Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
  • H01F7/145—Rotary electromagnets with variable gap
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
  • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
  • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
  • F01L9/22—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by rotary motors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
  • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
  • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
  • F01L2009/2167—Sensing means
  • F01L2009/2169—Position sensors

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a stator structure consisting of two ferromagnetic circuits provided with at least one electric excitation coil and between which is mounted movable, between two stable end-of-travel positions and against the action of means of elastic return, an armature made of soft ferromagnetic material connected to a load to be controlled, the armature and the stator structure being symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the armature.
• the present invention will find its application in the field of electromagnetic actuators more particularly intended to bring a load, simply, from a first in a second position and vice versa.
• an electromagnetic actuator comprising two electromagnets arranged in opposition with respect to each other and between which is able to move an armature made of ferromagnetic material maintained in an intermediate position using elastic return means, more particularly in the form of a torsion spring.
• elastic return means more particularly in the form of a torsion spring.
• these comprise a ferromagnetic circuit substantially in the shape of a "U" on which is mounted an electrical excitation coil, this circuit defining two static poles against which is able to be applied by electromagnetic bonding said frame.
• an electromagnetic actuator comprising a stator structure consisting of two ferromagnetic circuits each provided with two electrical excitation coils surrounding a stator pole arranged symmetrically on either side. a central pole.
• the central poles of each of these ferromagnetic circuits of the stator structure ensures the rotation of the axis of a mobile armature connected to a load to be controlled.
• the lux of magnetic induction circulates through the axis of the armature, so that, when the actuator is controlled, a single pole of each magnetic circuit contributes to the calling force of the armature.
• the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a stator structure consisting of two ferromagnetic circuits provided with at least one electric excitation coil and between which is mounted movable, between two stable end of travel positions and against the action of elastic return means, an armature made of soft ferromagnetic material connected to a load to be controlled, the armature and the stator structure being symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the armature, characterized in that each ferromagnetic circuit comprises four stator poles with which the armature cooperates two by two in one or the other of its stable end-of-travel positions.
• the elastic return means are designed capable of acting on the axis of rotation of the frame.
• the elastic return means are defined by a spiral spring acting on the axis of rotation of the armature and mounted in a plane parallel to the stator structure.
• said elastic return means are defined by a torsion bar.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation and plan view of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a representation similar to Figure 1 illustrating the same actuator equipped with elastic return means in the form of a spiral spring;
• Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of this spiral spring
• Figure 4 is a schematic representation in section of an actuator according to the invention comprising, as elastic return means, both a spiral spring and a torsion bar;
• FIG. 5 is a schematic and plan view of the actuator devoid of its support structure
• FIG. 6 is a schematic and plan view of an actuator according to a second embodiment
• FIG. 7 is a schematic representation in elevation of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention with which is associated a position sensor of the frame;
• FIG. 8 and 9 illustrate, schematically, two types of valve valves provided adapted to be controlled through an electromagnetic actuator, according to one invention.
• the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7.
• this actuator 1 comprises a stator structure 2 consisting of two ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4, each comprising at least one electrical excitation coil 5, 5A; 6, 6A.
• an armature 7 made of soft ferromagnetic material. The latter is caused to move between two stable end-of-travel positions 8, 9, under the impulse of the magnetic fluxes generated through one and / or the other of the ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4. Ultimately, this armature 7 moves in this position 8 or 9 against the action of elastic return means 10 tending, in the absence of magnetic flux, to maintain it in an intermediate position, between these positions of ins 8, 9.
• the armature 7 is mounted in rotation about an axis 12 corresponding to its axis of symmetry, knowing, moreover, that the stator structure 2 and, in particular, the ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4 adopt, themselves, an arrangement symmetrical about this axis 12.
• each of these ferromagnetic circuits 3; 4 have four stator poles PI, P2, P3, P4; P'1, P'2, P'3, P '4 with which comes to cooperate in pairs (PI, P2, P'3, P'4; P'1, P'2, P3, P4) the frame 7 in one or other of its stable end of travel positions 8, 9.
• each ferromagnetic circuit 3, 4 is moreover symmetrical with respect to a median plane 13 passing through the axis 12.
• a ferromagnetic circuit 3, 4 borrows a W-shaped configuration including the two lateral branches 14, 15, defining the stator poles of ends Pi, P4; P'1, P'4 each carry an electric excitation coil 5, 5A; 6, 6A. While the middle branch 16 of this structure in W, it defines the two central stator poles P2, P3; P'2, P '3 respecting, between them, an angle ⁇ at least equal to the amplitude of rotation of the armature 7, plus 180 °.
• this angle oc is that respected by the two planes in which the stator poles, respectively, PI, P2 are inscribed; P'1, P '2 and P3, P4; P'3, P'4 of these ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4. It will be noted that, for a better circulation of the magnetic fluxes and to avoid in particular that this flux does not come to close through the axis of rotation 12 of the armature 7, the middle branch 16 adopts a V-shaped structure and , therefore, subdivides itself into two branches 16 ', 16''for the definition of the poles P2, P3; P'2, P'3.
• the frame 7 in the form of a blade, it comprises, at its axis of rotation 12, a cylindrical blister 17 in the manner of a socket for the passage of an axis 18, which may or may not be made of a ferromagnetic material, the ends 19, 20 of which are kept in rotation through a support structure 21, advantageously non-magnetic. This is more particularly visible in Figures 4 and 7.
• the elastic return means 10 are constituted, according to a first embodiment visible in Figures 2, 4 and 7, by at least one spiral spring 22, 22 'mounted on at least one of the ends 19, 20 of the axis 18 corresponding to the frame 7.
• this spiral spring 22, 22 ′ can be provided with one or more arms in the form of a turn, this depending on the desired stiffness and / or the space available, therefore the section of this spring 22, 22 '.
• the elastic return means 10 consist of a torsion bar 30 of which is made integral with the axis 18 corresponding to the frame 7.
• This axis 18 is advantageously of the type tubular, the torsion bar 30 being fixed, by one of its end 31, to the end 19 of this axis 18. Furthermore, it extends through the latter to emerge at the end 20 opposite of it to come rigidly anchored in a housing 32 of the support structure 21 of the actuator.
• the elastic return means 10 can correspond to the combination of at least one spiral spring 22 and a torsion bar 30 whose stiffness is chosen in adequacy with the return force at produce.
• This spiral spring 22 and this torsion bar 30 both act, either in parallel or in series on the axis 18 of the frame 7.
• Such a design makes it possible to compensate for the drawbacks of one by the advantages of the other.
• a spiral spring has the drawback of increasing the mobile mass of the actuator, while the use of a torsion bar alone can have the annoying consequence of a significant increase in its size.
• FIG. 7 The purpose of FIG. 7 is to illustrate that on one of the ends 19 of the axis of rotation 18 corresponding to the frame 7 can be mounted a position sensor 23, preferably a contactless sensor with hall effect or else potentiometer or other type, enabling the position of this armature 7 to be known at any time, in order to control, via an electronic control unit 24, the engagement of the current in the coils and to minimize the impact speed at the end stroke of this armature 7.
• a position sensor 23 preferably a contactless sensor with hall effect or else potentiometer or other type
• the armature 7 does not necessarily come to physical bonding on the stator poles, as the case may be, Pi, P2, P'3, P '4 or P' 1, P'2, P3, P4, especially in the presence of external mechanical stops. These stops may correspond, for example, to the arrival at the mechanical end of the load commanded. By thus avoiding the impacts of the armature 7 on these stator poles, the wear of the electromagnetic actuator 1 is limited, not to mention that the noise resulting from such impacts is avoided. In addition damping means can be combined with the load itself to limit the noise resulting from the mechanical stops.
• FIG. 6 there is shown a second embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator 1 according to the invention.
• This is mounted on the median branch 16 of these ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4 shaped .
• this middle branch 16 ends in a point through two inclined planes corresponding to the central poles P2, P3; P'2, P '3 and respecting between them an angle ⁇ at least equal to the amplitude of rotation of the armature 7, plus 180 °.
• the latter is mounted on an axis 18 made of ferromagnetic material.
• defining this frame 7 can extend sections of axis kept in rotation through the support structure 21 made of non-magnetic material of the actuator 1.
• this middle branch 16 of these ferromagnetic circuits 3, 4 can end, again, in V and be subdivided into two branches 16 ', 16' 'for the definition of the poles P2, P3; P'2, P'3.
• the electromagnetic actuator has only two coils, these are connected in series or in parallel and their activation according to the position of the armature 7 allows the transition from a stable end of travel position to a other according to the electrical control envisaged. Note, however, that in an intermediate position of the armature 7 no magnetic circuit is favored so that this armature 7 cannot be driven.
• an asymmetry is introduced at the level of the actuator resulting, according to a first embodiment, of an asymmetrical shape of the frame 7 or even by an adapted prestressing of the spring or springs defining the elastic return means 10 so that this armature 7, in the rest position of these elastic return means 10 and in the absence of supply of the coils 5, 6, occupy an intermediate equilibrium position 11 which is asymmetrical by relative to the median plane 25 of the stator structure of this electromagnetic actuator 1.
• FIGs 8 and 9 illustrate schematically, two types of valves or flaps 26, 26A corresponding to loads capable of being controlled by the electromagnetic actuator 1 according to the invention.
• a valve such as a valve for a combustion air intake duct in an internal combustion engine.
• Figure 7 shows a first variant having an axis of rotation 27 of this valve 26 which is offset relative to its plane. This has the consequence of substantially increasing the inertia of the load to be actuated with respect to any other valve, in particular of the butterfly type corresponding to FIG. 8, the axis of rotation 28 of which lies in the plane of the valve 26A.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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• 2001
  • 2001-09-27 FR FR0112425A patent/FR2834119B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2002
  • 2002-08-30 WO PCT/FR2002/002974 patent/WO2003019582A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2002-08-30 EP EP02796330.5A patent/EP1421590B1/de not_active Revoked

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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