EP1426460A1 - Acier pour construction mécanique, procédé de mise en forme à chaud d'une pièce de cet acier, et pièce ainsi obtenue - Google Patents

Acier pour construction mécanique, procédé de mise en forme à chaud d'une pièce de cet acier, et pièce ainsi obtenue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1426460A1
EP1426460A1 EP03292975A EP03292975A EP1426460A1 EP 1426460 A1 EP1426460 A1 EP 1426460A1 EP 03292975 A EP03292975 A EP 03292975A EP 03292975 A EP03292975 A EP 03292975A EP 1426460 A1 EP1426460 A1 EP 1426460A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traces
steel
piece
cooling
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03292975A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc Robelet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asco Industries
Original Assignee
Ascometal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascometal SA filed Critical Ascometal SA
Publication of EP1426460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1426460A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the steel industry, and more specifically, the manufacturing steel parts which can be used, in particular, in construction mechanical and shaped by the process called "thixoforgeage".
  • Thixoforgging belongs to the category of setting processes forms metals in a semi-solid state.
  • This process consists in carrying out a significant deformation on a plot heated between solidus and liquidus.
  • the steels used for this process are those conventionally used for hot forging, which is done if necessary beforehand undergoing a metallurgical operation consisting in globulating the primary structure classically dendritic. Indeed, this primary dendritic structure is not not suitable for thixoforging operations.
  • this primary dendritic structure is not not suitable for thixoforging operations.
  • micro-segregation existing between the dendrites and the inter-dendritic spaces will cause the steel fusion preferably in these inter-dendritic spaces.
  • the liquid phase will initially be ejected at the start of the application of effort. It will therefore be necessary to deform the solid phase and a residue of liquid largely separated from the solid phase, which will cause increased efforts.
  • the result obtained is bad: significant segregation, faults internal.
  • Thixoforging thus allows, compared to conventional processes hot forging, to realize in a single deformation operation parts of complex geometry which may have thin walls (1mm or less), and this with very little shaping efforts. Indeed, under the action of external efforts, steels suitable for an operation of thixoforgeage behave like viscous fluids.
  • the heating temperature and the amount of liquid phase formed are important parameters of the thixoforging process. Ease to get the "right" temperature and dispersion interval possible around this temperature to limit variations in the amount of liquid phase depend on the solidification interval. More this interval is large the easier it is to adjust the heating parameters.
  • this solidification interval is 110 ° C for a grade C38, and 172 ° C for grade 100Cr6. So it's much more easy to work with this last shade which has a temperature of solidus low: 1315 ° C, and a large solidification range: 172 ° C.
  • the aim of the invention is to propose new steel grades better suited to thixoforging than those conventionally used, in that they would reduce the stresses on the deformation tools. These new shades should not, moreover, degrade the properties mechanical parts obtained.
  • its Si content is between 0.10% and 1.0%.
  • the Mn% / Si% ratio is preferably greater than or equal to 0.4.
  • Said thixoforgging preferably takes place in an area of temperatures where the fraction of liquid matter present in the plot is between 10 and 40%.
  • Said cooling is preferably carried out in calm air.
  • Said cooling can be carried out at a speed lower than that which a natural air cooling would provide.
  • the invention also relates to a thixoforged steel part, characterized in that it was produced by the above process.
  • the invention essentially consists in add to a steel for mechanical construction of usual composition a or elements chosen from phosphorus, bismuth, tin, arsenic and antimony, or even silicon, in defined proportions.
  • FIG. 1 which shows the proportion of phase liquid in steel as a function of temperature for a reference steel and for a steel according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 which shows the same quantity for another reference steel / steel pair according to the invention.
  • the material is two-phase, which leads to a very different behavior during deformation: solid particles are included in liquid and if there are contacts (called bridges) between the solid particles, the very low forces required to break them are only not causes of ruin of the material.
  • the sum of the elements phosphorus, bismuth, tin, arsenic and antimony should not exceed 0.200% to avoid the aforementioned problems hot rolling or forging to obtain the piece intended for undergo thixoforgging.
  • arsenic is added during the preparation of the liquid metal, all necessary precautions must be taken so that the toxic vapors released are captured so as not to poison the steelworks staff.
  • the presence of arsenic results most often the addition of copper or tin, which arsenic accompanies generally as an impurity.
  • arsenic is an element very strongly segregating, it is necessary to take it into account to ensure that conjugation with the other segregating elements, it does not lead to the effects harmful to hot processing which have been cited.
  • the carbon content of the steels according to the invention can vary between 0.35% and 1.2%. On this condition, one can obtain metallurgical structures, mechanical properties and desirable properties of use for thixoforged steel parts usable in mechanical engineering. Content carbon must be chosen according to the intended use.
  • the silicon content of the steels of the invention can typically vary between 0.10 and 1.0%, but can go up to 3.0% if we are looking for an effect particularly accentuated by the addition of segregating elements and if the cost of the massive addition of silicon does not seem prohibitive to the manufacturer.
  • silicon lowers the solidus and liquidus and widen the solidification interval. It also has a synergistic effect on the segregation of other elements. It also improves the metal flow.
  • the manganese content can be between 0.10 and 2.0%. She must be adjusted according to the required mechanical properties, in conjunction with carbon and silicon contents. It has relatively little influence on liquidus and solidus temperatures. But, if the fluidity is high because of a high silicon content (for example 1% or more), a content of Manganese too weak gives the metal mechanical properties insufficient during cooling during continuous casting, resulting in risk of cracking. Such cracks may also appear, for the same reasons, during cooling following thixoforging, all the more so as the large variations in thickness of the part lead to significant differences in local cooling rates. We thus create stresses likely to favor the appearance of cracks if the properties steel mechanics are insufficient. For these reasons, it is preferable that the Mn% / Si% ratio is greater than or equal to 0.4.
  • the chromium content can be between traces and 4.5%.
  • the molybdenum content can be between traces and 2.0%.
  • the nickel content can be between traces and 4.5%.
  • the vanadium content is between traces and 0.5%.
  • this element makes it possible to obtain steels with very high mechanical characteristics can be substituted for steels rich in chromium and / or molybdenum and / or nickel, more expensive.
  • the copper content can be between traces and 3.5%. This element increases mechanical characteristics, improves the corrosion resistance and lower the solidus temperature. It should be noted that if copper is present in high quantities (0.5% and more), the nickel and / or silicon are present in sufficient quantities to avoid problems with hot rolling or forging. It is considered that if Cu% ⁇ 0.5%, Cu% ⁇ Ni% + 0.6 Si% must be present.
  • the sum of the phosphorus, bismuth, tin contents, arsenic and antimony must be at least 0.050% and must not exceed 0.200%. These elements can be present alone or in combination. If they are alone (i.e. the other elements of the list are only present trace amounts), there must therefore be at least 0.050% phosphorus, or 0.050% bismuth, or 0.050% tin, or 0.050% arsenic or 0.050% antimony.
  • the aluminum and calcium contents, deoxidizing elements, are between traces and respectively 0.060% for aluminum, 0.0050% for calcium.
  • Boron a quenching element, has its content between traces and 0.010%.
  • the sulfur content is between traces and 0.200%.
  • a high content promotes the machinability of the metal, especially if added elements such as tellurium (up to 0.020%), selenium (up to 0.040%) and lead (up to 0.070%). These machinability elements have little influence on the solidus and liquidus temperatures.
  • sulfur is added in notable quantities, it is good to have a Mn% / S% ratio of at least 4 so that hot rolling takes place without the formation of defects.
  • Niobium and titanium when added, help control grain size. Their maximum admissible contents are 0.050%.
  • the steels of the invention (Nos. 3 to 8) have undergone a addition of phosphorus bringing the content of this element between 0.050 and 0.200%.
  • the steels of the invention (Nos. 3 to 8) have undergone a addition of phosphorus bringing the content of this element between 0.050 and 0.200%.
  • Table 2 shows the composition of a reference steel and a steel according to the invention which is comparable to it, except that phosphorus and a little more silicon have been introduced into it.
  • Compositions of samples of a reference steel and of a steel according to the invention (in 10 -3 %) VS mn Yes Cr MB Or Cu V P S al reference 392 1383 523 193 29 87 118 88 8 56 25 invention 396 1405 620 158 21 85 151 89 96 85 2
  • Table 3 shows the composition of a reference steel and a steel according to the invention which is comparable to it, except that phosphorus, silicon, manganese have been introduced therein (to compensate for the addition of silicon, so as to maintain a suitable Mn% / Si% ratio) and sulfur.
  • Compositions of samples of a reference steel and of a steel according to the invention (in 10 -3 %) VS mn Yes Cr MB Or Cu P S al reference 0.377 0,825 0.19 0,167 0,039 0.113 0.143 0,007 0,009 0,022 invention 0.396 1,405 0.62 0.158 0,021 0,085 0,151 0,095 0,085 0,002
  • the thixoforgée piece does not present such variations of large section, it may be tolerable to perform air cooling breath. Such cooling can be favorable for obtaining a structure homogeneous metallurgy in the part section and good mechanical characteristics.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP03292975A 2002-12-05 2003-11-28 Acier pour construction mécanique, procédé de mise en forme à chaud d'une pièce de cet acier, et pièce ainsi obtenue Withdrawn EP1426460A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0215380A FR2848226B1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2002-12-05 Acier pour construction mecanique, procede de mise en forme a chaud d'une piece de cet acier, et piece ainsi obtenue
FR0215380 2002-12-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1426460A1 true EP1426460A1 (fr) 2004-06-09

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EP03292975A Withdrawn EP1426460A1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2003-11-28 Acier pour construction mécanique, procédé de mise en forme à chaud d'une pièce de cet acier, et pièce ainsi obtenue

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7005017B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP1426460A1 (pl)
JP (1) JP4194926B2 (pl)
CN (1) CN1294288C (pl)
CA (1) CA2452654C (pl)
FR (1) FR2848226B1 (pl)
MX (1) MXPA03011126A (pl)
PL (1) PL206007B1 (pl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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RU2467088C1 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2012-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Низколегированная хромистая сталь повышенной обрабатываемости
RU2470086C1 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2012-12-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Среднеуглеродистая хромомолибденовая сталь с улучшенной обрабатываемостью резанием
RU2514552C1 (ru) * 2013-02-25 2014-04-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Среднеуглеродистая легированная сталь повышенной механической обрабатываемости

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FR2848129B1 (fr) * 2002-12-05 2006-01-27 Ascometal Sa Procede de fabrication d'un piston pour moteur a explosion, et piston ainsi obtenu
US20090274573A1 (en) * 2006-12-25 2009-11-05 Kei Miyanishi Machine Structural Steel Excellent in Machinability and Strength Properties
RU2433200C2 (ru) * 2008-12-05 2011-11-10 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Научно-исследовательский и экспериментальный институт автомобильной электроники и электрооборудования" (ФГУП НИИАЭ) Автоматная сталь и изделие, выполненное из нее
RU2406778C1 (ru) * 2009-05-05 2010-12-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат" Прокат круглого поперечного сечения для холодной осадки из стали
CN102433505A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-02 虞海盈 一种生产滚动轴承的材料
CN102644036B (zh) * 2012-04-28 2013-08-21 江苏天舜金属材料集团有限公司 一种高强螺旋肋钢筋及其加工方法
CN105026593B (zh) 2013-03-20 2017-03-22 爱知制钢株式会社 锻造部件及其制造方法、以及连杆
CN112899571B (zh) * 2021-01-19 2022-03-08 山东钢铁股份有限公司 一种耐疲劳耐腐蚀锻压用圆钢及其制备方法
CN113684418A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-23 北京理工大学重庆创新中心 一种高淬透性的翻斗车车厢用热轧热成形高强钢
CN118441228B (zh) * 2024-04-26 2025-09-30 鞍钢股份有限公司 低裂纹诱发敏感性储氢罐体用压力容器钢板及其制造方法

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US5667605A (en) * 1994-12-13 1997-09-16 Ascometal Method of fabrication of a piece of structural steel, and the steel fabricated thereby
WO1998003686A1 (en) * 1996-07-18 1998-01-29 The University Of Melbourne Semi-solid forming
EP0864662A1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1998-09-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Casting material for thixocasting, method for preparing partially solidified casting material for thixocasting, thixo-casting method, iron-base cast, and method for heat-treating iron-base cast
DE19938936A1 (de) * 1998-08-18 2000-03-02 Honda Motor Co Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Teils auf Fe-Basis mit hohem Young'schem Modul und ein Teil auf Fe-Basis mit hohem Young'schem Modul und hoher Zähigkeit
GB2345699A (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fe alloy material for thixocasting and method for heating the same
JP2001123242A (ja) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Honda Motor Co Ltd チクソキャスティング用Ｆｅ系合金材料
WO2001059170A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-16 Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. Machine structural steel being free of lead, excellent in machinability and reduced in strength anisotropy
US6332938B1 (en) * 1998-08-18 2001-12-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing Fe-based member having high young's modulus and high toughness

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JP2002249823A (ja) * 2001-02-22 2002-09-06 Kawasaki Steel Corp 快削鋼の製造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5667605A (en) * 1994-12-13 1997-09-16 Ascometal Method of fabrication of a piece of structural steel, and the steel fabricated thereby
WO1998003686A1 (en) * 1996-07-18 1998-01-29 The University Of Melbourne Semi-solid forming
EP0864662A1 (en) * 1996-09-02 1998-09-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Casting material for thixocasting, method for preparing partially solidified casting material for thixocasting, thixo-casting method, iron-base cast, and method for heat-treating iron-base cast
GB2345699A (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fe alloy material for thixocasting and method for heating the same
DE19938936A1 (de) * 1998-08-18 2000-03-02 Honda Motor Co Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Teils auf Fe-Basis mit hohem Young'schem Modul und ein Teil auf Fe-Basis mit hohem Young'schem Modul und hoher Zähigkeit
US6332938B1 (en) * 1998-08-18 2001-12-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing Fe-based member having high young's modulus and high toughness
JP2001123242A (ja) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Honda Motor Co Ltd チクソキャスティング用Ｆｅ系合金材料
WO2001059170A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-16 Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. Machine structural steel being free of lead, excellent in machinability and reduced in strength anisotropy

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KAPRANOS P ET AL: "SEMI-SOLID PROCESSING OF ALUMINIUM AND HIGH MELTING POINT ALLOYS", INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. PROCEEDINGS. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS LTD. LONDON, GB, vol. 207, no. B01, 1993, pages 1 - 8, XP008015462, ISSN: 0954-4054 *
KAPRANOS P ET AL: "SEMI-SOLID PROCESSING OF TOOL STEEL", BULLETIN DE L'ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE, XX, XX, vol. 3, no. 7, PART 2, November 1993 (1993-11-01), pages 835 - 840, XP008015460 *
MEUSER H ET AL: "MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SEMI-SOLID STATE OF THE STEEL X210CRW12 UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUR GEFUEGEENTWICKLUNG DES STAHLES X210CRW12 IM TELLFLUESSIGEN BEREICH", STEEL RESEARCH, DUESSELDORF, DE, vol. 72, no. 7, July 2001 (2001-07-01), pages 271 - 276, XP008015461, ISSN: 0177-4832 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 22 9 March 2001 (2001-03-09) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2467088C1 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2012-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Низколегированная хромистая сталь повышенной обрабатываемости
RU2470086C1 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2012-12-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Среднеуглеродистая хромомолибденовая сталь с улучшенной обрабатываемостью резанием
RU2514552C1 (ru) * 2013-02-25 2014-04-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет" (национальный исследовательский университет) (ФГБОУ ВПО "ЮУрГУ" (НИУ)) Среднеуглеродистая легированная сталь повышенной механической обрабатываемости

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1294288C (zh) 2007-01-10
US7005017B2 (en) 2006-02-28
US20040149360A1 (en) 2004-08-05
JP2004183102A (ja) 2004-07-02
FR2848226A1 (fr) 2004-06-11
FR2848226B1 (fr) 2006-06-09
CA2452654A1 (fr) 2004-06-05
MXPA03011126A (es) 2004-12-07
JP4194926B2 (ja) 2008-12-10
PL363906A1 (pl) 2004-06-14
CA2452654C (fr) 2009-10-06
CN1510154A (zh) 2004-07-07
PL206007B1 (pl) 2010-06-30

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