EP1920643B1 - Ballast pour une lampe a decharge a prechauffage adaptatif - Google Patents

Ballast pour une lampe a decharge a prechauffage adaptatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1920643B1
EP1920643B1 EP06806735A EP06806735A EP1920643B1 EP 1920643 B1 EP1920643 B1 EP 1920643B1 EP 06806735 A EP06806735 A EP 06806735A EP 06806735 A EP06806735 A EP 06806735A EP 1920643 B1 EP1920643 B1 EP 1920643B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electronic ballast
electrodes
electrode
correlated
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06806735A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1920643A1 (fr
Inventor
Olaf Busse
Markus Heckmann
Reinhard Lecheler
Alfons Lechner
Siegfried Mayer
Thomas Pollischansky
Bernd Rudolph
Bernhard Schemmel
Kay Schmidtmann
Harald Schmitt
Thomas Siegmund
Arwed Storm
Horst Werni
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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Publication of EP1920643A1 publication Critical patent/EP1920643A1/fr
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Publication of EP1920643B1 publication Critical patent/EP1920643B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for discharge lamps, specifically for such discharge lamps having preheatable electrodes.
  • Electronic ballasts for the operation of discharge lamps are known per se.
  • an electronic ballast from a given supply for example a mains supply, generates a supply power for a connected discharge lamp, which has the characteristics necessary for the operation of the discharge lamp, in particular a high-frequency AC voltage supply.
  • the electrodes of a discharge lamp are preheated prior to the ignition of the discharge. In this way, the emissivity of the electrodes can be improved and extend their life.
  • a preheat process typically lasts between 0.4 s and just over 2 s and occurs after a preheat program set in a scheduler.
  • a ballast according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 199 56 391 known.
  • the invention is based on the problem of specifying an improved ballast for discharge lamps with preheatable electrodes.
  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating a discharge lamp with preheatable electrodes, characterized in that it comprises a measuring device which is designed to repeatedly measure, during the preheating process, a size correlated to the electrode temperature of at least one of the electrodes of a connected discharge lamp and a control device which is designed to respond in a non-monotonous manner to the value correlated to the electrode temperature on the measurement to ignite the discharge.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a desired short preheating time can be achieved with the use of the largest possible preheating currents or preheating voltages, but when the voltage across an electrode of a connected discharge lamp during the preheating process exceeds a critical value, but a transverse discharge can occur.
  • Transverse discharges are not desirable, i.a. because with a transverse discharge the electrode temperature decreases again. At lower temperatures, the electrode is less emissive and igniting the discharge at too low a temperature increases the wear of the electrode.
  • Transverse discharges can be detected at such a temperature decrease of an electrode during the preheating process.
  • a decrease in temperature across an electrode can be detected by a nonmonotonic history of a value correlated to electrode temperature within the preheat time. For example, with a transverse discharge across the electrode, your resistance and the voltage drop across it also decrease. However, the current through the electrode increases due to the lower resistance. How strongly these behaviors are pronounced also depends on whether the heating power supply has more of a voltage source characteristic or a current source characteristic. Really, the properties of the heating power supply will be between these extremes.
  • the electronic ballast according to the invention has a measuring device which is designed to measure the temperature of one or both electrodes of a connected discharge lamp during the preheating process. For the measurement of the electrode temperature, any correlated property can be measured. Suitable quantities are dealt with within the scope of the dependent claims.
  • the electronic ballast according to the invention has a control device which responds to the measurement of the measuring device. If there is a nonmonotonic course of a variable correlated to the electrode temperature, the control device initiates the ignition of the discharge.
  • the quantity correlated to the electrode temperature, which is used for cross-discharge detection is the voltage across one of the electrodes. If a transverse discharge occurs, the voltage over the affected electrode breaks down to a certain extent.
  • the electrode resistance during the preheating time results from the preheating voltage and the preheating current, so it is easy to determine.
  • the electronic ballast has a pronounced current source characteristic, it is more appropriate to observe the voltage across one of the electrodes for cross-discharge detection. Is this electronic ballast a pronounced voltage source, it offers a transverse discharge detection on the quotient of hot and cold resistance, which is determined by an (additional) current measurement on.
  • the size to be measured is the quotient of the current electrode resistance and the cold resistance.
  • the cold resistance of an electrode is understood here to mean the resistance of an electrode when its temperature corresponds to the room temperature (20 ° C.).
  • the quotient of actual electrode resistance, ie the heat resistance, and the cold resistance, as well as the electrode resistance itself, are approximately proportional to the temperature of the electrodes. Since it is divided by the cold resistance, but a normalized in this regard size is used. This is interesting because the cold resistance can vary from lamp to lamp, but does not say anything about the temperature during the preheating process.
  • the control device can be designed to carry out the determination of the quotient of the heat resistance measured by the measuring device and the cold resistance likewise measured by the measuring device.
  • the discharge is ignited. More preferably, when the discharge is fired from a lower limit of 4.5 and, independently, to an upper limit of 6.
  • Intervention of the control circuit in the course of the preheating process is useful not only in the cases described above in the form of premature ignition of the discharge, but also in response to the measurement in the form of an adjustment of the operating parameters of the electronic ballast, because simply carrying out a predetermined preheating operation may lead to an unsatisfactory result of the preheating operation, even if, as in the above-described embodiments of the invention, the discharge is initiated early.
  • the preheating process may be different for each individual discharge lamp.
  • a different from lamp to lamp course of preheating can be due to manufacturing tolerances, especially the preheatable electrodes, or in ambient temperature differences.
  • the control device compares the measured values of the measuring device with standard values of the value correlated to the electrode temperature. If there is a deviation between the measured and standard values, the control device adapts the following course of the preheating process by changing an operating parameter of the electronic ballast, so that the expected deviation between a subsequent measurement and a corresponding standard value becomes smaller. This process is therefore a regulation.
  • Examples of operating parameters of the electronic ballast which are suitable for adjusting the course of the electrode temperature during the preheating process are: the Vortexstrom through the electrodes, the Vortexschreib to the electrodes, the frequency of the electronic ballast generated high-frequency AC power supply, the duty cycle just this AC power supply and the height of the DC power supply.
  • the standard values of the quantity correlated to the electrode temperature are available for comparison by the control device, these can be stored in a memory device within the electronic ballast, or else hard-wired in the form of an electronic circuit, for example a circuit, which threshold value elements (Comparators) to which the measured values are fed and whose thresholds decide whether there is a deviation from the standard values.
  • a circuit which threshold value elements (Comparators) to which the measured values are fed and whose thresholds decide whether there is a deviation from the standard values.
  • Such a circuit could simultaneously implement the control device as well.
  • the preferred embodiment of the electronic ballast can also have increased flexibility when using different lamp types. Although different types of lamps may have different electrodes, the control circuit can be used to effect an efficient preheating process.
  • the value correlated to the electrode temperature during the preheating process is measured at least every 100 ms. In the usual preheating so several measurements during the preheating process are possible.
  • the electronic ballast can be operated not only with one, but with several different types of lamps, it can be used advantageously a lamp type detection.
  • the lamp type is determined by measuring the cold resistance of an electrode of a connected discharge lamp.
  • the memory device is designed for each lamp type a set of matching preheat parameters For example, the preheating time, default values for the heating current and the heating voltage and maximum values for heating voltage and heating current. If the electronic ballast has detected the connected lamp type on the basis of the cold resistance, then the control device controls the preheating process in accordance with the standard values corresponding to the lamp type.
  • the electronic ballast may be provided with a timer to determine if the power interruption was shorter than a predetermined duration. If this is the case, then no measurement of the cold resistance is carried out after the power interruption, otherwise already.
  • the invention thus also relates in principle to a method for operating a discharge lamp equipped with preheatable electrodes, comprising the steps of: connecting the discharge lamp, repeatedly measuring a value correlated to the electrode temperature of at least one of the electrodes of a connected discharge lamp during the preheating process with a measuring device, igniting the discharge a non-monotonic course of the value correlated to electrode temperature by a control device which responds to the measurement, and also relates to the embodiments implicitly and subsequently also explained for this method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an electronic ballast according to the invention.
  • the electronic ballast is fed from the mains supply lines N1 and N2.
  • a generator G generates from the given mains supply N1, N2 a supply power for a connected low-pressure discharge lamp LA.
  • the generator G includes a rectifier for rectifying the AC voltage supply, a power factor correction circuit for a possible sinusoidal current drain from the mains supply, a DC link capacitor and a half-bridge inverter, wherein the supply to the DC link capacitor over Halbmaschineninverters necessary DC voltage is applied.
  • the half-bridge inverter generates a high-frequency alternating voltage between the output A1 and the reference potential GND or the other potential of the intermediate circuit voltage.
  • a series circuit of a lamp inductor L, a coupling capacitor CC, a lamp terminal KL1A, the low-pressure discharge lamp LA, a lamp terminal KL2A and a resistor R1 is connected.
  • a series circuit of a lamp terminal KL1B, a resonance capacitor CR and a lamp terminal KL2B is connected.
  • the electrode E1 Between the lamp terminals KL1A and KL1B is the electrode E1 and between the lamp terminals KL2A and KL2B is the electrode E2.
  • connection node K1 Between the lamp terminal KL2A and the resistor R1 is a connection node K1. Between a second output at the generator A2 and the connection node K1, a control device C and a measuring device M is connected.
  • the control device C and the measuring device M are part of a microcontroller, and are therefore drawn with a common enclosure. Both the control device C and the measuring device M have a reference to the reference potential GND.
  • the control device C can set operating parameters of the generator G via a control line SL, here the heating current.
  • the measuring device is connected via the node K1 in series with the reference potential GND. Furthermore, the measuring device M is connected in series with the resonance capacitor CR via the lamp terminal KL2B. Between the resonant capacitor CR and the measuring device M is a connection node K2. At this connection node, the lamp terminal KL2B is connected.
  • the voltage dropped across the resistor R1 is proportional to that through the electrode E2 between the lamp terminals KL2A and KL2B flowing electricity.
  • the voltage across the resistor R1 can be detected by the measuring device M.
  • the voltage between the lamp terminals KL2A and KL2B can also be detected by the measuring device M.
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical course of a correlated to the electrode temperature of the low-pressure discharge lamp LA size during the preheating process.
  • the measuring device M measures, here 10 times, the resistance RW of the electrode E2 between the lamp terminals KL2A and KL2B during the preheating time.
  • the preheating process starts at time t0 and ends at time t1.
  • the resistance RW of the electrode also increases and reaches its highest value until the end of t1 of the preheating time, here after 0.5 s.
  • the electrode resistance has the value RK, its cold resistance.
  • the quotient of RW and RK is shown as a function of time, which reaches the value 5 at the end t1 of the preheating time, which corresponds to an electrode temperature of almost 800 ° C.
  • FIG. 3a shows a time course of the quotient of hot and cold resistance and FIG. 3b shows the associated heating current IE2, the heating current through electrode 2, which is adjusted during the preheating process.
  • the control device C five standard values for the quotient of hot and cold resistance and the heating current appearing in the course of the preheating process are stored for different lamp types.
  • the measuring device M determines the cold resistance of the electrode E2. Based on the cold resistance RK of the electrode E2, the lamp type is detected and the standard values corresponding to the detected lamp type are selected as a comparison scale for the control device C for the preheating process.
  • the crosses in the FIGS. 3a and 3b each correspond to the default values stored in the control device.
  • FIG. 3a corresponds to the actual course of the Quotients of hot and cold resistance and the solid line in FIG. 3b corresponds to the actual course of the heating current during the preheating time.
  • the controller adapts and increases the heating current so that the quotient of hot and cold resistance has a greater slope.
  • the heating current change is here proportional to the difference between the measured quotient of the hot and cold resistance and the associated standard value.
  • FIG. 4 shows the quotient of RW and RK as a function of time during the preheat process for two different preheat operations.
  • the preheating process is completed at time t1.
  • the quotient reaches the value 5 before the expected end t1 of the preheating time. However, when the quotient reaches 5, the electrode is hot enough and the discharge is ignited.
  • the initially increased temperature of the electrode drops again. This is in FIG. 5 is shown and also expressed in that the quotient of the current electrode resistance RW and the cold resistance RK decreases.
  • the measuring device M here takes ten measurements of the electrode resistance RW in the interval between t0 and t1. If the electrode resistance falls within this interval after it has risen first, this is an indication of a transverse discharge; the discharge is ignited.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ballast électronique pour faire fonctionner une lampe ( LA ) à décharge ayant des électrodes ( E1, E2 ) pouvant être préchauffées, comprenant
    - un dispositif ( M ) de mesure qui est conçu pour mesurer de manière répétée pendant l'opération de préchauffage une grandeur ( RW, UKL2 ) corrélée à la température d'électrode d'au moins l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ) d'une lampe ( LA ) à décharge raccordée,
    caractérisée en ce que le ballast a un dispositif ( C ) de commande qui est conçu pour amorcer la décharge pour une courbe non monotone de la grandeur ( RW, UKL2 ) corrélée à la température d'électrode en réaction à la mesure.
  2. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la grandeur ( RW ) corrélée à la température d'électrode est la tension ( UKL2 ) aux bornes de l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ).
  3. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la grandeur ( RW, UKL2 ) corrélée à la température d'électrode est la résistance ( RW ) de l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ).
  4. Ballast électronique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le circuit ( C ) de commande est conçu pour déterminer le quotient ( RW/RK ) de la résistance ( RW ) à chaud instantanée à la résistance ( RK ) à froid initiale de l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ).
  5. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 4, qui est conçu pour amorcer la décharge si le quotient ( RW/RK ) de la résistance à chaud à la résistance à froid ( RW/RK ) dépasse une limite supérieure.
  6. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 5, dans lequel la limite supérieure est supérieure ou égale à 4 et inférieure ou égale à 7.
  7. Ballast électronique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif ( C ) de commande est conçu pour adapter pendant l'opération de préchauffage, en réaction à la mesure, la température d'électrode en réglant un paramètre de fonctionnement du ballast électronique.
  8. Ballast électronique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif ( M ) de mesure est conçu pour mesurer la grandeur ( RW, UKL2 ) corrélée à la température d'électrode au moins toutes les 100 ms.
  9. Ballast électronique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, qui a un dispositif ( C ) de mémorisation et dans lequel les valeurs normalisées des grandeurs ( RW, UKL2 ) corrélées à la température d'électrode pour divers types de lampes sont mémorisées dans le dispositif ( C ) de mémorisation et dans lequel le dispositif de mesure est conçu pour
    - après le branchement du ballast électronique et avant le début de l'opération de préchauffage des électrodes ( E1, E2 ) relever la résistance ( RK ) à froid de l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ), le type de lampe,
    - détecter le type de lampe au moyen de la résistance ( RK ) à froid de l'une des électrodes ( E1, E2 ) et
    - électionner les valeurs normalisées correspondant au type de lampe détecté, comme échelle de comparaison pour le dispositif ( C ) de commande de l'opération de préchauffage.
  10. Ballast électronique suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, pour faire fonctionner une lampe ( LA ) à décharge à basse pression.
EP06806735A 2005-08-31 2006-08-30 Ballast pour une lampe a decharge a prechauffage adaptatif Not-in-force EP1920643B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200520013753 DE202005013753U1 (de) 2005-08-31 2005-08-31 Vorschaltgerät für eine Entladungslampe mit adaptiver Vorheizung
PCT/EP2006/065811 WO2007025983A1 (fr) 2005-08-31 2006-08-30 Ballast pour une lampe a decharge a prechauffage adaptatif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1920643A1 EP1920643A1 (fr) 2008-05-14
EP1920643B1 true EP1920643B1 (fr) 2009-08-19

Family

ID=35433670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06806735A Not-in-force EP1920643B1 (fr) 2005-08-31 2006-08-30 Ballast pour une lampe a decharge a prechauffage adaptatif

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1920643B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009506510A (fr)
CN (1) CN101253817A (fr)
DE (2) DE202005013753U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007025983A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010511969A (ja) * 2006-07-31 2010-04-15 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 放電ランプの電極加熱のための方法及び回路
US7560867B2 (en) * 2006-10-17 2009-07-14 Access Business Group International, Llc Starter for a gas discharge light source
DE102008012452A1 (de) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltung zum Beheizen und Überwachen der Heizwendeln mindestens einer mit einem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät betriebenen Gasentladungslampe auf Wendelbruch

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0266894A (ja) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-06 Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp 低圧水銀蒸気放電灯の点灯方法およびその装置
DE59209173D1 (de) * 1992-10-28 1998-03-05 Knobel Lichttech Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden von Leuchtstofflampen bei vorbestimmter Temperatur der Lampenkathoden
US5424611A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-13 At&T Corp. Method for pre-heating a gas-discharge lamp
JPH10340791A (ja) * 1997-06-06 1998-12-22 Tec Corp 放電灯点灯装置
US6140772A (en) * 1999-07-26 2000-10-31 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Method and apparatus for control of fluorescent lamps
DE19956391A1 (de) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-31 Nobile Ag Verfahren und Vorschaltgerät zum Starten und Betreiben einer Leuchtstofflampe
JP3801034B2 (ja) * 2001-11-30 2006-07-26 松下電工株式会社 放電灯点灯装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006004609D1 (de) 2009-10-01
WO2007025983A1 (fr) 2007-03-08
CN101253817A (zh) 2008-08-27
DE202005013753U1 (de) 2005-11-17
JP2009506510A (ja) 2009-02-12
EP1920643A1 (fr) 2008-05-14

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