Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/009—Heaters using conductive material in contact with opposing surfaces of the resistive element or resistive layer
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for electrically isolating an arrangement with at least one electrical functional element, such as a PTC heating element or a thermoelectric functional element, which is arranged on an electrically conductive fastening part or in an electrically conductive housing and with at least one electrical connection insulated from the fastening part. conclusion is provided. Farther.
• the invention relates to a temperature control device with an arrangement with a thermoelectric functional element and electrical connection and contact means contacting it, and a device with such a temperature control device and a fastening part for arranging the temperature control device in operative connection with an object to be temperature controlled. Finally, the invention is directed to uses of such a device.
• there have been increased efforts in the automotive sector to increase the driving comfort of a user by specifically influencing the climatic conditions in the vehicle interior, for example by providing air conditioning systems, seat heaters, additional heaters for heating the interior even at low ambient temperatures, etc.
• the steering wheel is extrusion-coated with a suitable material (plastic) that has at least a certain electrical conductivity, as a result of which, for example, electrostatic charges can be avoided. Above all, however, the material has good thermal conductivity in order to distribute heat evenly over the steering wheel surface.
• a temperature sensor and a control element is required because the heating foil (the heating fabric) is not self-regulating. These elements must be attached to the steering wheel and thus interfere with the haptics;
• Plastics containing graphite or metal powder are regularly used as the heat-conducting coating, which should also have pleasant tactile properties for the user, with which the steering wheel and the heating elements mentioned, together with their electrical connections, are molded in one piece.
• the good heat-conducting cladding material generally also has a relatively good electrical conductivity, so that when the electrical heating elements and their connections are changed, they form conductive connections between components located at different potentials (short conclusion), which jeopardizes the usability of such devices.
• the invention is based on the object of further developing a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that reliable electrical insulation of the electrical functional element is possible. Furthermore, the object of the invention includes specifying a temperature control device and a device which has such a temperature control device which avoids the disadvantages of previously known devices listed above.
• the object is achieved in that the functional element together with the at least one connection is surrounded with an electrically insulating material, with the exception of at least one contact surface with the fastening part, in such a way that the electrically insulating material surrounds the contact surface on all sides comes to rest on the fastening part or in the housing.
• the object is also achieved by a method in which the functional element together with the at least one connection is surrounded with an electrically insulating material so as to cut out at least one contact surface with the fastening part such that the electrically insulating material on all sides around the contact surface on the fastening part or comes into contact with the housing.
• the contacting of the functional element to the fastening part or housing can take place directly or indirectly: accordingly, in an alternative embodiment it can be provided that the contact surface is part of the surface of the functional element or that the contact surface is arranged on the side of a part of the arrangement that forms the part facing away from the functional element ,
• the functional element is arranged in a hollow receiving space of the fastening element or of the housing or is preferably formed in a housing formed with the fastening part.
• a preferred development of the method according to the invention provides that the contact surface of the electrically insulating material extends over its entire circumference before the functional element is installed, in particular on the fastening part or the housing is exceeded, wherein the contact surface of the electrically insulating material is preferably also protruded in the direction of a surface normal thereof.
• a contact element connected to the electrical connection for the functional element for forming the sealing lip is extrusion-coated with the electrically insulating material, the electrical connection of the functional element also possibly being made in one piece, ie in particular in one operation together with the contact element.
• ment for the functional element can be encapsulated with the electrically insulating material.
• an extremely preferred development of the method according to the invention provides that the functional element is inserted into the arrangement of contact element and / or the at least one connection and the sprayed insulating material - is brought.
• the functional element is subsequently introduced together with the surrounding insulating material and, if appropriate, the contact element into a receiving space in the fastening part or the housing, after which preferably the functional element is pressed together with the surrounding insulating material and, if appropriate, the contact element and the Fastening part or the housing takes place with each other, wherein the material projecting beyond the contact surface can be at least partially elastically deformed, so that the contact surface comes into contact with the fastening part or the housing.
• a temperature control device with an arrangement with a thermal functional element and electrical connection and contact means contacting it, in which the thermal functional element and the connection and contact means are surrounded by an electrically insulating material with the exception of one contact surface of the arrangement that surrounds the contact surface in a plane parallel to this as at least one sealing lip over the entire circumference of the contact surface.
• the contact surface is part of the surface of the functional element, in particular the sealing lip on the radio tion element covers contact plate sealingly. Provision can also be made for the contact surface to be arranged on the side of a contact plate which forms part of the arrangement and which faces away from the functional element.
• the electrically insulating material projects over the entire circumference of the contact surface, the sealing lip preferably projecting substantially beyond the contact surface in the direction of a surface normal thereof , In this way, an efficient sealing effect of the sealing lip can be achieved, in particular with regularly given flat contact surfaces.
• the material projecting beyond the contact surface is preferably at least partially elastically deformable.
• a plurality of sealing lips are arranged parallel to one another in order to reinforce the sealing effect according to the invention.
• the thermal functional element and the connection and contact means are surrounded in one piece by the electrically insulating material.
• At least the sealing lip is preferably formed in a plastic to achieve an electrical insulation effect, which can in particular be a liquid crystal polymer (LCP).
• LCP liquid crystal polymer
• PPS polyphenylene sulfide
• the invention provides a device with a temperature control device according to the invention and a fastening part or a housing for arranging the temperature control device in
• a preferred embodiment provides that the functional element is arranged in a receiving space of a fastening part or the housing.
• a device of this type can furthermore be characterized in that the fastening part or the housing is formed from a material which is a good heat conductor, such as aluminum, copper or its alloys, so that the heating or cooling effect of the thermal functional element is efficiently carried out the fastening part or the housing can act on the object to be tempered.
• the device according to the invention preferably has a receiving space for the temperature control device in the fastening part or the housing.
• the receiving space is preferably designed in the manner of a cavity in such a way that the temperature control device, after being accommodated in the fastening part or the housing, with the exception of a receiving opening, is essentially surrounded on all sides by the fastening part or the housing.
• the fastening part or the housing is designed as an extruded profile, so that consequently, in addition to the receiving opening, a further opening of the receiving space remains.
• these can be connected to one another, in particular pressed.
• the fastening part or the housing is preferably designed as a clip and, according to an extremely preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, has first and second
• the legs for at least partially enclosing an object to be connected to the device.
• this object is a possibly fluid-filled tube
• the legs can be designed essentially in the form of a part circle and, if appropriate, taper towards their free ends. In this way it is possible to arrange the fastening part or the housing in the clamp fit on an object to be connected to the device.
• alternative configurations of the device according to the invention provide that either the fastening part or the housing can be fixed to the object by pressing the legs onto it, parts of the object, for example, also being able to grip around the legs so that the fastening part or the housing can be fixed to the object by holding means provided on the object, or that the legs have a holding means for a clamping means for fixing the fastening part or the housing to an object to be connected to the device at their respective free end.
• the holding means can in particular be a thickening for holding a spring serving as a tensioning means.
• connection to a reference potential (grounding) necessary for safety reasons is preferably carried out in a device according to the invention in such a way that the fastening part or the housing has a connection means for a further electrical connection means for connecting to a reference potential.
• a device according to the invention is particularly suitable for heating a fluid conducted in a pipeline or for heating a fluid conducted in a pipeline to be provided with an at least electrically conductive coating at an increased pressure compared to an ambient pressure, for example for steering wheel heating in motor vehicles.
• Fig. La a steering wheel of a motor vehicle as an example of an object to be tempered by a device according to the invention
• Fig. Lb shows a section through a steering wheel of a motor vehicle along the line BB of Fig. La with a Device for steering wheel pickling according to the invention
• FIG. 1c shows a detailed view of a section according to FIG. 1b through a further embodiment of a device according to the invention
• 1d shows a section through an arrangement according to the invention of electrically insulating material, functional element and contact element prior to assembly;
• Fig. Le shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention according to Fig. Lb;
• FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a temperature control device according to the invention for a device according to FIG. 1b in a state before assembly;
• FIG. 3a shows the temperature control device of FIG. 2 before being received in a fastening part or a housing according to the invention
• FIG. 4a-c perspective views of a receiving part for the PTC element before (Fig. 4a, 4b) and after (Fig. 4c) the same;
• FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the housing or housing-like attachment of a fastening part, an additional contact plate and the receiving part with an inserted PTC element; and Fig. 6 shows a section through the contact arrangement with receiving part, lower and upper contact plate and PTC element before pressing.
• FIG. 1 a shows schematically an example of a steering wheel 1 of a motor vehicle with a rim 1.1 and a number of spokes 1.2.
• a circumferential tube 2 is integrated in the ring 1.1, which may contain a suitable fluid, such as water or refrigerant, for the purposes of heating the steering wheel.
• a tube 2 can also be integrated into the spokes 1.2 of the steering wheel 1, but this is not shown in FIG. 1.
• a device 3 according to the invention with a fastening part 3.1 or a housing 3.1d and a temperature control device in the form of a PTC heating device 3.2 is arranged on the tube 2.
• the PTC heating device 3.2 is accommodated in the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d, more precisely a hollow receiving part 3. le of a housing 3. ld formed with the fastening part; Tube 2, fastening part 3.1 or housing 3.1d and PTC heating device 3.2 are covered with a material 1.1 '.
• the material 1.1 has good heat-conducting properties, for example it is an elastic plastic with graphite or metal powder additive, which quickly dissipates the heat generated at the PTC heating device 3.2 to the outside of the steering wheel. Due to the properties mentioned above, the material 1.1 also has a non-negligible electrical conductivity.
• the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d is also preferably made according to the invention in a material which is a good heat conductor, such as a metal. It is preferably an extruded profile made of aluminum.
• the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d is designed in the form of a clip according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1b and has two legs 3.1a, 3.1b which are curved in the shape of a part circle. By means of the legs 3.1a, 3.1b, the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3. ld is held in a clamp fit on the tube 2.
• the legs 3.1a, 3.1b each have a thickening 3.1c at their free end; furthermore, the legs 3.1a, 3.1b taper in cross-section towards their free end, as a result of which a uniform heat transfer and contact pressure between the fastening part 3.1 or housing 3.
• a more than semicircular configuration of the legs 3.1a, 3.1b cf. the horizontal, dash-dotted line in FIG. 1b
• an elastic, resilient contact of the fastening part 3.1 or of the housing 3.1d on the tube 2 so that the fastening part or the housing can be "clipped" to the tube 2 in a simple manner in terms of production technology.
• a spring clip (not shown) can be clamped between the thickening 3.1c of the leg ends which act as a holding means, in order to increase the contact pressure of the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d on the pipe 2 ,
• the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3. ld has a structure which is essentially rectangular in cross section, in which a receiving space 3. le which is also rectangular in cross section (see FIG 3a) is formed for receiving the temperature control device 3.2. Furthermore, the structure 3. ld also has a lateral, channel-like extension 3.1f (cf. FIGS. 3a, b), which in the exemplary embodiment shown serves as an electrical connection means for a Ground cable 4, that is used to connect the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d with a reference potential (ground potential).
• the temperature control device 3.2 of the device 3 initially has a PTC element 3.2a as an electrical functional element and a contact plate 3.2b contacting it, which is at a potential different from ground, as a contact element or contact means.
• Qas PTC element 3.2a makes contact, in the assembled, specifically: pressed state, of the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d and the temperature control device 3.2 with the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d on its side facing the tube 2 via an upper contact surface 3.2c.
• a cross-sectionally U-shaped frame 3.2d made of an electrically insulating material, such as plastic, preferably a liquid crystal polymer (LCP), PPS or polyamide , intended.
• the insulating frame 3.2d insulates in particular the contact plate 3.2b from the fastening part 3.1 or housing 3.1d which is at ground potential.
• FIG. 1b shows the device 3 according to the invention in its assembled state, ie after the temperature control device 3.2 has been inserted into the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d and has been connected to it at least in a non-positive manner, for example by pressing.
• a non-positive manner for example by pressing.
• the special embodiment of the insulating frame 3.2d according to the invention is used, which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3a and also in a state before the device 3 according to the invention is assembled.
• Figures lc-e show (detailed) views of further embodiments of a device according to the invention in a representation according to FIG. Ib.
• FIG. 1c shows an arrangement according to the invention with a PTC element 3.2a, which is arranged on an overmolded contact plate 3.2b within an insulating frame 3.2d.
• the arrangement described above is introduced into the receiving space 3.1e of the fastening part 3.1 or of the housing 3.1d (cf. FIG. 1b).
• the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d has a shoulder 3.1h in its area which comes into contact with the contact surface 3.2c of the PTC element 3.2a and the insulating frame 3.2d, so that a clear height of the receiving space 3.1e is reduced below paragraph 3.1h compared to a height in the rest of the receiving space 3.1e.
• the insulating frame 3.2d has a dimension corresponding to the height of the receiving space 3. le in the area below the shoulder 3. lh, so that the electrically insulating material of the insulating frame 3.2d on all sides around the contact surface 3.2c in a plane E parallel to the plane ne of the contact surface 3.2c on the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3. ld comes to rest.
• FIG. 1d shows a cross section through the arrangement of insulating frame 3.2d, contact plate 3.2b and PTC element 3.2a described above, in which the insulating frame 3.2d has on its upper side two sealing lips 3.2d 'running parallel to one another as is provided according to an extremely preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d is fixed by holding means 2.1, 2.2 provided on the tube 2, especially in the form of wing-like approaches in section.
• the holding means 2.1, 2.2 of the tube 2 overlap the free ends 3.1a ', 3.1b' of the legs 3.1a, 3.1b of the fastening part 3.1 or of the housing 3. ld and hold them positively and non-positively against the outer wall of the tube 2, so that a secure connection to the fastening part 3.1 or to the housing 3. ld and pipe 2 can be reached.
• FIG. 2 shows in detail the structure of the temperature control device 3.2 of FIG. 1b in the unmounted state: in the upper part of FIG. 2, the PTC element 3.2a is first shown in a flat, cuboid configuration.
• the PTC element 3.2a initially has an upper contact surface 3.2c for emitting thermal energy and a lower surface 3.2e (not recognizable) for an electrical connection at an electrical potential that is different from ground.
• the contact surface 3.2c of the PTC element 3.2a is used to operate the PTC element 3.2a via the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d (see FIG. lb) connected to ground so that an operating voltage is present across the PTC element 3.2a.
• the contact plate 3.2b without an insulating frame 3.2d is shown, which in the assembled state of the temperature control device 3.2 rests on the underside 3.2e of the PTC element 3.2a.
• the contact plate 3.2b is connected via a cable 5 as a potential-carrying lead, which forms an electrical connection for the functional element 3.2a, to a potential different from ground; 2, the contact plate 3.2b furthermore has a connection means 3.2f, with which it forms connection and contact means composed according to the invention, and a strain relief 3.2g for crimping the cable 5 on.
• a two-part (connection means 3.2f and strain relief 3.2g) wire end sleeve is integrally formed on the contact plate 3.2b, by means of which - advantageously in one work step - a stripped part 5.1 of the cable 5 on the contact plate 3.2b is electrically conductive crimped (clamped) and an insulated part 5.2 of the cable 5 is also crimped to the contact plate 3.2b.
• the contact plate 3.2b is shown in the insulating frame 3.2d already known from FIG. 1b.
• this is formed by integrally encapsulating the connection and contact means 3.2b, 3.2f according to the invention in the form of the contact plate 3.2b together with their connection means 3.2f and the strain relief 3.2g with an electrically insulating material and in particular insulates the contact plate 3.2b against the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d.
• the insulating frame 3.2d has a kind of "drawer shape" for positioning the subsequently inserted PTC element 3.2a with floor 3.2h and side walls 3.2i-3.2i ''', with the side wall 3.2i lying with the connection means 3.2f in the manner of a panel in width and height over the remaining side walls 3.2i' -3.2i ''' protrudes.
• the insulating frame 3.2d in the exemplary embodiment shown has a sleeve-shaped extension 3.2j, which according to the invention surrounds the contact means 3.2f and the strain relief 3.2g for the cable 5.
• a height H of the side walls 3.2i '-3.2i''' is greater than a corresponding dimension h of the PTC element 3.2a, so that they protrude beyond the PTC element in the manner of a circumferential sealing lip 3.2d '.
• several, preferably two, sealing lips running parallel to one another are also possible.
• FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d and the assembled temperature control device 3.2 before inserting the latter into a receiving space 3.1e in the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d, which has a clear height H ' having.
• the side walls 3.2i-3.2i '''- as already mentioned - project beyond the contact surface 3.2c of the PTC element 3.2a arranged in the insulating frame 3.2d over their entire circumference in accordance with Art a sealing lip in the direction of a surface normal N of the contact surface 3.2c.
• the sealing lip 3.2d 'of the insulating frame 3.2d is preferably elastically deformed until the contact surface 3.2c on the fastening part 3.1 or on the housing 3.1d (and the inside of the base 3.1g on the base 3.2h (FIG. 2) of the Insulating frame 3.2d).
• a more extensive protective function results from the front side wall 3.2i of the insulating frame 3.2d projecting like a panel on all sides beyond the opening of the receiving space 3.1e, which additionally prevents material from penetrating into the receiving space 3.1e of the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d is, in particular if the receiving space is designed to be closed on all sides apart from the opening mentioned.
• the ground cable 4 is fixed on the fastening part 3.1 or on the housing 3. According to FIG. 3b, partial bending (rolling in) of a part 3.1f 'defined by a slot 3.1f' of the extension 3.1f of the fastening part 3.1 or the housing 3.1d. Alternatively, the The ground cable 4 is also fastened in a central region of the extension 3.1f, this correspondingly having two slots 3.1f.
• FIGS. 4b and 4c show a perspective view in rear view from the rear wall 3.2i ′′ of a frame or receiving part 3.2d, on the bottom of which a contact and connection plate 3.2b rests, which has a tab 3.2b ′ through which a shoulder 3.2k comparable in the sleeve 3.2j is guided to the outside (FIGS. 4b, 4c).
• the receiving part 3.2d is shown in FIGS. 4b and 4c in a perspective front view as seen from the front wall 3.2i or an extension 3.2k starting from this. 4b likewise shows the receiving part 3.2d with only the inserted contact plate 3.2b, while in the representation of FIG.
• FIG. 6 shows a cross section through the configuration of FIG. 4c.
• the connecting plate 3.2b with its tab 3.2b ' can be extrusion-coated around the receiving part 3.2d or, if there is an opening 3.k' in the attachment 3.2k, it can subsequently be inserted from the top of the rear wall 3.2i 'in such a way that the tab 3.2b 'is pushed through the opening 3.k'.
• the side walls 3.2i-3.2i ''' have a circumferential lip 3.1 on their upper edge, which is tapered in cross-section towards its free end. After inserting the PTC element 3.2a, the lip 3.1 projects above the upper side 3.2c of the PTC element 3.2a by a dimension m, which is shown enlarged in FIG. 6.
• the housing 3.1d has a receiving space 3.1e whose clear cross section, in particular its height, is such that the arrangement shown in FIGS. 4c, 6 is easily inserted into the receiving space and then pressing takes place perpendicular to the surface 3.2c of the PTC element, that is to say the arrows P of FIG. 5.
• the temperature control device shown in FIGS. 4c and 6 is pressed beforehand in such a way that it is inserted into a cavity 3.1e with . lower height can be introduced.
• the temperature control device in the installed state, is pressed in such a way that the lips 3.1 are deformed and the upper contact plate 3.2m is firmly and under pressure on the upper side 3.2c of the PTC element 3.2a, so that over the upper contact plate 3.2m gives both good electrical contact and good thermal contact.
• electrical functional elements such as the PTC heating element shown, can thus be protected against the occurrence of short circuits in a subsequent sheathing with an electrically conductive material.
• the device 3 according to the invention (FIG. 1b) when using the same in a steering wheel 1, one Motor vehicle reach a steering wheel heater. Due to the constructionally and production-technically simple embodiment of the present invention, the steering wheel heating according to the invention is characterized in particular by its low manufacturing costs, so that use not only appears to be possible in luxury vehicles.

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• Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-05-04 DE DE102004021979A patent/DE102004021979A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-05-04 US US11/579,394 patent/US20070228028A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-05-04 WO PCT/EP2005/004866 patent/WO2005107322A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2005-05-04 AT AT05741702T patent/ATE555635T1/de active
  • 2005-05-04 EP EP05741702A patent/EP1649725B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

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