EP1430286A2 - Evaluation d'un comportement de degradation d'un objet test - Google Patents

Evaluation d'un comportement de degradation d'un objet test

Info

Publication number
EP1430286A2
EP1430286A2 EP02774335A EP02774335A EP1430286A2 EP 1430286 A2 EP1430286 A2 EP 1430286A2 EP 02774335 A EP02774335 A EP 02774335A EP 02774335 A EP02774335 A EP 02774335A EP 1430286 A2 EP1430286 A2 EP 1430286A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
analog
unit
test object
computer unit
digital
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02774335A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Müller
Thomas Völkel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1430286A2 publication Critical patent/EP1430286A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/001—Impulsive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
    • G01N2203/0083—Rebound strike or reflected energy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0688—Time or frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for signal recording and for evaluating the decay behavior of a test object after mechanical pulse excitation.
  • the invention has for its object to enable the evaluation of the decay behavior of a test object after pulse excitation with a simple system automatically.
  • Coupling means for coupling to sensors, which are provided for detecting vibrations of the test object and for converting the detected vibrations into analog vibration signals
  • an amplifier unit for adjusting the amplitude of the analog oscillation signals, a low-pass filter unit to avoid aliasing effects,
  • the components of the compact mobile unit carry out the signal recording and the evaluation of the recorded signals. Algorithms optimized for sound analysis can run on the computer unit.
  • the amplifier unit ensures an optimal adaptation of the analog signal level to the subsequent analog / digital conversion. For a proper analysis, it is essential that the analog signal is low-pass filtered before the analog / digital conversion in order to avoid aliasing effects.
  • the data converted by the analog / digital converters are analyzed and evaluated directly by the computer unit.
  • the system according to the invention is characterized by the amalgamation of hardware, software and analysis knowledge for sound analysis into a compact, easy-to-use system.
  • the sensors are integrated in the compact mobile unit.
  • the compact mobile unit can be attached directly to the test object to be evaluated without any additional external hardware.
  • the proposed system becomes even more independent of additional external systems if digital inputs and outputs are provided for connecting the computer unit with a mechanism for mechanical impulse excitation of the test object.
  • the computer unit can use this connection to control the mechanism and so on to control the complete test process from the excitation to the evaluation of the data.
  • the integration of supply units for supplying energy to the sensors makes it possible to connect external sensors to the compact mobile unit without the need for any other external supply unit.
  • a communication interface is provided for connecting the computer unit to an external operating and monitoring system.
  • This higher-quality communication interface which, for. B. is based on an industry standard bus, enables the communication of the computer unit, in particular for project planning and monitoring purposes, with the external operator control and monitoring system.
  • the software running on the computer unit can be accessed and changed and / or optimized via an externally running parameterization / monitoring system.
  • the digital inputs and outputs be provided for connecting the computer unit to the external automation device.
  • operating and monitoring elements can be integrated into the compact mobile unit.
  • the computer unit is designed as an adaptive system.
  • the software installed on the computer unit contains so-called learning processes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system for automatic signal recording and for evaluating the decay behavior of a test object
  • FIG 2 shows an embodiment of the system with an external sensor and control of the pulse excitation by an automation device
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the system with an internal sensor and control of the pulse excitation by the internal computer unit
  • a compact mobile unit 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a system for automatic signal recording and for evaluating the decay behavior of a test object.
  • a compact mobile unit 1 is shown, which is connected to an external sensor 13 via coupling means 3.
  • the compact unit 1 also contains an internal sensor 2, a supply unit 4 and an amplifier unit
  • a low-pass filter unit 6 an analog / digital converter 7
  • a computer unit 8 a memory 9
  • a communication interface 10 digital inputs and outputs 11 and operating and observation elements 12.
  • the sensors 2, 13 are e.g. B. designed as a laser vibrometer, as a speed or as an acceleration sensor.
  • the sensors 2, 13 are supplied with energy by one or more supply units 4.
  • a supply unit 4 is typically one Power supply (20 mA) or a voltage supply, depending on the type of sensor 2, 13 used.
  • the external sensor 13 is connected to the mobile unit 1 via a connecting line and coupling means 3, the internal sensor 2 is integrated directly into the unit 1 , Depending on the design, the system can work with one or more internal 2 and / or external 13 sensors.
  • the task of the sensors 2, 13 is to convert the detected mechanical vibrations of the test object into electrical vibrations proportional to these vibrations.
  • the analog signals are passed on to one or more amplifier units 5 via the supply unit 4.
  • the amplifier units 5 each amplify the amplitude of the analog signals in such a way that it is optimized for further processing, in particular for the analog / digital conversion.
  • the amplified analog electrical signals are passed on from the amplifier unit 5 to the low-pass filter unit 6.
  • the low-pass filter unit 6 serves as a so-called anti-aliasing filter or anti-aliasing low-pass.
  • An anti-aliasing low pass limits a spectrum of a time and value continuous signal to a certain bandwidth fg. This ensures that the original signal can be exactly reconstructed from the sample values taken in the subsequent analog / digital conversion 7 at a distance of less than or equal to (1/2) * fg.
  • the filtered analog signals are converted into digital data by the analog / digital converter 7.
  • This digital data can then be processed further by a computer unit 8.
  • the computer unit 8 is designed as a microprocessor. Software is loaded on the microprocessor. This software is characterized by the fact that it contains executable programs that perform procedures that are specific to the Analysis of non-stationary signals (sounds) are designed.
  • edge detection for determining the optimal recording duration, for determining the resonance frequency, for determining damping constants, for the correlation calculation of several oscillation events, for using normalization functions for eliminating excitation differences, for filtering distinctive frequencies, for determining the ratio of decay constants of different frequency components and / or to determine the transfer function parameters from the
  • the computer unit 8 is connected to a memory 9. It is thus possible to store 9 results from previous measurements or calculations in the memory. These results can be used for further analyzes - especially one
  • Trend analysis - be used.
  • the evaluation of the digital data by the computer unit 8 contains a vibration analysis and an evaluation of the digital data based on the results of the vibration analysis. Such an evaluation can be carried out with different objectives and depends on the respective design of the test object.
  • the proposed system can e.g. They can be used, for example, for material testing (crack detection in roof tiles, firebrick, glass, castings, etc.), for leak testing of containers (eg food jars) or for determining the layer thickness (eg the deposited layer in a desublimator).
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the system with an external sensor 21 and control of the pulse excitation by
  • the compact mobile unit 1 is designed as a sound sensor 20.
  • the sound sensor 20 has a connection option 23 for an external sensor 21, operating and monitoring elements 16, a higher-quality communication interface 19 and digital inputs and outputs 18.
  • Other components contained in the clan sensor 20 - e.g. B. according to the components of the mobile Unit 1 from FIG 1 - are not shown here.
  • the external sensor is attached to a test object 24, which is excited by a mechanism 15 with a mechanical pulse.
  • the mechanism 15 is connected to an external automation device 14, which is connected to the sound sensor 20 and an external operating and monitoring system 17 via the digital inputs and outputs 18.
  • the external operating and monitoring system 17 is connected to the sound sensor 20 via the communication interface 19.
  • a test object 24 is excited by the mechanism 15 to mechanical vibrations.
  • a mechanism 15 is e.g. B. an electrically, electromagnetically or pneumatically driven plunger.
  • the mechanism receives control signals from the automation device 14.
  • the sound sensor 20 combines the functions of signal processing and the evaluation of the decay behavior of the test object 24.
  • the sound sensor 20 forms a compact, spatially limited structural unit, for. B. by installing all components in a common housing, which can be used mobile.
  • the connections to the external sensor 21, to the automation device 14 and to the operating and monitoring system 17 are designed to be easily separable.
  • the sound sensor 20 can be operated and monitored via the external operating and monitoring system 17 and / or via operating and monitoring elements 12 integrated into the structural unit of the sound sensor 20, the operating and monitoring system 17 also being used for complex operating functions, eg. B. for the intervention in the software of the sound sensor 20 is provided, the integrated control and monitoring elements 12, however, rather for simple operations, such as setting parameters.
  • the external automation device 14 can also be operated and observed via the external operating and monitoring system 17.
  • 3 shows an embodiment of the system with an internal sensor 16 and control of the pulse excitation by the internal computer unit. Components of the same type in FIG. 3 or in FIG. 2 are identified by the same reference symbols.
  • the sound sensor 20 here contains an internal sensor 22 and here the sound sensor 20 or the computer unit 8 contained therein controls the pulse excitation of the test object 24 by means of the mechanism 15.
  • the mechanism 15 for mechanical pulse excitation of the test object 24 is connected directly to the digital inputs and outputs 18 of the sound sensor 20.
  • the sound sensor 20 can be attached directly to the test object 24 by integrating the sensor 22 into the structural unit of the sound sensor 20. Due to the compact, handy design of the sound sensor 20, it can be reversibly attached to various test objects 24 as required. Since, in particular in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, all functions and components required for sound analysis are integrated in the structural unit of the sound sensor 20, the sound sensor 20 can be used for the self-sufficient testing of test objects 24 without additional devices being required. The results of the evaluation can be promptly carried out by connected systems such. B. automation devices 14 and / or operating and monitoring systems 17 or at a later time by using the memory 9 of the sound sensor 24 and read.
  • FIG. 4 shows a typical time signal 25 of a mechanical oscillation of a test object 24 after mechanical impulse excitation.
  • the amplitude values of the time signal 25 are plotted against the vertical axis of the diagram shown, and the time is plotted against the horizontal axis.
  • amplitude values are the scaled measured value of the acceleration.
  • the test object 24 is designed as a desublimator container.
  • the invention thus relates to a simply constructed system for automatic signal recording and for evaluating the decay behavior of a test object after mechanical impulse excitation.
  • the system contains
  • Coupling means 3 for coupling to sensors 2, 13, which are provided for detecting vibrations of the test object 24 and for converting the detected vibrations into analogue vibration signals, an amplifier unit 5 for adjusting the amplitude of the analogue vibration signals, a low-pass filter unit 6 for avoiding aliasing effects, analog / digital Converter 7 for converting the analog vibration signals into digital data and a computer unit 8 for vibration analysis and for evaluating the digital data, the coupling means 3, the amplifier unit 5, the low-pass filter unit 6, the analog / digital converter 7 and the computer unit 8 in one compact mobile unit 1 are combined in series.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de structure simple permettant l'enregistrement de signal automatique et l'évaluation du comportement de dégradation d'un objet test après une excitation par impulsion mécanique. Le système comprend: des éléments de couplage (3) destinés au couplage avec des capteurs (2, 13) qui servent à détecter des oscillations de l'objet test (24), et à convertir les oscillations détectées en signaux analogiques d'oscillation; une unité d'amplification (5) destinée à adapter l'amplitude des signaux analogiques d'oscillation; une unité de filtre passe-bas (6) destinée à éviter les effets de repliement de spectre; un convertisseur analogique/numérique (7) destiné à convertir les signaux analogiques d'oscillation en données numériques; et une unité de calcul (8) destinée à l'analyse d'oscillation et à l'évaluation des données numériques. Selon l'invention, les éléments de couplage (3), l'unité d'amplification (5), l'unité de filtre passe-bas (6), le convertisseur analogique/numérique (7) et l'unité de calcul (8) sont connectés en série pour former une unité mobile compacte (1).
EP02774335A 2001-09-24 2002-09-11 Evaluation d'un comportement de degradation d'un objet test Withdrawn EP1430286A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10146895A DE10146895A1 (de) 2001-09-24 2001-09-24 Auswertung des Abklingverhaltens eines Prüfobjekts
DE10146895 2001-09-24
PCT/DE2002/003387 WO2003027642A2 (fr) 2001-09-24 2002-09-11 Evaluation d'un comportement de degradation d'un objet test

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1430286A2 true EP1430286A2 (fr) 2004-06-23

Family

ID=7700014

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02774335A Withdrawn EP1430286A2 (fr) 2001-09-24 2002-09-11 Evaluation d'un comportement de degradation d'un objet test

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20050021251A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1430286A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10146895A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003027642A2 (fr)

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CN100561174C (zh) * 2005-08-30 2009-11-18 南京航空航天大学 结构寿命指针监测系统
DE102008059471A1 (de) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vibroakustisch wirksamer Zuschlagstoff
DE102011112534B4 (de) * 2011-09-05 2014-02-13 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Prüfen eines aus zwei Halbschalen mit einer Dichtung zusammengefügten Gegenstands auf Dichtigkeit
JP6933595B2 (ja) 2018-03-14 2021-09-08 株式会社東芝 診断装置、診断ロボット、診断方法及びプログラム

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050021251A1 (en) 2005-01-27
DE10146895A1 (de) 2003-04-24
WO2003027642A3 (fr) 2003-07-10
WO2003027642A2 (fr) 2003-04-03

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