EP1423645A1 - Ensemble amortisseur concu pour reduire les pulsations d'une chambre de combustion dans une installation de turbine a gaz - Google Patents

Ensemble amortisseur concu pour reduire les pulsations d'une chambre de combustion dans une installation de turbine a gaz

Info

Publication number
EP1423645A1
EP1423645A1 EP02758740A EP02758740A EP1423645A1 EP 1423645 A1 EP1423645 A1 EP 1423645A1 EP 02758740 A EP02758740 A EP 02758740A EP 02758740 A EP02758740 A EP 02758740A EP 1423645 A1 EP1423645 A1 EP 1423645A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
damping arrangement
wall
arrangement according
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02758740A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1423645B1 (fr
Inventor
Urs Benz
Jaan Hellat
Franz Joos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1423645A1 publication Critical patent/EP1423645A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1423645B1 publication Critical patent/EP1423645B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F23M20/005—Noise absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a damping arrangement for reducing resonant vibrations in a combustion chamber with a double-walled combustion chamber wall, which gas-tightly encloses an intermediate space with an outer wall surface part and an inner wall surface part facing the combustion chamber, into which cooling air can be fed for the purposes of convective cooling of the combustion chamber wall.
  • a combustion chamber with a double-walled combustion chamber wall mentioned above can be seen, for example, from EP 0 669 500 B1.
  • the double-walled combustion chamber wall, which surrounds the combustion zone, is flowed through in its enclosed space for cooling purposes with compressed combustion air, the double-walled combustion chamber wall being cooled by means of convective cooling. Further details on the design of such a combustion chamber can be found in detail in the aforementioned European patent, the disclosure content of which is referred to here.
  • Combustion chambers designed in this way are used primarily for the operation of gas turbines, but they are also generally used in heat-generating systems, for example for firing boilers.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations occur in these combustion chambers, which show quite pronounced resonance phenomena in the frequency range between 20 and 400 Hz.
  • Vibrations also known as combustion chamber pulsations can assume amplitudes and the associated pressure fluctuations, as a result of which the combustion chamber itself is exposed to strong mechanical loads which can decisively reduce the service life of the combustion chamber and, in the worst case, can even destroy the combustion chamber.
  • acoustic damping elements such as Helmholtz dampers or ⁇ / 4 pipes.
  • Such acoustic damping elements generally consist of a bottle neck and a larger volume connected to the bottle neck, which is in each case adapted to the frequency to be damped.
  • large damping volumes are required, which cannot be integrated into every combustion chamber from a design point of view.
  • Active countermeasures are also known for specifically combating combustion chamber pulsations, with which, for example, anti-noise fields are coupled into the combustion chamber in order to specifically suppress or destroy the resonant pressure fluctuations. All of the measures mentioned at the outset for the targeted damping of combustion chamber pulsations occurring in combustion chambers are individually adapted to the corresponding circumstances of the individual combustion chambers and cannot readily be transferred to other combustion chamber types.
  • the combustion chamber with convective cooling described at the beginning within the double-walled combustion chamber wall has been optimized in the light of low-pollution combustion.
  • damping measures with which an effective damping of combustion chamber pulsations which form within a combustion chamber of the type described above is possible without impairing the properties of the combustion chamber which are optimized for combustion.
  • damping measures whose structural requirements are as small as possible in order to be able to integrate them in a space-saving manner in combustion chamber systems of the type mentioned above. In particular, this is intended to keep the possibility open of integrating the combustion chamber in systems which only have limited space.
  • a damping arrangement for reducing resonant vibrations in a combustion chamber with a double-walled combustion chamber wall which gas-tightly encloses an intermediate space with an outer wall surface part and an inner wall surface part facing the combustion chamber the cooling air can be fed in for the purpose of convective cooling of the combustion chamber wall, in such a way that at least a third wall flat part is provided which encloses a gas-tight volume with the outer wall flat part and the gas-tight volume is connected gas-tight to the combustion chamber via at least one connecting line.
  • the third wall panel part supplements the combustion chamber wall, which is in any case double-walled, at least locally or in sections to form a three-walled wall structure, the volume enclosed by the outer wall panel part of the double-walled combustion chamber wall and the third wall panel part serving as resonance or absorber volume, i.e. is designed in shape and size in such a way that an acoustically effective coupling of the absorber volume to the combustion chamber is created via the connection line, which is designed as a connecting tube, between the resonance or absorber volume - hereinafter only referred to as the absorber volume - and the combustion chamber, so that a damping of itself combustion chamber pulsation forming within the combustion chamber with a certain frequency is effectively possible.
  • the specific choice of shape and size also applies to the connecting tube itself, which must have a certain length and a certain cross-section in order to attenuate a desired frequency.
  • the connecting line designed as a connecting tube locally passes through the space of the double-walled combustion chamber through which cooling air flows and is at the same time effectively cooled by cooling air flowing around it.
  • This has the advantage that air does not have to be passed through the connecting tube separately for cooling purposes.
  • a heating or overheating of the absorber volume from the side of the combustion chamber through the connecting tube can also be ruled out, especially since, as mentioned above, this undergoes effective cooling. If the cooling effect of the cooling air flowing around the connecting tube on the connecting tube is not sufficient, a targeted flow through the binding tube with cooling air ensure the lack of cooling effect.
  • This additional cooling effect can be brought about either with the cooling air from the intermediate space and / or from outside the combustion chamber, for example from the plenum, through an opening in the third part of the wall surface.
  • a cooling air flow directed through the connecting tube should have a flow velocity of less than 10 m / s.
  • a large number of connecting tubes connected to corresponding absorber volumes are provided along the double-walled combustion chamber wall, preferably at those locations where antinodes form within the combustion chamber.
  • the number of such damping arrangements, each consisting of the absorber volume and a connecting tube, as well as their spatial configuration in terms of shape and size, is basically determined by the respective acoustic conditions of the combustion chamber pulsations that form within the combustion chamber, which are also referred to as thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the resonance frequency f to be damped is calculated as a function of the absorber volume A to be provided:
  • an acoustically effective volume within the absorber volume can be adjusted, for example in the form of a stamp which variably reduces or enlarges the acoustically effective volume.
  • acoustically effective volume is understood to mean that part of the absorber volume which is freely accessible to the connecting tube. If the actuating means designed as a stamp divides the absorber volume into two spatial areas, that is to say into a spatial area in front of and one behind the stamp surface in relation to the connecting tube, the volume fraction behind the stamp surface does not contribute to acoustic absorption or damping.
  • the third wall surface part delimiting the absorber volume elastic in order to further improve the degree of damping of the arrangement.
  • the double-walled combustion chamber wall is composed of two wall surface parts, both of which can be produced by means of a casting process.
  • the inner wall surface part provides so-called longitudinal ribs as spacing elements and holding ribs as fastening webs, by means of which the two wall surface parts can be firmly connected to one another while maintaining an exact spacing.
  • the connecting lines designed as connecting tubes are provided along an already provided holding rib, so that the connecting tube and the holding rib can be produced as a one-piece structural unit together with the inner wall flat part in a single casting step. This measure also considerably facilitates the casting-related production of the inner wall surface part with an exactly predeterminable wall surface thickness, whereby large parts of the wall surface can also be realized with a predefinable constant dimensioning without deviations in thickness.
  • FIGS. 2a, b, c are sectional views showing an embodiment in a plurality of individual absorber units arranged side by side
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an absorber volume with a stamp arrangement
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of absorber units along a combustion chamber.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a damping arrangement for reducing resonant vibrations in a combustion chamber 1, which is surrounded by a double-walled combustion chamber wall 2, which gas-tightly encloses an intermediate space 3 with an outer wall surface part 22 and an inner wall surface part 21, in the cooling air for convective purposes Cooling of the combustion chamber wall 2, in particular the inner wall surface part 21, can be fed.
  • a third wall surface part 4 is provided, which together with the outer wall surface part 22 forms a gas-tight volume, the so-called resonance or absorber volume 5. closes.
  • the absorber volume 5 is connected directly to the combustion chamber 1 via a connecting line 6, in the form of a connecting tube and at the same time establishes an acoustic operative connection between the combustion chamber 1 and the absorber volume 5.
  • the inner and outer wall panel parts 21 and 22 are manufactured by casting, the wall panel part 21 having longitudinal ribs 7 which serve as spacer elements and ensure a predetermined exact distance between the outer wall panel part 22 and the inner wall panel part 21. Furthermore, the inner wall panel part 21 usually provides holding ribs 8, which are longer than the longitudinal ribs 7 and, in the assembled state, protrude through a corresponding opening 9 within the outer wall panel part 22 and are firmly connected to the wall panel part 22 by means of a gas-tight weld connection 10.
  • connection line 6 provided for the acoustic coupling of the absorber volume 5 to the volume of the combustion chamber 1 is integrated in one piece with the retaining rib 8, which, like the longitudinal rib 7, is connected in one piece with the inner wall surface part 21 and is produced in a single casting process can.
  • FIG. 2a to c show partial representations of a preferred implementation of the damping arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2a shows the top view of the outer wall surface part 22 of a combustion chamber with absorber volumes 5 applied locally, which are each delimited by a third wall surface part 4.
  • FIG. 2b shows a sectional view along the section line AA in FIG. 2a, along the double-walled combustion chamber wall 2 and the third wall surface parts 4, which are each firmly connected to the outer wall surface part 22 in a gastight manner.
  • Each individual absorber volume 5 projects above a connecting line 6, which tically effective connection between the absorber volume 5 and the combustion chamber 1.
  • FIG. 2 c shows a sectional illustration along section line BB in FIG. 2 b, which shows a cross section through the combustion chamber wall 2.
  • a stamp-like adjusting means 11 is provided within the absorber volume 5, through which the acoustically effective volume 5 ′ passes corresponding linear movement (see double arrow display) can be varied continuously.
  • the acoustically effective volume 5 ' is connected to the combustion chamber 1 via two connecting lines 6 and in this way is able to selectively vaporize certain combustion chamber pulsations which form within the combustion chamber 1 according to the frequency.
  • a plurality of connecting lines are preferably provided along the combustion chamber within the double-walled combustion chamber wall.
  • the connecting lines are preferably to be provided precisely at those points in the combustion chamber at which antinodes are formed.
  • the corresponding connecting lines 6, which are introduced within the combustion chamber wall 2 are provided in the longitudinal axis x of the combustion chamber at those points at which combustion chamber vibrations with have different frequencies f1, f2 amplitude maxima.
  • one or more connecting lines 6 can be combined in a common absorber volume 5.
  • FIG. 4 also shows that only a certain frequency can be effectively attenuated per absorber volume.
  • two differently designed absorber volumes are therefore required.
  • the absorber volumes which each dampen vibrations of a frequency, are preferably arranged axially one behind the other on the combustion chamber housing. The absorber volumes are thus distributed to damp different frequencies in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber housing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble amortisseur conçu pour réduire les vibrations de résonance dans une chambre de combustion (1) présentant une double paroi (2) qui définit, avec une partie de surface de paroi externe (22) et une partie de surface de paroi interne (21) faisant face à la chambre de combustion (1), un espace intermédiaire (3) étanche au gaz, dans lequel peut être apporté de l'air de refroidissement servant à refroidir par convection la paroi (2) de la chambre de combustion. Cette invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une troisième partie de surface de paroi (4) définit, avec ladite partie de surface de paroi externe (22), un volume étanche au gaz (5) et en ce que ce volume étanche au gaz (5) est connecté à la chambre de combustion (1) de manière étanche au gaz, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une ligne de connexion (6).
EP02758740A 2001-09-07 2002-08-28 Ensemble amortisseur concu pour reduire les pulsations d'une chambre de combustion dans une installation de turbine a gaz Expired - Lifetime EP1423645B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH166301 2001-09-07
CH16632001 2001-09-07
PCT/IB2002/003492 WO2003023281A1 (fr) 2001-09-07 2002-08-28 Ensemble amortisseur concu pour reduire les pulsations d'une chambre de combustion dans une installation de turbine a gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1423645A1 true EP1423645A1 (fr) 2004-06-02
EP1423645B1 EP1423645B1 (fr) 2008-10-08

Family

ID=4565804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02758740A Expired - Lifetime EP1423645B1 (fr) 2001-09-07 2002-08-28 Ensemble amortisseur concu pour reduire les pulsations d'une chambre de combustion dans une installation de turbine a gaz

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7104065B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1423645B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005527761A (fr)
CN (1) CN1250906C (fr)
DE (1) DE50212871D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003023281A1 (fr)

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CN1250906C (zh) 2006-04-12
CN1551965A (zh) 2004-12-01
WO2003023281A1 (fr) 2003-03-20
JP2005527761A (ja) 2005-09-15
EP1423645B1 (fr) 2008-10-08
US7104065B2 (en) 2006-09-12
DE50212871D1 (de) 2008-11-20
US20040248053A1 (en) 2004-12-09

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