EP1820933A1 - Système de tunnellisation - Google Patents

Système de tunnellisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1820933A1
EP1820933A1 EP07250701A EP07250701A EP1820933A1 EP 1820933 A1 EP1820933 A1 EP 1820933A1 EP 07250701 A EP07250701 A EP 07250701A EP 07250701 A EP07250701 A EP 07250701A EP 1820933 A1 EP1820933 A1 EP 1820933A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnelling
tunnelling device
traction member
vacuum source
cutter blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07250701A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
John P. Doherty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOHERTY, JOHN P.
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1820933A1 publication Critical patent/EP1820933A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads
    • E21D9/113—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads having a central part for making a pilot tunnel and a follow-up part for enlarging the pilot tunnel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tunnelling system and in particular to a tunnelling system where a tunnelling device is pulled through the ground.
  • the present invention also relates to a tunnelling device suitable for use with such a system.
  • the cutter head typically comprises a hollow cylindrical body which is provided at its forward end with a rotatable cutter blade. In use, the blade breaks up the ground ahead of the of the cutter head. The broken up ground is typically removed by the recirculation of bentonite slurry through the cutter head. The slurry entrains the broken up ground and permits its removal from the tunnel.
  • a relatively complex slurry supply system must be provided. For example, the cutter head, and any intermediate spacers, require internal supply and return pipe work, and the slurry supply means require adequate filtration means to remove material entrained within the slurry.
  • tunnelling system including a tunnelling device comprising a hollow body having a longitudinal axis and a cutter blade mounted to a forward end of the body and rotatable about said axis, a traction member extending from the forward end of the tunnelling device and a jacking unit operable to pull and rotate the traction member to advance the tunnelling device, and a vacuum source connected to the tunnelling device and operable to remove material excavated by the tunnelling device.
  • the traction member is hollow and the vacuum source is connected to the traction member such that material excavated by the tunnelling device is removed through the traction member. The excavated material is thus removed through the traction member in the direction of travel of the tunnelling device.
  • the vacuum source is connected to a material removal conduit which extends from the rear of the tunnelling device. In such an embodiment the excavated material is removed through the material removal conduit in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the tunnelling device.
  • the jacking unit preferably includes a clamp arrangement operable to releasably grip the traction member.
  • the jacking unit may also include a drive means arranged to rotate the traction member when said member is gripped by the clamp arrangement.
  • the drive means may be arranged to rotate the clamp arrangement.
  • the jacking unit is preferably provided with at least one extensible ram. The ram is operable to move the jacking unit in a direction substantially parallel to a pulling axis. The pulling axis is aligned with a longitudinal axis of the traction member.
  • the traction member preferably includes a plurality of tubular members which are releasably connectable to one another.
  • the jacking unit may be provided with a draw bar which is releasably connectable to the traction member. The draw bar is arranged to be gripped and rotated by the clamp arrangement and drive means of the jacking unit respectively.
  • the tunnelling device may include a hollow body having a longitudinal axis and a shaft mounted cutter blade provided at a forward end of the body and rotatable about said axis, the body being provided with an end face wall at the forward end of the body having at least one aperture therein, the body further being provided with an internal chamber behind the end face wall having an outlet connectable, in use, to a vacuum source, wherein the outlet is defined by an aperture of the cutter blade shaft which is connectable to the traction member.
  • the outlet may be defined by an aperture in a wall of the internal chamber.
  • the outlet may be connected to a conduit extending to the rear of the tunnelling device.
  • the chamber is defined between the end face wall and an internal partition wall of the body.
  • the partition wall may be provided with an aperture to permit air to enter the chamber from the rear of the device.
  • the shaft may be provided with a blade or paddle operable to agitate material present within the chamber.
  • the device may be provided with a liquid conduit operable to convey liquid through the hollow body to the cutter blade.
  • the liquid conduit may be connected to a port or aperture provided in front end face of the body.
  • a tunnelling device including a hollow body having a longitudinal axis and a shaft mounted cutter blade provided at a forward end of the body and rotatable about said axis, the body being provided with an end face wall at the forward end of the body having at least one aperture therein, the body further being provided with an internal chamber behind the end face wall having an outlet connectable, in use to a vacuum source, and the cutter blade shaft is provided at its forward end with a connector arrangement to permit the releasable connection of a traction member thereto.
  • the cutter blade shaft amy be hollow and the outlet by an aperture of the cutter blade shaft.
  • the outlet may be defined by an aperture in the wall internal chamber.
  • the outlet may be connected to a conduit extending to the rear of the tunnelling device.
  • the chamber is defined between the end face wall and an internal partition wall of the body.
  • the partition wall may be provided with an aperture to permit air to enter the chamber from the rear of the device.
  • the shaft may be provided with a blade or paddle operable to agitate material present within the chamber.
  • the device may be provided with a liquid conduit operable to convey liquid through the hollow body to the cutter blade.
  • the liquid conduit may be connected to a port or aperture provided in front end face of the body.
  • the traction member is hollow and the vacuum source is connected to the tunnelling device through the traction member such that material excavated by the tunnelling device is removed through the traction member in the direction of travel of the tunnelling device.
  • the tunnelling device is provided with a material removal conduit which extends from the rear thereof and to which the vacuum source is connected, the material being excavated by the tunnelling device being removed through the material removal conduit in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the tunnelling device.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic representation of a system according to the present invention, generally designated 10, is shown in figure 1.
  • the system 10 includes a tunnelling device 12, an extraction unit 14 and a vacuum source 16.
  • the tunnelling device includes a substantially cylindrical body 18 having a cutter head 20 rotationally mounted thereto.
  • the cutter head 20 is cylindrical and of a diameter substantially equal to that of the body 18.
  • the cutter head 20 is provided with a plurality of teeth and/or blades 22 which are configured so as to break up earth ahead of the tunnelling device 12 as it moves through the ground 24.
  • the extraction unit 14 includes a body 26 having a clamp arrangement 28 and a pair of extensible rams 30.
  • the clamp arrangement 28 includes a drive means 34 which is operable to both open and close the clamp arrangement 28 and rotate the clamp arrangement 28 relative to the extraction unit body 26.
  • the body 26 is further provided with a conduit 32 extending therethrough.
  • the conduit 32 is configured so as to be able to receive therethrough a tube 36 extending from the tunnelling device 12 and hereinafter referred to as the traction member or tube 36.
  • the clamp arrangement 28 is positioned such that the conduit 32 and traction tube 36 extend therethrough.
  • the extensible rams 30 are provided on a side of the body 26 adjacent a wall 38 of a pit 40 within which the extraction unit 14 is located.
  • the rams 30 are connected to the to the wall 38 such that extension and retraction of the rams 30 causes movement of the extraction unit body 26 towards and away from the wall 38 as indicated by arrow 42.
  • the traction tube 36 is comprised of a number of tube sections 44 which are releasably secured to one another, for example by the provision of complementary male and female threaded connections between the tube sections 44.
  • the traction tube 36 is connected to the tunnelling device 12 such that rotation of the traction tube 36 causes rotation of the cutter head 20 as indicated by arrow 46. It will be appreciated that the cutter head 20 may also be rotated in the opposite direction.
  • the traction tube 36 is also connected to the tunnelling device such that the extraction unit 14 is able to draw the tunnelling device 12 through the ground 24 in the direction indicated by arrow 48. Operation of the extraction unit 14 will be described in greater detail below.
  • the vacuum source 16 is connected to the end 50 of the traction tube 36 remote from the tunnelling device 12 via a suction tube 52.
  • the suction tube 52 is connected to the traction tube 36 via a coupling 54 which is able to accommodate the rotation of the traction tube 36 resulting from the operation of the extraction unit 14.
  • the suction tube 52 is also movable so as to be able to accommodate the longitudinal movement of the traction tube end 50 as a result of the operation of the extraction unit 14.
  • the suction tube 52 may comprise a flexible hose.
  • the pits comprise a launch pit 56 and a retrieval pit 40.
  • the launch pit 56 is arranged to receive and accommodate the tunnelling device 12, while the retrieval pit 40 accommodates the extraction unit 14.
  • a pilot tunnel 58 having a diameter slightly greater than the traction tube 36 is excavated between the pits 40, 56.
  • the traction tube 36 is then fed through the pilot tunnel 58 from the retrieval pit 40 to the launch pit 56 and connected to the tunnelling device 12.
  • the traction tube 36 is also connected to the suction tube 52.
  • the retrieval pit end of the traction tube 36 is gripped by the clamp arrangement 28 of the extraction unit 14 and the drive means 34 operated to rotate the clamp arrangement 28 and traction tube 36. In this manner the cutter head 20 of the tunnelling device 12 is caused to rotate.
  • the extensible rams 30 of the extraction unit 14 are then operated to move the unit 14 away from the wall 38 of the retrieval pit 40 and draw the traction tube 36 through the pilot tunnel 58.
  • the tunnelling device 12 is thus drawn towards the wall 60 of the launch pit 56 in the direction of the retrieval pit 40.
  • the rotation of the cutter head 20 causes the break up of the ground 24 ahead of the device 12.
  • the stroke of the extensible rams 30 is significantly less than the length of the pilot tunnel 58.
  • the vacuum source 16 is operable in order to remove the ground broken up by the cutter head 20.
  • the source is activated shortly before the cutter head 20 contacts the launch pit wall 60. Material is drawn through the traction tube 36 and into the suction tube 52 before being either stored in or ejected from the vacuum source 16. It will be appreciated that continued operation of the extraction unit 14 results in the traction tube 36 extending rearwardly of the extraction unit 14. Redundant sections 44 of the traction tube 26 can be removed once they have cleared the rear of the extraction unit 14. It will be understood that this will necessitate the disconnection and subsequent reconnection of the suction tube coupling 54 to the traction tube 36.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutter apparatus, generally designated 12, according to an aspect of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 12 includes a substantially circular tubular body 18 having a substantially circular front end face wall 62.
  • the apparatus 12 further includes a rotatable cutter 20 mounted ahead of the end face wall 62.
  • the cutter 20 is mounted to a shaft 64 which extends through the end face wall 62 and is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the body 18.
  • the shaft 64 is provided at its forward end 66 with a drive connection to which a section of traction tube 36 can be connected to effect rotation of the cutter 20.
  • Within the body 18 there is provided a chamber 68 which is defined between the end face wall 62 and an internal partition wall 70 of the body 18.
  • the front end face wall 62 is provided with a plurality of apertures 72 through which material loosened by the cutter 20 can pass as indicated by arrows 74.
  • the partition wall 70 is provided with a plurality of apertures 76 through which air can pass as indicated by arrows 78.
  • the shaft 64 has a hollow core 80 and is provided with apertures 82 which are open to the chamber 68.
  • the apparatus 12 may optionally be provided with a water feed line 88 to the front end face wall 62 as indicated by broken lines.
  • the feed line 88 may be utilised to inject water onto and around the cutter 66 to assist in excavation work.
  • the shaft 64 may optionally be provided with a stirrer or paddle 90 located within the chamber 68 to agitate material contained therein and hence reduce the possibility of blockages forming in the chamber 68 or further downstream in the shaft 64 or traction tube 36.
  • FIG. 1 there are shown alternative embodiments of a tunnelling system, generally designated 100, and a tunnelling device generally designated 120.
  • the system 100 differs in that the vacuum source 16 is connected to the rear of the tunnelling device 120.
  • the connection between the device 120 and the source 16 is made via a hose or tube 102.
  • the hose or tube 120 connects to a conduit 104 provided in the tunnelling device 120 which extends rearwardly from the chamber 68.
  • the conduit 104 extends rearwardly from an aperture 106 provided in the partition wall 70 of the chamber 68.
  • the extraction unit 14 differs in that it is provided with a draw bar 108 which is arranged to be gripped by the clamp arrangement 28 and rotated by the drive means 34.
  • the draw bar 108 may be arranged to be moved internally by the extraction unit 14 in the directions indicated by arrow 42.
  • the operative stroke of the extraction unit 14 and draw bar 108 is at least equal to the length of one of the tube sections 44 of the traction tube 36. In use, a full section 44 can be drawn into the pit 40 and then disconnected from the tube 36 and draw bar 108.
  • the draw bar 108 is then reattached to the tube 36 and the extraction unit 14 operated to extract another pipe section 44. It will be appreciated that in the system 100 of figures 4 to 6 the material excavated by the tunnelling device 120 is removed from the device 120 in a direction opposite to the direction of travel of the device 120.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
EP07250701A 2006-02-21 2007-02-20 Système de tunnellisation Withdrawn EP1820933A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0603447A GB2435276A (en) 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 Tunnelling system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1820933A1 true EP1820933A1 (fr) 2007-08-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07250701A Withdrawn EP1820933A1 (fr) 2006-02-21 2007-02-20 Système de tunnellisation

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EP (1) EP1820933A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2435276A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2863003A3 (fr) * 2013-10-15 2016-01-13 TERRA AG für Tiefbautecknik Outil et dispositif d'agrandissement d'un passage existant dans le sol

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4384624A (en) * 1981-02-25 1983-05-24 Duke John W Earth boring head
US4453603A (en) * 1980-12-09 1984-06-12 Voss Development Corporation Apparatus and method for selected path drilling
US5230388A (en) * 1991-11-08 1993-07-27 Cherrington Corporation Method and apparatus for cleaning a bore hole using a rotary pump
EP0578034A1 (fr) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-12 Tracto-Technik Paul Schmidt Spezialmaschinen Kg Procédé et dispositif pour le forage d'un trou dans le sol
US5375669A (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-12-27 Cherrington Corporation Method and apparatus for cleaning a borehole
WO2000050797A1 (fr) * 1999-02-24 2000-08-31 Yarra Valley Water Limited Procede d'evacuation ameliore
JP2003035094A (ja) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-07 Toyo Denki Industrial Co Ltd 泥濃式推進工法及び泥濃式推進装置
US6926100B1 (en) 2002-03-12 2005-08-09 Xtech Industries International, Inc. Hole reaming apparatus and method

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684834A (en) * 1950-10-07 1954-07-27 Clare G Miller Horizontal boring machine
WO1988002435A1 (fr) * 1986-09-24 1988-04-07 G. Pezzimenti & Sons Pty. Ltd. Appareil de forage
SE507665C2 (sv) * 1994-02-02 1998-06-29 Disab Vacuum Technology Ab Anordning, förfarande och borrhuvud för torr fullareaborrning
AU2002953110A0 (en) * 2002-12-05 2002-12-19 Rod Davies Infrastructure Pty. Ltd. Boring machine

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4453603A (en) * 1980-12-09 1984-06-12 Voss Development Corporation Apparatus and method for selected path drilling
US4384624A (en) * 1981-02-25 1983-05-24 Duke John W Earth boring head
US5230388A (en) * 1991-11-08 1993-07-27 Cherrington Corporation Method and apparatus for cleaning a bore hole using a rotary pump
EP0578034A1 (fr) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-12 Tracto-Technik Paul Schmidt Spezialmaschinen Kg Procédé et dispositif pour le forage d'un trou dans le sol
US5375669A (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-12-27 Cherrington Corporation Method and apparatus for cleaning a borehole
WO2000050797A1 (fr) * 1999-02-24 2000-08-31 Yarra Valley Water Limited Procede d'evacuation ameliore
JP2003035094A (ja) * 2001-07-25 2003-02-07 Toyo Denki Industrial Co Ltd 泥濃式推進工法及び泥濃式推進装置
US6926100B1 (en) 2002-03-12 2005-08-09 Xtech Industries International, Inc. Hole reaming apparatus and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2863003A3 (fr) * 2013-10-15 2016-01-13 TERRA AG für Tiefbautecknik Outil et dispositif d'agrandissement d'un passage existant dans le sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0603447D0 (en) 2006-04-05
GB2435276A (en) 2007-08-22

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