EP1846435A1 - Composés en série triterpènes tétracycliques, leurs procédés de préparation, leurs applications comme médicaments et les composés pharmaceutiques les renfermant - Google Patents
Composés en série triterpènes tétracycliques, leurs procédés de préparation, leurs applications comme médicaments et les composés pharmaceutiques les renfermantInfo
- Publication number
- EP1846435A1 EP1846435A1 EP06707715A EP06707715A EP1846435A1 EP 1846435 A1 EP1846435 A1 EP 1846435A1 EP 06707715 A EP06707715 A EP 06707715A EP 06707715 A EP06707715 A EP 06707715A EP 1846435 A1 EP1846435 A1 EP 1846435A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- alkyl
- formula
- phenyl
- hydrogen atom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 176
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title description 7
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- -1 triterpene alkaloid Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 540
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 393
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 108
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 83
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 49
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 108010022752 Acetylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940022698 acetylcholinesterase Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dess–martin periodinane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2I(OC(=O)C)(OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001428 peripheral nervous system Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000026139 Memory disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010374 Down Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010008674 Cholinergic syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010012218 Delirium Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000030886 Traumatic Brain injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010044688 Trisomy 21 Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000004810 Vascular dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000842 neuromuscular blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001242 postsynaptic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009529 traumatic brain injury Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001656913 Buxus balearica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000009829 Lewy Body Disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000002832 Lewy body dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010028372 Muscular weakness Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036473 myasthenia Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000021962 pH elevation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000012440 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000815 N-oxide group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 176
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 127
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 107
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 79
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 68
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 61
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 50
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 50
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 46
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 45
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 41
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 34
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 28
- 102100033639 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 26
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- PRJHEJGMSOBHTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methyl-8-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1CN1C=2C(=O)N(CCCO)C(=O)N(C)C=2N=C1OC1=CC=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=C1 PRJHEJGMSOBHTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- BOLMDIXLULGTBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydro-2h-oxazine Chemical group C1CC=CON1 BOLMDIXLULGTBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 15
- DIXMBHMNEHPFCX-MCMMXHMISA-N (2r)-2-[5-[6-amino-5-[(1r)-1-[5-fluoro-2-(triazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethoxy]pyridin-3-yl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound O([C@H](C)C=1C(=CC=C(F)C=1)N1N=CC=N1)C(C(=NC=1)N)=CC=1C=1SC([C@](C)(O)CO)=NC=1C DIXMBHMNEHPFCX-MCMMXHMISA-N 0.000 description 13
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- CFFOLZDPLGQDRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N S.I.I Chemical compound S.I.I CFFOLZDPLGQDRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 108010053652 Butyrylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 102100032404 Cholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 10
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 9
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 8
- ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N galanthamine Chemical compound O1C(=C23)C(OC)=CC=C2CN(C)CC[C@]23[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)C=C2 ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002466 imines Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000208197 Buxus Species 0.000 description 7
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 7
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 5
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002232 neuromuscular Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JYWKEVKEKOTYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-chloroiminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical compound ClN=C1C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C1 JYWKEVKEKOTYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HPOIPOPJGBKXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dimethoxy-10-methyl-galantham-1-ene Natural products O1C(C(=CC=2)OC)=C3C=2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(OC)C=C2 HPOIPOPJGBKXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPCKPBWOSNVCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlidanthine Natural products O1C(C(=CC=2)O)=C3C=2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(OC)C=C2 LPCKPBWOSNVCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000544 cholinesterase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N donepezil Chemical compound O=C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CC1CC(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960003980 galantamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BGLNUNCBNALFOZ-WMLDXEAASA-N galanthamine Natural products COc1ccc2CCCC[C@@]34C=CCC[C@@H]3Oc1c24 BGLNUNCBNALFOZ-WMLDXEAASA-N 0.000 description 4
- ASUTZQLVASHGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N galanthamine hydrochloride Natural products O1C(=C23)C(OC)=CC=C2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(O)C=C2 ASUTZQLVASHGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 4
- IYVSXSLYJLAZAT-NOLJZWGESA-N lycoramine Natural products CN1CC[C@@]23CC[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2Oc4cccc(C1)c34 IYVSXSLYJLAZAT-NOLJZWGESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000000715 neuromuscular junction Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960001685 tacrine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tacrine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(CCCC3)C3=NC2=C1 YLJREFDVOIBQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(Cl)=O JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000013455 Amyloid beta-Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010090849 Amyloid beta-Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 102000019315 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108050006807 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTSDKFPTCHQXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl)methanamine Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(N)[Si](C)(C)C RTSDKFPTCHQXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009782 synaptic response Effects 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-DABA Natural products NCCC(N)C(O)=O OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YONLFQNRGZXBBF-ZIAGYGMSSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-dibenzoyloxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YONLFQNRGZXBBF-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGZVFRAEAAXREB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)(C)C PGZVFRAEAAXREB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVTJUIAKQFIXCE-HUKYDQBMSA-N 2-amino-9-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4-fluoro-3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7-prop-2-ynyl-1H-purine-6,8-dione Chemical group NC=1NC(C=2N(C(N(C=2N=1)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)F)CO)=O)CC#C)=O TVTJUIAKQFIXCE-HUKYDQBMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 2
- BQXUPNKLZNSUMC-YUQWMIPFSA-N CCN(CCCCCOCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1C[C@H](O)C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)c1ccc(cc1)-c1scnc1C)C(C)(C)C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1c(sc2cc(O)ccc12)-c1ccc(O)cc1 Chemical compound CCN(CCCCCOCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1C[C@H](O)C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)c1ccc(cc1)-c1scnc1C)C(C)(C)C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1c(sc2cc(O)ccc12)-c1ccc(O)cc1 BQXUPNKLZNSUMC-YUQWMIPFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- PIJVFDBKTWXHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Physostigmine Natural products C12=CC(OC(=O)NC)=CC=C2N(C)C2C1(C)CCN2C PIJVFDBKTWXHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N Rivastigmine Chemical compound CCN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC([C@H](C)N(C)C)=C1 XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001713 cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125810 compound 20 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125851 compound 27 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmpu Chemical compound CN1CCCN(C)C1=O GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007831 electrophysiology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002001 electrophysiology Methods 0.000 description 2
- DUYAAUVXQSMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethioic S-acid Chemical compound CC(S)=O DUYAAUVXQSMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N gtpl8555 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](B1O[C@@]2(C)[C@H]3C[C@H](C3(C)C)C[C@H]2O1)CCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUGYDGFZZOZRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N memantine Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3(C)CC1(C)CC2(N)C3 BUGYDGFZZOZRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004640 memantine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N muconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC=CC(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010028417 myasthenia gravis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007830 nerve conduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007383 nerve stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027232 peripheral nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIJVFDBKTWXHHD-HIFRSBDPSA-N physostigmine Chemical compound C12=CC(OC(=O)NC)=CC=C2N(C)[C@@H]2[C@@]1(C)CCN2C PIJVFDBKTWXHHD-HIFRSBDPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001697 physostigmine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N (1R,3R)-3-[[3-bromo-1-[4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)phenyl]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]amino]-N,1-dimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound BrC1=NN(C2=NC(=NC=C21)N[C@H]1C[C@@](CC1)(C(=O)NC)C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=1SC(=NN=1)C ASGMFNBUXDJWJJ-JLCFBVMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,15S,18S,21R)-10,11,21-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-14-methylidene-4-(prop-2-enylamino)-20-oxa-5-thia-3-azahexacyclo[9.7.2.112,15.01,9.02,6.012,18]henicosa-2(6),3-dien-13-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@]23C(C1=C)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]12C(N=C(NCC=C)S4)=C4CC(C)(C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@]3(O)OC2 UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-6-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4[C@@H](F)C3)C)(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2([C@@]1(C1)C(=O)CO)C)N1CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N (1r,2r,4r)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-n-[(4-chlorophenyl)-(2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl]-4-morpholin-4-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(F)=CC(C(NC(=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@@H](CC2)N2CCOCC2)C=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJLIKUSWRSEPSM-WGQQHEPDSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-amino-8-[(4-phenylphenyl)methylamino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1CNC1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O YJLIKUSWRSEPSM-WGQQHEPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAFZOLYKKCWUBI-HPMAGDRPSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-1-[(2s)-3-amino-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-(3-cyclohexylpropanoylamino)-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-methylhexanoyl]amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]butanediamide Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N)=O)C(=O)CCC1CCCCC1 KAFZOLYKKCWUBI-HPMAGDRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIJSPAIQWVPKQZ-BLECARSGSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-acetamido-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4,4-dimethylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(C)=O VIJSPAIQWVPKQZ-BLECARSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPJGEESDHAUUQR-SKGSPYGFSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[(2s)-1-[(2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-3-naphthalen-2-yl-2-(3-pyridin-3-ylpropanoylamino)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]amino]buta Chemical compound NC(=O)C[C@@H](C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)NC(=O)CCC=1C=NC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HPJGEESDHAUUQR-SKGSPYGFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N (2s)-2-[[2-benzyl-3-[hydroxy-[(1r)-2-phenyl-1-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)ethyl]phosphoryl]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)O)C(=O)C(CP(O)(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WWTBZEKOSBFBEM-SPWPXUSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJIOTBMDLVHTBO-CUYJMHBOSA-N (2s)-2-amino-n-[(1r,2r)-1-cyano-2-[4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonylphenyl]phenyl]cyclopropyl]butanamide Chemical compound CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@]1(C#N)C[C@@H]1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)N2CCN(C)CC2)C=C1 LJIOTBMDLVHTBO-CUYJMHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STBLNCCBQMHSRC-BATDWUPUSA-N (2s)-n-[(3s,4s)-5-acetyl-7-cyano-4-methyl-1-[(2-methylnaphthalen-1-yl)methyl]-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodiazepin-3-yl]-2-(methylamino)propanamide Chemical compound O=C1[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC)[C@H](C)N(C(C)=O)C2=CC(C#N)=CC=C2N1CC1=C(C)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 STBLNCCBQMHSRC-BATDWUPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWZSHWBGHQBIML-ZGGLMWTQSA-N (3S,8S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-isoquinolin-7-yl-N,N,10,13-tetramethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-amine Chemical compound CN(C)[C@H]1CC[C@]2(C)C3CC[C@@]4(C)[C@@H](CC[C@@H]4c4ccc5ccncc5c4)[C@@H]3CC=C2C1 IWZSHWBGHQBIML-ZGGLMWTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOKAZRDERJMRCJ-KOUAFAAESA-N (3r)-7-[(1s,2s,4ar,6s,8s)-2,6-dimethyl-8-[(2s)-2-methylbutanoyl]oxy-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxoheptanoic acid Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@H](CCC(=O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C2[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]21 OOKAZRDERJMRCJ-KOUAFAAESA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUWSZNZAROKDRZ-RRLWZMAJSA-N (3r,4r)-3-azaniumyl-5-[[(2s,3r)-1-[(2s)-2,3-dicarboxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxo-4-sulfanylpentane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC[C@@H](N)[C@@H](S)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N1CCC(C(O)=O)[C@H]1C(O)=O HUWSZNZAROKDRZ-RRLWZMAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPDDTAJMJCESGV-CTUHWIOQSA-M (3r,5r)-7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[methyl-[(1r)-1-phenylethyl]carbamoyl]-4-propan-2-ylpyrazol-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoate Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C)N(C)C(=O)C2=NN(C(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)=C2C(C)C)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 MPDDTAJMJCESGV-CTUHWIOQSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DMQYDVBIPXAAJA-VHXPQNKSSA-N (3z)-5-[(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)amino]-3-[(3-fluorophenyl)-(5-methyl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)methylidene]-1h-indol-2-one Chemical compound C1CN(CC)CCC1NC1=CC=C(NC(=O)\C2=C(/C=3NC=C(C)N=3)C=3C=C(F)C=CC=3)C2=C1 DMQYDVBIPXAAJA-VHXPQNKSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOLCUFKJHSQMEL-BIXPGCQOSA-N (4-butylcyclohexyl) N-[(2S)-4-methyl-1-oxo-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl]amino]pentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound CCCCC1CCC(CC1)OC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2CCNC2=O)C=O FOLCUFKJHSQMEL-BIXPGCQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQOLEILXOBUDMU-KRWDZBQOSA-N (4R)-5-[(6-bromo-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylquinoline-4-carbonyl)amino]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)pentanoic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C2=C(C=CC(=C2)Br)N=C1N3CCCC3)C(=O)NC[C@H](CCC(=O)O)C4=CC=CC=C4Cl YQOLEILXOBUDMU-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUDZSIYXZUYWSC-DBRKOABJSA-N (4r)-1-[(2r,4r,5r)-3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1,3-diazinan-2-one Chemical compound FC1(F)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)N[C@H](O)CC1 VUDZSIYXZUYWSC-DBRKOABJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRJJJAKBRKABFA-TYFAACHXSA-N (4r,6s)-6-[(e)-2-[6-chloro-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-propan-2-ylquinolin-3-yl]ethenyl]-4-hydroxyoxan-2-one Chemical compound C(\[C@H]1OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C1)=C/C=1C(C(C)C)=NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 FRJJJAKBRKABFA-TYFAACHXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUEGYUOUAAVYAS-JGGQBBKZSA-N (6ar,9s,10ar)-9-(dimethylsulfamoylamino)-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-4h-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC([C@H]2C[C@@H](CN(C)[C@@H]2C2)NS(=O)(=O)N(C)C)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 VUEGYUOUAAVYAS-JGGQBBKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBTROWHSMGZXCV-RQURQNPSSA-N (6r,7r)-1-[(4s,5r)-4-acetyloxy-5-methyl-3-methylidene-6-phenylhexyl]-4,7-dihydroxy-6-(11-phenoxyundecoxy)-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)C(=C)CCC12[C@@H]([C@@H](OCCCCCCCCCCCOC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(O1)(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O2)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QBTROWHSMGZXCV-RQURQNPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXKLQDCALAWFIU-VKNDCNMPSA-N (6r,7r)-1-[(4s,5r)-4-acetyloxy-5-methyl-3-methylidene-6-phenylhexyl]-4,7-dihydroxy-6-tetradecoxy-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)C(=C)CCC12[C@H](O)[C@H](C(O2)(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 UXKLQDCALAWFIU-VKNDCNMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGNCBRNRHXEODV-XXVHXNRLSA-N (6r,7r)-1-[(4s,5r)-4-acetyloxy-5-methyl-3-methylidene-6-phenylhexyl]-6-dodecoxy-4,7-dihydroxy-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)C(=C)CCC12[C@H](O)[C@H](C(O2)(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 VGNCBRNRHXEODV-XXVHXNRLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIRFKRKDYVZWDV-NGIBKMLLSA-N (8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17s)-17-ethyl-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-one Chemical compound C1CC2CCCC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](CC)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O DIRFKRKDYVZWDV-NGIBKMLLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N (S)-2-methylbutyric acid Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)C(O)=O WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHOHZHTZXRVRJ-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-n-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(\C=C\C(=O)NC=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=C(OC)C=2)=C1 LVHOHZHTZXRVRJ-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGVKWAAPMVVTFX-BUHFOSPRSA-N (e)-octadec-5-en-7,9-diynoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC#CC#C\C=C\CCCC(O)=O IGVKWAAPMVVTFX-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N (z)-3-[3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-n'-pyrazin-2-ylprop-2-enehydrazide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C2=NN(\C=C/C(=O)NNC=3N=CC=NC=3)C=N2)=C1 DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKHFRAFPESRGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethyl-7-[3-(n-methylanilino)propyl]purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1=NC=2N(C)C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=2N1CCCN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KKHFRAFPESRGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQZLRWGGWXJPOS-NLFPWZOASA-N 1-[(1R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-6-[(4S,5R)-4-[(2S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-5-methylcyclohexen-1-yl]pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=C(C=CC(=C1)Cl)[C@@H](C)N1N=C(C=2C1=NC(=CN=2)C1=CC[C@@H]([C@@H](C1)C)N1[C@@H](CCC1)CO)C#N KQZLRWGGWXJPOS-NLFPWZOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QXOGPTXQGKQSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-4-[4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanylanilino]-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound Cc1ccc(Sc2ccc(Nc3cc(c(N)c4C(=O)c5ccccc5C(=O)c34)S(O)(=O)=O)cc2)cc1C QXOGPTXQGKQSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGFNXGPBPIJYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-difluoro-3-[(3-fluorophenyl)sulfonylamino]-n-(3-methoxy-1h-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=C2C(OC)=NNC2=NC=C1NC(=O)C(C=1F)=C(F)C=CC=1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 WGFNXGPBPIJYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQMZXMVHHKXGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-adamantyl)-n-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]quinolin-5-yl]acetamide Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2CC13CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=NC(NCCNCCO)=CC=C21 FQMZXMVHHKXGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKKJYDOHVKIIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(3-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-N-pyridin-3-ylacetamide Chemical compound ClC=1C=C(C(=O)C2=CC=C(OCC(=O)NC=3C=NC=CC=3)C=C2)C=CC=1 KKKJYDOHVKIIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYRKKGOKRMZEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-(2-cyclopropylethoxy)-9-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-1h-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl]-5-fluorobenzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC(CC(C)(O)C)=CC=C3C=3NC(C=4C(=CC(F)=CC=4C#N)C#N)=NC=3C2=CC=C1OCCC1CC1 PYRKKGOKRMZEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMKGJQHNYMWDFJ-CVEARBPZSA-N 2-[[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)pyrimidin-5-yl]methylamino]-4-[[(1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl]amino]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound FC(COC1=NC=NC=C1CNC1=NC=C(C(=N1)N[C@H]1CC([C@H](CC1)O)(C)C)C#N)(C)F FMKGJQHNYMWDFJ-CVEARBPZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVCMGAUPZIKYTH-VGHSCWAPSA-N 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid;[(2s,3r)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-methyl-1,2-diphenylbutan-2-yl] propanoate;1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O.CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C.C([C@](OC(=O)CC)([C@H](C)CN(C)C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VVCMGAUPZIKYTH-VGHSCWAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHASZEBEQGPCFM-CJFMBICVSA-N 2-amino-4-[(1r)-1-[[(6r)-6-[(5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-7-oxo-3-(phenoxyamino)-5,6-dihydro-2h-1,4-diazepine-1-carbonyl]amino]propyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]1CNC(CN(C1=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC)C=1C=C(N)C(C(O)=O)=CC=1)=NOC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC LHASZEBEQGPCFM-CJFMBICVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFOIDLOIBZFWDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-[6-methoxy-4-[(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)methoxy]-1-benzofuran-2-yl]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole Chemical compound N1=C2SC(OC)=NN2C=C1C(OC1=CC(OC)=C2)=CC1=C2OCC(C=1)=CC=CC=1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 LFOIDLOIBZFWDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWDVCHRYCKXEBY-LBPRGKRZSA-N 3-chloro-n-[2-oxo-2-[[(1s)-1-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl]benzamide Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 MWDVCHRYCKXEBY-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006201 3-phenylpropyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WYFCZWSWFGJODV-MIANJLSGSA-N 4-[[(1s)-2-[(e)-3-[3-chloro-2-fluoro-6-(tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl]prop-2-enoyl]-5-(4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinoline-1-carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid Chemical compound O=C1CN(C)CCN1C1=CC=CC2=C1CCN(C(=O)\C=C\C=1C(=CC=C(Cl)C=1F)N1N=NN=C1)[C@@H]2C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 WYFCZWSWFGJODV-MIANJLSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STABAPSYCQFWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 STABAPSYCQFWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQAZPZIYEOGZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethyl-n-[4-(3-ethynylanilino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yl]piperazine-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1CN(CC)CCN1C(=O)NC(C(=CC1=NC=N2)OC)=CC1=C2NC1=CC=CC(C#C)=C1 DQAZPZIYEOGZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSIWALKZYXPAGW-NSHDSACASA-N 6-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-7-[(1s)-1-(7h-purin-6-ylamino)ethyl]-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one Chemical compound C=1([C@@H](NC=2C=3N=CNC=3N=CN=2)C)N=C2SC=C(C)N2C(=O)C=1C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 RSIWALKZYXPAGW-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124596 AChE inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100022548 Beta-hexosaminidase subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003174 Brain Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JQUCWIWWWKZNCS-LESHARBVSA-N C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)NC=1SC[C@H]2[C@@](N1)(CO[C@H](C2)C)C=2SC=C(N2)NC(=O)C2=NC=C(C=C2)OC(F)F Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)NC=1SC[C@H]2[C@@](N1)(CO[C@H](C2)C)C=2SC=C(N2)NC(=O)C2=NC=C(C=C2)OC(F)F JQUCWIWWWKZNCS-LESHARBVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000700198 Cavia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940126657 Compound 17 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126639 Compound 33 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127007 Compound 39 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125761 Compound 6g Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032131 Diabetic Neuropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000277303 Electrophorus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001331845 Equus asinus x caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- HSWVJQBEXRKOBZ-QGZVFWFLSA-N FC1=C(OC2CCN(CC2)C=2N=C3C(=NC=2N[C@H]2COCC2)CN(CC3)C(C)=O)C=CC(=C1)F Chemical compound FC1=C(OC2CCN(CC2)C=2N=C3C(=NC=2N[C@H]2COCC2)CN(CC3)C(C)=O)C=CC(=C1)F HSWVJQBEXRKOBZ-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N Muconic acid Natural products OC(=O)\C=C/C=C\C(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVDRREOUMKACNJ-BKMJKUGQSA-N N-[(2R,3S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(1,4-dimethyl-2-oxoquinolin-7-yl)-6-oxopiperidin-3-yl]-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CC(C)CS(=O)(=O)N[C@H]1CCC(=O)N([C@@H]1c1ccc(Cl)cc1)c1ccc2c(C)cc(=O)n(C)c2c1 LVDRREOUMKACNJ-BKMJKUGQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N N-{[3-(2-benzamido-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}-G-dR-G-dD-dD-dD-NH2 Chemical compound S1C(C=2NN=C(C=2)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(N)=O)=C(C)N=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOVYHDHLFPKQQG-NDEPHWFRSA-N N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N1CCC(CC1)NC1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC(NCC2=CN(CCCNCCCNC3CCCCC3)N=N2)=N1)C(O)=O Chemical compound N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N1CCC(CC1)NC1=C2C=CC=CC2=NC(NCC2=CN(CCCNCCCNC3CCCCC3)N=N2)=N1)C(O)=O QOVYHDHLFPKQQG-NDEPHWFRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282579 Pan Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNUZDKCDAWUEGK-CYZMBNFOSA-N Sitafloxacin Chemical compound C([C@H]1N)N(C=2C(=C3C(C(C(C(O)=O)=CN3[C@H]3[C@H](C3)F)=O)=CC=2F)Cl)CC11CC1 PNUZDKCDAWUEGK-CYZMBNFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000022292 Tay-Sachs disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPXSEZMVRJLHQG-XMMPIXPASA-N [(2R)-1-[[4-[(3-phenylmethoxyphenoxy)methyl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]methanol Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC=1C=C(OCC2=CC=C(CN3[C@H](CCC3)CO)C=C2)C=CC=1 SPXSEZMVRJLHQG-XMMPIXPASA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOSLINNLJFQMFF-XMMPIXPASA-N [(2R)-1-[[4-[[3-[(4-fluorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]phenoxy]methyl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]methanol Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(CSC=2C=C(OCC3=CC=C(CN4[C@H](CCC4)CO)C=C3)C=CC=2)C=C1 IOSLINNLJFQMFF-XMMPIXPASA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNUFLCYMSVYYNW-ZPJMAFJPSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[[(3s,5s,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2r)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4,5-disulfo Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4CC[C@@H]([C@]4(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H]1O[C@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O LNUFLCYMSVYYNW-ZPJMAFJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRTPVONNQPWNRH-YUMQZZPRSA-N [(2s)-2-methylbutanoyl] (2s)-2-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC WRTPVONNQPWNRH-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSLUFJFHTBIXMW-WYEYVKMPSA-N [(3r,4ar,5s,6s,6as,10s,10ar,10bs)-3-ethenyl-10,10b-dihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-6-(2-pyridin-2-ylethylcarbamoyloxy)-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2h-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl] acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@]2(O[C@](C)(CC(=O)[C@]2(O)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]21)C=C)C)OC(=O)C)C(=O)NCCC1=CC=CC=N1 PSLUFJFHTBIXMW-WYEYVKMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N [[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(2,6-dioxo-3H-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-fluoro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)C2C=CC(=O)NC2=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](F)[C@@H]1O SMNRFWMNPDABKZ-WVALLCKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039856 aricept Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021311 artificial sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003376 axonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJMZWYURQZUXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-yl-chloro-dimethylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl RJMZWYURQZUXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009460 calcium influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006949 cholinergic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126086 compound 21 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126208 compound 22 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125877 compound 31 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125878 compound 36 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127573 compound 38 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126540 compound 41 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125844 compound 46 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127271 compound 49 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127113 compound 57 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125900 compound 59 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125801 compound 7f Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940042935 dichlorodifluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940087091 dichlorotetrafluoroethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXGAKHNRMVGRPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium;dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O GXGAKHNRMVGRPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003530 donepezil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GWNFQAKCJYEJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-[8-[[4-methyl-5-[(3-methyl-4-oxophthalazin-1-yl)methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]octanoylamino]benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC(NC(=O)CCCCCCCSC2=NN=C(CC3=NN(C)C(=O)C4=CC=CC=C34)N2C)=CC=C1 GWNFQAKCJYEJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940108366 exelon Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000720 eyelash Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004688 heptahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003919 heteronuclear multiple bond coherence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001052 heteronuclear multiple bond coherence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003929 heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)C LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- RENRQMCACQEWFC-UGKGYDQZSA-N lnp023 Chemical compound C1([C@H]2N(CC=3C=4C=CNC=4C(C)=CC=3OC)CC[C@@H](C2)OCC)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 RENRQMCACQEWFC-UGKGYDQZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099273 magnesium trisilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000386 magnesium trisilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019793 magnesium trisilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BGXZIBSLBRKDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 9-(4-chloroanilino)-[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-f]quinazoline-2-carboximidate Chemical compound C12=C3SC(C(=N)OC)=NC3=CC=C2N=CN=C1NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 BGXZIBSLBRKDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001087 myotubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JEUXZUSUYIHGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylethanamine;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCN(CC)CC JEUXZUSUYIHGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHHRKRGXWSEXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-[[2-[(2,3,4-trifluorophenoxy)methyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-4-yl]oxy]propan-1-amine Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=CC=C1OCC(OC1=CC=C2)=NC1=C2OCCCNCC1=CC=CN=C1 PHHRKRGXWSEXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHVXTQIROLEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-4-[[3-(2-methylphenyl)piperidin-1-yl]methyl]-n-pyrrolidin-3-ylbenzamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C1CN(CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(=O)N(CCC=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)C2CNCC2)CCC1 PHVXTQIROLEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCSBCWXPGSPJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[5-[3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]butyl]-4-(1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)butanamide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1C(O1)=NN=C1CCCCNC(=O)CCCC1=CC=C(C=CC=N2)C2=N1 RCSBCWXPGSPJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- HBEDNENASUYMPO-LJQANCHMSA-N n-hydroxy-4-[[(2r)-3-oxo-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dihydroquinoxalin-1-yl]methyl]benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)NO)=CC=C1CN1C2=CC=CC=C2NC(=O)[C@H]1CC1=CC=CS1 HBEDNENASUYMPO-LJQANCHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IOMMMLWIABWRKL-WUTDNEBXSA-N nazartinib Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)/C=C/CN(C)C)CCCC[C@H]1N1C2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2N=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C)=C1 IOMMMLWIABWRKL-WUTDNEBXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000189 neurotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002887 neurotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N ombitasvir Chemical compound COC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NC1=CC=C([C@H]2N([C@@H](CC2)C=2C=CC(NC(=O)[C@H]3N(CCC3)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)C)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 PIDFDZJZLOTZTM-KHVQSSSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010603 pastilles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003279 phenylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004237 preparative chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004136 rivastigmine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002027 skeletal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007974 sodium acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNJHFNUEQDVFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].OCCN1CCN(CCS(O)(=O)=O)CC1 ZNJHFNUEQDVFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QJXDSDLNUKLDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;n-formylmethanimidate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C[N-]C=O QJXDSDLNUKLDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002636 symptomatic treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGRQANOPCQRCME-PMACEKPBSA-N teneligliptin Chemical compound O=C([C@H]1NC[C@H](C1)N1CCN(CC1)C1=CC(=NN1C=1C=CC=CC=1)C)N1CCSC1 WGRQANOPCQRCME-PMACEKPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J63/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms
- C07J63/004—Expansion of ring B by one atom, e.g. B homo steroids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
- A61P21/04—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system for myasthenia gravis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J41/00—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
- C07J41/0005—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring the nitrogen atom being directly linked to the cyclopenta(a)hydro phenanthrene skeleton
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a triterpene alkaloid of the following general formula (I):
- Alzheimer's disease is characterized by behavioral and memory disorders. This disease mainly affects the elderly and is increasing in the industrialized countries because of the increase in life expectancy.
- acetylcholinesterase enzyme responsible for the degradation of acetylcholine.
- AChE acetylcholinesterase
- these compounds are Aricept® (donepezil) (marketed by Eisai), Exelon® (rivastigmine) (marketed by Novartis), Réminyl® (galanthamine) (marketed by Janssen).
- Ebixa (memantine), a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist protecting neurons against high and prolonged calcium influx, was marketed by Lundbeck Laboratories. Some marketed acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are difficult to prepare and have side effects. In addition, no inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is currently marketed.
- GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
- AChE in addition to its catalytic functions, has unconventional properties. Studies have shown that the peripheral site of acetylcholinesterase was involved in the aggregation of the ⁇ -amyloid protein, a highly neurotoxic protein in the case of Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, if molecules are capable of interacting with the peripheral site of AChE, the aggregation of the ⁇ -amyloid protein is greatly reduced. The synthesis of inhibitors that can interact simultaneously with the active and peripheral AChE sites is therefore of interest.
- butyrylcholinesterase also plays an important role in the case of Alzheimer's disease by promoting in particular the aggregation of the ⁇ -amyloid protein.
- BChE inhibitors may prevent this phenomenon.
- Balearic boxwood is a plant rich in steroidal alkaloids of the tetracyclic triterpene type.
- ICSN Institute of Chemistry of Natural Substances
- Compound 1 is derived from the chemical transformation of an alkaloid, N-3- isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 isolated from Balearic boxwood (Buxus bakarica WiId) according to a new protocol (see examples 1 and 2).
- N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 (D. Herlem-Gaulier et al., Bull S.c. Chim., 1966, 11, 3478-3486) has previously been extracted from the leaves of Buxus bakarica WiId in the 1960s either by successive chromatography on alumina deactivated with an elution gradient or by separation of the weak and strong bases of the crude alkaloids. In the latter case, tedious countercurrent separation was required to separate compound 2 from N-3-benzoylcycloxobuxidine-F 6b.
- N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 as disclosed in D. Herlem-Gaulier et al (1966) comprises erroneous isomerism on carbon 4.
- the articles of J. Guilhem et al. (Tetrahedron Letters, 34, 2937-2938, 1975) and M. Sangare et al describe the general formula of compound 2 in which isomerism at carbon level 4 has been corrected.
- the triterpene alkaloids according to the present invention act as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, and can therefore be used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases of the central nervous system. as well as in the treatment of diseases of the peripheral nervous system.
- these alkaloids can be easily obtained on an industrial scale.
- the invention relates to a triterpene alkaloid of general formula (I) below:
- X 1 represents O, NH or S
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, an alkyl (in
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, an alkyl (in
- X 2 is O, NH or S and R 10 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, phenyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, or C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 10 ) phenyl, with the proviso that at least one and only one of R 2 or R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, or R 2 is absent, R 1 represents -CH 2 X 1 R 7 and -NR 3 and -X 1 R 7 taken together represent
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, phenyl, cycloalkyl C 3 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl, or R 2 represents an atom of hydrogen
- R 1 represents -CH 2 X 1 R 7 and -NHR 3 and -X 1 R 7 taken together represent
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, a phenyl, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl phenyl
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl or a radical -X 3 R 12 in which X 3 represents O, NH or S, advantageously O and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl (C 1 -C 10 ) carbonyl, a (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl phenyl, an alkyl
- R 5 represents the group N-oxide N + R 13 OCH 3 or NCH 3 R 13 wherein R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl C 3 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10, phenyl or phthalimide, advantageously -CH 3 and
- R 14 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10 alkyl) carbonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl or (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylsulfonyl; or its pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, isomers, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, and mixtures thereof, with the exception of compounds of the following formulas:
- C 1 -C 10 alkyl means any linear or branched monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical having from one to ten carbon atoms inclusive.
- alkyl radicals include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and the like.
- (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylphenyl is understood to mean any radical R'R ", in which R 'is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl radical as defined herein, and R" is a phenyl radical.
- R'R a radical of (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl phenyl radicals
- R'R a radical of (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl phenyl radicals
- R is a phenyl radical.
- Examples of (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl phenyl radicals include, but are not limited to, phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl and the like.
- C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl denotes any saturated monovalent carbocyclic radical consisting of one or more rings, preferably two rings, of three to ten carbon atoms per ring.
- cycloalkyl radicals include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 3-ethylcyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cycloheptyl and the like.
- (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylcarbonyl in the present invention is understood to mean any radical RC (O) -, in which R is an alkyl radical as defined herein.
- R is an alkyl radical as defined herein.
- Examples of (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylcarbonyl radicals include, but are not limited to, acetyl, propionyl, n-butyryl, sec-butyryl, t-butyryl, iso-propionyl, etc.
- C 1 -C 10 alkylsulfonyl in the present invention is understood to mean any radical -S (O) 2 -R, in which R is an alkyl group as defined herein.
- the examples alkylsulfonyl compounds include, but are not limited to, methylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl and the like.
- Chiral isomer means a compound with a chiral center. It has two enantiomeric forms of opposite chirality and may exist either as an individual enantiomer or as a mixture of enantiomers. A mixture containing equal amounts of individual enantiomeric forms of opposite chirality is referred to as a "racemic mixture”.
- the term "pharmaceutically acceptable” is intended to mean that which is useful in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition which is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable and which is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salts of a compound is intended to mean salts which are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined herein, and which possess the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. Such salts include:
- acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, citric acid, ethanesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, glucoheptonic acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, acid methanesulfonic acid, muconic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, propionic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid, tartaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trimethylacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like; or
- salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound is replaced by a metal ion for example an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion or an aluminum ion; either coordinates with an organic or inorganic base.
- Acceptable organic bases include diethanolamine, ethanolamine, N-methylglucamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine and the like.
- Acceptable inorganic bases include aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
- Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable salts are salts formed from hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid and phosphoric acid.
- references to pharmaceutically acceptable salts include solvent addition forms (solvates) or crystalline forms (polymorphs) as defined herein, of the same acid addition salt.
- the general formula (T) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is such that R 1 represents -CH 2 X 1 R 7
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is such that X 1 represents O.
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is represented by the following general formula (H):
- R 4 , R 5 , R 11 and 6 are as defined above and X 1 is as defined above or its pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, isomers, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, and mixtures thereof.
- the general formula (H) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is such that
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is represented by the following general formula QIT): wherein one of the two dashed lines present in cycles a and b and only one represents a bond; R 4 , R 5 and R 11 are as defined above, X 1 is as defined
- the general formula (III) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the triterpene alkaloid is represented by the following general formula (VIII):
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is represented by the following general formula (TV):
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is such that X 2 represents O.
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is such that R 10 or R 11 represent, independently of one another, a C 1 to C 10 alkyl, advantageously branched.
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is chosen from one of the compounds of the following formulas:
- the subject of the invention is a process for producing the compound of general formula (IVb) below:
- R 4 wherein R 4, R 5, R 7, X 1 and 6 are as defined above with the anhydride of formula R 10 (CO) 2 O wherein R 10 is as defined above, advantageously in methanol.
- the general formula (TVb) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the general formula (Vb) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the compound of formula (Vb) is obtained by acid hydrolysis, advantageously in MeOH with H 2 SO 4 , of the compound of formula (VI) below
- the general formula (VT) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner: ", 3
- the subject of the invention is a process for producing the compound of formula (2) comprising the following successive stages: a) alkalinization of the crushed and dried leaves of Buxus bakarica WiId, b) extraction and maceration in a CH mixture 2 Cl 2 / EtOH to obtain a solid extract, c) extraction in dichloromethane at a pH of between 5.8 and 6 to obtain a crude extract of the compound of formula (2), d) purification of the compound of formula (2) , advantageously by recrystallization in acetone.
- the crude alkaloids were fractionated by extraction at different pH in buffered medium.
- the subject of the invention is a method of manufacturing
- R 7 and X 2 are as defined above, at a pressure of between 10 "3 mm Hg and 10 " 1 mm Hg, preferably at a pressure of 0.03 mm Hg with a temperature between 230 and 350 ° C, preferably between 235 and 270 ° C for 3 hours to 24 hours, preferably for 3 hours.
- thermolysis of the mixture obtained in step (a), at a pressure of between 10 -3 mmHg and 10 -1 mmHg, advantageously at a pressure of 0.03 mmHg, with a temperature of between 230 and 350 ° C, advantageously between 235 and 270 ° C and in the presence of tetraalkylammonium hydroxide (alkyl methyl, ethyl, or butyl), preferably tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
- the general formula (IIa) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the subject of the invention is a process for producing the compound of general formula (IIa) in which R 5 represents -CH 3 , R 4 represents -OH,
- alkyl methyl, ethyl, butyl
- N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 1 was synthesized in two steps from N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2. Thermolysis at 240 ° C under 0.05 mmHg of 2 resulted in a mixture (82 / 18) N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 1 and compound 3 resulting from the opening of the cyclopropane. This mixture is then transformed into
- Alumina chromatography of the mixture of 1 and 3 makes it possible to transform it into only 3 with a yield of 91%.
- N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 1 can be obtained in a single step with a yield of 83% by heating 2 in ethylene glycol at 210 ° C in the presence of sodium hydroxide.
- the subject of the invention is a process for the production of the compounds of general formula (TVa) below
- R 4, R 5, R 7, R 10, X 1, X 2 and 6 are as defined above comprising the following successive steps: a) pyrolyzing the compound of formula (IVb) wherein R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 10 , X 1 , X 2 and
- step (a) Chromatography on alumina, or fractional crystallization, of the mixture obtained in step (a).
- the general formula (TVa) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the subject of the invention is a process for the production of the compounds of the following general formula (IHa)
- R 4, R 5, R 11, X 1 and are as defined above comprising the following successive steps: a) acid hydrolysis in methanol, preferably with H 2 SO 4 at 90 ° C for 2 hours, then, after evaporation of the methanol at room temperature, at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, of the compound of general formula (TVa) in which
- the general formula (IHa) is such that the hydrogen atoms and the radical R 11 are positioned in the following manner:
- the general formula (Va) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the subject of the invention is a process for the manufacture of the compound of general formula (IIIb) below in which R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , X 1 and 6 are as defined above by condensation, advantageously at 50 ° C, of the compound of formula (Vb) in which R 4 , R 5 , X 1 and 6 are as defined above, and R 7 is as defined above with the compound of the formula R 15 CHO wherein R 15 CH is R 11 and R 11 is as defined above.
- the general formula (HIb) is such that the hydrogen atoms and the radical R 11 are positioned in the following manner:
- the subject of the invention is a process for the manufacture of the following compound of formula (Hb)
- R 4, R 5, R 11, X 1 and 6 are as defined above by heating at a temperature between 200 and 350 ° C, preferably at 300 ° C in the presence of tetraethylammonium hydroxide of the compound of formula (VII) below
- R 10 R 11 and R 4, R 5, R 11, X 1 and 6 are as defined above and R 7 and X 2 are as defined above.
- the general formula (IIb) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- the general formula (VII) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- R 7 and X 2 are as defined above.
- the subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing the compound of general formula (TVb) below:
- R 5 , R 10 and 6 are as defined above, R 4 is -OR 12 wherein R 12 is as defined above, X 1 is NH, R 7 is H and X 2 is O including the following successive steps:
- the compound of formula (IX) in which R 12 does not represent a hydrogen atom is obtained by the process comprising the following successive stages: protection of the hydroxyl group of the compound of general formula (TVb) below:
- R 5 , R 10 , and 6 are as defined above, R 7 is H, and
- X 1 and X 2 represent O by reaction with the compound of formula (R 12 ) 2 O in which R 12 is as defined above but does not represent a hydrogen atom in a pyridine / dichloromethane mixture to obtain the compound of the following general formula (TVb):
- R 5 , R 10 , and 6 are as defined above
- R 7 is H
- R 12 is as above but is not hydrogen and X 1 and X 2 are O;
- the subject of the invention is a process for producing the compound of formula (II) below:
- R 10 R 11 , R 5 and 6 are as defined above, R 4 represents
- the subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing a compound of formula (VIII) below:
- R 5 , R 11 and 6 are as defined above
- R 4 represents -OR 12 and R 12 is as defined above by reaction of the compound of general formula (Wb) below:
- R 10 R 11 , R 5 and 6 are as defined above, R 4 represents
- the subject of the invention is a general triterpene alkaloid mule (I) below: wherein one of the three dashed lines present in cycles a and b and only one represents a bond;
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10 alkyl) carbonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10 ) - bisftrialkyl (C 1 -C 10 ) silyl] or SO 2 R 9 , wherein R 9 is C 1 -C 10 alkyl or C 1 -C 10 alkylphenyl, with the proviso that R 7 does not represent SO 2 R 9 when X 1 represents S;
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10 alkyl) carbonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) - bisftrialkyl (C 1 -C 10) alkylsilyl], or SO 2 R 9, R 9 representing an alkyl C 1 -C 10 alkyl or a (C 1 -C 10) phenyl;
- R 2 and R 3 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or
- X 2 is O, NH or S and R 10 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, phenyl, C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, or C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 10 ) phenyl, with the proviso that at least one and only one of R 2 or R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, or R 2 is absent, R 1 represents -CH 2 X 1 R 7 and -NR 3 and -X 1 R 7 taken together represent wherein R 11 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, phenyl, cycloalkyl C 3 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl, or R2 represents a hydrogen atom hydrogen, R 1 represents -CH 2 X 1 R 7 and -NHR 3 and - X 1 R 7 taken together represent
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, a phenyl, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl phenyl;
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl or a radical -X 3 R 12 in which X 3 represents O, NH or S, advantageously O and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl (C 1 -C 10 alkyl) carbonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) alkylsulfonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl sulfonyl or alkyl ( C 1 -C 10 ) dialkyl (C 1 -C 10 ) silyl, preferably a hydrogen atom;
- R 5 represents the group N + R 13 OCH 3 or NCH 3 R 13 wherein R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl C 3 -C 10 alkyl C 1
- R 14 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10, alkyl (C 1 -C 10 alkyl) carbonyl, alkyl (C 1 -C 10) phenyl or (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylsulfonyl; or its pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, isomers, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, and mixtures thereof, as a medicament.
- the general formula (T) is such that the hydrogen atoms are positioned in the following manner:
- any triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is useful as a medicament, including the compounds of general formulas II, III and IV.
- the present invention comprises pharmaceutical compositions, "or drugs", comprising at least one compound of the present invention, or an individual isomer, a racemic or non-racemic mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof. ci together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and optionally other therapeutic and / or prophylactic ingredients.
- the compounds of the present invention will be administered in a therapeutically effective amount by any of the accepted modes of administration for agents that serve similar utilities.
- the appropriate dosage ranges are typically from 1 to 500 mg per day, preferably from 1 to 100 mg per day, and most preferably from 1 to 30 mg daily, depending on many factors such as the severity of the condition. to treat, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency of the compound used, the route and form of administration, the indication to which the administration is directed, and the preferences and the experience of the medical practitioner involved.
- the person skilled in the treatment of such a pathology will be able, without undue experience and relying on his personal knowledge and description of this application, to ensure a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds of the present invention for a given pathology.
- the compounds of the present invention will be administered as pharmaceutical formulations including those suitable for oral (including oral and sublingual), rectal, nasal, topical, pulmonary, vaginal or parenteral (including intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal) administration. subcutaneously and intravenously) or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation.
- the preferred manner of administration is generally oral using a daily dosage regimen that can be adjusted according to the degree of the condition.
- a compound or compounds of the present invention, together with one or more conventional adjuvants, vectors or diluents, may be placed in the form of pharmaceutical compositions and dosage units.
- the pharmaceutical compositions and unit dosage forms may be conventional ingredients in conventional proportions, with or without other compounds or active ingredients, and the unit dosage forms may contain any suitable effective amount of the active ingredient commensurate with the dosage range. expected daily that one must employ.
- the pharmaceutical compositions can be employed in the form of solids, such as filled tablets or capsules, semi-solids, powders, sustained-release formulations, or liquids such as solutions, suspensions, emulsions, elixirs.
- Formulations containing about one (1) milligram of active ingredient or, more broadly, about 0.01 to about one hundred (100) milligrams per tablet, are accordingly representative representative unit dosage forms.
- the compounds of the present invention can be formulated in a wide variety of dosage forms for oral administration.
- the pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms may comprise a compound or compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as active components.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable vectors can be either solid or liquid. Solid form preparations include powders, tablets, pills, capsules, cachets, suppositories and dispersible granules.
- a solid carrier may be one or more substances which may also act as diluents, flavoring agents, solubilizers, lubricants, suspending agents, binders, preservatives, tablet disintegrating agents or encapsulating material.
- the vector is generally a finely divided solid which is a mixture with the finely divided active component.
- the active component is generally mixed with the vector having the necessary binding capacity in appropriate proportions and compacted to the desired shapes and sizes.
- the powders and tablets preferably contain from about one (1) to about seventy (70) percent of the active compound.
- Suitable vectors include, but are not limited to, magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugar, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, gum tragacanth, methylcellulose sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a low melting point wax, cocoa butter and the like.
- preparation is intended to include the formulation of the active compound with an encapsulant material such as a vector, forming a capsule in which the active component, with or without a vector, is surrounded by a vector, which is in association with it. this.
- the tablets and lozenges are included. Tablets, powders, capsules, pills, cachets and lozenges may be in solid forms suitable for oral administration.
- liquid form preparations including emulsions, syrups, elixirs, aqueous solutions, aqueous suspensions, or solid form preparations which are intended to be converted rapidly before use into liquid form preparations.
- the emulsions may be prepared in solutions, for example, in aqueous solutions in propylene glycol or may contain emulsifiers such as, for example, lecithin, sorbitan monooleate or gum arabic.
- Aqueous solutions can be prepared by dissolving the active component in water and adding suitable colorants, flavors, stabilizing and thickening agents.
- Aqueous suspensions can be prepared by dispersing the finely divided active component in water with a viscous material, such as natural or synthetic gums, resins, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and other suspending agents. known.
- Solid form preparations include solutions, suspensions and emulsions, and may contain, in addition to the active component, dyes, flavors, stabilizers, buffers, artificial and natural sweeteners, dispersants, thickeners, solubilizing agents, and the like.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated for parenteral administration (e.g., by injection, eg, bolus injection or continuous infusion) and may be presented in unit dosage form in ampoules, pre-filled syringes, infusions of small intestines.
- compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, for example solutions in aqueous polyethylene glycol.
- oily or non-aqueous vectors, diluents, solvents or vehicles include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils (eg olive oil), and injectable organic esters (e.g. ethyl), and may contain formulating agents such as preserving, wetting, emulsifying or suspending agents, stabilizers and / or dispersants.
- the active ingredient may be in powder form, obtained by aseptic isolation of sterile solids or by lyophilization from a solution for constitution prior to use with a suitable vehicle, for example sterile pyrogen-free water.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated for topical administration to the epidermis as ointments, creams or lotions, or as a transdermal patch.
- Ointments and creams may, for example, be formulated with an aqueous or oily base with the addition of suitable thickening and / or gelling agents.
- the lotions may be formulated with an aqueous or oily base and will also generally contain one or more emulsifying agents, stabilizing agents, dispersing agents, suspending agents, thickening agents or coloring agents.
- Formulations suitable for topical administration in the mouth include lozenges comprising active agents in a flavored base, usually sucrose and gum arabic or gum tragacanth; pastilles comprising the active ingredient in an inert base such as gelatin and glycerin or sucrose and gum arabic; and mouthwashes comprising the active ingredient in a suitable liquid carrier.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated for administration as suppositories.
- a low melting point wax such as a mixture of fatty acid glycerides or cocoa butter is first melted and the active component is dispersed homogeneously, for example by stirring. The molten homogeneous mixture is then poured into convenient size molds, allowed to cool and solidify.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated for nasal administration.
- the solutions or suspensions are applied directly to the nasal cavity by conventional means, for example, with a dropper, pipette or spray.
- the formulations may be made in a single or multiple dose form. In the latter case of a dropper or pipette, this can be achieved by administering to the patient a predetermined appropriate volume of the solution or suspension. In the case of spraying, this can be achieved for example by means of a metering atomizer spray pump.
- the compounds of the present invention can be formulated for aerosol administration, particularly to the respiratory tract and comprising intranasal administration.
- the compound will generally have a small particle size, for example of the order of five (5) microns or less. Such a particle size can be obtained by means known in the art, for example by micronization.
- the active ingredient is formed in a package pressurized with a suitable propellant such as a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), for example, dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane or dichlorotetrafluoroethane or carbon dioxide or other suitable gas.
- CFC chlorofluorocarbon
- the aerosol can conveniently also contain a surfactant such as lecithin.
- the dose of medication can be regulated by a metering valve.
- the active ingredients may be produced in a dry powder form, for example a powder mixture of the compound in a suitable powder base such as lactose, starch, starch derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP).
- a powder mixture of the compound in a suitable powder base such as lactose, starch, starch derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP).
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidine
- the powder vector will form a gel in the nasal cavity.
- the powder composition may be represented in unit dosage form for example in capsules or cartridges of, for example, gelatin or platelets from which the powder may be administered by means of an inhaler.
- the compounds of the present invention may be formulated in transdermal or subcutaneous drug delivery devices. These delivery systems are advantageous when prolonged release of the compound is needed and when conforming a patient with a treatment regimen is crucial.
- the compounds in transdermal delivery systems are frequently attached to a solid support adhering to the skin.
- the compound of interest may also be combined with a penetration enhancer, for example azone (1-dodecylazacyelheptan-2-one).
- Sustained-release delivery systems are inserted subcutaneously into the subdermal layer by surgery or injection.
- the subdermal implants encapsulate the compound in a liquid-soluble membrane, for example silicone rubber, or a biodegradable polymer, for example poly lactic acid.
- the pharmaceutical preparations are preferably in unit dosage form.
- the preparation is subdivided into unit doses containing appropriate amounts of the active component.
- the unit dosage form can be a packaged preparation, the package containing discrete amounts of preparation, such as packeted tablets, capsules and powders in vials or ampoules.
- the unit dosage form can be a capsule, tablet, cachet or lozenge itself, or it can be the appropriate number of any of these in packaged form.
- the triterpene alkaloid as a drug according to the invention is characterized in that it is chosen from one of the following compounds of formulas:
- the triterpene alkaloid according to the invention is characterized in that the medicament is intended for treating a subject suffering from a disease of the central or peripheral nervous system.
- the term "subject” refers to mammals and non-mammals.
- Mammals mean any member of the mammal class including, but not limited to, humans, non-human primates such as chimpanzees and other monkeys and monkey species; farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats and pork; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs and cats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice and guinea pigs; and the like.
- non-mammals include, but are not limited to, birds and the like.
- the term “treating” or “treating” a pathological condition used in the present invention includes:
- central or peripheral nervous system disease means any alteration of the state of health of the central or peripheral nervous system in a subject, attributed to internal or external causes, resulting in symptoms and symptoms. signs, and manifested by a disturbance of the functions or by lesions.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, Alzheimer's disease, memory disorders associated with aging or Alzheimer's disease, disorders associated with trisomy 21, body dementia of Lewy, Parkinson's dementia, vascular dementia, delirium, traumatic brain injury, myasthenia gravis of congenital or autoimmune origin to reverse neuromuscular blocking agents acting at postsynaptic muscle receptors and any cholinergic syndrome in which there is a decrease in the amount of acetylcholinesterase released, epilepsy, a brain tumor, a neurodegenerative disease such as Tay-Sachs disease, Lesch-Nyan disease, Huntington's disease, sclerosis amyotrophic lateral (or Lou Gehrig's disease), Down syndrome, or peripheral neuropathies such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
- Alzheimer's disease memory disorders associated with aging or Alzheimer's disease, disorders associated with trisomy 21, body dementia of Lewy, Parkinson's dementia, vascular dementia, delirium, traumatic brain injury, myasthenia gravis of congenital
- the triterpene acaloid according to the invention is characterized in that the disease of the central or peripheral nervous system is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, the memory disorders associated with the aging or Alzheimer's disease, disorders associated with trisomy 21, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's dementia, vascular dementia, delirium, traumatic brain injury, myasthenia gravis of congenital or auto origin -immune to reverse neuromuscular blocking agents acting at postsynaptic muscle receptors and any cholinergic syndrome in which there is a decrease in the amount of acetylcholinesterase released.
- the disease of the central or peripheral nervous system is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, the memory disorders associated with the aging or Alzheimer's disease, disorders associated with trisomy 21, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's dementia, vascular dementia, delirium, traumatic brain injury, myasthenia gravis of congenital or auto origin -immune to reverse neuromuscular blocking agents acting at postsynaptic muscle receptor
- the subject of the invention is also the use of a triterpene alkaloid according to the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament intended to treat a subject suffering from Alzheimer's disease, memory disorders associated with aging or Alzheimer's disease, disorders associated with trisomy 21, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson's dementia, vascular dementia, delirium, traumatic brain injury, myasthenia of congenital or autoimmune origin to reverse neuromuscular blocking agents acting at postsynaptic muscle receptors and any cholinergic syndrome in which there is a decrease in the amount of acetylcholinesterase released.
- the subject of the invention is a method of treating a subject suffering from a disease of the central or peripheral nervous system, which comprises the administration of a triterpene alkaloid according to the present invention or of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a such alkaloid.
- the combined organic phases are evaporated in vacuo to afford 240 g of a dark green extract.
- the extract is successively taken up with 7 l of dichloromethane, washed 10 times with 1 l of 2N hydrochloric acid.
- the aqueous phases are alkalinized with a 30% ammonia solution and then extracted with 6 ⁇ 2 1 of dichloromethane.
- the organic phases are evaporated under vacuum to give 98 g of a brown powder.
- each aqueous phase containing the starting buffer solution, in which the alkaloids are present is increased by 1 pH unit by addition of 10% ammonia.
- the aqueous phases are then successively extracted with 8 x 500 ml of dichloromethane until the alkaloids are exhausted in the aqueous phases.
- the 8 organic phases are then successively washed with 1 liter of a 10% ammonia solution, with 1 liter of a deionized water solution and with 1 liter of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and then dried over sodium chloride. anhydrous magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure.
- the pH is measured using a calibrated pH meter.
- the N B (CH 3 ) 2 have for chemical shifts 2.07 ppm and 2.30 ppm in the form of two singlets.
- the inversion of the nitrogen doublet is slow due to an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the nitrogen NB and the proton of the alcohol attached to Cl 6.
- the N B (CH 3 ) 2 have then for chemical shifts 2.20 ppm in the form of a large singlet. In 13 C NMR, no peak is observed at this temperature.
- N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 100 mg (0.20 mmol, 1.0 eq.) Of N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 are heated at 240 ° C under 0.05 mmHg in a bunker or tube to be sublimed. A solid sublimate is obtained in 3 hours. The sublimate is a mixture of opening product of cyclopropane 3 (18%) and N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 1 (82%). To a solution of the sublimate in 2 ml of dichloromethane is added 515 mg (0.87 mmol, 5.0 eq) of a solution of 25% tetraethylammonium hydroxide in methanol.
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 30 H 48 N 2 O 3 : C, 74.34; H, 9.98; N, 5.78; O, 9.90; measured C, 74.13; H, 9.91; N, 5.67; O: 9.97.
- analogues of 1 have been synthesized and their antiacetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activities measured.
- cycloxobuxidine 5 which is obtained by acid hydrolysis of the amide function of N-3-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2 with a yield of 94% (Scheme 2).
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 26 H 43 N 2 O 4 : C, 72.18; H, 10.25; N, 6.48; O: 11.09 measured: C, 71.99; H, 10.22; N, 6.31; O: 11.28.
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 34 H 50 N 2 O 4 : C, 74.14; H, 9.15; N, 5.09; O, 11.62; measured: C, 73.98; H, 9.12; N, 4.97; O: 11.61.
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 32 H 54 N 2 O 4 : C, 72.41; H, 10.25; N, 5.28; O, 12.06; measured: C, 72.14; H, 10.18; N, 5.23; O, 11.99.
- N-3-propionylcycloxobuxidine-F 6c derivative are heated at 240 ° C under 0.03 mmHg in a bulb oven.
- a sublimate is obtained in 3 hours.
- the solid sublimate is a mixture of the desired product 7c (64%) and dihydrooxazine 8c (36%).
- the sublimate is chromatographed on Merck alumina column of activity II-III (eluent: 99.7 dichloromethane / 0.3 methanol) to give 51.6 mg of 7c in the form of a colorless powder after trituration in acetone with a yield of 71%.
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 31 H 52 N 2 O 4 : C, 72.05; H, 10.14; N, 5.42; O, 12.38; measured: C, 72.09; H, 10.06; N, 5.35; O: 12.32.
- Elemental analysis calculated for C 31 H 52 N 2 O 4 : C, 72.05; H, 10.14; N, 5.42; O, 12.38; measured C, 71.91, H: 10.16; N, 5.37; O: 12.11.
- N-3-secbutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 7h derivative are heated at 250 ° C under 0.08 mmHg in a bulb oven.
- a sublimate is obtained in 3 hours.
- Sublimate is a mixture of the desired product 7h (80%) and dihydrooxazine 8h (20%).
- the sublimate is chromatographed on a Merck alumina column of activity II-III (eluent: dichloromethane 99 / methanol 1) to give 12.0 mg of 7h in the form of a colorless powder after trituration in acetone with a yield of 30%.
- N-3-secpentyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 7i derivative are heated at 250 ° C under 0.08 mmHg in a bulb oven.
- a sublimate is obtained in 3 hours.
- the sublimate is a mixture of the desired product 7i (90%) and dihydrooxazine 8i (10%).
- the sublimate is chromatographed on Merck alumina column of activity II-III (eluent: dichloromethane 99 / methanol 1) to provide 12.0 mg of 7i as a colorless powder after trituration in acetone with a yield of 31%.
- reaction medium After stirring for 2 hours at 90 ° C., the reaction medium is cooled to room temperature and evaporated under reduced pressure at most at 25 ° C. The resulting liquor is heated at 80 ° C. It is colored yellow.
- the reaction mixture is basified with 40 ml of a 10% ammonia solution and extracted with 3 ⁇ 40 ml of dichloromethane. The combined organic phases are successively dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and evaporated under vacuum.
- the crude product is triturated in ethyl acetate. After filtration, washing and drying under reduced pressure, 128 mg of 11 in the form of a colorless solid are obtained with a yield of 60%, whose spectroscopic characteristics are identical to those described by Herlem-Gaulier, D. et al; (1968).
- the primary alcohol function of the esters 13 and 17 was converted into sulfonate by the action of tosyl chloride or methanesulfonyl chloride to form the products 22 to 25 after prior protection of the tertiary amine function at the 20-position in salt form by reaction with p-toluenesulfonic acid (Scheme 7).
- PhCH 3 (44%) PhCH 3 (54%) CH 3 (13%) CH 3 (36%)
- Compound 30 was prepared in two steps from N-isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F 2.
- the nitrogen atom of 2 is oxidized to N-oxide by the action of p-chloroperbenzoic acid to drive with a yield of 79%.
- This compound is then subjected to a non-classic demethylation reaction in the presence of iron salts to yield the demethylated compound in 76% yield (Scheme 9).
- the synthesis of an isomeric compound of 1 in which an OC, ⁇ -ethylenic ketone function is present was carried out in two stages.
- the first step is an opening reaction of the cyclopropane in the presence of a Lewis acid.
- the second step is the formation of the dihydrooxazine ring.
- the enone 31 thus obtained is then heated to high temperature in the presence of triethylammonium hydroxide to give the pentacyclic compound 32.
- Example 6 Biological Results The antiacetylcholinesterase (AChE isolated from E / ectrvphocus ekct ⁇ cus) and anti-butyrylcholinesterase (BChE isolated from human serum) activities were determined using the Ellman spectroscopic method (Ellman, GL et al, Biochem Pharmacol, 1961). , 7, 88-95). The results are summarized in Table 1.
- galanthamine, tacrine and eserine serve as reference (360 and 74 for anti-AchE activity, and 18600, 58 and 800 for anti-BchE activity).
- Compound 8e has been found to possess a potent inhibitory effect of acetylcholinesterase in vitro, as previously detailed (Table 1). To verify the efficacy and specificity of compound 8e at a cholinergic synapse model the inventors tested these effects at the level of neuromuscular preparations isolated from vertebrates (frog and mouse) maintained in survival. To do this, they used conventional techniques of cellular electrophysiology. Compound 8e at doses between 1-25 ⁇ M produces an extension of the half-decay time of synaptic responses (motor plaque potentials caused by nerve stimulation, and spontaneous miniature motorplate potentials).
- This prolongation of synaptic potentials is observed when mouse neuromuscular preparations are placed in a normal survival medium (Krebs-Ringer) containing (mM: NaCl, 151; KCl, 5; MgCl 2 , 1; CaCl 2 , 2; glucose, 11 and HEPES-NaOH, (pH 7.4), and when the survival medium contains low concentrations of CaCl 2 (0.4-1 mM) and high concentrations MgCl 2 (4-8 mM) to reduce release of acetylcholine
- the prolongation of synaptic potentials at the neuromuscular junction reflects the average life span of the acetylcholine-open synaptic channels in their interactions with nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle.
- the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase increases the acetylcholine concentration at the synaptic cleft, which allows for repetitive acetylcholine at these receptors, thereby prolonging the duration of synaptic responses.
- the inventors have determined, by electrophysiology, the ability of compound 8e to interact with muscle nicotinic receptors with acetylcholine.
- the results obtained show that compound 8e, at a concentration of 80 ⁇ M, causes a decrease in the amplitude and a blockage of the miniature motorplate potentials (which reflect the release of a quantum of acetylcholine).
- synaptic responses motor plaque potentials
- compounds of approximately 40 acetylcholine quanta are also 80% blocked by 160 ⁇ M of compound 8e, both on neuromuscular junctions of frog than of mice.
- the triterpene alkaloids according to the invention have no side effects when used at a dose to inhibit AChE.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Psychology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0501029A FR2881428B1 (fr) | 2005-02-02 | 2005-02-02 | Composes en serie triterpenes tetracycliques, leurs procedes de preparation, leurs applications comme medicaments et les composes pharmaceutiques les renfermant |
| PCT/EP2006/050200 WO2006082126A1 (fr) | 2005-02-02 | 2006-01-13 | Composés en série triterpènes tétracycliques, leurs procédés de préparation, leurs applications comme médicaments et les composés pharmaceutiques les renfermant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1846435A1 true EP1846435A1 (fr) | 2007-10-24 |
Family
ID=35094076
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06707715A Withdrawn EP1846435A1 (fr) | 2005-02-02 | 2006-01-13 | Composés en série triterpènes tétracycliques, leurs procédés de préparation, leurs applications comme médicaments et les composés pharmaceutiques les renfermant |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120040930A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1846435A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2008528656A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2601724A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2881428B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006082126A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117338790B (zh) * | 2023-11-10 | 2025-03-04 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | 黄杨生物碱Buxusemine H和Buxusemine L在制药中的应用 |
-
2005
- 2005-02-02 FR FR0501029A patent/FR2881428B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-13 US US11/815,248 patent/US20120040930A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-13 CA CA002601724A patent/CA2601724A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-13 WO PCT/EP2006/050200 patent/WO2006082126A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2006-01-13 EP EP06707715A patent/EP1846435A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-13 JP JP2007553576A patent/JP2008528656A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006082126A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2601724A1 (fr) | 2006-08-10 |
| US20120040930A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
| WO2006082126A1 (fr) | 2006-08-10 |
| JP2008528656A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
| FR2881428A1 (fr) | 2006-08-04 |
| FR2881428B1 (fr) | 2008-12-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0591057B1 (fr) | Arylalkyl(thio)amides ayant une affinité sélective pour les récepteurs de la mélatonine et leur procédé de préparation | |
| CH638800A5 (fr) | 9-amino- et imino-dibenzopyrannes et leur preparation. | |
| EP0851855A1 (fr) | Derives acyles de la melatonine et d'analogues en tant que medicament | |
| LU87031A1 (fr) | Nouveaux alpha-aminoacides substitues,leur preparation et leur utilisation en therapeutique comme medicaments | |
| JPH09501434A (ja) | 置換2−アミノテトラリン | |
| EP2928861B1 (fr) | Dérivés d'aminocyclobutane, leur procédé de préparation et leur utilisation à titre de médicaments | |
| EP0004494B1 (fr) | Nouveaux dérivés de 1,3-dihydro 3-(1-(2-(2,3-dihydro 1,4-benzo-dioxin-2-yl)2-hydroxy éthyl)pipéridin-4-yl)2H-indol 2-one, leur procédé de préparation, leur application comme médicaments et les compositions pharmaceutiques les renfermant | |
| EP0366511A1 (fr) | Nouveaux dérivés benzoxazolinoniques, leurs procédés de préparation et les compositions pharmaceutiques qui les contiennent | |
| WO2007144487A2 (fr) | Molecules duales contenant un derive peroxydique, leur synthese et leurs applications therapeutiques | |
| CH630629A5 (fr) | Derives de la morphine, leur procede de preparation et leur application comme medicament. | |
| EP1786759B1 (fr) | Nouveaux derives du 3,5-seco-4-nor-cholestane et leurs utilisations | |
| EP1846435A1 (fr) | Composés en série triterpènes tétracycliques, leurs procédés de préparation, leurs applications comme médicaments et les composés pharmaceutiques les renfermant | |
| MC1562A1 (fr) | Phenothiazines,leur procede de preparation et produits en contenant | |
| BE897473A (fr) | Nouveaux alcaloides de l'ergot de seigle leur preparation et leur utilisation comme medicaments | |
| EP0294292B1 (fr) | Dérivé de l'acide benzo [B] thiophène - 7 carboxylique, son procédé de préparation et les compositions pharmaceutiques qui le contiennent | |
| EP0003456B1 (fr) | Dérivés d'amino-3-cardénolides, procédé pour leur préparation, et médicaments les contenant | |
| EP1476433B1 (fr) | Nouveaux derives de tricyclo-imidazolines, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation a titre de medicaments | |
| BE874322R (fr) | Nouveaux composes heterocycliques, leur preparation et leur application comme medicaments | |
| FR2458552A1 (fr) | Nouveaux alcaloides peptidiques de l'ergot de seigle, leur preparation et leur application comme medicaments | |
| BE884145R (fr) | Composes indoliques nouveaux | |
| FR2555580A1 (fr) | Nouveaux composes azabicycliques, procede pour les preparer et medicaments les contenant | |
| FR2907783A1 (fr) | Nouveaux composes chimiques, leurs procedes de synthese et leur utilisation a titre de medicament, particulierement a titre de medicament cytoprotecteur, neuroprotecteur ou cardioprotecteur | |
| CH638210A5 (fr) | Ester derive de l'acide quinolopyranne-4-one-2-carboxylique, procede de sa preparation et utilisation de cet ester comme compose actif dans un medicament antiallergique pour le traitement de l'asthme. | |
| EP2493885B1 (fr) | Molecules polyketides comme agents anticancereux | |
| WO1992001706A1 (fr) | Nouveaux derives de la 6-methyl 19-nor progesterone, substitue en 3 et leur procede d'obtention |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070809 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20100428 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (C.N. |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20130801 |