EP1769100A1 - Revetement en un materiau dur dlc sur des materiaux a teneur en cuivre pour paliers - Google Patents

Revetement en un materiau dur dlc sur des materiaux a teneur en cuivre pour paliers

Info

Publication number
EP1769100A1
EP1769100A1 EP05731502A EP05731502A EP1769100A1 EP 1769100 A1 EP1769100 A1 EP 1769100A1 EP 05731502 A EP05731502 A EP 05731502A EP 05731502 A EP05731502 A EP 05731502A EP 1769100 A1 EP1769100 A1 EP 1769100A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
bearing material
material according
elements
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05731502A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Jabs
Michael Scharf
Martin Grischke
Orlaw Massler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Surface Solutions AG Pfaeffikon
Wieland Werke AG
Original Assignee
Wieland Werke AG
OC Oerlikon Balzers AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wieland Werke AG, OC Oerlikon Balzers AG filed Critical Wieland Werke AG
Publication of EP1769100A1 publication Critical patent/EP1769100A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/046—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with at least one amorphous inorganic material layer, e.g. DLC, a-C:H, a-C:Me, the layer being doped or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/048—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with layers graded in composition or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/341—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one carbide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/343—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one DLC or an amorphous carbon based layer, the layer being doped or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/36—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including layers graded in composition or physical properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/02—Carbon based material
    • F16C2206/04—Diamond like carbon [DLC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bearing material made of a copper-containing alloy for use in slide bearings according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Bearing materials containing copper are known from the prior art, as is the good suitability of copper materials for the application of galvanic layers for surface finishing.
  • PVD, CVD or PVD / CVD layers have so far hardly been used on the relatively soft copper bearing materials, since, for example, the layer is pressed or broken through in the base material when subjected to sliding loads with high loads and many layer systems used for tool coating have too high a coefficient of friction, too high roughness or similar lengths1.
  • DE 4006550 describes a textured roller for the forming and processing of steel, which is used to protect the texture with galvanic hard chromium and a medium thereon PVD or CVD process deposited hard material layer is protected against wear.
  • the texture tips are provided with a thicker layer, while the depressions are only coated thinner or not at all.
  • DE 3011694 discloses a method for coating wear surfaces of contact surfaces. Among other things, the application of a galvanic adhesive layer to various metallic materials and a subsequent PVD coating in high-frequency plasma are described, in which a hard material layer based on carbide is deposited. This achieves good electrical conductivity and increased wear protection, but the carbide coating results in a relatively high coefficient of friction.
  • DE 10018143 discloses DLC layer systems with an adhesive layer of a transition layer and a cover layer, in which the cover layer contains exclusively carbon and hydrogen.
  • Coated tools are known from DE 4421144, in which a hard material layer made of metal carbide and then a free carbon-containing friction reduction layer based on tungsten carbide are first applied to increase the service life.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a copper-containing bearing material in which the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided and better service life compared to conventionally coated materials.
  • DLC diamond like carbon sliding or hard layers modified according to the invention, which are deposited on copper or copper alloys, it is possible to increase the hardness of the surface and thus the wear and abrasion resistance of the materials without their excellent quality Change tribological material properties significantly.
  • a hard layer with defined tribological properties is deposited using a process as described in more detail below, which leads to an extension of the service life of the bearing materials.
  • the layers are hard against the carrier material and thus protect it against abrasive wear.
  • these hard layers for example when used with steel as counter-rotating partner, have a low coefficient of friction and thus prevent an excessive increase in temperature when the surface is subjected to sliding or rolling loads.
  • electroplated bearing materials examples include Cr, Ni and CrNi layers which are applied in front of the support layer.
  • plasma CVD, PVD or PVD / CVD hybrid processes are particularly suitable for the deposition of DLC layers for the coating of copper materials.
  • Support layers which at least one metal Me from the elements of the IV, V, and VI subgroup of the periodic table of the elements (ie Ti, Zr, Hf; V, Nb, Ta; Cr, Mo, W) or Includes aluminum or Si, this adverse effect can be avoided.
  • Support layers have proven to be particularly advantageous which, in addition to the metallic phase, also contain a non-metal such as C, N, B, or 0 or Contain hard metal compounds with these non-metals.
  • the support layer systems TiN or Ti / TiN ie a metallic titanium layer with an adjoining titanium nitride hard layer
  • CrN or Cr / CrN, Cr x C ⁇ or Cr / Cr x C y , Cr x (CN) y are only examples here or Cr / Cr x (CN) y , TiAl or TiAlN and TiAl / TiAlN mentioned.
  • the support layer has a minimum layer thickness. This is mainly due to the one that occurs depending on the application
  • a layer thickness of at least 1 to approx. 3 ⁇ m is recommended.
  • larger layer thicknesses can also be advantageous.
  • the DLC sliding layer itself is therefore advantageously carried out as follows.
  • a metallic intermediate layer comprising at least one metal Me from the elements of the IV, V, VI subgroup, Al or Si is deposited directly on the support layer.
  • An intermediate layer consisting of the
  • Cr or Ti elements are used, which are known for this purpose have proven particularly suitable.
  • nitridic, carbidic, boridic or oxidic intermediate layers, or intermediate layers which use a mixture of one or more metals with one or more of the non-metals mentioned, which, if necessary, are built up on a metallic base layer with or without a graded transition could be.
  • transition layer in particular in the form of a gradient layer, in the course of which the metal content decreases and the C content increases perpendicular to the workpiece surface.
  • the increase in carbon can be achieved by increasing different carbidic phases, by increasing free carbon, or by mixing such phases with the metallic phase
  • the thickness of the gradient layer can, as is known to the person skilled in the art, be adjusted by setting suitable process ramps.
  • the increase in the C content or decrease in the metallic phase can take place continuously or in stages, furthermore a sequence of metal-rich and C-rich individual layers can also be provided in at least part of the gradient layer in order to further reduce layer stresses. Due to the mentioned configurations of the gradient layer, the material properties (e.g. modulus of elasticity, structure, etc.) of the support and DLC layers are essentially continuously adapted to one another and thus the risk of crack formation along an otherwise occurring metal or Si / DLC interface counteracted.
  • the end of the layer package is essentially composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen Layer formed with a greater layer thickness compared to the intermediate layer.
  • Such coatings are generally suitable for non-reworkable bearings with high specific loads and limited lubrication conditions, such as in the construction machinery industry or in engine construction.
  • the hardness of the entire DLC layer is set to a value greater than 15 GPa, preferably greater than or equal to 20 GPa, with an adhesive strength better or better even with layer thicknesses> 1 ⁇ m, preferably> 2 ⁇ m on a steel test specimen with a hardness of approx equal to HF 3, but preferably equal to HF 1 according to VDI 3824 sheet 4.
  • the present DLC layer is characterized by the low friction coefficients typical of DLC, preferably ⁇ ⁇ 0.3 in the pen / disk test.
  • the growth rate of the DLC layer in the coating process is around 1-3 ⁇ m / h and, in addition to the process parameters, also depends on the loading of the coating system and the mounting of the parts. In particular, this affects whether the parts to be coated are rotated 1, 2 or 3 times, on magnetic brackets, or clamped or plugged in. Also the
  • the overall mass and plasma consistency of the brackets is important. For example, with lightweight brackets, for example by using spoke plates instead of plates made of solid material, higher growth rates and an overall better layer quality are achieved.
  • the Layer voltage is then 1-4 GPa and thus in the usual range of hard DLC layers.
  • the coating is particularly suitable for plain bearings, since damage to the bearing, for example, can also be prevented by insufficient lubrication. Initial lubrication may even be sufficient.
  • Roughness (Rz) of the surface is therefore advantageously set to be less than or equal to a maximum of 4 ⁇ m.
  • Table 1 shows an example of profiles created by different processing of the surface, all of which have the same Rz value, namely 1 ⁇ m.
  • Profiles 5 and 7 show a particularly high load-bearing component.
  • the load-bearing component t p is therefore advantageously set at a cutting level of 0.75 ⁇ m between 60 to 98%, preferably between 75 and 95%, at a cutting level of 0.50 ⁇ m between 50 to 90% , preferably between 70 and 90%.
  • the application of the Cr adhesive layer is started by activating two Cr magnetron sputtering targets positioned at opposite points of the inside diameter of the vacuum coating system.
  • the Ar gas flow is set to 115 sccm.
  • the Cr sputter targets are with a
  • Power of 8 kW is controlled and the substrates are now rotated past the targets for a period of 6 min.
  • the resulting pressure range is between 10 ⁇ 3 mbar and 10 ⁇ 4 mbar.
  • the sputtering process occurs during the first three minutes supported by switching on the low-voltage arc and continuously by applying a negative DC bias voltage of 75 V to the substrate.
  • an additional plasma is ignited by switching on another bias voltage also applied to the workpiece holder with a bipolar pulse generator, acetylene gas is admitted with an initial pressure of 50 sccm and the flow is increased by 10 sccm every minute.
  • the bipolar pulse plasma generator is set at a frequency of 50 kHz to a pulse voltage of -900 V.
  • the generator is connected between the workpiece holders and the recipient's housing wall.
  • the Helmholtz coils attached to the recipient are both activated with a constant current flow of 2 A in the lower coil and 8 A in the upper coil.
  • the Cr targets With an acetylene flow of 230 sccm, the Cr targets are deactivated and the cover layer, which contains only carbon and hydrogen, is applied while observing the parameters given in Table 2.
  • a DLC sliding layer was applied to the support layer as described in Example 1.
  • the process parameters specified in Table 3 were used to deposit the support layer applied directly to the workpiece.
  • Test duration (including enema): 10 hours
  • Washer (counter body): 100 Cr6, 60-62 HRc, lapped, Rz approx. 1 ⁇ m, Ra approx. 0.7 ⁇ m
  • Lubricant flash lubrication: engine oil SAE30 Initial temperature: room temp. without cooling Measured quantities: frictional torque & wear (continuous, online) and light microscopic evaluation of the running surfaces after the test.
  • the product of pressure p and sliding speed v is significant for the assessment of the bearing load, p * v - values around 2 are usual orders of magnitude. If you increase one factor of the product, the other must be reduced accordingly to ensure a manageable run.
  • pressures of up to 200 MPa can be achieved.
  • Usual orders of magnitude of heavily loaded bearings such. B. in construction machines are 100 MPa.
  • Table 6 gives an overview of the tests in which a metal-containing DLC layer according to Examples 3 and 4 was applied to the coated panes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau pour palier, en cuivre ou en alliage à teneur en cuivre, destiné à être utilisé dans des paliers lisses présentant au moins une couche de recouvrement déposée sur des parties de la surface lisse, ladite couche étant composée d'au moins une couche de protection et d'une couche lisse, caractérisé en ce que la couche lisse est une couche dure et comprend du carbone du type diamant.
EP05731502A 2004-04-29 2005-04-22 Revetement en un materiau dur dlc sur des materiaux a teneur en cuivre pour paliers Withdrawn EP1769100A1 (fr)

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CH7512004 2004-04-29
CH8972004 2004-05-25
PCT/CH2005/000225 WO2005106065A1 (fr) 2004-04-29 2005-04-22 Revetement en un materiau dur dlc sur des materiaux a teneur en cuivre pour paliers

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US20050242156A1 (en) 2005-11-03

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