EP1891265A1 - Verfahren zur behandlung eines prozessgutes mit grossflächigem plasma - Google Patents
Verfahren zur behandlung eines prozessgutes mit grossflächigem plasmaInfo
- Publication number
- EP1891265A1 EP1891265A1 EP06763617A EP06763617A EP1891265A1 EP 1891265 A1 EP1891265 A1 EP 1891265A1 EP 06763617 A EP06763617 A EP 06763617A EP 06763617 A EP06763617 A EP 06763617A EP 1891265 A1 EP1891265 A1 EP 1891265A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- process material
- radicals
- voltage
- generated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims 13
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 41
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005495 cold plasma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282941 Rangifer tarandus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
- D21C9/007—Modification of pulp properties by mechanical or physical means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating a process material, wherein the process material, preferably with not ⁇ thermal, large-area plasma, preferably at Minim ⁇ least atmospheric pressure, brought into contact, the plasma is generated in the immediate proximity to the process material or in the pro ⁇ Zessgut or in the immediate vicinity of a gas discharge, in particular a corona discharge, preferably at least atmes ⁇ least atmospheric pressure is generated.
- process goods usually depends on a change in a molecular structure of the process material, in particular its surface from. For example, must pierindustrie or are treated by applying with certain substances in the textile industry, for example, whole process goods paper webs or textile webs in the whole Pa ⁇ .
- whole process goods paper webs or textile webs in the whole Pa ⁇ For example, whole process goods paper webs or textile webs in the whole Pa ⁇ .
- high-voltage pulses having a duration of less than 10 ⁇ s are generated between the electrodes for generating the plasma or the gas discharge.
- the use of such short high voltage single pulses has been found to be particularly advantageous, whereas the use of radio frequency (RF) or microwave pulses or high voltage single pulses of more than 10 ⁇ s in duration is far less efficient.
- RF radio frequency
- the pulse duration should be significantly shorter than corresponds to a build-up time of the complete breakdown time in the respective medium.
- the process material is an unwoven fiber in a suspension, in particular fibers or pulp, a paper to be produced, a cardboard to be produced, a cardboard to be produced, the starting materials for the production, and / or their intermediates during manufacture, in particular a moist or dry and / or unpressed sheet.
- the plasma is preferably produced by the process material at a distance of less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm.
- the process material is brought into contact with the plasma on both sides or treated by means of the gas discharge.
- the two-sided treatment of the process material with plasma enables a high treatment efficiency and a preference ⁇ as high penetration depth of eg aggressive Trä ⁇ gerst open in the process material.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the plasma or the gas discharge for bleaching the process material, in particular in a digester, in a bleaching container or in a line is used.
- the method can be used for treatment of the process material in an advantageous manner during the Trans ⁇ portes of the process material are already applied and thus a process time further shortened.
- the process material is brought into contact with at least one electrode for generating the plasma or the gas discharge.
- the method is applied to different types or states of process goods.
- radicals are generated in the plasma or by means of the gas discharge, which act on the process material.
- This Ra ⁇ cals cause a chemical reaction, for example with a bleaching effect that support to achieve the treatment goal the treatment process effectively.
- the process material prefferably be exposed within a process stage in a paper or cardboard production process to radicals of different types or compositions, preferably sequentially in time.
- an optimal treatmen ⁇ so development results achieved step by step.
- the plasma or the gas discharge is applied in such a way that as radicals increased ozone and / or hydrogen peroxide are formed.
- a generation rate of the radicals and / or the composition of the generated radicals is controlled by influencing an amplitude, a pulse duration and / or a pulse repetition rate of the high voltage pulses. Since, in addition to the nature and composition of the radicals, the concentration of the radicals is generated by an electrical process and thus very easily controllable in real time, such a method is very economical and can be readjusted within a very short time for different treatment results, e.g. in the context of self-learning algorithms.
- a concentration of the radicals produced is measured.
- concentration of the radicals is used as the actual value.
- a further increase of the targeted influence is attained because ⁇ by that transmission rate or to control and regulate the Erzeu- the composition of the radicals produced a property of the suspension, preferably a consolidsei ⁇ genschaft, in particular its opacity, gloss, whiteness, Fluo ⁇ reszenz or Color point, is measured. On the basis of the results of the measurement of the quality properties, a rejection is obtained, which makes it possible to optimally control the treatment process.
- the concentration or the property "online” is preferably measured. This is in view of an automated procedure, preferably with approximately components automation ⁇ and sensors are particularly advantageous, since the response to a varying quality characteristic is effected virtually simultaneously.
- the amplitude of the high voltage pulses is changed at a constant repetition rate for control.
- the repetition rate of the high-voltage pulses is changed at konstan ⁇ ter amplitude to the regulation-.
- a further increase of the treatment result is achieved because ⁇ by that the process material, preferably surfaces to lead, is enriched in plasmabeaufschlagten area with oxygen.
- the process material present as a suspension or pulp, or as Fa ⁇ serbrei it is particularly advantageous in view of the treatment result that, preferably less than 100 ns is used for bleaching, egg ⁇ ne high-voltage pulse duration.
- the electrodes of a bleaching device are arranged completely inside the suspension, it is very advantageous to work with small high-voltage pulse durations due to the high conductivity of the suspension. The higher the conductivity, for example the suspension, the more "resistive losses" can occur if the pulse duration is too long.
- high-voltage pulse duration is for flat distributed process material, in particular during screening, ns is used in 100 to 1 microseconds.
- "high-ohmic" suspensions cause “ohmic” losses and it is therefore advantageous to use pulses with a short pulse duration and a high edge steepness.
- high-voltage pulses having a duration of less than 3 microseconds, preferably less than 1 microseconds, preferably ⁇ less than 500 ns applied.
- the use of short pulses has the advantage that the largest part of the pulse energy is not converted into heat as an ohmic component and, on the other hand, a streamer discharge with efficient radical generation is generated.
- a corona threshold voltage is applied to the electrodes.
- a DC corona discharge is generated to generate the plasma or the corona discharge and the DC corona discharge the
- High voltage pulses are superimposed.
- the superimposition of the high-voltage pulses with a DC voltage has the particular advantage that the high-energy high-voltage pulses can already start from a very high energy level.
- a pulse repetition rate between 10 Hz and 5 kHz, in particular from the range of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, is used.
- the power injection of electrical energy into the plasma mainly on the regulation of Ampli tude ⁇ , pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, and is controlled of the superimposed high voltage pulses.
- a homogeneous, large-volume plasma with high power density is he witnesses ⁇ , without causing Plasmaeinschnürungen or fürschlä- comes.
- the generation rate can be kept high and constant, but if plasma constrictions or breakdowns occur, the production rate drops again.
- the applied Ge ⁇ tikamplitude (DC voltage + pulse amplitude) is above the stati ⁇ rule breakdown voltage of the electrode assembly.
- the amplitude of the high-voltage pulses is between 10% and 1000% of the DC voltage used.
- a gas flow is generated perpendicular to the electrode assembly.
- FIG 1 shows a schematic representation of a Toiletherstel ⁇ treatment plant with a screening device, a press device and a finishing and / or drying plant
- FIG 2 is a bleaching apparatus
- FIG. 3 shows a representation (section) of an arrangement for generating radicals in corona plasmas in pulp or air: parallel plate or tube arrangement with wire, which is superimposed on a pulsed high voltage
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of pulses for generating radicals in corona discharges in air or aqueous Media using short (typically ⁇ 1 ⁇ s) high voltage pulses with high pulse repetition rate
- FIG 5 to FIG 10 electrode assemblies and electrode systems for generating corona discharges plate-plate, plate-wire plate, coaxial wire tube, tip plate, multi-tip plate, grid plate (tube), grid lattice arrangements,
- FIG 11 is a hybrid discharge, wherein one electrode is completely above the medium on the sieve befin ⁇ det, whereas the second electrode through the screen itself is formed, 12 is a plate or grid configuration having curved O- ber lake to adapt to vessel walls or Using the same as an electrode, concentric electrodes in tube form to use the existing piping or towers for the pulp as a reactor vessel, Figure 13 shows a pulsed discharge in the near-surface gas space over headbox on the wire with multi-wire plate- te arrangement, and
- Wire tube with beaded, very finely divided gas bubbles, so that in the discharge region finest gas bubbles are present and a streamer formation takes place mainly in the gas bubbles.
- the papermaking plant 1 shows a schematic representation of a complex Pa ⁇ pierher einsstrom 1, as in present-day paper mills is used. Their construction and the combination of different aggregates are determined by the type of paper, cardboard and paperboard types to be produced as well as the raw materials used.
- the papermaking plant 1 has a spatial extent of about 10 m in width and about 120 m in length. Per minute, the paper ⁇ produces manufacturing facility up to 1400 m of paper 27. It takes only we ⁇ nige seconds from the first impact of the suspension or of the pulp 39 on the sieving device 9 to the finished paper 27, which is ultimately wound up in a reel 15 °.
- the Fa ⁇ hydro- 30 (see FIG 2) is applied together with excipients on the screening device 9 with the wire 10 degrees.
- the white water 23 can flow from ⁇ or are sucked by a plurality of Saughunt Schemee 24th In this way, a uniform fiber composite, which is further dehydrated by mechanical pressure in a press device 11 and with the aid of steam heat.
- the entire papermaking process is essentially subdivided into the areas of substance preparation , paper machine, finishing and equipment.
- Waste paper and, as a rule, also pulp reach a paper factory in dry form, while pulp is normally produced in the same factory and pumped into the material center 3 as a fiber / water mixture, ie a suspension of unvarnished fibers.
- waste paper pulp 30 (see Figure 2) are dissolved also with the addition of water in egg ⁇ nem fiber trough 35 (FIG 2).
- Non-paper components are discharged via various sorting aggregates (not shown here).
- the mixture of different raw materials are also added here to improve paper quality and increase productivity.
- the headbox 7 of the papermaking plant 1 distributes the pulp suspension uniformly over the entire sieve width.
- the paper web 27 still contains about 80% water.
- Another dewatering process is carried out by mechanical pressure in the press device 11.
- the paper web 27 is guided by means of an absorbent endless felt cloth between rolls of steel, granite or hard rubber and thereby dehydrated.
- the white water 23 taken up by the suction chamber region 24 is fed to a sorter 5 in part and returned to another part to a fabric scavenger 17.
- To the press apparatus 11 joins ei ⁇ ne drying plant. 13
- the remaining residual water is evaporated in the drying plant 13.
- the paper web 27 passes through several steam-heated drying cylinders. In the end, the paper 27 has a residual moisture of a few percent.
- the water vapor formed in the drying plant 13 is sucked off and fed into a heat recovery system, not shown ⁇ .
- a first electrode 43 below the screening device 9 and a second electrode 44 above the screening device 9 is arranged.
- the electrodes 43 and 44 are arranged such that the surface-distributed fiber suspension 39 extends between them. So that a large-area plasma under atmospheric pressure in the immediate vicinity of the fiber suspension 39 can be produced for the treatment of the fiber suspension 39, the electrodes 43 and 44 are connected to a high-voltage pulse generator 46. With the help of this high voltage pulse generator 46, a large-volume plasma with a large cross-section ⁇ and manufactured with high power density between the electrodes 43 and 44.
- a plasma density is homogeneously distributed over the treatment area which is covered by the electrodes 43 and 44.
- this large-volume plasma with a high power density is produced in that a DC corona Discharge intense, short-lasting high-voltage pulses are superimposed with a high pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz.
- a highly homogeneous, large-volume plasma with a high power density is produced without the plasma constrictions that are known in DC corona discharges.
- oxygen with argon as the carrier gas in the treatmen ⁇ lung space between the electrodes 43 and 44 are introduced by means of a gas distributor 81st
- oxygen-argon mixture it is particularly advantageous to generate hydroxyl radicals.
- Hydroxyl radicals are particularly aggressive and oxidizing, is characterized in which only a few seconds in the treatment area between the electrodes 43 and 44 lingering process material, it aims a bleaching effect ⁇ .
- FIG. 1 also shows a second exemplary embodiment of the application of the method according to the invention:
- an electrode system 47, 48 in the press device 11 generates a large-area plasma for the treatment of the paper web 27, which represents the process material here.
- the first electrode 47 in the press ⁇ device 11 is as a semicircular grid electrode out ⁇ leads. Due to the semicircular configuration of the electrode 47, it can follow the course of the paper web over a transport roller 12.
- the second electrode 48 in the press device 11 is designed as a plate electrode and is arranged such that the transport roller 12 can be guided between the electrodes 47 and 48.
- the plasma treatment area is optionally also supplied with an oxygen-argon mixture via the gas distributor 81 with the gas line 80 here.
- the pressing process compresses the paper structure, a strength increases and a surface quality is decisively influenced.
- the molecular structure of the paper surface is further changed ⁇ changed.
- the strength of the paper 27 is increased and improved printability.
- a streamer is a special form of a linearly moving plasma cloud or a developing discharge channel that forms due to the excited high external field strength. An assembly of such streamer takes place within less than 10 ns and merges very quickly into a thermal breakdown channel.
- Aforesaid Anord ⁇ voltages of the electrode systems, where the paper web is sawn between the used for the streamer discharge electrodes 27, is particularly advantageous, since the paper 27 thereby partially acts as a dielectric barrier, whereby the junction can be suppressed by the streamer breakdown.
- FIG. 2 shows a bleaching device 38 as a third application example.
- a raw material 30, in particular pulp, here the process material is conveyed via a conveyor belt 33 into a fiber trough 35.
- the raw material 30 is mixed with water and pumped via a pipeline 36 into a bleaching trough 37.
- a first electrode 43 'and second electrode 44' are each designed as a circular planar Git ⁇ terelektrode.
- the first electrode 43 ' is arranged in the gas space ⁇ of the filled into the bleaching trough 37 pulp fiber suspension 39.
- the second electrode 44 ' is in ⁇ Neren the bleaching tray 37 is arranged and is thus completeness dig covered by the pulp fiber suspension.
- the radicals OH “ , HOO " , O, O 3 are preferably produced in the suspension 39. These radicals trigger a bleaching chemical reaction.
- the high voltage pulse generator 46 is operated so as to clear high-voltage pulses with a duration of 1 s between the Elect ⁇ 43 'and 44' generated.
- a necessary for the generation of Radika ⁇ len and ozone in the pulp fiber suspension DC voltage is approximately at some 10 kV to 100 kV.
- the high voltage pulses are superimposed on the DC voltage to form a total amplitude of a few 10 kV to 500 kV.
- the radicals are generated in situ.
- large total amounts of radicals can be introduced into the suspension 39.
- the radicals are also very finely distributed in the suspension produced, so that the hitherto necessary effort for mixing chemicals with the suspension can be reduced.
- an oxygen-argon mixture which has been treated in a gas distributor 81, is introduced into the bleaching trough 37 via a gas line 80.
- FIG. 3 shows as a fourth application example, a Thomasdar ⁇ position of a bleaching vessel.
- a high voltage electrode 50 is arranged in the middle of the bleaching vessel.
- Therelyman ⁇ th of the bleaching vessel is as a counter electrode directed 51 Herge ⁇ .
- Herge ⁇ In the bleaching vessel is a pulp fiber suspension 39.
- a streamer 53 is shown between the electrodes 50 and 51. Radicals are generated in streamers in that high-energy electrons with molecules together ⁇ menieren and these dissociate or excite. Upon dissociation, radicals 59 are immediately released, while upon excitation by a subsequent radiant transition, UV light is generated. This generated UV light in turn reacts with water molecules and dissociates them.
- a first pulse 66 and a second pulse 67 each having a pulse width 62 of less than 10 ⁇ s, have a spacing of one pulse sweeping time 63.
- the abscissa shows the time in ms and the ordinate the voltage in kV. The units are chosen arbitrarily.
- a level of about 100 kV DC voltage coincides with the abscissa shown.
- the illustrated pulse voltage is therefore superimposed on the DC voltage.
- the pulses 66 and 67 have a strong rising
- the pulse repetition time 63 is typically between 10 ⁇ s and 100 ms.
- the individual pulses 66, 67 such total ⁇ amplitude that more than the predetermined DC voltage, a predetermined energy density is achieved.
- the pulse rise time 64 is short in comparison to the pulse ⁇ fall time. Through such kind of pulses is achieved that electric breakdowns, which would lead spatial and time ⁇ disturbances in the homogeneous plasma density distribution, are avoided.
- FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 show further examples of electrode systems for generating corona discharges in preferably aqueous media which can be used in the method according to the invention.
- a plate-plate is Anord ⁇ voltage of a first plate 70a shown as an electrode and a second plate 70b as an electrode.
- the first plate 70a and the second plate 70b are arranged parallel to each other.
- the first plate 70a constitutes the high-voltage electrode and is ⁇ -voltage pulse generator via a high voltage cable to the high ⁇ connected 46th
- the second plate 70b forms the counter electrode and is connected as a grounded electrode to the high voltage pulse generator 46 in connection.
- FIG. 1 A corresponding arrangement with specially flat plate ⁇ electrodes is shown in FIG.
- the high voltage electrode 71 is made of a solid wire and connected to the high voltage output of the high voltage pulse generator 46.
- the grounded plates 70a, 70c are also in communication with the high voltage pulse generator.
- FIG. 7 shows a wire-tube arrangement as an electrode system.
- a cylindrical electrode 72 projects centrally a high ⁇ voltage electrode 71 inside.
- As the high voltage electrode 71 ⁇ is implemented as a solid wire and connected to the high voltage pulse generator 46 in FIG. 6
- the cylindrical electrode 72 which is preferably configured as a braid Drahtge- is grounded and is connected to the high voltage pulse generator 46 in ⁇ compound.
- FIG. 8 shows a tip-plate arrangement as Elektrodensys ⁇ tem.
- Three tips 73 are connected to the high voltage pulse generator 46 via a high voltage line.
- the tips 73 are arranged at right angles to a grounded plate electrode 74.
- the distance of the tip electrodes 73 to the plate electrode 74 is adjustable and thus can be adapted for different process conditions.
- FIG. 9 shows an electrode system arrangement comprising 3 plates 70a, 70d and 70e.
- the first plate 70a which is connected as a high-voltage electrode to the high-voltage pulse generator 46, is arranged centrally between two solid plates 70d and 70e.
- the plates 70a and 70b are connected via ei ⁇ nen plate connector 70f. Since the plate 70d as a grounded counter electrode is in communication with the high voltage pulse generator 46, the plate 70e above the plate connector 70f also functions as a grounded counterelectrode.
- FIG. 10 shows an electrode system as a grid-grid Anord ⁇ tion. Analogous to FIG. 5, a first grid 75a is shown here and a second grid 75b parallel to one another.
- the first Git ⁇ ter 75a in this case forms the high voltage electrode and is connected to the high voltage pulse generator 46th
- the second grid 75b forms the grounded counter electrode and communicates with the high voltage pulse generator 46.
- a hybrid discharge wherein one electrode is fully 75a ⁇ constantly outside a to be bleached pulp 39, and a second electrode 76b fully or partially in the pulp 39 is submerged, is produced with the arrangement in Fig. 11
- the electrode 76a is designed as a grid electrode and is connected to the high-voltage pulse generator 46.
- the grounded counter-electrode 76b is also designed as a grid electrode.
- a Bleichbot ⁇ tich is shown with a vessel wall 77 in a plan view as another application example.
- a plate or grid arrangement with curved surfaces for adaptation to the vessel walls or use of the vessel walls is used as the electrode.
- Multiple wire electrode 79 is arranged as a concentric electrode, following the course of the vessel wall 77, and communicates with the high voltage pulse generator 46. It shall have two counter electrodes opposite Firstly, the vessel wall 77 and on the other hand a plate electrode 78.
- the high voltage electrode 79 is disposed ⁇ without contact between the vessel wall 77 and the plate electrode 78th
- the vessel wall 77 and the plate electrode 78 are electrically connected to ⁇ each other and thus form the grounded Gegenelekt- roden, which are connected to the high voltage pulse generator 46 in connection.
- a high voltage electrode 50 includes a plurality of electrically connected mitein ⁇ other rod electrodes and is arranged in the near-surface gas space 39 of the pulp such that their rods pa- run parallel to the surface.
- a grounded counter electrode 51 is designed as a solid plate and arranged in distributed over the entire surface equidistant distances to the high voltage electrode 50.
- FIG 14 shows a final embodiment, a ge ⁇ pulstes corona discharge system in an aqueous solution of the pulp o- 39.
- the electrode system is formed similar to the FIG 3 as a coaxial wire tube electrode system.
- the high voltage electrode 50 is disposed coaxially with the counter electrode 51 forming the vessel wall.
- the streamer mentioned in FIG. 3 preferably forms. On ⁇ the streamer fundamentally arise oxidants 57. There are thus generated in the suspension certain radicals.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005028046 | 2005-06-16 | ||
| DE102005049274A DE102005049274A1 (de) | 2005-06-16 | 2005-10-14 | Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Prozessgutes mit großflächigem Plasma |
| PCT/EP2006/063049 WO2006134075A1 (de) | 2005-06-16 | 2006-06-09 | Verfahren zur behandlung eines prozessgutes mit grossflächigem plasma |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1891265A1 true EP1891265A1 (de) | 2008-02-27 |
| EP1891265B1 EP1891265B1 (de) | 2009-05-27 |
| EP1891265B9 EP1891265B9 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
Family
ID=37012013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06763617A Not-in-force EP1891265B9 (de) | 2005-06-16 | 2006-06-09 | Verfahren zur behandlung eines prozessgutes mit grossflächigem plasma |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1891265B9 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE432383T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102005049274A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2325221T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006134075A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA973660A (en) * | 1972-05-29 | 1975-09-02 | Thomas Joachimides | Treatment of cellulosic matter with active nitrogen |
| CZ281826B6 (cs) * | 1993-10-27 | 1997-02-12 | Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Katedra Fyzikální Elektroniky Přírod. Fakulty | Způsob bělení a zvyšování adheze vlákenných materiálů k barvivům |
| JPH11247098A (ja) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-14 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 紫外線カット紙およびその製造方法 |
| DE19836669A1 (de) * | 1998-08-13 | 2000-02-24 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | Verfahren zur Oberflächen-Vorbehandlung von Papier oder Karton |
| EP1623072A1 (de) * | 2003-05-13 | 2006-02-08 | Università Degli Studi Di Milano - Bicocca | Verfahren zur plasmabehandlung von papier and karton |
-
2005
- 2005-10-14 DE DE102005049274A patent/DE102005049274A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-06-09 AT AT06763617T patent/ATE432383T1/de active
- 2006-06-09 WO PCT/EP2006/063049 patent/WO2006134075A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-06-09 DE DE502006003819T patent/DE502006003819D1/de active Active
- 2006-06-09 EP EP06763617A patent/EP1891265B9/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-06-09 ES ES06763617T patent/ES2325221T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006134075A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE432383T1 (de) | 2009-06-15 |
| DE502006003819D1 (de) | 2009-07-09 |
| EP1891265B9 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
| WO2006134075A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 |
| DE102005049274A1 (de) | 2006-12-28 |
| EP1891265B1 (de) | 2009-05-27 |
| ES2325221T3 (es) | 2009-08-28 |
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