems for making well-fined glass using submerged combustion
US9777922B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2017-10-03 Johns Mansville Submerged combustion burners and melters, and methods of use
WO2014189504A1 (en) 2013-05-22 2014-11-27 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners
WO2014189501A1 (en) 2013-05-22 2014-11-27 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners, melters, and methods of use
US11142476B2 (en) 2013-05-22 2021-10-12 Johns Manville Burner for submerged combustion melting
WO2014189506A1 (en) 2013-05-22 2014-11-27 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners and melters, and methods of use
US10183884B2 (en) 2013-05-30 2019-01-22 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners, submerged combustion glass melters including the burners, and methods of use
SI3003996T1 (sl) 2013-05-30 2020-11-30 Johns Manville Sistemi potopnega zgorevanja za taljenje stekla in postopki uporabe
US10858278B2 (en) 2013-07-18 2020-12-08 Johns Manville Combustion burner
US9751792B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2017-09-05 Johns Manville Post-manufacturing processes for submerged combustion burner
US10670261B2 (en) 2015-08-27 2020-06-02 Johns Manville Burner panels, submerged combustion melters, and methods
US10041666B2 (en) 2015-08-27 2018-08-07 Johns Manville Burner panels including dry-tip burners, submerged combustion melters, and methods
US9815726B2 (en) 2015-09-03 2017-11-14 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems, and methods for pre-heating feedstock to a melter using melter exhaust
US9982884B2 (en) 2015-09-15 2018-05-29 Johns Manville Methods of melting feedstock using a submerged combustion melter
US10837705B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2020-11-17 Johns Manville Change-out system for submerged combustion melting burner
US10081563B2 (en) 2015-09-23 2018-09-25 Johns Manville Systems and methods for mechanically binding loose scrap
US10144666B2 (en) * 2015-10-20 2018-12-04 Johns Manville Processing organics and inorganics in a submerged combustion melter
US10246362B2 (en) 2016-06-22 2019-04-02 Johns Manville Effective discharge of exhaust from submerged combustion melters and methods
US10337732B2 (en) 2016-08-25 2019-07-02 Johns Manville Consumable tip burners, submerged combustion melters including same, and methods
US10301208B2 (en) 2016-08-25 2019-05-28 Johns Manville Continuous flow submerged combustion melter cooling wall panels, submerged combustion melters, and methods of using same
US10196294B2 (en) 2016-09-07 2019-02-05 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melters, wall structures or panels of same, and methods of using same
US10233105B2 (en) 2016-10-14 2019-03-19 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melters and methods of feeding particulate material into such melters
GB201801977D0 (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-03-28 Knauf Insulation Doo Skofja Loka Recycling
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1342032E (pt) 2006-11-30
FR2818358B1 (fr) 2006-03-10
WO2002048612A1 (fr) 2002-06-20
US20040049094A1 (en) 2004-03-11
ATE330178T1 (de) 2006-07-15
ES2265390T3 (es) 2007-02-16
EP1342032B1 (de) 2006-06-14
FR2818358A1 (fr) 2002-06-21
AU2002219291A1 (en) 2002-06-24
DE60120750D1 (de) 2006-07-27
DE60120750T2 (de) 2007-06-14
US6857999B2 (en) 2005-02-22

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