Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/88—Safety gear
  • B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
  • B66C23/905—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment electrical

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for determining the permissible load of a crane.
• the load is determined in dependence on at least a first and second parameters and that the method comprises a first step, wherein the load for the value of the first parameter at different values of the second parameter by calculation or by interpolation or extrapolation is determined on the basis of known values of the load at particular values of the first parameter, and that the method comprises a second step, wherein the load for the value of the second parameter based on the determined in the first step for different values of the second parameter Load values are calculated or calculated by interpolation or extrapolation.
• the procedure may be as follows:
• the permissible load is determined, for example, by specifying a first and second angle (77 °; 87 °) of the main boom, an interpolation of the load is performed by means of two support points of load values, which are known for the different discharges. It is conceivable, for example, that for a projection of 21.7 m interpolation between the support points 20 m and 22 m, in which the load is known. This interpolation is performed for a boom angle of 77 ° and for a boom angle of 87 °.
• the second interpolation step works according to this example the support points obtained in the first step.
• the determined values of the first parameter, in which the values of the load are known are selected as a function of the values of the second parameter. Based on the previous example, this means that the interpolation or extrapolation of the load bearing points, unlike the previous example, where identical interpolation points were used for both main boom angles, are chosen as a function of the angle of the main boom. It is conceivable and advantageous if, at a larger main boom angle, i. with a steeper main boom, lower values of the radius are chosen as support points than with a smaller main boom angle.
• the interpolation or extrapolation can be performed assuming a linear relationship, or also using any other functions that represent a dependence of the load on the respective parameter.
• the method according to the invention is not restricted to two independent parameters. Rather, any number of parameters can be taken into account, which have an influence on the carrying capacity.
• the load is to be determined in accordance with n parameters, where n ⁇ 2, and wherein the method comprises an n-th step in which the load is calculated based on that in the (n-1) th Step for different values of the nth parameter determined values of load capacity by interpolation or extrapolation or by calculation is performed.
• the nth step in the determination of the load capacity works with interpolation points, which in the preceding, i. (n-1) -th step were determined.
• the method can be realized with a small number of support points. In principle, it is sufficient if the interpolation or extrapolation is carried out on the basis of two interpolation points.
• the parameters are entered manually.
• the determination of the parameters on the crane can be performed by a sensor.
• a continuous adjustment or detection of the parameters is preferably possible.
• the detection of a parameter by means of a sensor is particularly useful if the value has a fixed size (e.g., ballast plate identification) or can be rounded to a fixed size (discretization).
• the detection of parameters by means of a sensor is for example in the parameters rotary ballast and / or central ballast into consideration. Of course, other parameters, such as the wind speed, can be detected by means of a sensor.
• the parameters which are included in the calculation of the load are preferably setup or condition parameters of the crane.
• the load bearing parameters may be selected from the following non-terminating group: revolving platform ballast, central ballast (undercarriage weight), outrigger geometry, wind speed, longitudinal and lateral inclination of the crane, traversing speed (for tables on tires or track), derrick radius, Derrick ballast, angle of rotation of the revolving platform, longitudinal and transverse angle of the boom brace (TA, TY).
• revolving platform ballast central ballast (undercarriage weight), outrigger geometry, wind speed, longitudinal and lateral inclination of the crane, traversing speed (for tables on tires or track), derrick radius, Derrick ballast, angle of rotation of the revolving platform, longitudinal and transverse angle of the boom brace (TA, TY).
• the sensor value may be used to permanently load load calculation when a parameter boundary is first exceeded to switch so that for the measured sensor value another, possibly a low parameter value is calculated. In this way it is possible to determine a small and thus safer in operation load capacity.
• the invention relates to a crane with a unit which has means for carrying out a method according to the invention.
• the crane is a derrick crane or a mobile crane, but other types of crane are included in the invention.
• the load is calculated for any, freely selectable values of a parameter within a parameter range.
• the value of the parameter can be typed on a monitor, for example by means of a numeric keypad.
• the parameter values for a whip-tip Derrick crane with no derrick ballast are a main boom angle of 83 ° and an outreach of 21.7 m.
• the dependence of the permissible load on the projection for the main boom angles 77 ° and 87 ° is known.
• the load value for the projection of 21.7 m is determined both at the main boom angle 77 ° and at the main boom angle 87 °.
• the load value for the main boom angle 83 ° is determined by interpolation of the load values obtained for both main boom angles 77 ° and 87 °.
• the support points of the projection for the different main boom angles can also be chosen differently.
• the parameter values for a derrick crane without a tilting tip with derrick ballast are a derrick ballast radius of 14.5 m and a projection of 21.7 m.
• the dependence of the permissible load on the discharge for the derrick ballast radii of 13 m and 15 m is known.
• the load-bearing capacity for the projection of 21.7 m is determined both at the Derrickballastradius of 13 m and the Derrickballastradius 15 m.
• the payload for the derrick ballast radius 14.5 m is also determined by interpolation.
• the method according to the invention is not limited to the determination of the load as a function of two parameters.
• the number of parameters is arbitrary.
• the parameter values for a derrick crane are rocking
• the peak and derrick ballast have an outreach of 21.7 m, a derrick ballast radius of 14.5 m and a main boom angle of 83 °.
• the dependence of the permissible load on the discharge for the derrick ballast radii is 13 m and 15 m and in each case for the main boom angles 77 ° and 87 °.
• the load capacity value for the projection of 21.7 m determined both at the Derrickballastradius of 13 m and the Derrickballastradius 15 m and this separately for both main boom angles. In principle, it is likewise conceivable to select the support points for the projection differently for different main boom angles.
• four interpolations of the load are thus performed as a function of the discharge.
• the values determined for derrick ballast radius values of 13 m and 15 m are interpolated with respect to the value 14.5 m. This interpolation is done for both main boom angles (77 ° and 87 °).
• a corresponding example can be given for the parameters of overhang, derrick ballast radius and derrick ballast (for example 255 t).
• the load is to be determined as a function of four parameters. These are the parameters projection (21.7 m), main boom angle (83 °), derrick ballast radius (14.5 m) and derrick ballast (255 t).
• the load capacities are known depending on the discharge for two different Derrickballastradien namely the parameter values Derrickballast 200 t and 300 t and at the main boom angles 77 ° and 87 °.
• the payload is determined at the 21,7 m radius and at 13 m and 15 m derrick ballast radii. This determination is made for the four value pairs of Derrickballastes and the main boom angle 300t, 77 °; 300 t, 87 °; 200 t, 77 ° and 200t, 87 °. In total, eight interpolations of the load are thus carried out as a function of the projection at two interpolation points. On the basis of two each of the load values thus obtained, four interpolations are made for the derrick ballast radius value of 13.7 m.
• the load values determined for the four aforementioned pairs of values are supplied to further interpolation steps, wherein two interpolations are carried out for different main boom angles and in each case equal derrick ballast radii.
• the result of this interpolation consists of two load values for different derrick ballast values.
• the last interpolation is carried out in order to determine the load value for different derrick ballast values at 200 t and 300 t, so as to obtain the permissible load value at a derrick ballast of 255 t.
• the support points for the projection can also be chosen differently depending on the main boom angle.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Jib Cranes (AREA)
• Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

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Publications (4)

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• 2005
  • 2005-07-28 DE DE102005035460A patent/DE102005035460A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2006
  • 2006-07-13 EP EP06014597.6A patent/EP1748021B2/fr active Active
  • 2006-07-26 US US11/494,263 patent/US9126812B2/en active Active
  • 2006-07-27 JP JP2006204584A patent/JP5512912B2/ja active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-06-09 US US12/797,405 patent/US9957141B2/en active Active

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