EP1469236A3 - Dispositif de sélection de gamme de vitesse de véhicule - Google Patents
Dispositif de sélection de gamme de vitesse de véhicule Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1469236A3 EP1469236A3 EP04009237A EP04009237A EP1469236A3 EP 1469236 A3 EP1469236 A3 EP 1469236A3 EP 04009237 A EP04009237 A EP 04009237A EP 04009237 A EP04009237 A EP 04009237A EP 1469236 A3 EP1469236 A3 EP 1469236A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switching device
- spool
- range switching
- running range
- vehicle running
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors , actuators or related electrical control means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J47/00—Kitchen containers, stands or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass; Cutting-boards, e.g. for bread
- A47J47/02—Closed containers for foodstuffs
- A47J47/04—Closed containers for foodstuffs for granulated foodstuffs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3458—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission with electric actuating means, e.g. shift by wire
- F16H63/3466—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission with electric actuating means, e.g. shift by wire using electric motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures
- F16H2061/1256—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
- F16H2061/1288—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected the failing part is an actuator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H2061/2869—Cam or crank gearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H2061/2884—Screw-nut devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors , actuators or related electrical control means therefor
- F16H2061/326—Actuators for range selection, i.e. actuators for controlling the range selector or the manual range valve in the transmission
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe ; Circumventing or fixing failures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
- Y10T74/19251—Control mechanism
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
- Y10T74/20018—Transmission control
- Y10T74/2003—Electrical actuator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
- Y10T74/20018—Transmission control
- Y10T74/20085—Restriction of shift, gear selection, or gear engagement
- Y10T74/20104—Shift element interlock
- Y10T74/2011—Shift element interlock with detent, recess, notch, or groove
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003114970 | 2003-04-18 | ||
| JP2003114970 | 2003-04-18 | ||
| JP2003431612 | 2003-12-25 | ||
| JP2003431612 | 2003-12-25 | ||
| JP2004061443A JP2005207570A (ja) | 2003-04-18 | 2004-03-04 | 車輌のレンジ切換え装置 |
| JP2004061443 | 2004-03-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1469236A2 EP1469236A2 (fr) | 2004-10-20 |
| EP1469236A3 true EP1469236A3 (fr) | 2009-12-23 |
Family
ID=32912849
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04009237A Withdrawn EP1469236A3 (fr) | 2003-04-18 | 2004-04-19 | Dispositif de sélection de gamme de vitesse de véhicule |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7146871B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1469236A3 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2005207570A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20040090701A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1537744A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (50)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7912613B2 (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2011-03-22 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Riding type vehicle |
| CN100491778C (zh) | 2004-07-01 | 2009-05-27 | 雅马哈发动机株式会社 | 用于跨骑式车辆的换档控制设备以及跨骑式车辆 |
| US8403093B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2013-03-26 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Speed change controller for saddle-ride type vehicles |
| JP4608298B2 (ja) | 2004-12-10 | 2011-01-12 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 変速制御装置、変速制御方法及び鞍乗型車両 |
| JP4742794B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2011-08-10 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 自動変速機 |
| JP4873543B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2012-02-08 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 自動変速制御装置および車両 |
| JP4863755B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2012-01-25 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | クラッチ用アクチュエータ、エンジンユニットおよび鞍乗型車両 |
| JP4931464B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2012-05-16 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | クラッチ制御装置および車両 |
| JP4972334B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2012-07-11 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | クラッチ用アクチュエータ、エンジンユニットおよび鞍乗型車両 |
| JP5121159B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2013-01-16 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 自動変速制御装置および車両 |
| JP5164337B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2013-03-21 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 自動変速制御装置および鞍乗型車両 |
| JP5089056B2 (ja) | 2006-02-24 | 2012-12-05 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | クラッチ異常検出装置、自動クラッチ装置および鞍乗型車両 |
| EP1826463B1 (fr) * | 2006-02-24 | 2009-02-18 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Actionneur pour boite de vitesses, véhicule, et méthode d'assemblage d'un véhicule |
| JP4873542B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2012-02-08 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 自動変速制御装置および車両 |
| JP4789688B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2011-10-12 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | クラッチ用アクチュエータ、エンジンユニットおよび鞍乗型車両 |
| TWI293603B (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2008-02-21 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Shift actuator, vehicle, and method of integrating vehicle |
| JP4840092B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-13 | 2011-12-21 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | シフトバイワイヤ式レンジ切換え装置 |
| US7926374B2 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2011-04-19 | Dura Global Technologies, Llc | Voice recognition shift control |
| US7574938B2 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2009-08-18 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Backup alignment system for an internal mode switch |
| CN101680537A (zh) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-03-24 | 爱信艾达株式会社 | 自动变速器控制单元 |
| US20090100954A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. | Control unit for automatic transmission |
| CN101408245B (zh) * | 2007-10-10 | 2012-10-03 | 光阳工业股份有限公司 | 车辆排挡机构 |
| EP2078886B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-14 | 2011-08-03 | Sila Holding Industriale Spa | Dispositif de commande d'une transmission, en particulier d'une transmission de véhicule automobile, avec un système d'identification de la vitesse engagée |
| US20090199672A1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-13 | John Impellizeri | Universal Selector Shaft for Motor Vehicle Transmissions |
| EP2235403B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-28 | 2012-08-29 | Aisin AW Co., Ltd. | Appareil de changement de gamme de vehicule |
| CN101654099B (zh) * | 2008-08-23 | 2012-05-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种汽车驻车机构及包括该机构的变速器 |
| JP5331514B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-26 | 2013-10-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 鞍乗り型車両の変速制御装置 |
| JP2010223355A (ja) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | シフトバイワイヤ装置 |
| DE102009028858A1 (de) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-03-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektrisch betreibbare Parksperrenvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeuggetriebe |
| KR101070320B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-10-06 | 김원태 | 원호운동 변환 장치 및 그 방법 |
| ITMO20100303A1 (it) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-04-30 | Cnh Italia Spa | Dispositivo di controllo per un veicolo a cingoli. |
| DE102012007061B4 (de) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-12-31 | Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg | Parksperrenanordnung und Kraftfahrzeuggetriebe |
| US8894545B2 (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2014-11-25 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Llc | Hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission having analog electronic transmission range selection |
| DE102013209085B4 (de) * | 2012-05-29 | 2021-05-12 | GM Global Technology Operations, LLC (n.d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Hydraulisches steuerungssystem für ein automatikgetriebe mit einer analogen elektronischen getriebestufenauswahl |
| JP5983040B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-30 | 2016-08-31 | 日本精工株式会社 | アクチュエータ |
| JP6047371B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-12-21 | 株式会社ハイレックスコーポレーション | 開閉駆動装置 |
| JP6084006B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-01 | 2017-02-22 | 三輪精機株式会社 | 変速機操作装置 |
| CN104048026B (zh) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-09-21 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 变速器 |
| US9150214B2 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-10-06 | Fca Us Llc | Techniques for robust park lock control |
| CN203442082U (zh) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-02-19 | 大陆汽车电子(芜湖)有限公司 | 凸轮齿轮和包括该凸轮齿轮的直线驱动装置 |
| US9394991B2 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-07-19 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Mechanism for vehicle transmission default to park |
| JP5762582B1 (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | シフトレンジ切り替え装置 |
| CN104776213B (zh) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-03-15 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | 一种装甲车辆自动换档装置 |
| JP6686966B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-04-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 回転式アクチュエータ |
| KR20200058151A (ko) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 전기 자동차의 다단 변속기용 기어 시프팅 장치 |
| KR102663983B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-05-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 전기 자동차의 다단 변속기용 기어 시프팅 장치 |
| JP7071314B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-12 | 2022-05-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 鞍乗り型車両の変速装置 |
| DE102021200929A1 (de) | 2020-02-04 | 2021-08-05 | Dana Heavy Vehicle Systems Group, Llc | Verfahren und systeme für ein stellantriebssystem |
| DE102021100602B4 (de) | 2021-01-14 | 2025-08-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Parksperrenmechanismus für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| CN115823247B (zh) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-11-26 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | 一种电子换挡执行机构及汽车 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB714709A (en) * | 1950-10-30 | 1954-09-01 | Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Co | Improvements in or relating to gear shift controlling apparatus |
| JPH07310820A (ja) * | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-28 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | 車両用オートマチックトランスミッションの操作装置 |
| EP0933565A2 (fr) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif actuateur pour opérer une valve de commande de changement de vitesse pour une boite de vitesse automatique |
| DE10038524A1 (de) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Automatisches Getriebe |
| DE10054977A1 (de) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Stellvorrichtung für ein einstellbares Getriebe |
| JP2002310295A (ja) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-23 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | 車両用自動変速機の操作装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4790204A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1988-12-13 | Automotive Products, Plc | Electric shift apparatus |
| US4843901A (en) * | 1987-09-14 | 1989-07-04 | Peterson David C | Electric shift apparatus with manual override |
| JP2508728Y2 (ja) * | 1990-02-28 | 1996-08-28 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 自動変速機のレンジ切替え装置 |
| US6016717A (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 2000-01-25 | Teleflex Incorporated | Helical cable actuator for shift by wire system |
| US6487484B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-11-26 | Shobers, Inc. | Shifting apparatus for an automatic transmission that is adapted to provide installation flexibility where space is limited within a motor vehicle |
| JP2001182828A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-06 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | 自動変速機のレンジ切り替え装置 |
| US6739042B2 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2004-05-25 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation | Method for assembling a mechatronics sensor |
-
2004
- 2004-03-04 JP JP2004061443A patent/JP2005207570A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-03 KR KR1020040023192A patent/KR20040090701A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-16 US US10/825,595 patent/US7146871B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-19 CN CNA2004100329570A patent/CN1537744A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-19 EP EP04009237A patent/EP1469236A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB714709A (en) * | 1950-10-30 | 1954-09-01 | Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Co | Improvements in or relating to gear shift controlling apparatus |
| JPH07310820A (ja) * | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-28 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | 車両用オートマチックトランスミッションの操作装置 |
| EP0933565A2 (fr) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif actuateur pour opérer une valve de commande de changement de vitesse pour une boite de vitesse automatique |
| DE10038524A1 (de) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Automatisches Getriebe |
| DE10054977A1 (de) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Stellvorrichtung für ein einstellbares Getriebe |
| JP2002310295A (ja) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-23 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | 車両用自動変速機の操作装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "Electric shifting device for automotive transmissions", RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, MASON PUBLICATIONS, HAMPSHIRE, GB, vol. 337, no. 95, 1 May 1992 (1992-05-01), XP007117726, ISSN: 0374-4353 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040261559A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
| KR20040090701A (ko) | 2004-10-26 |
| JP2005207570A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
| CN1537744A (zh) | 2004-10-20 |
| EP1469236A2 (fr) | 2004-10-20 |
| US7146871B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
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