EP1697277B1 - Agents de pre-allumage thermiques - Google Patents

Agents de pre-allumage thermiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1697277B1
EP1697277B1 EP04820421A EP04820421A EP1697277B1 EP 1697277 B1 EP1697277 B1 EP 1697277B1 EP 04820421 A EP04820421 A EP 04820421A EP 04820421 A EP04820421 A EP 04820421A EP 1697277 B1 EP1697277 B1 EP 1697277B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitrate
thermal pre
particularly preferably
thermal
ignition agents
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04820421A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1697277A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Hagel
Ulrich Bley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RUAG Ammotec GmbH filed Critical RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Publication of EP1697277A1 publication Critical patent/EP1697277A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1697277B1 publication Critical patent/EP1697277B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/04—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pre-ignition agents which can be used, for example, as thermal fuses in gas generators for motor vehicle safety systems.
  • Thermal pre-ignition agents are pyrotechnic substances or mixtures. They have, inter alia, the task to ignite the usually thermally very stable gas-generating mixtures of the gas generator in the event of a vehicle fire in a controlled manner.
  • thermal thermal ignition agents are nitrocellulose, propellant powders derived therefrom or those disclosed in the patent application DE 197 30 873 A1 used mixtures based on nitrotriazolone and Guanidinnitraf. These mixtures show ignition temperatures of about 160 ° C and are insufficiently long-term stability in the case of nitrocellulose.
  • EP-A-0 665 138 discloses a thermal preignition agent as a thermal fuse in gas generators containing sugar, a chlorate or perchlorate (eg KClO 3 , NaClO 3 or KClO 4 ) and a synthetic resin.
  • a chlorate or perchlorate eg KClO 3 , NaClO 3 or KClO 4
  • the object of the present invention was to provide pyrotechnic mixtures with ignition temperatures around 200 ° C. and sufficient long-term stability, which can be used as thermal premature ignition agents for gas generators in motor vehicle safety systems.
  • the problem underlying the invention was solved by the use of 2- [bis (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)] aminoethyl nitrate, abbreviated to Dipikrylaminoethylnitrat (DPN). This substance can be used in mixtures with other components.
  • DPN can be prepared from 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and ethanolamine followed by nitration (Lit .: RV Clark, Ind. Eng. Chem., 25, 1385 (1933 )).
  • the structural formula is as follows:
  • the deflagration point of pure DPN is approx. 200 ° C.
  • the deflagration point can be controlled in the range from 178.degree. C. to 208.degree. C. and the deflagration temperatures of the mixtures can be lower than those of the individual components.
  • Those of the individual components For Teczündstoff deflagration temperatures below 200 ° C are particularly interesting.
  • the mixtures according to the invention meet this requirement with excellent long-term stability.
  • the production and processing takes place according to known and customary methods. These include, for example, kneading, extrusion, extrusion, tabletting or granulation.
  • Table 1 shows the compositions of twelve different mixtures. The components were weighed in the stated weight ratios (percentages by weight (% by weight)) in plastic containers and homogenized for 30 minutes in a tumble mixer. Table 1: Examples mixture DPN in% by weight Nitroguanidine in wt.% 5-aminotetrazole in wt.% Guanidine nitrate in% by weight Potassium nitrate in wt.% Sodium nitrate in wt.% Potassium perchlorate in wt.% 1 50 50 2 50 5 50 4 20 30 50 5 20 30 50 6 20 30 50 7 20 30 50 8th 20 30 50 9 20 30 50 10 20 30 50 11 20 30 50 12 20 30 50
  • Table 2 shows the explosion heats, friction and impact sensitivities of the blends.
  • the measurement of the friction and impact sensitivities was carried out according to methods of the Federal Institute for Materials Research (BAM), while the measurement of the explosion heat was carried out with a calorimeter from EKA.
  • Table 3 summarizes the deflagration points before and after thermal stress (400 h, 110 ° C) and the weight losses after 72 h and 400 h thermal stress at 110 ° C.
  • the determination of the deflagration points was carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (Mettler) at a heating rate of 10 ° C per minute. The weight loss was measured analogously to the Holland test.
  • Thermal Fruhzündstoff containing 10 to 90 wt.%, Preferably 25 to 75 wt.%, Particularly preferably 40 to 60 wt.% Dipikrylaminoethylnitrat and 10 to 90 wt.%, Preferably 25 to 75 wt.%, Particularly preferably 40 to 60 wt % of an oxidizing agent.
  • Thermal preignition agents containing 10 to 90 wt.% Preferably 10 to 50 wt.%, Particularly preferably 10 to 30 wt.% Of dipicrylaminoethyl nitrate, 10 to 90 wt.%, Preferably 10 to 60 wt.%, Particularly preferably 20 to 40 wt .% Of a nitrogen-containing compound and 10 to 90 wt.%, Preferably 25 to 75 wt.%, Particularly preferably 40 to 60 wt.% Of an oxidizing agent.
  • Thermal preignition agents containing, in addition to DPN, nitrogen-containing compounds, singly or in mixtures, such as nitroguanidine, nitroaminoguanidine, nitrotriazolone, derivatives of tetrazole, such as 5-aminotetrazole, ditetrazolylamine, ditetrazole and salts thereof, nitraminotetrazole and its salts such as ammonium nitraminotetrazole and aminoguanidinium nitraminotetrazole, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, guanidine nitrate, dicyandiamide nitrate, diaminoguanidine azotetrazolate.
  • nitrogen-containing compounds such as nitroguanidine, nitroaminoguanidine, nitrotriazolone, derivatives of tetrazole, such as 5-aminotetrazole, ditetrazolylamine
  • oxidizing agents in addition to DPN and the above-mentioned nitrogenous compounds, individually or in mixtures, oxidizing agents, individually or in mixtures, such as nitrates of alkali or alkaline earth metals or ammonium such as sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate, perchlorates of alkali or alkaline earth metals or of ammonium, peroxides of alkaline earth metals or of zinc.
  • Thermal preignition agents which, in addition to DPN, the abovementioned nitrogenous compounds, individually or in mixtures and / or the abovementioned oxidizing agents, individually or in mixtures, reducing agents, individually or in mixtures, in proportions by weight of 1 to 80%, such as aluminum, Titanium, titanium hydride, boron, borohydride, zirconium, zirconium hydride, silicon, graphite, activated carbon, carbon black.
  • Thermal preignition agents which, in addition to DPN, the abovementioned nitrogen-containing compounds, individually or in mixtures, the abovementioned oxidizing agents, individually or in mixtures and / or the abovementioned reducing agents, individually or in mixtures, binders, individually or in mixtures, in parts by weight of 1 to 80%, such as cellulose and its derivatives, polyvinyl butyrals, Polynitropolyphenylen, Polynitrophenylether, Plexigum, polyvinyl acetate and copolymers.
  • Thermal preignition agents which, in addition to DPN, the abovementioned nitrogen-containing compounds, individually or in mixtures, the abovementioned oxidizing agents, individually or in mixtures, the abovementioned reducing agents, individually or in mixtures and / or the abovementioned binders, individually or in mixtures, energetic additives, individually or in mixtures, in proportions by weight of 10 to 80%, such as. Hexogen, octogen and nitrocellulose.
  • Thermal preignition agents which, in addition to DPN, the abovementioned nitrogenous compounds, individually or in mixtures, the abovementioned oxidizing agents, individually or in mixtures, the above-mentioned reducing agents, individually or in Mixtures, the above-mentioned binders, individually or in mixtures and / or the above energetic additives, individually or in mixtures, Abbrandmoderatoren and processing aids, individually or in mixtures, in proportions by weight of 0.1 to 20%, such as ferrocene and derivatives , Acetonyl acetates, salicylates, silicates, silica gels, boron nitride.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Impact Printers (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Agent de pré-allumage thermique qui contient du nitrate de dipicrylamino-éthyle, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 90 %, de préférence de 25 à 75 % et mieux encore de 40 à 60 %, et un agent oxydant, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 90 %, de préférence de 25 à 75 % et mieux encore de 40 à 60 %.
  2. Agent de pré-allumage thermique qui contient du nitrate de dipicrylamino-éthyle, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 90 %, de préférence de 10 à 50 % et mieux encore de 10 à 30 %, un composé azoté, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 90 %, de préférence de 10 à 60 % et mieux encore de 20 à 40 %, et un agent oxydant, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 90 %, de préférence de 25 à 75 % et mieux encore de 40 à 60 %.
  3. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agent oxydant est constitué d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : les nitrates des métaux alcalins, des métaux alcalino-terreux et d'ammonium, les perchlorates des métaux alcalins, des métaux alcalino-terreux et d'ammonium, et les peroxydes des métaux alcalino-terreux et de zinc.
  4. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le composé azoté est constitué d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : nitroguanidine, nitroaminoguanidine, nitrotriazolone, dérivés de tétrazole et leurs sels, nitraminotétrazole et ses sels, nitrate d'aminoguanidine, nitrate de diaminoguanidine, nitrate de triaminoguanidine, nitrate de guanidine, nitrate de dicyandiamidine, et azo-tétrazolate de diaminoguanidine.
  5. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un agent réducteur, en une proportion pondérale de 1 à 80 %, de préférence de 1 à 40 % et mieux encore de 1 à 15 %, et de préférence constitué d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : aluminium, titane, hydrure de titane, bore, hydrure de bore, zirconium, hydrure de zirconium, silicium, graphite, charbon actif et noir de fumée.
  6. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un agent liant, en une proportion pondérale de 1 à 80 %, de préférence de 1 à 40 % et mieux encore de 1 à 20 %, et de préférence constitué d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : cellulose et dérivés de cellulose, poly(vinyl butyral), polynitropolyphénylène, polynitrophényléther, résines plexigum, poly(acétate de vinyle) et copolymères.
  7. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un adjuvant énergétique, en une proportion pondérale de 10 à 80 %, de préférence de 10 à 50 % et mieux encore de 10 à 30 %, et de préférence constitué d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : hexogène, octogène et nitrocellulose.
  8. Agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un modérateur de consommation et/ou un auxiliaire de mise en oeuvre, en une proportion pondérale de 0,1 à 20 % et de préférence de 0,1 à 10 %, et de préférence constitué(s) d'un ou de plusieurs corps choisi(s) parmi les suivants : ferrocène et ses dérivés, acétonyl-acétates, salicylates, silicates, gel de silice et nitrure de bore.
  9. Utilisation d'un agent de pré-allumage thermique, conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, comme agent de sécurité thermique dans des générateurs de gaz pour systèmes de sécurité de véhicule automobile.
EP04820421A 2003-12-17 2004-12-07 Agents de pre-allumage thermiques Expired - Lifetime EP1697277B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10359536 2003-12-17
DE102004045900 2004-09-22
PCT/EP2004/013899 WO2005058775A1 (fr) 2003-12-17 2004-12-07 Agents de pre-allumage thermiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1697277A1 EP1697277A1 (fr) 2006-09-06
EP1697277B1 true EP1697277B1 (fr) 2009-03-25

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EP04820421A Expired - Lifetime EP1697277B1 (fr) 2003-12-17 2004-12-07 Agents de pre-allumage thermiques

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8016959B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1697277B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5044219B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE426580T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004299219B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2549766C (fr)
DE (1) DE502004009241D1 (fr)
IL (1) IL176299A (fr)
NO (1) NO337562B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005058775A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017118416A1 (de) 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Pyrotechnische Trenneinrichtung, System zum elektrischen Laden einer elektrischen Energiezelle, Mobilgerät und Ladegerät
RU2769553C1 (ru) * 2021-07-29 2022-04-04 Умар Хамидович Булатов Термостойкий кумулятивный заряд

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1935495A (en) * 1931-01-22 1933-11-14 Atlas Powder Co Slow match composition
US3320882A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-05-23 Du Pont High velocity ignition-propagating cord
US3734476A (en) * 1971-09-13 1973-05-22 United Aircraft Corp Cutting torch
US4379007A (en) * 1981-03-16 1983-04-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Catalysts for nitramine propellants
JPH07232613A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-09-05 Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd エアバッグ用ガス発生器およびスクイブ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1697277A1 (fr) 2006-09-06
AU2004299219B2 (en) 2012-01-12
CA2549766C (fr) 2011-08-23
IL176299A (en) 2011-03-31
CA2549766A1 (fr) 2005-06-30
US20080043385A1 (en) 2008-02-21
WO2005058775A1 (fr) 2005-06-30
IL176299A0 (en) 2006-10-05
AU2004299219A1 (en) 2005-06-30
JP2007534581A (ja) 2007-11-29
DE502004009241D1 (de) 2009-05-07
NO337562B1 (no) 2016-05-09
NO20063259L (no) 2006-09-14
ATE426580T1 (de) 2009-04-15
JP5044219B2 (ja) 2012-10-10
US8016959B2 (en) 2011-09-13

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