EP1906088A2 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de purification de gaz d'échappement par régénération - Google Patents
Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de purification de gaz d'échappement par régénération Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1906088A2 EP1906088A2 EP07017365A EP07017365A EP1906088A2 EP 1906088 A2 EP1906088 A2 EP 1906088A2 EP 07017365 A EP07017365 A EP 07017365A EP 07017365 A EP07017365 A EP 07017365A EP 1906088 A2 EP1906088 A2 EP 1906088A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- heat exchanger
- combustion chamber
- bed
- temperature range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
- F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
- F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a thermal-regenerative exhaust air purification system, in which exhaust air loaded with volatile hydrocarbons is passed for heating through a heat exchanger, in particular a ceramic heat exchanger, and subsequently through a combustion chamber provided with a burner.
- a method of the above kind serves to remove the hydrocarbons from the exhaust air by total oxidation, so that the raw gas performing, polluted exhaust air can be discharged as pure gas, so without pollutants in the environment.
- the heat exchanger in particular has a plurality of beds which are operated alternately in different operating modes, namely crude gas operation, clean gas operation and flushing operation.
- crude gas operation the polluted exhaust air is passed through the bed, the bed was previously heated by passing, hot clean gas.
- the clean gas mode the hot, coming from the combustion chamber clean gas is passed through the corresponding bed, so that it is heated to then perform in the crude gas operation, the oxidation of hydrocarbons can.
- a bed In the rinsing operation, a bed is operated to ensure that when a bed passes from the raw gas operation to the clean gas operation, no raw gas enters the atmosphere, ie, it must be ensured that no raw gas is left in bed.
- pure gas originating from the combustion chamber is passed through the bed to be flushed and returned to the raw gas stream.
- This "excess temperature" in the heat exchanger (bed) with respect to the combustion chamber is due to liberated reaction energy of the highly loaded raw gas, which is still in bed, so has not yet reached the combustion chamber. This can lead to a relatively high temperature gradient occurring after the exhaust air inlet or before the clean gas outlet.
- This results in the beds for example, from autothermal operation, in which no support energy through the burner burner of the combustion chamber is necessary, go into a überautothermen operation, ie, the temperature in the beds increases, while the combustion chamber temperature is relatively low. It may happen, for example, that temperatures in the beds above 1000 ° C, while prevail in the combustion chamber only 800 ° C. High temperatures in the beds, especially hot spots in the beds, can lead to damage to the heat exchanger structure, in particular the heat exchange ceramics.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a thermal-regenerative air purification system, in which overheating of the beds and too high a temperature difference between the beds is avoided. Rather, the desired ratio between the respective bed temperature and the combustion chamber temperature is maintained.
- the burner of the combustion chamber is operated in different modes, wherein the respective mode of operation is dependent on both the heat exchanger temperature and the combustion chamber temperature.
- the temperatures in the heat exchanger and in the combustion chamber are first determined. These temperatures are the criterion of how the burner is operated. Due to the different burner operating modes, a greater or lesser amount of energy is introduced into the combustion chamber, whereby the procedure is such that overheating of the heat exchanger does not occur.
- the method step is provided such that a setting of a range of the reaction temperature within the plant takes place as a function of the heat exchanger temperature (bed temperature) and the combustion chamber temperature.
- gas is used as fuel of the burner.
- the normal operation takes place in a first temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature and in a first temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature
- that the injection operation takes place in a second temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature and a second temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature
- the second temperature ranges preferably above the are first temperature ranges
- the autothermal operation takes place when a third temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature and a third temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature is present, wherein the third temperature ranges are preferably above the second temperature ranges.
- a Studentsautotherm ist takes place, wherein the fourth temperature ranges are above the third temperature ranges.
- the discharged exhaust air which is pure gas, so no longer burdened by hydrocarbons, preferably passes directly into the open, so it is not used to heat a portion / a bed of the heat exchanger, that is, it is not from the combustion chamber in this area / passed into this bed, but past it (by bypass or short circuit) directly to the outside. If, at a later point in time, this area of the heat exchanger or the bed is used to heat untreated exhaust air before it flows into the combustion chamber, this exhaust air strikes a correspondingly less preheated heat exchanger substance as it flows through the area / bed. It is clear from this that overall the overall system is heated less.
- the exhaust air volume flow (clean gas) of the exhaust air flowing through the bypass / short circuit can be adjusted / adjusted by means of an adjusting device / closing device is.
- the heat dissipated directly to the outside can be adjusted / regulated.
- the heat exchanger has several, in particular three beds, which are operated alternately in the operating modes raw gas operation, clean gas operation and purge operation.
- the various types of operation have already been discussed at the beginning of the prior art, and this also applies to the subject matter of the invention.
- it is advantageous if the bed temperature in each of the beds is determined. For this purpose, appropriate temperature detection devices are installed in the beds.
- the procedure is such that, depending on the respective bed temperature of the beds, the beds are operated differently such that temperature differences of the bed temperatures are as small as possible or become zero.
- the different operation is carried out in particular such that the different operating modes are used, that is selected for the raw gas operation, the clean gas operation and / or the flushing that bed, for example, compared to the other or at least one other beds hotter or cooler, such that adjust the temperatures of the beds as quickly as possible. This also guarantees effective and long-lasting operation without causing damage.
- the use of the various modes of operation to equalize the bed temperature occurs when at least the temperature difference between one bed and another bed is> 250 ° C.
- the operation of the exhaust air purification system takes place as a function of a reaction temperature in a predetermined temperature range.
- both the combustion chamber temperature and the bed temperature are taken into account at the reaction temperature.
- operation management is not carried out as previously only taking into account the combustion chamber temperature, but taking into account all temperatures, that is, not only the combustion chamber temperature but also the bed temperature. Accordingly, then no longer the specifications for setting the exhaust air purification system as a function of the combustion chamber temperature - as usual today - met, but as a function of the combustion chamber temperature and the bed temperature. If it is a multi-bed system, the temperature of a bed or the temperatures of several beds can be used.
- the cycle time of the clean gas operation is extended, so that the temperature of the environment / Outside atmosphere discharged exhaust air increased.
- This measure leads to a reduction in temperature in the overall system, as by a longer passage of pure gas from the combustion chamber through the corresponding area / the corresponding bed of the heat exchanger, the heat is carried further through the bed of the heat exchanger, that is, emerging from this bed and exhaust air discharged to the outside atmosphere (clean gas) will have a higher exhaust air temperature, the longer this cycle time of the clean gas operation.
- FIG. 1 shows an exhaust air purification system 1, which has a heat exchanger 2 in the form of three beds 3, 4 and 5, which are equipped with ceramic honeycomb bodies.
- a heat exchanger 2 in the form of three beds 3, 4 and 5, which are equipped with ceramic honeycomb bodies.
- exhaust air K loaded with volatile hydrocarbons, which is crude gas, ie to free it from the hydrocarbons, it is passed through one of the beds 3 to 5, in FIG. 1 momentarily bed 4.
- the bed 4 is preheated to a high temperature, for example 800 ° C.
- the exhaust gas K enters a combustion chamber 6 of the exhaust air purification system 1, wherein in the combustion chamber 6, a burner 7 is arranged with a flame 8.
- the burner 7 generates a support temperature.
- the heat exchanger temperature WTT ie the temperature in at least one bed 3 to 5 of the heat exchanger 2 is unduly increased, in particular greater, than the combustion chamber temperature BKT in the combustion chamber 6.
- the temperature profile can continue to migrate into the beds 3 to 5, so that, for example, in the beds or in at least one bed 3 to 5 or in a region of a bed 3 to 5 a heat exchanger temperature WTT of 1000 ° C prevails, while in the combustion chamber a combustion chamber temperature BKT of 800 ° C is present. Too high temperatures in the heat exchanger 2 can lead to destruction of the ceramic components.
- the heat exchanger temperature WTT in the heat exchanger 2, in particular in the individual beds 3 to 5, is determined.
- the respective heat exchanger temperature WTT is determined in each bed 3 to 5.
- the combustion chamber temperature BKT is determined in the combustion chamber 6. The determination of the heat exchanger temperature and the combustion chamber temperature is carried out in each case by means of at least one suitable temperature sensor.
- the burner 7 can be operated in different burner operating modes. In normal operation of the burner 7 this is operated with continuous, stoichiometric flame by supplying a fuel, in particular gas. Furthermore, an injection operation is possible in which alternately an operation of the burner takes place with fuel and with fuel and air. In other words, additional air is injected. The air can be injected with a burner lance. However, this is not continuous, but alternating with the pure fuel operation, again as fuel in particular Gas is used. The combustion therefore does not take place stoichiometrically and as mentioned alternately. Finally, an autothermal operation of the exhaust air purification system 1 is possible, is operated in the flame without, ie, the burner 7 is not in operation. The fuel supply is turned off.
- the system maintains a correspondingly high, the exhaust gas purification temperature serving, in particular, that a total oxidation of the hydrocarbons in the corresponding bed 3 to 5 of the heat exchanger 2 without the Stützbeflammung the burner 7 takes place, whereby heat is formed by this oxidation.
- the burner operation is adjusted as a function of the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT, ie, depending on which temperatures are present, the burner operated either in normal operation, in injection mode or in autothermal operation.
- the diagram of Figure 3 illustrates a first approach, at which temperatures the burner 7 is operated in which burner mode.
- the first temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature is 750 ° C to 800 ° C.
- the first temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT is 750 ° C to 800 ° C.
- the second temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT is 800 ° C to 820 ° C.
- the second temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature is 800 ° C to 820 ° C.
- the third temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT is 820 ° C to 850 ° C and the third temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT is 820 ° C to 850 ° C. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are in the respective first temperature range, normal operation takes place. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are within the respective second temperature range, then the injection operation of the burner 7 is run. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are each within the third temperature range, the autothermal operation is performed, ie, the burner 7 is switched off. If the method for operating the thermal-regenerative exhaust air purification system 1 is carried out according to the above rules, overheating of the beds 3 to 5 is avoided.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the procedure. It can be seen that - viewed from left to right - an autothermal operation takes place when the combustion chamber temperature BKT> 750 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature WTT> 820 ° C. This autothermal operation is also carried out when the combustion chamber temperature BKT> 820 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature WTT ⁇ 750 ° C.
- the autothermal operation is identified by the reference symbol A.
- the induction operation I is carried out when the combustion chamber temperature BKT> 750 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature> 800 ° C. Further, the injection operation I is performed when the combustor temperature BKT is> 800 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature WTT ⁇ 750 ° C.
- Normal operation N occurs when the combustion chamber temperature BKT ⁇ 800 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature WTT> 750 ° C. Furthermore, the normal operation N occurs when the combustion chamber temperature BKT> 650 ° C and the heat exchanger temperature WTT ⁇ 750 ° C.
- the beds are operated in such different ways that differences in the bed temperatures are minimized as far as possible or become zero. It is therefore desirable that in the beds 3 to 5 about the same temperatures (within certain ranges) are present, but not very large differences.
- the beds are not operated according to a fixed cycle concerning the raw gas operation, the clean gas operation and the purge mode, but that the respective operating mode raw gas operation, clean gas operation and purge operation is selected depending on existing temperature differences between the beds 3 to 5. In the different operating modes, different amounts of energy, which lead to a warming, entered in the beds 3 to 5.
- FIG. 5 shows a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 which, in addition to the normal operation, induction operation and autothermal operation, as well as these modes of operation for FIG. 3, furthermore also identifies an overautothermal operation.
- a Mathautotherm tribe is present when the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the exhaust heat in the heat exchanger is so much heat is released by the oxidation, that is, a further increase in temperature in the heat exchanger and / or in the combustion chamber 6, so there is no equilibrium state, but despite off burner 7 there is a temperature rise in the system.
- FIG. 5 shows a fourth temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT and a fourth temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT.
- the first temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature is 750 ° C to 800 ° C.
- the first temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT is 750 ° C to 800 ° C.
- the second temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT is 800 ° C to 820 ° C.
- the second temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature is 800 ° C to 820 ° C.
- the third temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT is 820 ° C to 840 ° C and the third temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT is 820 ° C to 840 ° C.
- the fourth temperature range of the heat exchanger temperature WTT is 840 ° C to 860 ° C.
- the fourth temperature range of the combustion chamber temperature BKT is 840 ° C to 860 ° C. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are in the respective first temperature range, normal operation takes place. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are within the respective second temperature range, then the injection operation of the burner 7 is run.
- the autothermal operation is performed, that is, the burner 7 is switched off. If the heat exchanger temperature WTT and the combustion chamber temperature BKT are in the fourth temperature range, an overautothermal operation takes place in which, despite the burner 7 switched off, the temperature in the combustion chamber 6 and / or the heat exchanger would continue to rise sharply unless at least one of the following measures is taken.
- the first measure provides that heat is dissipated to the outside atmosphere, that a portion of the clean gas from the combustion chamber 6 is passed directly to the outside, so is no longer used to heat the heat exchanger for later heating of not yet purified exhaust air.
- an unillustrated bypass / short circuit is provided, that is, thereby a portion of the clean gas from the combustion chamber 6 - according to Figure 1 - not passed over the bed 5 and / or the bed 3, but directly into the environment outside atmosphere (arrow 9 , Figure 1).
- the rest of the clean gas the combustion chamber is used-as usual-for heating the bed 3 and / or the bed 5.
- the cycle time is increased, while the (currently) from the combustion chamber 6 clean gas flows through the bed 3 or 5, so that the bed 3 or 5 accordingly - over considered its bed height - is heated over a longer distance, that is, the temperatures migrate - according to Figure 1 - further from top to bottom through the bed, so that the total leaves the respective bed 3 or 5 leaving, purified exhaust air with higher temperature below and Accordingly, exhaust air at a higher temperature according to arrow 9 is discharged to the outside atmosphere. This heat energy is discharged from the system, so that a total of overheating can be avoided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006042708 | 2006-09-12 | ||
| DE102007032952A DE102007032952B4 (de) | 2006-09-12 | 2007-07-14 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer thermisch-regenerativen Abluftreinigungsanlage |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1906088A2 true EP1906088A2 (fr) | 2008-04-02 |
| EP1906088A3 EP1906088A3 (fr) | 2011-05-11 |
| EP1906088B1 EP1906088B1 (fr) | 2016-06-08 |
Family
ID=38626873
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07017365.3A Active EP1906088B1 (fr) | 2006-09-12 | 2007-09-05 | Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de purification de gaz d'échappement par régénération |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1906088B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102007032952B4 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2585232T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12281792B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2025-04-22 | Dürr Systems Ag | Method for purifying a raw gas stream and purification device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2105663B1 (fr) | 2008-03-28 | 2016-01-06 | Cesare Baldassari | Dispositif d'exécution de processus thermiques, dans lesquels une flamme est utilisée comme source d'énergie thermique |
| DE102013224212A1 (de) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-05-28 | Caverion Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gasoxidationsanlage |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5364259A (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1994-11-15 | Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc. | Process and apparatus for gas phase reaction in a regenerative incinerator |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1940371A (en) * | 1930-05-06 | 1933-12-19 | Research Corp | Apparatus for heating gases |
| US4650414A (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1987-03-17 | Somerset Technologies, Inc. | Regenerative heat exchanger apparatus and method of operating the same |
| ATA116889A (de) * | 1989-05-17 | 1997-11-15 | Kanzler Walter | Verfahren zur thermischen abgasverbrennung |
| US5163829A (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1992-11-17 | Thermo Electron Wisconsin, Inc. | Compact regenerative incinerator |
| US5538693A (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-07-23 | Tellkamp Systems, Inc. | Varying switching temperature set-point method for bed flow reversal for regenerative incinerator systems |
| US5837205A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-11-17 | Megtec Systems, Inc. | Bypass system and method for regenerative thermal oxidizers |
| US5823770A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-10-20 | Monsanto Company | Process and apparatus for oxidizing components of a feed gas mixture in a heat regenerative reactor |
| US7017592B2 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2006-03-28 | Pro-Environmental Inc. | Regenerative fume-incinerator with on-line burn-out and wash-down system |
| US20080113306A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2008-05-15 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. | Burner Control Sensor Configuration |
| DE102004022737B4 (de) * | 2004-05-07 | 2006-01-12 | Johannes Dipl.-Ing. Schedler | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von aerosol- und staubbelasteten Abgasströmen |
| DE102006034032B4 (de) * | 2006-07-22 | 2019-10-17 | Dürr Systems Ag | Thermische Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur thermischen Abgasreinigung |
-
2007
- 2007-07-14 DE DE102007032952A patent/DE102007032952B4/de active Active
- 2007-09-05 ES ES07017365.3T patent/ES2585232T3/es active Active
- 2007-09-05 EP EP07017365.3A patent/EP1906088B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5364259A (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1994-11-15 | Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc. | Process and apparatus for gas phase reaction in a regenerative incinerator |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12281792B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2025-04-22 | Dürr Systems Ag | Method for purifying a raw gas stream and purification device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1906088B1 (fr) | 2016-06-08 |
| DE102007032952B4 (de) | 2010-07-08 |
| DE102007032952A1 (de) | 2008-03-27 |
| ES2585232T3 (es) | 2016-10-04 |
| EP1906088A3 (fr) | 2011-05-11 |
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