EP1577423A2 - Electrolyseur pour la production d'un gaz - Google Patents

Electrolyseur pour la production d'un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577423A2
EP1577423A2 EP05003729A EP05003729A EP1577423A2 EP 1577423 A2 EP1577423 A2 EP 1577423A2 EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 05003729 A EP05003729 A EP 05003729A EP 1577423 A2 EP1577423 A2 EP 1577423A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell according
electrodes
electrolyte liquid
cell
azide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05003729A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1577423A3 (fr
EP1577423B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Graf
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Weigand
Robert Glier
Renate Glier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by perma tec GmbH and Co KG filed Critical perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1577423A2 publication Critical patent/EP1577423A2/fr
Publication of EP1577423A3 publication Critical patent/EP1577423A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1577423B1 publication Critical patent/EP1577423B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/24—Details
    • A44B19/26—Sliders
    • A44B19/265—Sliders with means for preventing the accidental intrusion of material into the slider body, e.g. with shield or guard
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45B—WALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
    • A45B25/00—Details of umbrellas
    • A45B25/18—Covers; Means for fastening same

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cell for generating gas, in particular for the operation of a lubricant dispenser, with two electrodes for connection to a current source containing circuit and an aqueous electrolyte liquid containing an azide of the formula XN 3 and located between the two electrodes for the electrochemical generation of a gas containing nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • a lubricant dispenser To meter the amount of lubricant by means of a gas-generating cell, wherein the pressure generated by means of the gas a corresponding exit of Lubricant caused by the dispenser.
  • the generation of hydrogen or oxygen to the Electrodes of a galvanic cell known (DE 35 32 335 C2).
  • the cell can optionally with a zinc anode for the production of hydrogen or with a Manganese dioxide cathode for the production of oxygen itself sufficient provide great voltage to the over an external variable resistor To set between the electrodes flowing electrolysis. additionally can also be provided a battery, which better regulation of Amperage possible.
  • the invention is based on the object, a cell with the above indicate characteristics characterized by a good gas generation rate distinguished.
  • the object is achieved in that the electrolyte liquid a magnesium salt as an additive to the chemical bonding of the containing electrochemical reaction resulting hydroxide ions.
  • the Invention is based on the finding that the magnesium salt and The hydroxide hydroxide formed magnesium hydroxide only a very small Having solubility product and according to the reaction equilibrium in the electrolyte liquid is withdrawn.
  • magnesium is in his Compounds electrochemically indifferent and also the precipitated hydrous Hydroxide gel influences ion migration in the electrolyte fluid not noticeable. With the help of the teaching of the invention, it is possible to pH of the electrolyte liquid also with increasing nitrogen formation in to keep a narrow range constant.
  • the electrolyte liquid can have a pH between 8 and 10 exhibit. Preferably, the pH is 8 - 9.5. While the azide suitably made of sodium azide is used as the magnesium salt preferably magnesium sulfate or magnesium perchlorate used. Around a sufficient withdrawal of the resulting hydroxide ions from the To ensure electrolyte fluid is the magnesium salt in relation to Amide added stoichiometrically or in excess.
  • the electrolyte liquid may be added an antifreeze, which preferably consists of ethylene glycol and / or dimethyl sulfoxide. hereby is a proper operation of the gas cell even at low temperatures guaranteed.
  • an antifreeze which preferably consists of ethylene glycol and / or dimethyl sulfoxide. hereby is a proper operation of the gas cell even at low temperatures guaranteed.
  • the electrolyte liquid nickel sulfate as an additive contain.
  • the direct oxidation of azide not only possible on precious metal electrodes, but equally well on Electrodes of steel, preferably chromium-nickel steel or graphite. alternative The electrodes can also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder consist.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram which represents the evolution of gas from a pure sodium azide solution according to the prior art as a function of the content of free sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the caustic soda produced causes even at low concentrations a significant drop in the gas generation rate, so that as the gas production increases, the effectiveness of the cell decreases very rapidly.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the structure of a cell according to the invention for gas generation, which is particularly suitable for the operation of a lubricant dispenser.
  • the cell has two electrodes 1, 1 'for connection to a circuit 3 containing a current source 2.
  • the power source 2 may for example consist of a commercially available battery button cell.
  • a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing Between the two electrodes 1, 1 'there is a sodium azide (NaN 3 ) -containing, aqueous electrolyte liquid 4, which serves for the electrochemical generation of a nitrogen (N 2 ) -containing gas.
  • a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, for receiving the electrolyte liquid 4, a suitable receiving body 5 is provided, for.
  • the applied voltage causes the following reaction at the anode 1: 2N 3 - ⁇ 3 N 2 + 2 e -, while a corresponding reduction of hydrogen ions takes place at the cathode 1 ': 2 H + + 2e - ⁇ H 2
  • the electrolyte liquid 4 is added to a magnesium salt for chemical bonding of the hydroxide ions formed during the electrochemical reaction.
  • Magnesium hydroxide has a very low solubility product, so that the magnesium hydroxide formed from the magnesium salt and the hydroxide ions according to the equation Mg 2+ + 2 OH - ⁇ Mg (OH) 2 , which is formed on the cathode 1 ', from the electrolyte liquid 4 fails.
  • the electrolyte fluid according to the invention allows for the electrodes 1, 1 'conventional materials such.
  • steel preferably chromium-nickel steel, or graphite can be used.
  • the electrodes 1, 1 ' may also be made of plastic with embedded graphite powder.
  • the magnesium perchlorate binds the sodium hydroxide formed in the reaction by formation of sparingly soluble magnesium hydroxide. This falls as Precipitation and is thus removed from the reaction equilibrium.
  • magnesium perchlorate has the advantage that the electrolyte liquid remains fluid to below - 20 ° C, so that an addition of antifreeze is not required and the electrolyte liquid can be easily absorbed in a sponge.
  • a simple separation of gas and electrolyte fluid independent of the position is provided.
  • the disposal of a cell containing the electrolyte liquid can be carried out by combustion.
  • the magnesium perchlorate is readily soluble in the water so that the volume of electrolyte can be kept small. Even at temperatures of - 20 ° C, the liquid has sufficient conductivity.
  • Perchloric acid is also a stable compound that behaves inertly under the given conditions.
  • the formation of elemental nitrogen is carried out according to the following reaction equation: 2 Na N 3 + Mg (ClO 4 ) 2 + 2H 2 O ⁇ 3 N 2 + H 2 + Mg (OH) 2 + 2 Na ClO 4 .
  • the solution is slightly alkaline, hygroscopic, odorless, non-aggressive and undecomposed. Depending on the experimental conditions, 1 ml of this solution can supply 75 to 100 ml of gas (N 2 and H 2 ).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of adding nickel sulfate according to FIG Example b) on the total cell voltage as a function of the electrolysis current.
  • graphite electrodes 10 ⁇ 10 mm were used. From the Fig. 3 it can be seen that by the addition of nickel sulfate, the hydrogen overvoltage the cathode forming electrode can be reduced and at the same cell current compared to the solution a) a corresponding lower cell voltage sets.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the course of the cell voltage as a function of the current at + 20 ° C and - 20 ° C. It can be seen that the lowering the temperature at the same cell current requires a higher cell voltage.
  • the in Fig. 4 illustrated diagram has been for the electrolyte liquid according to the Example b) created, which even at -20 ° C still sufficiently large cell currents ensures that allow use of the cell according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP05003729A 2004-03-19 2005-02-22 Electrolyseur pour la production d'un gaz Expired - Lifetime EP1577423B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004013593 2004-03-19
DE102004013593 2004-03-19
DE102004032260A DE102004032260B4 (de) 2004-03-19 2004-07-03 Zelle zur Gaserzeugung
DE102004032260 2004-07-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1577423A2 true EP1577423A2 (fr) 2005-09-21
EP1577423A3 EP1577423A3 (fr) 2008-02-13
EP1577423B1 EP1577423B1 (fr) 2008-12-10

Family

ID=34839610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05003729A Expired - Lifetime EP1577423B1 (fr) 2004-03-19 2005-02-22 Electrolyseur pour la production d'un gaz

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20050205418A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1577423B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4210664B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20060043761A (fr)
AT (1) ATE417143T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005201076B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004032260B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2318373T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011004799A1 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007010518B4 (de) * 2007-03-05 2009-03-19 Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Abgabe von Schmiermitteln sowie Gaserzeugungselement zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102007037422A1 (de) * 2007-08-08 2009-02-19 Perma-Tec Gmbh & Co. Kg Schmierstoffspender

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1558241A (en) * 1977-05-18 1979-12-19 Chloride Silent Power Ltd Electrochemical cells employing an alkali metal and a solid electrolyte
US4250004A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-02-10 Olin Corporation Process for the preparation of low overvoltage electrodes
DE3423605A1 (de) * 1984-06-27 1986-01-09 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Verbundelektrode, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre anwendung
DE3532335A1 (de) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-12 Winsel August Galvanische zelle zur entwicklung von wasserstoff bzw. sauerstoff
EP0581795B1 (fr) * 1991-04-24 1998-08-26 ORLITZKY, Anton Generateur de gaz
US5423454A (en) * 1992-08-19 1995-06-13 Lippman, Deceased; Lawrence G. Method of propellant gas generation
US5427870A (en) * 1994-09-06 1995-06-27 Ceramatec, Inc. Gas releasing electrochemical cell for fluid dispensing applications
US6024860A (en) * 1997-08-15 2000-02-15 American Pacific Corporation System for electrochemical decomposition of sodium azide
CA2243219A1 (fr) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-14 A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings Ltd. Generation electrolytique de l'azote
US6296756B1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-10-02 H20 Technologies, Ltd. Hand portable water purification system
US6428608B1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-08-06 Honeywell International Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling air quality
US6835298B2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-12-28 A.T.S. Electro-Lube Holdings, Ltd. Electrolytic generation of nitrogen using azole derivatives
CA2476576A1 (fr) * 2002-02-22 2003-09-04 Aqua Innovations, Inc. Microbulles d'oxygene

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011004799A1 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter
DE102011004799B4 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-27 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Statusindikator für temperaturempfindliche Güter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2318373T3 (es) 2009-05-01
ATE417143T1 (de) 2008-12-15
US7563355B2 (en) 2009-07-21
EP1577423A3 (fr) 2008-02-13
DE102004032260B4 (de) 2006-04-27
AU2005201076A1 (en) 2005-10-06
JP4210664B2 (ja) 2009-01-21
JP2005264333A (ja) 2005-09-29
US20080226953A1 (en) 2008-09-18
EP1577423B1 (fr) 2008-12-10
KR20060043761A (ko) 2006-05-15
DE102004032260A1 (de) 2006-02-23
US20050205418A1 (en) 2005-09-22
AU2005201076B2 (en) 2009-09-17

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