EP1851417A2 - Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie

Info

Publication number
EP1851417A2
EP1851417A2 EP06708366A EP06708366A EP1851417A2 EP 1851417 A2 EP1851417 A2 EP 1851417A2 EP 06708366 A EP06708366 A EP 06708366A EP 06708366 A EP06708366 A EP 06708366A EP 1851417 A2 EP1851417 A2 EP 1851417A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optimization
calculation
variables
optimization calculation
condition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06708366A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Jockenhoevel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP06708366A priority Critical patent/EP1851417A2/fr
Publication of EP1851417A2 publication Critical patent/EP1851417A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for calculating energy and process engineering processes, in particular the heat cycle of power plants, by means of a computational model based on at least one balance equation of the first thermodynamic law and a device for carrying out this method.
  • Equations are given. For example, it can be specified that no cooling water is sprayed into a tempering unit of freshly generated steam. This is the condition
  • the model then consists of a vector with n equations and the same number of unknown variables. Such a system is called a quadratic system.
  • a Newton iteration for finding a first approximation solution of the present equation system is then carried out by a simulation program in the context of a phase 2.
  • the simulation program then turns back to Phase 1, in which the boundary condition equations are checked on the basis of the found approximate solution and, if necessary, modified.
  • the implementation of this algorithm is relatively cumbersome and therefore time consuming.
  • the solution thus obtained must continue to be checked for plausibility.
  • the solution is checked for logical errors. This includes, for example, checking whether the temperature at the outlet of a heat exchanger is higher than at its inlet. Other logical checks include the occurrence of negative solutions to variables for which such solutions are excluded. If implausibilities are discovered in this phase, the entire simulation model must be revised and then recalculated. The fault identification is done manually and usually requires extensive investigations.
  • the invention has for its object to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and in particular a method and to provide a device for the calculation of energy and process engineering processes, allowing faster calculation and faster and easier troubleshooting. 5
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with an aforementioned method for calculating energy and process engineering processes, which is characterized in that the calculation is performed in the form of an optimization calculation.
  • an optimization algorithm determines the minimum or maximum of an objective function in a given condition, by constraints
  • NLP Non-linear programming
  • ⁇ is the objective function to be minimized or maximized
  • x is a vector of continuous optimization variables with n elements to be determined by the optimization calculation
  • c is a vector of boundary condition functions with m elements expressed as equations, these boundary condition functions being essentially from the balance equations of the first thermodynamic law
  • h is a vector of inequalities
  • Boundary condition functions is, x L is a vector of fixed lower bounds for the optimization variables, where some lower bounds can be - oo, in which case variables without a lower bound are represented, and x u is a vector of fixed upper bounds of the optimization variables , Some upper limits may be + oo, in which case variables without an upper bound are represented.
  • both the expression (5) and the expression (6) represent boundary conditions in the form of inequalities and the representation with upper and lower limits according to expression (6) only a simplified representation of correspondingly formulated inequalities according to expression (6). 5).
  • the invention is based on the recognition that by means of the calculation of the physical model carried out according to the invention in the form of an optimization calculation, an inherent calculation of all technical boundary conditions is possible. This makes it possible to calculate the corresponding energy or process engineering process in a continuous calculation cycle. Iterative runs of different calculation phases with adjustments made in-between conditions, such as the simulation model-based calculation of the prior art are no longer required. Since an overall optimization of the system continues to be carried out, it is possible to remedy possible errors in the case of specified boundary conditions for certain variables more quickly. A possibly inappropriate setpoint for a variable is in fact easily apparent from the optimization result, since the variable value calculated by the optimization algorithm generally differs significantly from the inappropriate setpoint.
  • the optimization algorithm strives to optimize a set of many variables, in the optimization result, the corresponding single variable will not be very close to the inappropriate set point, as this will generally result in much less favorable results for many other variables, thereby rendering the optimization result as a whole excessive would be worsened.
  • At least one logical condition enters into the optimization calculation as a secondary condition.
  • this at least one logical condition enters into the optimization calculation in the form of an inequality.
  • a logical condition may e.g. Relate temperatures at two different locations of a device in the form of an inequality. For example, it may be specified that the temperature at a heat exchanger inlet must be higher than the temperature at the heat exchanger outlet. Since such logical conditions are taken into account directly by the calculation method in the embodiment according to the invention, a subsequent plausibility check in this regard is no longer necessary.
  • a quadratic simulation task given by the computer-aided model is reformulated into an optimization task.
  • the boundary conditions in the form of equations in the computational model transferred into the objective function of the optimization calculation.
  • the remaining balance equations from the computational model are now considered as constraints in the optimization calculation.
  • the optimization calculation is advantageously based on a quadratic target function for calculating the smallest quadratic distances of the optimization variables of predefinable target values.
  • the objective function to be minimized in the optimization task then consists of the sum of the quadratic distances of the optimization variables or their dependent conversion functions from the respectively assigned nominal values. With such an objective function, it is possible to quickly find inappropriately selected target values and thus a quick troubleshooting. This is due to the fact that in the solution found by the optimization calculation, the totality of the optimization variables is as close as possible to the respective assigned setpoint values.
  • optimization algorithms work more efficiently with linear objective functions than with quadratic objective functions; in particular, quadratic objective functions in some algorithms generate a considerable number of entries in the Hesse matrix, which can lead to too many degrees of freedom for updating the Hesse matrix. To use such algorithms, it is therefore appropriate if the Optimization calculation is based on a linear objective function.
  • thermodynamic law it is expedient if at least one logical condition is derived from the second thermodynamic law. That is, certain inequalities between temperatures at different locations of a system resulting from the entropy set can already be included in the optimization calculation as a secondary condition. A subsequent plausibility check of the solution found by the calculation algorithm with respect to any absolutely necessary entropy increases in the case of irreversible processes thus becomes superfluous.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an illustration of the solution space of two optimization variables bounded by technical boundary conditions in the form of inequalities.
  • the embodiment of the invention described below is used to calculate the heat cycle of a combined heat and power plant.
  • the heat cycle is described by means of balance equations c (x) of the thermodynamic law (mass, energy and momentum balance) as a function of optimization variables X 1 .
  • set values y s , i of this optimization variable X 1 and of variables resulting from the optimization variables X 1 using an internal conversion vector b (Xi) are defined.
  • Such an internal conversion vector ⁇ x 1 ) can, for example, between the entropy given as the setpoint and the temperature that predetermines the optimization variable.
  • boundary conditions h (x) are defined in the form of inequalities for the optimization variables X 1 .
  • the fresh water rate sprayed into a tempering unit for live steam can be set to a value of at least zero.
  • a further boundary condition can limit the temperature of the live steam (T fresh _ steam ) to a maximum value T max (T live steam ⁇ T max ).
  • T fresh _ steam the live steam
  • T max the maximum value of water spray reduces the live steam temperature. This functional dependence is contained in the balance equations c (x).
  • certain optimization variables may also be limited by lower limits x L and upper limits x u .
  • this optimization problem is solved with a suitable optimization algorithm.
  • the values obtained for the optimization variables are optimized in such a way that the sum of their quadratic distances from the predefined setpoints assumes a minimum value. If a setpoint value for an optimization variable X 1 which is inappropriate for the system has been specified, this uneven setpoint value can be recognized immediately on the solution, since the for this variable, as a result of the optimization calculation resulting value has a considerable compared with the results of the other variables distance from its associated setpoint. For such a case, the setpoint for the corresponding variable is then corrected and the entire optimization calculation is repeated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'évaluer des processus de technique énergétique et d'ingénierie, notamment le cycle thermique de centrales électriques, qui se fonde sur un modèle de technique de calcul reposant sur au moins une équation de bilan du premier théorème thermodynamique. Le calcul s'effectue sous forme de calcul d'optimisation dans lequel au moins une condition marginale formulée sous forme d'inéquation intervient en tant que condition secondaire.
EP06708366A 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie Withdrawn EP1851417A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06708366A EP1851417A2 (fr) 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05003691A EP1701005A1 (fr) 2005-02-21 2005-02-21 Méthode et dispositif pour le calcul des procédés énergétiques et techniques
PCT/EP2006/060078 WO2006087382A2 (fr) 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie
EP06708366A EP1851417A2 (fr) 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1851417A2 true EP1851417A2 (fr) 2007-11-07

Family

ID=34933859

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05003691A Withdrawn EP1701005A1 (fr) 2005-02-21 2005-02-21 Méthode et dispositif pour le calcul des procédés énergétiques et techniques
EP06708366A Withdrawn EP1851417A2 (fr) 2005-02-21 2006-02-17 Procede et dispositif pour evaluer des processus de technique energetique et d'ingenierie

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05003691A Withdrawn EP1701005A1 (fr) 2005-02-21 2005-02-21 Méthode et dispositif pour le calcul des procédés énergétiques et techniques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1701005A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101124386B (fr)
WO (1) WO2006087382A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110717273B (zh) * 2019-10-11 2023-03-17 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 一种工艺过程仿真边界条件构建方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5716719A (en) * 1980-07-04 1982-01-28 Hitachi Ltd Method and equipment for controlling steam temperature in thermal power plant
EP0731397B1 (fr) * 1994-09-26 2001-05-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Methode et systeme d'optimisation du service d'une installation
JP3901609B2 (ja) * 2002-07-25 2007-04-04 本田技研工業株式会社 ランキンサイクル装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006087382A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1701005A1 (fr) 2006-09-13
CN101124386A (zh) 2008-02-13
CN101124386B (zh) 2011-11-16
WO2006087382A3 (fr) 2006-11-16
WO2006087382A2 (fr) 2006-08-24

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