Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
  • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
  • H01H85/055—Fusible members
  • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
  • H01R13/02—Contact members
  • H01R13/20—Pins, blades, or sockets shaped, or provided with separate member, to retain co-operating parts together
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
  • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
  • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
  • H01R13/633—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only
  • H01R13/637—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only by fluid pressure, e.g. explosion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
  • H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
  • Y10T29/49105—Switch making
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
  • Y10T29/49107—Fuse making

Definitions

• the invention generally relates to a circuit breaker for electrical supply lines, in particular power lines or battery cables, of motor vehicles with a first connection element, with a connectable to the first connection element second connection element and with a running in a conductive state of the circuit breaker between the first connection element and the second connection element current path.
• Circuit breakers for motor vehicles are well known.
• DE 199 28 713 A1 discloses a circuit breaker which has a fusible conductor.
• the fusible conductor is attached to a reaction vessel. After ignition of a chemical mixture in the reaction vessel by an ignition mechanism, the reaction vessel heats up so much that the melt conductor melts and thus interrupts the current path.
• Another circuit breaker for interrupting at least two current paths is known from DE 101 11 254 A1. This is to be made possible to interrupt a rung while a second can continue to be active. This ensures a redundant supply of, for example, safety-relevant systems in automobiles and, at the same time, any current path is protected against overloading. Therefore Each breaker has at least three connections and is located close to the consumer. One connection is used to connect the load, the others to connect the circuits that are to be interrupted individually. If the current in a circuit rises above the maximum limit, it will be disconnected. However, the other circuits can continue to supply their respective consumers.
• the known circuit breakers have various disadvantages. Elements of the circuit breaker are first permanently destroyed. Furthermore, expensive elements for measuring the current flowing in the element to be destroyed and for igniting the chemical mixture are necessary for interrupting the current path, so that the circuit breaker are expensive to produce.
• the technical object of the invention was to provide a circuit breaker for electrical supply lines available, on the one hand low in the production and on the other hand ensures a fault-free operation.
• connection element Jouleschen heat Pyrotechnic separation unit is provided on at least one of the connection elements and that by means of the activated pyrotechnic separation unit, the connection between the connection elements is detachable.
• connection of the connection elements can be made by material connection.
• the second connection element could be connected by gluing to the first connection element.
• the second connection element may have a simple geometry.
• connection elements are non-positively connected to each other. Then the connection can be solved by the pyrotechnic separation unit in particular non-destructive.
• a pyrotechnic separation unit - passive - can be activated by the temperature generated by the electrical current flowing through the connection elements.
• Each electrical resistor R generates a Joule heat Q, which is proportional to the product of the resistor R and the
• an inventive circuit breaker is characterized by its compact and cost-effective production.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit may be designed so that it ignites between 16O 0 C and 195 0 C, in particular at 17O 0 C.
• a continuous operating temperature of the circuit breaker between 100 0 C and 125 0 C, in particular at 115 0 C would be possible.
• the temperatures are assigned a current intensity as a function of the cross-section of the elements and the duration of the currents, by the relationship explained above.
• the external climatic conditions which are to be considered in the interpretation, adjust an activation current of the circuit breaker.
• a pyrotechnic separation unit for example, such mixtures can be used, as disclosed in DE 20 2004 002 292 Ul. These mixtures are characterized by a particularly high long-term stability. In principle, however, all mixtures can be used that can be thermally activated, ie by the supply of heat, and can generate a sufficiently high pressure to dissolve the frictional connection. In particular, the pyrotechnic separation unit should have a sufficiently long service life or service life. Number of operating hours to be optimized, for example, the life of a motor vehicle according to or over 10 years.
• At least the first connection element has a first receptacle on .
• the pyrotechnic separation unit can be arranged.
• the first receptacle can be formed integrally from the first connection element in a particularly simple manner.
• the first receptacle may be a pot pulled out of the first connection element.
• the first receptacle can be formed from at least two receiving elements.
• a first receiving element of the first connection element can be integrally formed and a second receiving element, such as a sleeve, later be arranged on the first receiving element.
• the second receiving element can be arranged in advance the pyrotechnic separation unit, wherein the method for attaching the second
• Receiving element is used to the first receiving element is not a warming up to
• Activation temperature of the pyrotechnic separation unit leads.
• methods such as friction welding, rotary friction welding, soldering or gluing can be used.
• the second connection element may have a second receptacle.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit can be arranged either in the first shot, the second shot or in both shots. It is also possible to provide a two-part pyrotechnic separation unit, it being possible in each case for a part to be arranged in each case in a receptacle.
• the term second recording does not necessarily mean the presence of a first recording, so that only on second connection element may be provided a receptacle.
• the second connection element may have a projection corresponding to the first receptacle, such that in the conductive state of the circuit breaker the projection is arranged in a non-positive fit in the first receptacle.
• the first receptacle take over the function of receiving the pyrotechnic separation unit and the non-positive connection with the second connection element simultaneously.
• separate receptacles for the separation unit and the non-positive connection could be provided.
• any other ways to connect the connecting elements frictionally, are covered by this invention.
• first recording and the projection of at least two projection elements may be made in several parts.
• at least one first and / or second projection element may then have a possible second receptacle.
• connection element ie the conductive cross section, the length and the specific resistance of the material
• the first connection element and / or the second connection element can have at least one notch increasing the ohmic resistance.
• the electrically conductive cross sections are reduced, whereby the ohmic resistance increases, ultimately leads to a higher heat generation at the same power. Thereby, a simple and cost-effective means is given to influence the resistance of the connection elements.
• the cross-section of the connected cables can also influence the heat introduced.
• the various parts of a multi-part recording or. a multi-part projection also be made of different materials and thus have different, the required resistors for triggering the pyrotechnic separation unit adapted resistors.
• the resistance can also be reduced by increasing the cross section. Also, by different compressed cross-sections of the elements of the resistance can be influenced.
• circuit breaker can be designed so that one to achieve the
• Activation temperature of the pyrotechnic separation unit by generating Joulescher heat required activation current is less than or equal to, as one for the connected to the connecting elements lines or.
• Cable and / or consumer maximum allowable current may correspond to the current that, if exceeded, would result in burning through and destroying the connection cables and / or the insulation of the cables.
• the first and / or the second connection element of a Flat part formed. This results in a particularly cost-effective production of the circuit breaker.
• the flat parts can be easily deformed and thus can be formed in the connection elements with little technical effort both a first recording, if necessary, a second recording and a projection.
• the two connection elements can be mechanically connected to one another. A current path is thereby made.
• the force that needs to be expended in order to release this connection can be set by designing the first receptacle and the projection.
• the projection is arranged by means of a press fit in the first receptacle.
• Preferred is an immediate clamping connection between the projection and the first receptacle.
• a conical interference fit is preferred.
• the first receptacle and / or the projection may be formed tapered. It is preferred if the pot tapers, starting from the flat part.
• the connecting elements can be formed particularly favorably if at least one flat part is produced from a metal sheet. Sheets of various strengths of electrically conductive materials are cheap and can be easily processed. Also, extruded strips can be used for the production of flat parts.
• the flat parts are formed from the sheets by means of separation processes.
• punching, laser cutting, sawing or cutting are suitable as a separation process. other non-cutting or cutting separation methods.
• the first receptacle can be deep-drawn from the connection element or, for example, in two-part design of the first receptacle, punched.
• the first receiving element may be a collar.
• This collar can be formed, for example, during punching of the first receiving element from the connection element. Further, the collar may be formed by inserting a mandrel into the punch. On the collar then a second receiving element, for example by rotational friction welding, gluing or another, preferably cohesive, but also non-positive method can be attached.
• the first receiving element and / or projection element can also only the surface in the region of a punched in the first or. be the second connection element, with the second receiving element or. Projecting element is connected.
• the circuit breaker can be produced in a particularly favorable manner if the projection is formed in one piece from the flat part.
• the projection can be pulled out of the flat part. This can be done, for example, by means of ironing or deep drawing or deep drawing. done by bending.
• a stamp can be performed in the flat part, which forms in the flat part of the projection.
• the projection it is also possible for the projection to be attached to the flat part by means of material and / or non-positive joining. It is preferred if the projection is a deep-drawn pot corresponding to the recess.
• Particularly preferred here is the very cost-effective and rapid production of the circuit breaker, when the projection is pulled only during the joining of the first connection element with the second connection element from the flat part.
• the second connection element can be placed on the first connection element and a stamp can simultaneously form the projection and drive it into the first receptacle in order to join the connection elements together.
• Another object of this invention is a method for interrupting an electric current, in particular with a circuit breaker according to one or a combination of the previously described embodiments, in which a circuit breaker is flowed through by an activation current, in which the first and / or the second connection element heated by the Joule heat to the activation temperature at which the pyrotechnic separation unit is activated by the activation temperature and in which the activated pyrotechnic separation unit, the connection of the connection elements, in particular non-destructive dissolves and thus interrupts the current path.
• Fig. 1 a circuit breaker with a one-piece first receptacle
• Fig. 2 shows a circuit breaker with a two-part first receptacle
• Fig. 3 a circuit breaker with a tapered projection
• Fig. 4 a circuit breaker in a frictionally connected form
• Fig. 5 a circuit breaker in dissolved by the pyrotechnic separation unit form
• Fig. 6 an alternative embodiment with housing
• Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment with a housing in a form dissolved by the pyrotechnic separation unit
• Fig. 8 shows another embodiment
• Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment in dissolved by the pyrotechnic separation unit shape
• Fig. 10 a diagram of the current and temperature curves.
• Fig. 1 shows a circuit breaker for electrical supply lines, in particular power lines or battery cables, of motor vehicles, with a first connection element 1 and with a second connection element 3 frictionally connected to the first connection element 1.
• the state shown is the conductive state of the circuit breaker, between the first Connection element 1 and the second connection element 3 is a current path.
• a pyrotechnic separation unit 5 that can be thermally activated by at least one connection element 1, 3 is provided on the first connection element 1.
• connection elements 1, 3 are also formed from an electrically conductive flat part.
• the first connection element 1 has a first receptacle 7, which is integrally formed from the first connection element 1.
• the first receptacle 7 is a drawn from the first connection element 1 pot.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 is arranged in the first receptacle 7.
• the second connection element 3 has a projection 9 corresponding to the first receptacle 7.
• the projection 9 is arranged non-positively in the first receptacle 7.
• the projection 9 can, as shown in FIG. 1, integrally formed from the flat part of the second connection element 3.
• the projection 9 can be pulled out of the flat part and, for example, be a corresponding to the first receptacle 7, deep-drawn pot.
• the first receptacle 7 is formed from two receiving elements 11, 13.
• the first receiving element 11 is formed integrally from the first connecting element 1.
• the second receiving element 13 is connected to the first receiving element 11. This can be done for example by rotary friction welding.
• first the second receiving element 13 with the pyrotechnic separation unit 5, in particular a chemical mixture are filled. All other methods for attaching the second receiving element 13 can also be used. It only has to be ensured that a sufficient connection strength is produced.
• the receiving element 13 may be a previously manufactured sleeve, which is attached by friction welding to the first receiving element 11.
• the first receiving element 11 could be only one surface in the region of the punched-out portion of the first connecting element 1. In other words, the collar could be omitted. Then, the second receiving element 13 could cohesively with the surface or. the first receiving element 11 are connected.
• the second receiving element 13 may also be made of a material having a different resistivity than the first connecting element 1. This makes it particularly easy to influence the development of Joule's heat.
• Fig. 3 an alternative embodiment is shown, in which the projection 9 tapers in the direction extending from the flat part. This allows a particularly good transmission of the heating of the second connection element 3 or. of the projection 9 on the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 can be achieved.
• the projection 9 can be pulled out of the flat part during the joining of the first connection element 1 with the second connection element 3.
• the production can be effectively simplified and accelerated.
• the projection 9 can form a conical press fit with the first receptacle 7 after joining.
• At least one flat part is made of a metal sheet.
• at least one flat part may be formed from a sheet by means of a separation process.
• Fig. 4 is a circuit breaker in a force-locking and thus electrically connected position of the connection elements 1, 3 shown before the activation of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5.
• terminals 15a, 15b may be formed for connection to a battery terminal.
• the terminals 15 may be integral with the
• Connection elements 1, 3 may be formed. At the terminals 15 also points can be arranged in addition to the holes. The terminals 15 allow connection to battery terminals. This allows the current path between a battery terminal and the motor vehicle network are hedged.
• a current flow can run from terminal 15a via connection element 1, connection element 3 and connection 15b.
• the circuit breaker heats up so much at least in the area of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 that it ignites.
• the resulting by the ignition of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 gas pressure causes the projection 9 is pressed out of the first receptacle 7 and the current path between the connection element 1 and connection element 3 is interrupted.
• the constriction 17 serves the purpose of simplifying the release of the connection elements 1, 3.
• the connecting element 3 can be bent more easily along the constriction 17. When blowing off, therefore, a smaller force acts on the port 15.
• connection element 3 The position of the connecting elements 1, 3 resulting from the sequence shown above is shown in FIG. 5 shown.
• the projection 9 of the connection element 3 was blown out of the first receptacle 7 in the direction of the arrow A.
• Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of a circuit breaker according to one embodiment.
• the circuit breaker in addition to a catch housing 19.
• this catch housing 19 a part of the connection element 3 is pivoted after the ignition of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5.
• the catch housing prevents the connection element 3 can get into the engine compartment.
• a second receptacle 21 can also be provided in the second connecting element 3.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 can then be arranged in the second receptacle 21.
• a particularly compact design can be achieved if the second receptacle 21 is combined with the projection 9. Then, the first receptacle 7 may have a smaller depth.
• the projection 9 is thus arranged non-positively in the first receptacle 7, the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 in a second receptacle 21, which in turn is arranged on the projection 9.
• the first and / or second connection element 1, 3 may in each case have a notch 23.
• the electrically conductive cross section can be reduced at a favorable point and thus the Joule heat generated at this point can be increased.
• the notches 23 or other adjustments of the component geometry in the area of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 are provided.
• an O-ring 25 may be arranged, for example, on the circumference of the projection 7.
• the effect of a notch can also be created at this point.
• the gas pressure of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 can thus be utilized particularly well. Manufacturing tolerances in the manufacture of the Projection 9 and the first receptacle 7 occur, the O-ring can also compensate.
• Fig. 7 shows the circuit breaker from FIG. 6 in a position after the activation of the pyrotechnic separation unit 5.
• the connection element 3 is thereby released from the connection element 1, in particular non-destructive, and pivoted into the catching housing 19.
• connection elements 1, 3 are designed as tubes.
• the first connection element 1 has two receptacles 7a, 7b.
• the receptacle 7a serves to receive the projection 9 of the second connection element 3 and thus to the non-positive connection of the connection elements 1, 3.
• the electrically conductive state is shown.
• the second connection element 3 also has a receptacle 21.
• pyrotechnic separation units 5a and 5b are arranged.
• the method for interrupting a current in particular with a circuit breaker according to one of the previously illustrated exemplary embodiments, will now be explained in greater detail. It should be noted that the temperature curves are not absolutely related to the current can always be a temporal component on the temperature profile.
• the current profile is below the activation current I A ⁇ - This should preferably be below the maximum allowable current I MAX of the system to be protected, such as the connecting lines or the consumer.
• the electric current leads to a Joule heating of the connection elements.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 is also heated, wherein the temperature is below the activation temperature T AKT until the time t A ⁇ .
• the circuit breaker is designed as a function of the element to be protected in each case. These can be, in addition to the connection lines and consumers. It is crucial in each case that the pyrotechnic separation unit in combination with the connecting elements is chosen such that the pyrotechnic separation unit 5 reliably ignites before reaching the maximum permissible current I M ⁇ X .
• the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized by cost-effective and simple production.
• the pyrotechnic separation unit of the circuit breaker can be reassembled, so that an exchange of components can be omitted.
• connecting elements of this invention are included, which are designed as connecting rails and, for example, can separate a plurality of current paths.
• a connecting rail similar to a comb, could be provided.
• Each tooth of the comb can then have for itself a pyrotechnic separation unit and solve the current path to another connection element as described above.
• the individual current paths can be separated at different currents.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Fuses (AREA)
• Air Bags (AREA)
• Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
• Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
• Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
• Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)
• Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Conductive Materials (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

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• 2005
  • 2005-04-08 DE DE502005001423T patent/DE502005001423D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-04-08 EP EP05007772A patent/EP1710871B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-04-08 ES ES05007772T patent/ES2290809T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-04-08 AT AT05007772T patent/ATE372598T1/de active
  • 2005-04-08 PL PL05007772T patent/PL1710871T3/pl unknown
• 2006
  • 2006-03-22 US US11/910,496 patent/US7767921B2/en active Active
  • 2006-03-22 WO PCT/EP2006/060943 patent/WO2006106042A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2006-03-22 CN CN200680010772A patent/CN100592577C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-04-07 DE DE502006001340T patent/DE502006001340D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-04-07 PT PT06725662T patent/PT1866945E/pt unknown
  • 2006-04-07 US US11/910,588 patent/US8154377B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-04-07 PL PL06725662T patent/PL1866945T3/pl unknown
  • 2006-04-07 EP EP06725662A patent/EP1866945B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-04-07 ES ES06725662T patent/ES2312129T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-04-07 CN CN2006800107816A patent/CN101283427B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-04-07 DE DE202006020172U patent/DE202006020172U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-04-07 AT AT06725662T patent/ATE404986T1/de active
  • 2006-04-07 WO PCT/EP2006/061460 patent/WO2006077268A1/fr not_active Ceased

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