EP1748452B1 - Interrupteur imperméable - Google Patents

Interrupteur imperméable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1748452B1
EP1748452B1 EP06015095A EP06015095A EP1748452B1 EP 1748452 B1 EP1748452 B1 EP 1748452B1 EP 06015095 A EP06015095 A EP 06015095A EP 06015095 A EP06015095 A EP 06015095A EP 1748452 B1 EP1748452 B1 EP 1748452B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
cylinder
groove
operation knob
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06015095A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1748452A1 (fr
Inventor
Keiichi c/o Omron Corporation Shimizu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omron Corp
Original Assignee
Omron Corp
Omron Tateisi Electronics Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Omron Corp, Omron Tateisi Electronics Co filed Critical Omron Corp
Publication of EP1748452A1 publication Critical patent/EP1748452A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1748452B1 publication Critical patent/EP1748452B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/04—Cases; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/04—Cases; Covers
    • H01H13/06—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H19/14—Operating parts, e.g. turn knob

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching arrangement, in which an operation knob is operated to switch a switch on and off, and more particular, to a waterproof type switching arrangement to prevent water from entering into a casing.
  • a switching arrangement used in window opening and closing devices (power window devices) for automobiles is arranged on an arm rest of a door, a central console, or the like in an automobile.
  • a switch, a circuit board, etc. are accommodated in a casing of the switching arrangement, a cylinder is provided on the casing to be opened up and down to be communicated to an interior of the casing, and an operation knob is provided to cover an upper opening of the cylinder, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3111221 .
  • Operation knobs include ones of various types to enable operations such as push-down, swinging, rotation, or the like.
  • An operation knob is operated whereby movements of the operation knob are transmitted to a switch through an actuator, etc. from the operation knob to switch the switch on and off. That is, a contact provided in the switch is switched over to an ON (conduction) state or an OFF (non-conduction) state according to the operation of the operation knob.
  • a cover is generally mounted on the switching arrangement to cover an upper surface of the casing, and an operation knob is exposed from a hole provided on the cover to be enabled to operate. Therefore, even when some rainwater splashes on the cover at the time of rainy weather or the like, the rainwater little enters into the casing of the switching arrangement. In the case where a large amount of beverage, etc. (referred below to as "water”) spills on the cover, however, the water passes through a clearance between the hole of the cover and the operation knob to flow down the casing to flow toward the cylinder, etc. Water having flown toward the cylinder is caused by its impulse to go up the clearance between the operation knob and the cylinder to pass through an opening of the cylinder to enter into the casing to become responsible for corrosion and short-circuit of the switch and the circuit board.
  • water beverage, etc.
  • a water catching groove is formed on a casing forwardly and rearwardly of a cylinder, to which a swinging operation type operation knob is mounted, a bottom of the groove is molded to be inclined forwardly of the casing, or a central portion of the groove is molded to be mountain-shaped to have a watershed, and drainage ports are formed on a front surface and a side of the casing to extend into a deepest portion of the water catching groove. Also, a groove with an end thereof opened is formed around that cylinder, to which a push-down operation type operation knob on the casing is mounted.
  • a stopper is protrusively provided in a button hole formed in a casing in order to prevent malfunctioning of a push-down operation type operation knob, etc. caused by invasion of water into the button hole, an engagement is protrusively provided on an end of that cylinder (holder), which is separate from a casing and provided in the button hole, a back surface of a stopper toward a base thereof is made an abutment for the engagement, and a back surface of a tip end of the stopper is made a non-abutment for the engagement. Also, a groove is formed around a cylinder, which is provided on the casing to be made integral therewith.
  • the invention provides a switching arrangement comprising a switch, a casing, in which the switch is accommodated, a cylinder provided on the casing to be opened up and down to be communicated to an interior of the casing, and an operation knob provided to cover the opening of the cylinder, the operation knob being operated to switch the switch on and off, and wherein a step rising toward the cylinder is provided in a position closer to the cylinder than an outer peripheral surface of the operation knob around the cylinder on the casing.
  • a step is provided around the cylinder on the casing whereby water flowing to the vicinity of the operation knob on the casing from outside can be stopped and prevented by the step from flowing toward the cylinder. Also, since the step and the upper portion of the step are positioned toward the cylinder relative to the outer peripheral surface of the operation knob, water flowing to the vicinity of the operation knob on the casing from outside does not flow directly to the upper portion of the step without passing through the lower portion of the step and the step. Therefore, water can be prevented from passing through the opening of the cylinder from outside to enter into the casing.
  • a groove is provided around the cylinder on the casing to be contiguous to a side of the casing nearby, an end thereof toward the side being opened and the step is provided in the groove.
  • the step is provided in the groove provided on the casing whereby water flowing to the vicinity of the operation knob on the casing from outside can be prevented by the step from entering below the lower portion of the step in the groove to flow toward the cylinder from the lower portion and the water can be discharged laterally of the casing through the opened end of the groove without staying on the lower portion of the step in the groove, thus enabling further preventing water from entering into the casing.
  • a cover mounted to cover an upper surface of the casing and having a hole to expose the operation knob to enable operation of the same, and an opposite end of the groove to the cylinder is positioned to be more distant from the cylinder than an end of the hole of the cover toward the cylinder.
  • a bottom of the groove is inclined downward toward the side of the casing nearby.
  • water entering the lower portion of the step in the groove can be caused to flow along the bottom of the groove at any time without staying on the lower portion and to be discharged smoothly laterally of the casing from the opened end, thus enabling further preventing water from entering into the casing.
  • water flowing to the vicinity of the operation knob on the casing from outside surely enters the lower portion of the step and can be stopped and prevented by the step from flowing toward the upper portion of the step and the cylinder therebeyond from the lower portion, so that it is possible to prevent water from passing through the opening of the cylinder from outside to enter into the casing.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a switching arrangement 100 according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a casing of the switching arrangement 100
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a state, in which a cover 20 is mounted on the switching arrangement 100
  • Fig. 4 is a side, cross sectional view showing the state
  • Fig. 5 is a side view showing an essential part of the state
  • Figs. 6A and 6B are side, cross sectional views showing an essential part of the state.
  • the switching arrangement 100 is used in a power window device and mounted to an arm rest (depiction thereof being omitted) provided on a door about a driver's seat of a vehicle.
  • the reference numeral 1 denotes a casing of the switching arrangement 100.
  • Cylinders 3 to 5 opened up and down and communicated to an interior of the casing 1 are provided on an upper surface 1u of the casing 1 to be made integral with the casing 1 as shown in Figs. 2 , 4 , and the like.
  • Accommodated in the casing 1 as shown in Fig. 4 or the like are a circuit board 11 and switches 12, 13, etc. mounted on the circuit board 11.
  • An underside of the casing 1 is opened and closed by fitting a lower cover 2 thereon.
  • a connector 14 projecting downward from the lower cover 2 is mounted on the circuit board 11.
  • a cable for connection to a controller (not shown) is fitted into the connector 14 to enable transmitting output signals of the switches 12, 13, etc. from the switching arrangement 100 to the controller.
  • a cover 20 is mounted to the casing 1 by means of screws (depiction thereof being omitted) as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 , and the upper surface 1u of the casing 1 is covered by the cover 20.
  • the cover 20 is mounted by having hook pieces 20x caught by the arm rest of the door.
  • a push-down operation type operation knob 8 for a window lock switch is provided on the cylinder 3 in a manner to cover an upper opening 3b of the cylinder 3. More specifically, by fitting a tip end portion of an actuator 12a of a switch 12, which extends through the cylinder 3, into a cylindrical-shaped, fitted portion 8a ( Figs. 6A and 6B ) integrally and protrusively formed inside the operation knob 8, the operation knob 8 is supported on an upper portion of the cylinder 3 to be able to move up and down. The operation knob 8 is locked so as not to enable opening and closing a window of a vehicle, or operatively pushed down to release such locking.
  • the switch 12 is one for window locking and constituted by a known lock type push switch.
  • the actuator 12a of the switch 12 is pushed into a body 12b to be fixed in the pushed state as shown in Fig. 6B and the operation knob 8 is fixed in a state of push-down operation.
  • fixation of the actuator 12a is released, the actuator 12a is caused by an elastic force of a spring (not shown) provided in the body 12b to project at its maximum from within the body 12b, and the actuator 12a and the operation knob 8 return to an initial state as shown in Figs. 4 and 6A .
  • a contact (not shown) provided in the body 12b of the switch 12 is put in an ON (conduction) state, and in a state, in which push-down and fixation are released, the contact is put in an OFF (non-conduction) state. That is, the switch 12 is switched on and off according to an operated position of the operation knob 8.
  • an operation knob 9 of a type for swinging and operation of the door lock switch is provided on the cylinder 4 in a manner to cover an upper opening 4b of the cylinder 4
  • operation knobs 10 of a type for swinging and operation of window opening and closing switches are provided on the cylinders 5 in a manner to cover upper openings 5b of the cylinders 5.
  • the respective operation knobs 9, 10 are put on the respective cylinders 4, 5 from above and holes 9c, 10c ( Fig. 1 ) formed on left and right sides of the respective operation knobs 9, 10 are fitted onto shafts 4a, 5a ( Fig.
  • the operation knob 9 is locked so as not to enable opening and closing a door of a vehicle, or operatively pushed down to release such locking.
  • the operation knobs 10 are operatively pushed down to open and close the windows of the vehicle.
  • the switches 13 for window opening and closing are provided in the casing 1 as shown in Fig. 4 to correspond to the respective operation knobs 10, these switches being constituted by a known slide switch.
  • Operation rods 15 are integrally and protrusively formed inside the respective operation knobs 10, the operation rods 15 extending through the upper openings 5b of the cylinders 5 from the operation knobs 10 to extend into the casing 1 to be fitted into actuators 13a of the respective switches 13.
  • the operation knob 9 is also provided with a switch for door lock, which is constituted by a slide switch corresponding thereto, and an operation rod protrusively formed inside the operation knob 9 extends through the upper opening 4b of the cylinder 4 to extend into the casing 1 to be fitted into an actuator of the switch for door lock.
  • the operation knobs 10 when the operation knobs 10 are brought down forward or raised up rearward by a finger from a neutral condition shown in Fig. 4 to be operatively swung, the operation knobs 10 turn forward and rearward about the shafts 5a, and the operation rods 15 transmit such movements to the actuators 13a, so that contacts (not shown) provided in bodies 13b of the switches 13 are switched over to ON (conduction) or OFF (non-conduction) state. That is, the corresponding switches 13 are switched on and off according to operated positions of the operation knobs 10. The same is with the operation knobs 9.
  • the respective operation knobs 8 to 10 are exposed from holes 20a to 20c provided on the cover 20 as shown in Fig. 3 and can be operated by a finger. Since the operation knobs 8, 9 can be operated only by pushing them from above, the holes 20a, 20b are small in opened area, and since the operation knobs 10 are operated by holding a finger thereon to bring them down forward or to raise them up, the holes 20c are large in opened area to enable insertion of a finger thereinto.
  • a groove 6 is provided around the cylinder 3 on the casing 1 to extend all around a whole periphery of the cylinder 3 as shown in Fig. 2 or the like.
  • the groove 6 is contiguous to a forwardly facing side 1f of the casing 1 and sides 1g, 1h of the casing facing leftward in Fig. 2 to be respectively opened at ends 6a thereof on the sides 1f to 1h.
  • Opposite ends 6e of the groove 6 to the cylinder 3 are positioned more distant from the cylinder 3 than an end 20e of the hole 20a of the cover 20 toward the cylinder 3 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 .
  • a step 7 extending around the whole periphery of the cylinder 3 to rise toward the cylinder 3 as shown in Fig. 2 or the like.
  • the step 7 is positioned more close to the cylinder 3 than an outer peripheral surface 8e of the operation knob 8, and an upper portion 7a and a lower portion 7b of the step 7 are positioned below the upper surface 1u of the casing 1 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 .
  • the lower portion 7b of the step 7 is consistent (that is, positioned on the same plane) with a bottom 6b of the groove 6.
  • the step 7 is provided around the cylinder 3 on the casing 1, so that even when water from outside passes through the clearance 18 between the cover 20 and the operation knob 8 to flow down the vicinity of the operation knob 8 on the casing 1, the step 7 stops the water to enable preventing the same from flowing toward the cylinder 3. Also, since the step 7 and the upper portion 7a of the step 7 are positioned toward the cylinder 3 relative to the outer peripheral surface 8e of the operation knob 8, water flowing down from the clearance 18 does not flow directly to the upper portion 7a of the step 7 without passing through the lower portion 7b of the step 7 and the step 7. Therefore, water coming from outside can be prevented from going up the cylinder 3 to pass through a clearance 19 ( Fig. 6A ) between the operation knob 8 and the cylinder 3 and through the upper opening 3b of the cylinder 3 to enter into the casing 1.
  • step 7 since the step 7 is provided in the groove 6 on the casing 1, water flowing down from the clearance 18 can be prevented by the step 7 from entering the lower portion 7b of the step 7 in the groove 6 and flowing toward the cylinder 3 from the lower portion 7b without flowing on the upper surface 1u of the casing 1, and the water can be immediately discharged laterally of the casing 1 from the opened ends 6a of the groove 6 contiguous to the sides 1f to 1h of the casing 1 nearby without staying on the lower portion 7b of the step 7 in the groove 6. Therefore, water can be further prevented from entering into the casing 1.
  • the ends 6e of the groove 6 opposed to the cylinder 3 are positioned more distant from the cylinder 3 than the end 20e of the hole 20a of the cover 20 toward the cylinder 3, whereby the groove 6 and the lower portion 7b of the step 7 are positioned just below the clearance 18 between the cover 20 and the operation knob 8, so that water passing through the clearance 18 to flow down can be caused to directly enter the lower portion 7b of the step 7 in the groove 6 to be discharged laterally of the casing 1 from the opened ends 6a of the groove 6, thus enabling further preventing water from entering into the casing 1.
  • a bottom 6b' of a groove 6 may be inclined downwardly toward sides 1f to 1h of a casing 1 nearby as shown in Fig. 7 .
  • water passing through the clearance 18 between the cover 20 and the operation knob 8 to enter a lower portion 7b' of the step 7 in the groove 6 can be caused to flow along the bottom 6b' of the groove 6 at any time without staying on the lower portion 7b' and to be discharged smoothly laterally of the casing 1 from the opened ends 6a, thus enabling further preventing water from entering into the casing 1.
  • the groove 6 and the step 7 are provided around the cylinder 3, on which the push-down operation type operation knob 8 is provided, on the casing 1, similar grooves and similar steps may be provided around cylinders, on which swinging operation type operation knobs are arranged, such as the cylinders 4, 5, to which the operation knobs 9, 10 are mounted, and similar grooves and similar steps may be provided around cylinders, on which rotating operation type operation knobs for mirror control switches are arranged. That is, the invention is applied to enable preventing water from entering in the casing from openings of those cylinders, on which operation knobs of push-down operation type, swinging operation type, rotating operation type, or the like are arranged.
  • the invention can also be applied to a switching arrangement used in door opening and closing devices, etc., and can also be applied to a switching arrangement used in uses other than vehicle-mount applications.

Landscapes

  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Tumbler Switches (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de commutation comprenant un commutateur, un boîtier (1) dans lequel le commutateur est logé, un cylindre (3 à 5) prévu sur le boîtier qui doit être ouvert et refermé pour être en communication avec un intérieur du boîtier, et un bouton de fonctionnement (8) prévu pour recouvrir l'ouverture du cylindre, le bouton de fonctionnement étant mis en fonctionnement pour mettre en marche et arrêter le commutateur, caractérisé en ce qu'un gradin (7) s'élevant vers le cylindre est prévu à une position située plus près du cylindre qu'une surface périphérique externe du bouton de fonctionnement autour du cylindre sur le boîtier.
  2. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une rainure (6) prévue autour du cylindre sur le boîtier pour être contiguë à un côté du boîtier situé à proximité, une extrémité de celle-ci s'étendant vers le côté qui est ouvert et le gradin est prévu dans la rainure.
  3. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 2, comprenant en outre un couvercle (20) monté pour recouvrir une surface supérieure du boîtier et qui a un trou pour exposer le bouton de fonctionnement pour permettre le fonctionnement de celui-ci, et dans lequel une extrémité opposée de la rainure au cylindre est positionnée de sorte à être plus distante par rapport au cylindre qu'une extrémité du trou du couvercle s'étendant vers le cylindre.
  4. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel un fond (6b) de la rainure est incliné vers le bas vers le côté du boîtier situé à proximité.
EP06015095A 2005-07-29 2006-07-19 Interrupteur imperméable Not-in-force EP1748452B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005221020A JP4007379B2 (ja) 2005-07-29 2005-07-29 スイッチ装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1748452A1 EP1748452A1 (fr) 2007-01-31
EP1748452B1 true EP1748452B1 (fr) 2008-05-21

Family

ID=37216039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06015095A Not-in-force EP1748452B1 (fr) 2005-07-29 2006-07-19 Interrupteur imperméable

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7297884B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1748452B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4007379B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100796433B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100495611C (fr)
AT (1) ATE396490T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0603070A (fr)
CA (1) CA2552629A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006001268D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1936646B1 (fr) * 2006-12-20 2010-07-21 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Appareil de commutation de vitre électrique
DE102007002311B4 (de) * 2007-01-16 2017-03-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kippschalter
JP4671179B2 (ja) * 2007-09-12 2011-04-13 日本精機株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP5340251B2 (ja) * 2010-11-15 2013-11-13 本田技研工業株式会社 スイッチ装置
DE102014202882B4 (de) * 2013-02-15 2018-05-17 Omron Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd. Schaltervorrichtung
JP2014157694A (ja) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-28 Omron Automotive Electronics Co Ltd スイッチ装置
WO2016079871A1 (fr) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 三菱電機株式会社 Appareil électronique
CN107539230B (zh) * 2016-06-23 2021-09-21 阿尔派株式会社 电子装置以及开关防水机构
JP6359698B1 (ja) * 2017-02-07 2018-07-18 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 揺動スイッチ装置
DE102017113661B4 (de) * 2017-06-21 2021-03-04 Bcs Automotive Interface Solutions Gmbh Kraftfahrzeugbedienvorrichtung
JP7369648B2 (ja) * 2020-03-18 2023-10-26 本田技研工業株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP7369649B2 (ja) * 2020-03-18 2023-10-26 本田技研工業株式会社 スイッチ装置

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57186941A (en) 1981-05-13 1982-11-17 Kangiyou Denki Kiki Kk Coil for motor
JP2557557Y2 (ja) * 1991-02-12 1997-12-10 ミネベア株式会社 キースイッチ
JPH0677127A (ja) 1992-08-24 1994-03-18 Hitachi Ltd 化合物半導体装置とその製法
US5414231A (en) * 1993-03-15 1995-05-09 Tokyo Denso Kabushiki Kaisha Switch device
JPH0677127U (ja) * 1993-04-08 1994-10-28 株式会社小糸製作所 押釦装置
JP3111221B2 (ja) 1993-12-17 2000-11-20 ナイルス部品株式会社 車両用スイッチユニットの排水構造
JP3527000B2 (ja) * 1996-01-26 2004-05-17 本田技研工業株式会社 コネクタ付きスイッチボックス
JP3798182B2 (ja) * 1999-06-03 2006-07-19 アルプス電気株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP2003059368A (ja) * 2001-08-22 2003-02-28 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd キースイッチ
JP3998174B2 (ja) * 2001-08-30 2007-10-24 ナイルス株式会社 スイッチ
US6610948B1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-26 Behavior Tech Computer Corporation Pushbutton of keyboard
DE20208796U1 (de) * 2002-06-06 2002-08-22 Liang, Ming-Ching, Anding Druckknopf für ein Zellulartelefon
JP4461033B2 (ja) * 2005-01-27 2010-05-12 アルプス電気株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP4286794B2 (ja) * 2005-02-09 2009-07-01 オムロン株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP4464846B2 (ja) * 2005-02-16 2010-05-19 アルプス電気株式会社 スイッチ装置
JP4312739B2 (ja) * 2005-05-23 2009-08-12 オムロン株式会社 スイッチ装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2552629A1 (fr) 2007-01-29
JP2007035571A (ja) 2007-02-08
BRPI0603070A (pt) 2007-03-13
CN100495611C (zh) 2009-06-03
JP4007379B2 (ja) 2007-11-14
US20070023261A1 (en) 2007-02-01
EP1748452A1 (fr) 2007-01-31
CN1913067A (zh) 2007-02-14
DE602006001268D1 (de) 2008-07-03
ATE396490T1 (de) 2008-06-15
US7297884B2 (en) 2007-11-20
KR100796433B1 (ko) 2008-01-21
KR20070015023A (ko) 2007-02-01

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