EP1546459A2 - Dispositif pour appliquer un agent d'enduction liquide ou pateux sur une ou sur les deux faces d'une bande de matiere, en particulier une bande de papier ou de carton - Google Patents
Dispositif pour appliquer un agent d'enduction liquide ou pateux sur une ou sur les deux faces d'une bande de matiere, en particulier une bande de papier ou de cartonInfo
- Publication number
- EP1546459A2 EP1546459A2 EP03758099A EP03758099A EP1546459A2 EP 1546459 A2 EP1546459 A2 EP 1546459A2 EP 03758099 A EP03758099 A EP 03758099A EP 03758099 A EP03758099 A EP 03758099A EP 1546459 A2 EP1546459 A2 EP 1546459A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- material web
- support element
- support
- roller
- application
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/32—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with an excess of material, e.g. from a reservoir or in a manner necessitating removal of applied excess material from the paper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device, also referred to briefly as an application device, for one-sided or two-sided application of liquid or pasty application medium to a running material web, in particular made of paper or cardboard, comprising at least one application unit which delivers the application medium to a running substrate, the substrate being at direct application is a surface of the material web on one side and, in the case of indirect application, the surface of a transfer element, preferably a transfer roller, which then transfers the application medium to the surface of the material web on one side, a support arrangement being provided for this purpose to support the material web on the other side in the area of the application work in the case of a direct order or in the area of the transmission element in the case of an indirect order.
- an application device for one-sided or two-sided application of liquid or pasty application medium to a running material web, in particular made of paper or cardboard, comprising at least one application unit which delivers the application medium to a running substrate, the substrate being at direct application is a surface of the material web on one side and, in the case of indirect
- Devices of this type are known in particular, but not exclusively, in connection with the production and refinement of paper or cardboard webs in the paper industry.
- coating machines or coating devices which are used to apply a coating medium, in particular a coating color, on one or both sides to a paper or cardboard web in order to refine the paper or the cardboard.
- Different application methods and different application systems or order units are known. We only refer to the keywords grinding order, nipping or roller order, nozzle order and curtain or veil order.
- a paper refinement by coating can take place, on the one hand, in what is known as online operation, in which the corresponding coating machine is integrated into a machine producing the material web or directly adjoins it. Further In practice, separate coating or application machines are used in relation to the machine for producing the material web, to which the material web to be treated is fed in the form of material web rolls. In this context, one speaks of a strike in offline mode.
- a device of the type mentioned at the outset is also known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,961,968.
- This patent is based on a state of the art in which the material web is supported directly by means of a counter roller in the area of the applicator unit directly applying to the material web.
- the US patent proposes to support the material web by means of a support belt guided over several rollers and to apply it by means of the application unit in a straight-line region of the material web supported by the support belt.
- the support arrangement has a guide and deflection roller arrangement and at least one elongate support element which rotates around several rollers of the guide and deflection roller arrangement and which has a support side on the other side engages the material web in order to support the material web and / or to provide support by at least one of the guide and deflection rollers, and that in association with the support arrangement at least one clamping roller is provided which acts on the surface on one side of the material web and is arranged in this way is that the material web is fed to the applicator or the transfer element via the clamping roller and the material web is clamped between the support element acting on its other side and the clamping roller.
- a disruptive influence of an air boundary layer carried along on the surface of the material web to be provided with the application medium can be eliminated or at least significantly reduced.
- an air boundary layer can be removed in the sense of stripping or squeezing, or at least destabilized to such an extent that the application of the application medium to the surface can be carried out very evenly and without air pockets and accordingly high quality requirements.
- an air boundary layer carried along on the other surface of the material web can be eliminated or at least significantly reduced in the sense of stripping or squeezing, so that the material web and the support element can engage in an intimate and accordingly defined support relationship.
- the disruptive air can then be held back particularly effectively, in particular stripped or squeezed, if the clamping roller has a comparatively small diameter, since then a comparatively large surface pressure (clamping force per unit area) on the material web for clamping the material web between the support element and the clamping roller or the entrained air boundary layer is obtained.
- the web run can also be reliably stabilized at high speeds by means of the support element, which may be designed as a belt. By means of the support element which supports and possibly guides the web, web flutter caused by air turbulence can in particular be avoided or at least significantly reduced.
- the support element provided according to the invention also offers the advantage that a counter roller, if provided, can be designed without surface rubber coating to be renewed at certain time intervals and without surface grinding to be reground at certain time intervals. If necessary, the support element can be replaced without excessively long downtimes, provided that it is subject to any significant wear and is therefore in need of renewal at certain intervals.
- a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention which reliably avoids problems with an air boundary layer carried on the surface to be provided with application medium, is characterized in that the clamping roller acting on an air boundary layer on one side of the material web in the sense of destabilization and preferably elimination is based on a normal - Running speed of the material web is arranged at such a distance in front of the application unit or the transmission element that the Surface on one side of the material web up to the entry into an application area, in which the application medium is applied to the material web, the air boundary layer does not regress or at least does not stabilize.
- clamping roller and a roller of the guide and deflecting roller arrangement immediately following in the running direction of the support element define a free material web support element section
- the application unit or that Transfer element is arranged such that in the area of this free material web support element section or in the area of this immediately following roller of the guide and deflecting roller arrangement, the application is carried out on one surface of the material web.
- the diameter of the clamping roller is smaller than the diameter of the roller immediately following in the running direction of the support element, preferably smaller than half the diameter of this immediately following roller.
- a wrap angle of the support element and thus the material web between a position of the support element coming into contact with the roller immediately following in the running direction of the support element and a position of the application medium beginning to be applied to the material web in the range from 0 to 30 Degrees, preferably in the range of 0 to 15 degrees, most preferably about 2 to 3 degrees.
- the support element it can be electrostatically charged at least on its support side.
- electrostatic adhesion of the material web to the support element which in this connection is preferably designed as a band, can be achieved.
- this electrostatic adhesion inevitably arises in operation without the need for a targeted electrostatic charging of the material web or the support element.
- a relatively dry paper web with a moisture content of less than approximately 4% an electrostatic attraction between the correspondingly designed support element and the material web occurs automatically during operation.
- the support element can advantageously be designed as a plastic band, which can advantageously be fiber-reinforced in order to achieve high tensile strength and general stability.
- a plastic band which can advantageously be fiber-reinforced in order to achieve high tensile strength and general stability.
- the support element can advantageously be designed as a textile band or - preferably - as a band with a textile carrier and a plastic layer forming the support side.
- a polyurethane layer is considered.
- the support element is designed as an elastic band with a high modulus of elasticity based on tensile forces acting in the running direction or as an essentially tensile band based on tensile forces acting in the running direction.
- An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that at least one suction arrangement is provided, which is arranged in the running direction in front of the application unit or the transfer element and acts on the material web and / or the support element.
- the clamping roller is designed as a suction roller.
- the suction roller serving as a clamping roller, the above-mentioned entrained air boundary layer on the surface of the material web to be provided with the application medium is reliably removed.
- at least one suction arrangement can be provided in the area of the clamping roller or between the clamping roller and the application unit or the transfer element.
- the suction arrangement can be designed, for example, as a suction box.
- a suction arrangement possibly a suction box
- a suction arrangement arranged on the side of the support element opposite to the material web, an intimate engagement between the support element which is then to be made air-permeable at least in regions and the material web can be achieved or maintained.
- the material web can be sucked in against the support side of the support element, that is to say it can be pressed on by air pressure.
- the suction arrangement mentioned represents an alternative to electrostatically adhering the material web to the support element.
- the mentioned suction arrangement which acts through the air-permeable support element at least in some areas, has the advantage of being enclosed between the support element and the material web or between them extracting air at least to such an extent that a defined guidance and support of the material web is achieved by or by means of the support element.
- a suction arrangement (such as a suction box) arranged on the other side of the support element-material web arrangement, namely on the side of the material web opposite the support element, can replace or supplement the above-mentioned function of a clamping roller designed as a suction roller by suctioning off an air boundary layer carried along on the material web surface or counteracting the reconstruction or re-stabilization of such an air boundary layer.
- the support element be assigned at least one conditioning arrangement arranged upstream of the clamping roller.
- the above-mentioned electric charging device can be viewed as a conditioning arrangement in this sense and can be arranged in accordance with the further training proposal.
- a cleaning device for cleaning the support element as the conditioning device.
- it can be a washing device with a downstream drying device and / or a brush arrangement that brushes off dirt. Soiling cannot be avoided during operation, at least not on the support side of the support element.
- the material web can be permeable to the application medium at least in certain areas.
- one will usually want to provide the material web with application medium over its entire width.
- it is expedient to support the material web over its full width, for which a support element, in particular a support band, which extends beyond the width of the material web and projects on both sides of the material web, is particularly advantageous. It can then hardly be avoided with normal effort that application medium is not also applied to the support side of the support element.
- the metering and / or leveling device acts on the application medium applied to the surface of one side of the material web in a region of the material web that is preferably supported by the support element or by means of the support element.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the material web is applied directly to the application medium.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in a schematic representation.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the application of the application medium is carried out indirectly on the material web.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment variant of the example of FIG. 1 in a schematic illustration.
- Fig. ⁇ shows in the sub-figures 5a and 5b in schematic representations further advantageous possible embodiments relating to a device according to the invention.
- ⁇ shows a schematic representation of a possible structure of a support band that can be used in a device according to the invention.
- a device according to the invention is generally designated 10 in FIG. 1.
- the device 10 serves to apply a layer 12 of liquid or pasty application medium, in particular a coating color, to one side 14a of a material web 14, in particular made of paper or cardboard.
- the layer 12 of application medium is applied directly onto the material web 14 by means of an application unit 16.
- the application unit 16, which has a nozzle device 18, is followed by a metering and leveling unit 20, which is known in the art as a doctor unit and has, for example, a doctor blade 21.
- the material web 14 is supported by a counter roller 22, a circumferential support element 24 being arranged between the material web 14 and the counter roller 22.
- the support element 24, which may also be referred to as a transfer element, is preferably designed as a circulating, endless belt (support or transfer belt) which is guided or deflected over the counter roller 22 and further guide and deflection rollers 26, 28.
- at least one of the rollers can be adjustable, cf. Double arrow 27.
- the material web 14 is guided between the clamping roller 28 and the support element 24 and clamped between them in order to achieve a kind of squeezing action on air boundary layers carried along on the two material web surfaces and possibly a support side of the support belt 24. It is of particular importance to at least destabilize or preferably eliminate the air boundary layer on the side of the material web 14 to be carried with the application medium, with a view to improving the product result after the application medium has been applied to the material web 14 Identifiable clamping roller 28 is arranged in the running direction L of the material web 14 so that it is the immediately preceding roller in front of the counter roller 22.
- the distance of the clamping roller 28 from the impact position of the application medium on the material web surface is selected in relation to the running speed of the material web 14 such that the by means of the clamping roller 28 has not yet "squeezed” or “stripped” or at least destabilized air boundary layer on the surface to be coated when it has passed through the application medium jet or has not been re-stabilized.
- the wrap angle ⁇ corresponds to the angle between the tangents to the two points of impact mentioned above. For the reasons mentioned, the angle ⁇ should be greater than 0 degrees if this is structurally possible. An angle of around 30 degrees is ideal.
- a conditioning arrangement 32 for the support belt 24 can be provided on the support arrangement 30 formed by the rollers 22, 26, 28 and the support belt 24.
- a cleaning device 34 consisting of a washing device 36 and a drying device 38 is provided for cleaning the support belt 24.
- a brush arrangement possibly also an ultrasound device, can also be provided as the cleaning device 34.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIG. 1. Only the differences will be explained here and in the explanation of further exemplary embodiments. The same reference numerals are used for the same or analog parts.
- the arrangement shows a wrap angle ⁇ of approximately 0 degrees.
- the conditioning arrangement 32 can furthermore have electrical charging devices 42 for charging an electrostatically chargeable support element, in particular a support band 24.
- An example of such an electrically chargeable support element 24 is the support band shown in FIG. 6, which will be described in more detail.
- Similar systems can be used as the electrical charging device 42, for example, as are known from the printing industry as electrostatic printing aids.
- the material web 14 can also be charged with electrical charge by a charging device 43.
- the background of the loading device 42 and / or the loading device 43 is that an intimate support engagement between them and thus defined support conditions can be maintained by electrostatic attraction between the support belt 24 and the material web 14 and penetration of air after the "squeeze roller" 28 between the support belt 24 and material web 14 can be counteracted. It is quite possible that such an electrostatic sticking effect inevitably occurs even without special charging devices 42, 43, for example as a result of friction between the support band 24 and the material web 14 or / and between the support band 24 and associated guide components or / and between the Material web 14 and associated guide components. If the material web 14 is a paper web with a comparatively low moisture content (for example ⁇ 4%), the electrostatic charge that is inevitable during operation should generally be sufficient to achieve the advantageous electrostatic adhesive effect. To this extent, the loading devices 42 and 43 can then be dispensed with.
- the clamping or squeezing roller 28 is adjustable, as symbolized in FIG. 2 by a double arrow 27.
- the wrap angle ⁇ can be modified and the clamping pressure on the material web 14 between the support belt 24 and the clamping roller 28 can be modified, possibly including the adjustability of the upper deflection roller 26.
- Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the direct application according to FIGS.
- the application medium is applied indirectly via a transfer roller 44, as is known per se in the art.
- the transfer roller 44 is assigned a customary application unit 18 which applies the application medium to the roller surface.
- the support element 24 can also support the material web 14 according to the application medium region (in the present case after the transfer roller), for example when it enters and passes through a drying unit 46 arranged downstream of the transfer roller 44.
- the application of the application medium to the material web 14 by means of a nozzle arrangement 18 or the like does not have to take place with direct support by a counter roller 22, but can also be applied to a free web section between the clamping roller 28 and a subsequent deflection roller, in the present case a counter roller 22 to the coating unit 20.
- the clamping roller 28 can advantageously be used as Suction roll to be formed.
- Another possibility is to provide a suction box 48 on the side of the material web 14 on the web section between the clamping roller 28 and the application unit 16 (or the transfer roller 44).
- a suction box 48 can also be expediently arranged on the side of the support belt 24, possibly as an alternative or addition to the electrostatic adhesive effect explained above, by means of a support belt 24 and the material web 14 To keep the suction effect in close support engagement.
- FIG. 6 shows the schematic structure of a preferred embodiment of the support element 24.
- the support element 24 of FIG. 6 is designed as a band, namely as a plastic band, for example made of polyurethane.
- the tape can be beneficial be carried out at least in a partial layer 24a with a fiber reinforcement 52.
- the strip thickness b can be, for example, 5 to 15 mm.
- a wear layer a lying on the material web can have a thickness of 5 to 8 mm, for example.
- a device for applying liquid or pasty application medium to a running material web 14, in particular made of paper or cardboard, comprises at least one application unit 16, which delivers the application medium to a running substrate, a support arrangement 30 being provided which holds the material web in the area of application of the application medium is supported on the material web 14 and which has a guide and deflecting roller arrangement 22, 26, 28 and at least one elongated support element 24 which extends around several rollers of the guide and deflecting roller arrangement and which engages on the material web 14 with a support side, to support the material web 14 and / or to provide support by at least one of the guide and deflecting rollers 22, 26, 28.
- At least one clamping roller 28 acting on the material web 14 is provided, which is arranged such that the material web 14 is fed via the clamping roller 28 to the application unit 16 or the transfer element 44 and the material web 14 between the support element 24 and the clamping roller 28 is clamped.
Landscapes
- Advancing Webs (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10244957 | 2002-09-26 | ||
| DE2002144957 DE10244957A1 (de) | 2002-09-26 | 2002-09-26 | Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von flüssigem oder pastösem Auftragsmedium auf eine Materialbahn, insbesondere aus Papier oder Karton |
| PCT/EP2003/050643 WO2004031482A2 (fr) | 2002-09-26 | 2003-09-22 | Dispositif pour appliquer un agent d'enduction liquide ou pateux sur une ou sur les deux faces d'une bande de matiere, en particulier une bande de papier ou de carton |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1546459A2 true EP1546459A2 (fr) | 2005-06-29 |
Family
ID=31969621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03758099A Withdrawn EP1546459A2 (fr) | 2002-09-26 | 2003-09-22 | Dispositif pour appliquer un agent d'enduction liquide ou pateux sur une ou sur les deux faces d'une bande de matiere, en particulier une bande de papier ou de carton |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1546459A2 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2003274117A1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE10244957A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2004031482A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102430497B (zh) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳市浩能科技有限公司 | 集成式挤压涂布辊传动机构 |
| AT527984A1 (de) * | 2024-01-30 | 2025-08-15 | Mondi Ag | Staucheinrichtung sowie Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kraftpapier |
| AT527986A1 (de) * | 2024-01-30 | 2025-08-15 | Mondi Ag | Staucheinrichtung, Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kraftpapier |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1337429A (en) * | 1970-11-12 | 1973-11-14 | Voith Gmbh J M | Coating apparatus for applying a coating substance to a running web such as a paper web |
| US4961968A (en) | 1989-03-28 | 1990-10-09 | Beloit Corporation | Short dwell coater apparatus with backing blanket disposed between blade and guide roll |
| DE4014463A1 (de) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-11-14 | Jagenberg Ag | Vorrichtung zum beschichten einer materialbahn, insbesondere einer papier- oder kartonbahn |
| US5547509A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1996-08-20 | Champion International Corporation | Method and apparatus for continuous support of a paper web through a coating installation |
| FI99039C (fi) * | 1995-10-26 | 1997-09-25 | Valmet Corp | Menetelmä ja sovitelma paperiradan päällystämiseksi |
| CA2329749C (fr) * | 1998-04-24 | 2006-12-19 | Valmet Corporation | Procede de couchage d'une bande en mouvement et dispositif correspondant |
| DE19905317A1 (de) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-10 | Voith Sulzer Papiertech Patent | Vorrichtung zum Auftragen eines flüssigen oder pastösen Auftragsmediums auf einen laufenden Untergrund |
| DE20000178U1 (de) * | 2000-01-07 | 2000-05-04 | BHS Corrugated Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH, 92729 Weiherhammer | Leimauftrags-Vorrichtung für einseitig kaschierte Wellpappe |
| DE10012347A1 (de) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-20 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Vorhang- Auftragsvorrichtung |
| DE10033213A1 (de) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-17 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum ein- oder beidseitigen Auftragen |
-
2002
- 2002-09-26 DE DE2002144957 patent/DE10244957A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-26 DE DE20221956U patent/DE20221956U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-09-22 EP EP03758099A patent/EP1546459A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-22 AU AU2003274117A patent/AU2003274117A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-22 WO PCT/EP2003/050643 patent/WO2004031482A2/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004031482A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004031482A3 (fr) | 2004-07-29 |
| DE10244957A1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
| AU2003274117A1 (en) | 2004-04-23 |
| DE20221956U1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
| WO2004031482A2 (fr) | 2004-04-15 |
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