EP1607712B1 - System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen - Google Patents

System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1607712B1
EP1607712B1 EP04014429A EP04014429A EP1607712B1 EP 1607712 B1 EP1607712 B1 EP 1607712B1 EP 04014429 A EP04014429 A EP 04014429A EP 04014429 A EP04014429 A EP 04014429A EP 1607712 B1 EP1607712 B1 EP 1607712B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive device
simulator
information
device simulator
simulation system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP04014429A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1607712A1 (de
Inventor
Björn Linderö
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Saab AB
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Saab AB
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Publication date
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Priority to EP04014429A priority Critical patent/EP1607712B1/de
Priority to AT04014429T priority patent/ATE374921T1/de
Priority to DE602004009296T priority patent/DE602004009296T2/de
Publication of EP1607712A1 publication Critical patent/EP1607712A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1607712B1 publication Critical patent/EP1607712B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/28—Land or marine mines; Depth charges

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an explosive device simulation system comprising at least one explosive device simulator that simulates the action of any of the following explosive devices: a land mine, a sea mine, a hand grenade, a nuclear, chemical or biological device.
  • the invention also relates to a method for laying at least one such explosive device simulator.
  • Mines are explosive devices that are designed to detonate when triggered magnetically, by pressure, by tripwire or by remote detonation for example. These devices are widely used in warfare to prevent unauthorised access to a given geographical area on land or sea by disabling any person or vehicle that comes into contact with them by exploding or by releasing projectiles, such as metal or glass fragments or parts of the casing of the mine itself at high speeds. Land mines are typically found on, or just below the surface of the ground. The ability to identify a mine in a timely manner and circumvent it is of paramount importance and this ability can be gained and improved by training and exercising using a mine simulation system.
  • WO 01/11307 which forms the basis for the preamble of the independent claims 1, 14 and 19, discloses a mine simulation system for training/exercising soldiers and civilians in the handling and use of anti-personnel/anti-tank mines and in realizing the danger that such mines represent.
  • the mine simulators disclosed therein are equipped with passive transponders. Each participant in the simulation exercise is equipped with a radio transmitter.
  • the mine simulator's transponder emits a signal to a participant when it receives a designated signal from that participant's transmitter indicating that he/she has entered the range of action of the mine that the simulator simulates.
  • a signal is also sent from the mine simulator's transponder to any other participants located within its range to inform them that in reality they would have been killed/injured by the mine that the simulator simulates.
  • a disadvantage with such a system is that the, or each person or vehicle taking part in the simulation exercise has to carry an active radio transmitter in order to be able to transmit a designated signal to trigger the mine's transponder. Furthermore it is difficult to simulate the effect of a detonated mine if there are several participants taking part in a training exercise who are positioned beyond the range of the mine simulator's transponder but within the range of action of the mine that the simulator simulates and who would, in a real situation, have been killed/injured on detonation of said mine. It is also difficult to simulate the effect of a mine simulator that is detonated by remote control since the remote control signal would only be detected by the mine simulator's transponder if it were sent from within the range of the mine simulator's transponder.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an explosive device simulation system that enables the realistic simulation of the effect of a real explosive device.
  • an explosive device simulation system having the features described in the appended claim 1 namely a system comprising at least one explosive device simulator having means to receive and store information concerning its position and means to communicate said information, said means to receive information are arranged to receive the information from a human or mechanical explosive device simulator layer.
  • the, or each explosive device simulator is arranged to be detonated in the same way as the explosive device it simulates, such as magnetically, by pressure, by tripwire or remote detonation and may be arranged to be detonated in any number of ways.
  • The, or each explosive device simulator communicates information concerning its position to all participants i.e. people, vehicles and/or objects within the range of action of the explosive device that the explosive device simulator simulates, when the simulator's detonator has been triggered. Such information may also be communicated to a monitoring unit, database or third party. By logging all of the events taking place during a simulation exercise an After Action Review of all of the participants' performance could be carried out to examine, analyze and judge their actions during the simulation exercise.
  • each explosive device simulator also comprises means to receive, store and communicate information concerning its identity i.e. mine type fro example, and/or the identity of the explosive device simulator layer.
  • Such an explosive device simulator can therefore be programmed to simulate any type of explosive device.
  • the means to receive and communicate said information comprises a radio transmitter/receiver.
  • the range of the radio transmitter/receiver corresponds to the range of action of the explosive device that the simulator simulates.
  • the means to receive and communicate said information can however be constituted of any sort wireless connection.
  • each explosive device simulator is arranged to communicate said information to any, or all of the people and/or vehicles taking part in a simulation exercise and optionally to a central database or third party.
  • the explosive device simulation system comprises a global positioning system (GPS) or differential global positioning system (DGPS) transmitter/receiver that provides position information to the, or each explosive device simulator.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • DGPS differential global positioning system
  • the GPS or DGPS transmitter/receiver is arranged to be carried by a human or mechanical explosive device simulator layer.
  • the layer can be a human being or a mechanical layer such as an explosive device burier or a scatterer constituted by the carrier shell of a rocket or a scatterer comprising launcher tubes mounted onto a vehicle.
  • each explosive device simulator comprises a power supply that is arranged to switch to an energy-saving inactive state once said information has been received and stored.
  • said power supply is arranged to power the information communicating means of an explosive device simulator on detonation of that explosive device simulator.
  • the explosive device simulation system comprises calculation means to provide an assessment of injury/damage caused by the detonation of an explosive device simulator.
  • the destructive power of a mine depends on the type of mine and on the distance of the objects from the detonated mine.
  • the calculation means contain range of action data for a certain type or for each type of explosive device versus distance of people/vehicles/objects from an explosive device simulator that has been detonated in order to be able to evaluate the degree of injury/damage that would have been caused by the detonation of such an explosive device in a real situation.
  • Said means to provide an injury/damage assessment may be arranged to be carried by any, or all of the people, vehicles and/or objects taking part in a simulation exercise.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for laying at least one explosive device simulator.
  • the method comprises the step of providing the, or each explosive device simulator with information concerning its position, said position information being transmited to the explosive device simulator by a human or a mechanical explosive device simulator layer.
  • the method also comprises the step of providing the, or each explosive device simulator with information concerning its identity and/or the identity of the explosive device simulator layer.
  • the method comprises the step of using a global positioning system (GPS) or differential global positioning system (DGPS) transmitter/receiver to provide position information to the, or each explosive device simulator .
  • GPS global positioning system
  • DGPS differential global positioning system
  • the method comprises the step of activating the power system of the, or each explosive device simulator prior to providing the, or each explosive device simulator with said information.
  • the method comprises the step of de-activating the power system of the, or each explosive device simulator after providing the, or each explosive device simulator with said information.
  • the explosive device simulation system of the present invention a computer program containing computer program code means for making a computer or processor assess the injury/damage caused by the detonation of an explosive device simulator of an explosive device simulation system according to any of the embodiments of the invention and such a computer program stored by means of a computer-readable medium.
  • the system and method according to the invention are intended for simulating the action of any of the following explosive devices: a land mine, a sea mine, a hand grenade, a nuclear, chemical or biological device.
  • the method of the present invention may make use of a computer program containing computer program code means for making a computer or processor execute at least one of the steps of the inventive method and such a computer program stored by means of a computer-readable medium.
  • Figure 1 shows a land mine simulator 1 that is buried just below the surface of the ground 2.
  • a land mine simulator 1 can however be positioned in any location on or above the ground 2.
  • the land mine simulator 1 is triggered by means of an ignitor 3, i.e. a metal rod that protrudes from the ground 2 and which triggers the mine's detonator when depressed by a person or a vehicle.
  • the detonation means could also be a trip wire or a pressure plate for example.
  • the land mine simulator 1 comprises a radio transmitter/receiver 4, a memory unit 5 and a battery 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a person 7 that has just buried a land mine simulator 1.
  • the mine-layer 7 carries a harness containing a radio transmitter/receiver 4 and a GPS transmitter/receiver 8. Once the land mine simulator 1 has been buried the mine-layer 7 activates the land mine simulator 1 using a manual start button 9 at the top of the land mine simulator for example.
  • the radio transmitter/receiver 4 and the memory unit 5 are then powered and the land mine simulator 1 asks for information concerning its position.
  • the land mine simulator 1 asks for information concerning its identity, i.e. the type of anti-personnel or anti-tank land mine that it simulates, and/or the identity of the mine layer if this information has not already been stored in its memory unit 5.
  • the mine-layer's 7 radio transmitter/receiver 4 transmits said information to the land mine simulator 1 including position data provided by the layer's GPS transmitter/receiver 8.
  • the information is stored in the land mine simulator's memory unit 5 and the simulator is then switched to an inactive battery-saving state awaiting detonation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a tank 10 approaching a land mine simulator 1.
  • the tank 10 like every other person or vehicle taking part in the simulation exercise is equipped with a radio transmitter/receiver 4 and a GPS transmitter/receiver 8.
  • the land mine simulator 1 When the tank 4 drives over the ignitor 3 the land mine simulator 1 is activated i.e. its memory unit 5 and radio transmitter/receiver 4 receive power from the battery 6.
  • the land mine simulator 1 sends information concerning its position and type to a calculation unit contained in the tank 10 so that said calculation unit can evaluate the degree of damage to the tank 10 caused by the explosion of the land mine that the simulator simulates.
  • the tank's 10 mobility and/or weaponry could be partly or totally disabled.
  • the tank's calculation means contain range of action data for the type of mine that the simulator is simulating versus distance of targets from said mine in order to provide an accurate injury/damage assessment.
  • the position- and type-signal from the land mine simulator 1 is also transmitted to any other vehicle and person within the range of the radio transmitter/receiver 4 of the land mine simulator, which corresponds to the range of action of the land mine that the simulator is simulating, about 10-20m for example. It should be noted that the range of action can be of any form, such as a figure of eight or "hourglass" form. If there is another person or vehicle with said range, their radio transmitter/receiver 4 receives the signal that the land mine has been detonated. Their position, provided by the GPS transmitter/receiver 8 they are carrying is then transmitted to the calculation unit incorporated in their equipment so that each person or vehicle can obtain an injury/damage assessment.
  • Such an assessment may for example be a "dead” signal meaning that the person is “dead” for the remainder of the exercise and that his/her weapons are therefore disabled.
  • a land mine simulator is detonated subsequent people or vehicles may pass that land mine simulator without being destroyed or disabled.
  • Any non-moving structure such as a building, located near or in the simulated minefield and especially in the vicinity of the land mine simulators may also be provided with a radio transmitter/receiver, calculation unit and GPS transmitter/receiver so that damage resulting from an explosion that causes a shock wave to propagate in soil and air and to then interact with the structure, or damage resulting from fragments released from the mine can be assessed.
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart detailing the steps involved in laying a land mine simulator using a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart describing the sequence of events taking place once a land mine simulator according to an embodiment of the invention has been detonated i.e. immediately after a person or vehicle has triggered the land mine simulator's detonator or a certain time after the triggering, whichever would be the case with a land mine of that type in a real situation.
  • the land mine simulator's powers supply is activated initiating its memory unit and radio transmitter/receiver.
  • the land mine simulator then sends out a signal informing all people, vehicles or objects in its range of action of its position and identity so that injury/damage assessments can be provided by the calculation units carried by all participants in the simulation exercise. Information may also be sent to an exercise monitoring system, database or third party to monitor and log the proceedings.
  • the land mine simulator may be equipped with visual and/or audio means 11 such as a flashlight, smoke grenade and/or audible alarm which go off when the land mine simulator has been detonated in order to provide mock explosions and consequently a more realistic detonation effect when a target has been hit.
  • visual and/or audio means 11 such as a flashlight, smoke grenade and/or audible alarm which go off when the land mine simulator has been detonated in order to provide mock explosions and consequently a more realistic detonation effect when a target has been hit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung umfassend zumindest einen Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung, wobei der genannte Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung Mittel zum Empfangen (4) und Speichern (5) von Informationen bezüglich seiner Position und Mittel zum Übermitteln (4) der genannten Informationen umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Mittel zum Empfangen (4) von Informationen so eingerichtet sind, dass sie die Informationen von einem Menschen oder einer mechanischen Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung empfangen.
  2. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung ebenso Mittel zum Empfangen (4) von Informationen von dem Menschen oder der mechanischen Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung bezüglich seiner Identität und/oder der Identität der Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung und Mittel zum Speichern (5) und Übermitteln (4) der genannten Identitätsinformationen umfasst.
  3. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung eingerichtet ist, die genannten Informationen zu übermitteln, wenn er "detoniert" ist.
  4. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel zum Empfangen und Übermitteln der genannten Informationen einen Funksender/empfänger (4) umfasst.
  5. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reichweite des Funksenders/-empfängers (4) dem Wirkungsbereich der explosiven Einrichtung entspricht, die der Simulator (1) simuliert.
  6. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung eingerichtet ist, die genannten Informationen zu irgendeiner/irgendeinem oder sämtlichen der Personen und/oder Fahrzeuge (10), die an der Simulationsübung teilnehmen, und optional zu einer zentralen Datenbank oder einer dritten Partei zu übermitteln.
  7. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Global Positioning System (GPS) - oder Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) - Sender/Empfänger (8) umfasst, der von dem Menschen oder der mechanischen Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung getragen wird, und der dem oder jedem Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung Positionsinformation zur Verfügung stellt.
  8. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung eine Energieversorgung (6) umfasst, die eingerichtet ist, auf einen inaktiven Energiesparzustand zu schalten, sobald die genannten Informationen empfangen und gespeichert worden sind.
  9. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte Energieversorgung (6) eingerichtet ist, die Informationenübermittlungsmittel (4) eines Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung bei Detonation dieses Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung mit Energie zu versorgen.
  10. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung eingerichtet ist, auf die selbe Weise zu detonieren wie die explosive Einrichtung, die er simuliert, wie eine magnetische, durch Druck (3), Stolperdraht - oder Femsteuerungs - Detonation.
  11. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Rechenmittel (5) umfasst, um eine Bewertung der Verletzung / des Schadens zur Verfügung zu stellen, die/der durch die Detonation eines Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung verursacht wird.
  12. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rechenmittel (5) Wirkungsbereichsdaten für eine bestimmte Art oder jede Art von einer explosiven Einrichtung enthalten, die von dem zumindest einen Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung simuliert wird, im Vergleich zu dem Abstand von Personen / Fahrzeugen / nicht-beweglichen Strukturen zu einer solchen explosiven Einrichtung, um den Grad der Verletzung / des Schadens zu bewerten, die/der durch die Detonation der explosiven Einrichtung, die der Simulator simuliert, in einer realen Situation verursacht worden wäre.
  13. System zur Simulation einer explosiven Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Bewerten einer Verletzungs -/ Schadensauswertung geeignet sind, von irgendeiner/irgendeinem oder sämtlichen der Personen, Fahrzeuge (10) und/oder Objekte, die an der Simulationsübung teilnehmen, getragen zu werden.
  14. Verfahren um Legen zumindest eines Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung, den Schritt des Lieferns von Informationen bezüglich seiner Position an den oder jeden Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung umfassend, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Mensch oder eine mechanische Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung die Positionsinformationen an den Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung liefert.
  15. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mensch oder die mechanische Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung Informationen bezüglich der Identität des Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung und/oder der Identität der Simulatorlegung (7) für eine explosive Einrichtung an den Simulator einer explosiven Einrichtung liefert.
  16. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es den Schritt des Verwendens eines Global Positioning System (GPS) - oder Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) - Senders/Empfängers umfasst, um Positionsinformationen an den Menschen oder die mechanische Simulatorlegung für eine explosive Einrichtung zu liefern
  17. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 - 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es den Schritt des Aktivierens des Energieversorgungssystems (6) des oder jedes Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung vor dem Liefern der genannten Informationen an den oder jeden Simulator (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung umfasst.
  18. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 - 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es den Schritt des Deaktivierens des Energieversorgungssystems (6) des oder jedes Simulators (1) einer explosiven Einrichtung nach dem Liefern der genannten Informationen an diesen umfasst.
  19. Verwendung eines Systems gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 - 13 oder eines Verfahrens gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 - 18 zum Simulieren der Wirkung einer der folgenden explosiven Einrichtungen: eine Landmine, eine Seemine, eine Handgranate, eine nukleare, chemische oder biologische Einrichtung
EP04014429A 2004-06-19 2004-06-19 System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen Expired - Lifetime EP1607712B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04014429A EP1607712B1 (de) 2004-06-19 2004-06-19 System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen
AT04014429T ATE374921T1 (de) 2004-06-19 2004-06-19 System und verfahren zur simulation von explosiven vorrichtungen
DE602004009296T DE602004009296T2 (de) 2004-06-19 2004-06-19 System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04014429A EP1607712B1 (de) 2004-06-19 2004-06-19 System und Verfahren zur Simulation von explosiven Vorrichtungen

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EP1607712A1 EP1607712A1 (de) 2005-12-21
EP1607712B1 true EP1607712B1 (de) 2007-10-03

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AT (1) ATE374921T1 (de)
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021022322A1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Layer 3 Services Pty Ltd Systems and methods for simulating blast effects of an explosive

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KR100695759B1 (ko) * 2006-02-07 2007-03-16 이길섭 알에프아이디 와 알에프 모듈을 이용한 모의지뢰 시스템 및그 제어 방법
US20130115575A1 (en) * 2011-11-06 2013-05-09 Wong Yuk KEUNG Toy Landmine
CN109238039A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-18 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 一种绊发式地雷模拟设备及模拟方法
CN116312101A (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-06-23 西安航天动力研究所 一种爆炸物模拟终端

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DE4135225C2 (de) * 1991-10-25 2000-04-06 Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C Verfahren zum Simulieren der Wirkung von Minen auf verschiedene Minenziele sowie Simulationsmine für die Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021022322A1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Layer 3 Services Pty Ltd Systems and methods for simulating blast effects of an explosive
GB2601932A (en) * 2019-08-06 2022-06-15 Layer 3 Services Pty Ltd Systems and methods for simulating blast effects of an explosive

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Publication number Publication date
EP1607712A1 (de) 2005-12-21
DE602004009296D1 (de) 2007-11-15
DE602004009296T2 (de) 2008-02-07
ATE374921T1 (de) 2007-10-15

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