EP1714760A2 - Form für das Pressen von keramischen Fliesen - Google Patents

Form für das Pressen von keramischen Fliesen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1714760A2
EP1714760A2 EP06112866A EP06112866A EP1714760A2 EP 1714760 A2 EP1714760 A2 EP 1714760A2 EP 06112866 A EP06112866 A EP 06112866A EP 06112866 A EP06112866 A EP 06112866A EP 1714760 A2 EP1714760 A2 EP 1714760A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
base
mold according
mold
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06112866A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1714760A3 (de
EP1714760B1 (de
Inventor
Romano Casolari
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TREBAX Srl
Original Assignee
TREBAX Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TREBAX Srl filed Critical TREBAX Srl
Publication of EP1714760A2 publication Critical patent/EP1714760A2/de
Publication of EP1714760A3 publication Critical patent/EP1714760A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1714760B1 publication Critical patent/EP1714760B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/007—Means for maintaining the press table, the press platen or the press ram against tilting or deflection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/024—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form the pressure on the material being transmitted through flexible or resilient wall parts, e.g. flexible cushions on the ramming surface, resilient wall parts pressing as a result of deformation caused by ram pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mold for making ceramic tiles.
  • Known molds for making ceramic tiles comprise two superimposed half-molds, in which the upper one is composed of a plurality of male plugs and the lower one is constituted by a die in which there are a plurality of receptacles, the bottom of which is constituted by complementary plugs.
  • the receptacles When the mold is open, i.e., when the upper mold part is spaced from the lower mold part, the receptacles are filled with powder, the powder is pressed in the receptacles, and the resulting tiles are expelled and subsequently fired.
  • the receptacle filling techniques currently used in ceramics factories use a slide valve which has a bottom provided with a grille, which is actuated with a reciprocating motion between a loading position, below a hopper which contains the powder, and a position for unloading the powder into the receptacles.
  • the excess powder discharged into the receptacles is removed by skimming by the grille.
  • the tiles are subject to differentiated shrinkage, which causes deformations and a reduced mechanical strength of said tiles.
  • deformations are due to the uneven particle size distribution of the powder and more frequently to an uneven distribution of the powder in the receptacles, causing a different compaction of the powder during pressing, so that some regions of the tiles are denser than others and therefore exhibit less shrinkage during firing.
  • the powder is less dense in the central region than in the peripheral region of the receptacles.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a mold which allows to further reduce the risks of deformations of the tiles due to uneven density of the powder introduced in the receptacles.
  • a mold for making tiles which comprises an upper half-mold, which is composed of a plurality of male plugs, and a lower half-mold, which is composed of a plurality of complementary plugs accommodated in respective receptacles of a die which are aligned with respective male plugs, each complementary plug being provided with a base, a plate which is associated with said base by a plurality of fixing means distributed along a peripheral line and has an upper face which forms the bottom of the receptacle and a lower face which, together with said base, encloses a chamber which is filled with an incompressible liquid and reaches the vicinity of said peripheral line, characterized in that said base is provided with means which, during pressing, cause a yielding of the peripheral region of said plate with respect to its central region, so as to equalize the compaction of the powder over the entire surface of the receptacles during pressing.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates one of the complementary plugs that compose the lower half of a mold for making ceramic tiles.
  • Such complementary plug in a manner which is known and therefore not illustrated in detail, is guided hermetically in a seat of a die 1a of the press, where it forms a receptacle 1b for forming the tiles.
  • the other parts of the mold i.e., the male plugs that compose the upper half-mold and the elements for pressing and moving the plugs, are not shown, since they have a traditional structure which is not pertinent to the present invention.
  • the complementary plug 1 comprises a quadrangular plate, which is termed base 2 hereinafter for the sake of convenience in description and in which, in an upper region, a hollow 3 is provided, which is delimited perimetrically by a raised portion 4.
  • a plate 5 rests on the raised portion 4 and has, in an upper region, a concavity 6 for accommodating a pressure-resistant sheet 7 of rubber-like material, which is vulcanized therein and is not shown in Figures 1 and 2 but only in Figure 4.
  • the sheet 7 is provided with protrusions and grooves which are designed to form the face, in particular the back, of the tile.
  • the plate 5 is fixed to the raised portion 4 by means of a plurality of screws 8, which are driven from below through a plurality of holes 9 which are formed in the raised portion 4 of the base 2 and are screwed into the plate 5.
  • the holes 9 are mutually equidistant, and the perimetric raised portion 4 around them expands with portions 10 ( Figure 3) which protrude into the hollow 3. Therefore, the internal wall of the raised portion 4 that surrounds the hollow 3 forms a sequence of bends 11 which lie between the portions 10.
  • a slot 12 which has a substantially semicircular cross-section and surrounds the bottom of the hollow 3. Therefore, between the plate 5 and the base 2 there remains a chamber 13, which is delimited above and below by the mutually opposite faces of the plate 5 and of the base 2 and is delimited perimetrically by the internal wall of the raised portion 4.
  • the chamber 13 accommodates an elastic membrane 14, the edge of which is shaped complementarily with respect to the internal wall of the raised portion 4 and is provided with a rib 15, which engages in the slot 12.
  • An interspace 16 is enclosed hermetically between the membrane 14 and the upper face of the base 2 and is filled with an incompressible liquid by means of a duct 17.
  • a duct 17 In the plate 5, at the portions of the rib 15 which, by following the shape of the bends 11, lie between the portions 10, there are elongated slotted holes 18, which run parallel to the respective sides of the plate 5.
  • the slotted holes 18 accommodate tabs 19 which are shaped complementarily and are as high as the plate 5.
  • the tabs 19 are vulcanized below the plate 7, rest on the membrane 14 proximate to the rib 15, and can slide in the slotted holes 18 so that their upper face remains flat and parallel with respect to the upper face of the plate 5.
  • a perimetric slit 20 is formed around the base 2, is flat and parallel with respect to the plate 5, and divides in two the thickness of the base, forming two flanges 21, 22.
  • a lamina 23 is inserted in the slit 20 and is thinner than the slit is high; therefore, a gap 24 remains the height of which is calibrated as a function of the thickness of the lamina 23.
  • the arrangement of the lamina 23 in the slit 20 is justified by the fact that it would be technologically very onerous to provide a slit by machining, in view of the reduced height (a few tenths of a millimeter) and the considerable depth of the slit.
  • Respective holes 25 are formed through the lower flange 22 and the lamina 23, in alignment with the screws 8, and have a larger diameter than the holes 9, in order to allow the head of the screws 8 to pass and rest against the flange 21 during fixing to the plate 5.
  • the function of the gap 24 is to allow the upper peripheral flange 21 of the base 2 to flex with respect to the lower flange 22 during the pressing step and therefore allow uniform compaction of the powder over the entire surface of the complementary plug.
  • the denser powder of this last region reaches compaction values such that the pressing male plug cannot advance further, thus leaving the less dense powder that is in the central region of the receptacle less compressed and therefore less compact, with the consequence that the tiles, during firing, are subject to different shrinkages and therefore to deformations and reduced mechanical strength.
  • the flexibility of the edge 26 is facilitated by the presence of the slotted holes 18, which reduce the cross-section by which it is joined to the central part of the plate 5. It should be noted that the pressure of the incompressible liquid contained in the interspace 16 is constant over the entire surface of the plate 5 and is calibrated so as to ensure the uniform distribution of the compaction of the tile.
  • the described invention perfectly achieves the intended aim and objects.
  • the tabs 19, in the versions of Figures 4 and 9, in addition to entering the slotted holes 18 when there is a higher density of the material in the peripheral region of the receptacle, can protrude from said slotted holes if the density of the material is higher at the center of the receptacle.
  • a metal lamina 27 ( Figure 4) is conveniently integrated in the membrane 14 and has, at the tabs 19, openings for forming elastic inserts 28 suitable to allow the movements of the tabs 19.
  • the channel 29 accommodates inserts 31 made of rigid material, which act as a support for the sheet 7.
  • Figure 7 is a view of a variation which is equivalent to the embodiment of Figure 5 but does not use the membrane 14. In this embodiment, the seal is ensured by a ring 32 accommodated in the slot 12.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a variation which is equivalent to the embodiment of Figure 6, with the difference that the membrane 14 is absent and the inserts 31 rest on the bottom of the hollow 3, so as to absorb any overpressures.
  • a seat 33 is formed in the bottom of the hollow 3 in order to accommodate a rubber pad 34 which is suitable to absorb shocks.
  • Figure 9 is a view of an embodiment in which the two flanges 21, 22 of the base 2 are mechanically separate and mutually coupled by a plurality of screws 35, which are driven through holes 36 of the lower flange 22 and engage in the upper flange 21.
  • a spacer ring 37 is interposed between the head of each screw 35 and the flange 21, and a collar 38 of the lower flange 22 is guided on said ring and protrudes inside the hole 36.
  • the axial thickness of the collar 38 is lower than the axial length of the spacer ring 37, and therefore between the opposite faces of the flanges 21, 22 there remains a gap 24 which is equivalent to the gap 24 of the previously cited versions.
  • annular slot 39 which accommodates an elastic ring 40, made for example of elastomeric material, which acts as a return spring.
  • the flange 21 is provided centrally with a cylindrical cavity 41, whose diameter is smaller than that of the interspace 16 and which is connected to the interspace 16 by means of a passage 42.
  • a cylindrical portion 43 is inserted in the cavity 41, acts as a piston, and is formed in the flange 22.
  • An annular gasket 44 is interposed between the bottom of the cavity 41 and the piston 43 and separates hermetically the cavity 41 and, therewith, the interspace 16 of the gap 24.
  • the gasket 44 comprises a tubular lip 45, which fits between the cylindrical walls of the cavity 41 and of the piston 43.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a variation which combines the provision of the base of Figure 9 with the shape of the plate 5 shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a variation which combines the provision of the base of Figure 9 with the shape of the plate 5 shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a variation which combines the provision of the base of Figure 9 with the shape of the plate 5 shown in Figure 7.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a variation which combines the provision of the base of Figure 9 with the shape of the plate 5 shown in Figure 8.
  • a ring 46 ( Figure 10) is applied around the base and is interposed between the flanges 21, 22 so as to prevent the inflow of powder or foreign objects in the gap 24.
  • Figure 14 illustrates a variation of the plate 5, in which the slots 18 and the tabs 19 have a circular shape.
  • Figure 15 there is a double row of slotted holes 18 and tabs 19 having a circular shape, which are mutually offset so as to form a grid-like weakening region 30.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
EP06112866A 2005-04-21 2006-04-21 Form für das Pressen von keramischen Fliesen Expired - Lifetime EP1714760B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000268A ITBO20050268A1 (it) 2005-04-21 2005-04-21 Stampo per la fabbricazione di piastrelle ceramiche

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1714760A2 true EP1714760A2 (de) 2006-10-25
EP1714760A3 EP1714760A3 (de) 2007-08-01
EP1714760B1 EP1714760B1 (de) 2010-08-18

Family

ID=36778077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06112866A Expired - Lifetime EP1714760B1 (de) 2005-04-21 2006-04-21 Form für das Pressen von keramischen Fliesen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1714760B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE477898T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602006016188D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2358947T3 (de)
IT (1) ITBO20050268A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20080246A1 (it) * 2008-09-24 2010-03-25 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
ITMO20100183A1 (it) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-19 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
ITMI20121558A1 (it) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Martinelli Ettore Srl Stampo per la formatura di piastrelle e simili
ITMO20130142A1 (it) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-22 S C R Stampi Ceramici Roteglia S R L Punzone per pressare materiale in polvere

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR686942A (fr) 1929-02-14 1930-08-01 Presse à frapper et à estamper
US4576092A (en) 1983-08-22 1986-03-18 Kohtaki & Co., Ltd. Uniform-pressure press apparatus
US5330346A (en) 1992-02-12 1994-07-19 Sichenia Gruppo Ceramische S.P.A. Die for ceramic tiles
IT1286224B1 (it) 1996-09-18 1998-07-08 Fabio Casolari Stampo per la fabbricazione di piastrelle ceramiche

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1158781B (it) * 1982-12-30 1987-02-25 Tagliati Rodolfo Ta Ro Di Tampone con cuscinetto liquido per la omogenea compattazione delle piastrelle in ceramica
DE4138286A1 (de) * 1991-11-21 1993-05-27 M & S Brugg Ag Presse
EP0736363B1 (de) * 1993-03-17 1997-12-03 Maris Algeri Form, insbesondere zum Pressen von Keramikfliesen
IT1269352B (it) * 1994-07-27 1997-03-26 Fabio Casolari Piano flottante per tamponi di presse

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR686942A (fr) 1929-02-14 1930-08-01 Presse à frapper et à estamper
US4576092A (en) 1983-08-22 1986-03-18 Kohtaki & Co., Ltd. Uniform-pressure press apparatus
US5330346A (en) 1992-02-12 1994-07-19 Sichenia Gruppo Ceramische S.P.A. Die for ceramic tiles
IT1286224B1 (it) 1996-09-18 1998-07-08 Fabio Casolari Stampo per la fabbricazione di piastrelle ceramiche

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20080246A1 (it) * 2008-09-24 2010-03-25 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
ITMO20100183A1 (it) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-19 Trebax S R L Stampo per fabbricare manufatti ceramici.
EP2397292A1 (de) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-21 Trebax S.R.L. Form zur Herstellung von keramischen Produkten
US8647107B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2014-02-11 Trebax S.R.L. Die for manufacturing ceramic products
ITMI20121558A1 (it) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Martinelli Ettore Srl Stampo per la formatura di piastrelle e simili
WO2014045149A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-27 Martinelli Ettore Srl Mold for forming tiles and the like
ITMO20130142A1 (it) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-22 S C R Stampi Ceramici Roteglia S R L Punzone per pressare materiale in polvere

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITBO20050268A1 (it) 2006-10-22
EP1714760A3 (de) 2007-08-01
DE602006016188D1 (de) 2010-09-30
ATE477898T1 (de) 2010-09-15
ES2358947T3 (es) 2011-05-17
EP1714760B1 (de) 2010-08-18

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