Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
  • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
  • E04B1/483—Shear dowels to be embedded in concrete
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
  • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
  • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins

Definitions

• the invention relates to a connection system for the mechanical connection of at least two components.
• connection technology a variety of connection systems, e.g. known for the connection of components such as natural or artificial stones and supports made of wood or metal.
• the construction of mortared brick walls comprises, in addition to laying the bricks, a step of preparing the mortar, a step of applying the mortar to the bricks, and a step of setting the mortar during which the bonding of the building elements is formed.
• the step of applying the mortar must be carried out within a certain period of time after the preparation of the mortar before the mortar starts to set.
• the layering of the bricks is limited to a certain number of rows before adding more rows of bricks to the bricks connected by the hardened mortar are, can be piled up. This causes delays due to breaks in construction.
• the typical processing temperature of cement mortar is above 5 0 C. Temperatures below 0 ° C present a problem because the water commonly used to prepare the mortar is floated. In addition, increased temperatures and humidity can affect the properties and processing of certain mortars.
• the position of the individual bricks is determined by the positioning when stacking. Therefore, to achieve an accurate wall, some crafting skills are needed and expensive, skilled workers are needed.
• Inner walls with positioning devices which help to position the components relative to each other.
• positioning devices e.g. Tongue and groove systems must be attached to the components during their manufacture.
• the complete molded components can then be joined together and e.g. be connected with adhesive.
• Adhesive-free compounds of components are known, for example from the field of wood joints.
• a variety of different pin connections is known, for example from the carpentry, such as the dovetail connection, which allows an interlocking connection of two components.
• the use of adhesive-free dowel joints is also known for wooden components.
• the German patent DE 1 107 910 teaches a connection of two components, which is produced by a flexible dowel. The flexible dowel is inserted in two holes in two components. The axes of the holes are slightly inclined relative to the normal of the device surfaces. The holes in the
• Components form an obtuse angle when the components are compressed and the dowel is bent according to this obtuse angle.
• two or more dowels are used.
• the inclination of the hole axis to the surface points in a direction other than the inclination of the associated hole axis of the hole in the adjacent component.
• the teachings of the '910 patent are limited to wood and woody materials. Specifically, the '910 patent addresses the problem of airlocks between the dowel and the hole which, as the ambient temperature increases, may cause the connection to explode explosively due to the expansion of this trapped air.
• the '910 patent describes a method of how this solution of the connection can be prevented by milling in the dowel.
• connection systems are very universally applicable.
• a problem with such connection systems is the accessibility to the screw head and nut, e.g. when a plurality of rows of devices such as e.g. Building blocks is assembled to form a wall. The underside of a building block is no longer easily accessible after fixing the row.
• Another problem is the accidental loosening of screw-type connections. An access to screws, which are inserted along the construction direction of the wall, is no longer possible when the wall is completed.
• the '687 application teaches a system for mechanical connection of components in which special connectors are attached to the components.
• the Fasteners are fastened to the components with screws before the components are connected.
• the fasteners provide the teeth when assembling the components, so that after assembly of the components a non-destructive disassembly of the components is almost impossible.
• Such systems can, as described in German Patent DE-A-100266 769, be used in the construction of prefabricated houses.
• the '769 patent teaches the use of such fasteners for buildings with both long and medium term use, for example emergency shelters after earthquakes or military buildings.
• the patent emphasizes benefits in terms of construction time, cost, and the ability to build houses with poorly skilled workers, as opposed to methods such as the construction of brick walls using mortar.
• Another approach to a mortarless brick wall construction method is a screw type joint system for building systems, as described in European Patent Application EP-A-0 382 761.
• the' 761 patent teaches a connection system in which, starting on a base plate, the individual bricks are connected to and with screws with the row of bricks underneath and above.
• upper attachment means have a lower female thread.
• Lower fasteners begin in the base plate and have a length of somewhat the brick height and have a male upper thread.
• the bricks have holes that are adapted for the lower fastening means of the fastening system. When stacking a row, the lower fasteners are passed through the holes of the bricks.
• the upper fasteners are screwed onto the lower fasteners.
• the upper part of the upper attachment means is designed such that it can serve as the lower attachment means for the next row.
• the '761 application describes a system involving non-destructive disassembly and Reassembly of components allowed. In preferred embodiments, the '761 application describes positioning devices to hold the bricks in place.
• the application 761 is aimed at brick walls for facades on houses with wooden frame construction. There is no information about the load capacity of the walls.
• connection system which permits fast and efficient construction of structures such as e.g. Houses even under difficult environmental conditions allows to provide.
• connection system for attaching a first component to a second component.
• the connection system comprises a first dowel having a first dowel inner hole with a first dowel inner hole axis which is fastened in a first hole with a first hole axis inserted in a first component, and a second dowel with a second dowel inner hole with a second dowel inner hole axis, which can be fastened in a second Hole is inserted with a second hole axis in a second component.
• a sleeve having an inner and an outer sleeve radius is inserted between the dowels in the first dowel inner hole and the second dowel inner hole.
• a pin with a pin radius is inserted into the sleeve.
• connection system allows the connection of components of a variety of types of materials, which allow sufficiently stable holes.
• the materials for the dowel, the sleeve and the pin can be adapted in their structure, eg the surface structure.
• the materials for the dowel, the sleeve and the pin can also be adapted in their properties such as elasticity to the materials of which the components are made.
• the typical diameter of the holes is in an area that allows efficient hole drilling in the materials of the devices.
• the movement of interconnected components against each other is mainly determined by the elastic properties of the connection, since the connection between the components arises only through the connection systems at certain points, and additionally by the frictional forces between the connected components.
• the elastic properties of these compounds can be adjusted in connection with the materials used for the connection systems. As a result, the construction of a non-rigid wall is possible, which is particularly suitable for buildings in earthquake-prone areas.
• connection system Building with the disclosed connection system is independent of the ambient temperature.
• the components can be provided with holes before being transported to a construction site or directly on the construction site.
• the assembly of the components can be carried out by unskilled workers. Waiting for the curing of the mortar is eliminated.
• connection can be formed, for example, by bending the pin and the sleeve at an obtuse angle. The resulting elastic forces and plastic deformations in the connection system interlock the connection system together with the components.
• the connection can be formed by deformation of the sleeve and the pin by an eccentricity of an upper dowel axis against a lower Dübellochachse. As a result, the sleeve and the pin are pressed against the dowel wall and tilt the entire connection system with the components.
• connection can be formed by deformations and tension caused by non-matching of the dowel inner hole axes of the installed first dowel with the Dübelinnenlochachsen the second dowel.
• connection can be formed by deformations and tensions, e.g. by compressing sleeve, dowel and pin, e.g. upon insertion of the pin into a tapered dowel inner hole, when e.g. the pin has a larger diameter than the tapered Dübelinnenloch at the appropriate insertion depth.
• FIG. 1 shows a connection system according to the invention in disassembled form.
• FIG. 2a shows two two-part dowels for the connection system
• Fig. 2b shows the dowel shell of Fig. 2a
• Fig. 2c shows the dowel base of Fig. 2a
• Fig. 3 shows a connection system in assembled form
• Fig. 4 shows another example of a connection system in assembled form.
• Fig. 5 shows an example of a dowel according to the invention
• Fig. 6 shows another example of a dowel according to the invention
• Fig. 7 shows another example of a dowel according to the invention
• Fig. 8 shows an example of a sleeve according to the invention
• FIG. 9a shows an example of a pin according to the invention.
• FIG. 9b shows a further example of a pin according to the invention
• Fig. 9c shows two further examples of a pin according to the invention 10 shows four components connected according to the invention
• Fig. 11 shows a wall construction employing the connection system of the invention.
• Fig. 12 shows a structure constructed using the connection system of the invention.
• Fig. 13 shows a plurality of connections with the connection system according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 shows a connection system 10 of the invention in disassembled form.
• a first component 20 is intended to be connected to a second component 30.
• the first device 20 and the second device 30 may be any building materials, including, but not limited to, stone, brick, concrete, or wood.
• a first hole 40 is drilled in the first device 20 and a second hole 50 is drilled in the second device 30.
• a first dowel 60 is inserted into the first hole 40 and a second dowel 70 is inserted into the second hole 50.
• the first dowel 60 has a first dowel inner hole 80 and the second dowel 70 has a second dowel inner hole 90.
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are divided into two areas.
• the first dowel 60 has a first dowel top 62 and a first dowel bottom 64.
• the first dowel top 62 abuts the surface of the first component 20 and the first dowel bottom 64 is within the first component 20, the first dowel top 62 and the first dowel bottom 64 connected via a conically extending intermediate piece 66.
• Dowel inner diameter of the first dowel upper part 62 is larger than the dowel inner diameter of the first dowel lower part 64.
• the second dowel 70 has a second dowel upper part 72 and a second dowel lower part 74.
• the second dowel upper part 72 adjoins the surface of the second component 30 and the second dowel part 74 is inside the second Component 30.
• the second dowel upper part 72 and the second dowel base 74 are connected via a conically extending intermediate piece 76.
• the dowel inner diameter of the second dowel top 72 is greater than the dowel inner diameter of the second Diibelunterte part 74th
• the length of the first dowel top 62 and the second dowel top 72 are substantially the same and are designated D in FIG.
• the depth of the first hole 40 and the second hole 50 are also substantially equal and designated C.
• a sleeve 100 is inserted into the first dowel inner hole 80 to a depth of about 1 / 3D, and a pin 110 is inserted into the second hole 50.
• the sleeve 100 is typically formed as a hollow cylinder.
• the pen 110 may be e.g. be designed as a hollow cylinder or as a solid cylinder.
• the first component 20 and the second component 30 are concrete slabs.
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are made of plastic or silicate polymer.
• a plastic such as Polyethylene can e.g. Silicate particles are added to form a Silikata ⁇ ntechnik.
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 may also be provided with a ceramic coating for improved bonding. Through this ceramic coating or
• Silicate reinforcement can e.g. the friction between the respective components 20 and 30, the respective dowels 60 and 70, and the respective sleeve 100 and the respective pin 1 10 are increased.
• the first dowel upper part 62 and the second dowel upper part 72 have a length of 120 mm, a dowel inner hole diameter of 25.8 mm and a dowel outer diameter of 49.6 mm.
• the first dowel base 64 and the second dowel base 74 have a length of 80 mm, a dowel inner diameter of 20.2 mm and a dowel outer diameter of 49.6 mm.
• the pin 1 10 is made of steel St37 with a length of 398 mm and a diameter of 19 mm.
• the first hole 40 and the second hole 50 have a hole diameter of 50 mm and a depth of 200 mm.
• the sleeve 100 is made of steel St37 with a sleeve inner diameter of 19.8 mm, a sleeve outer diameter of 25 mm and a length of 238 mm. These dimensions are only exemplary and the invention is not limited to these dimensions.
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are made of one piece. In another embodiment of the invention, the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are each made of two pieces, corresponding to the dowel tops 62 and 72 and the dowel bottoms 64 and 74. The two-piece dowel may be easier to manufacture from a manufacturing point of view.
• Fig. 2a shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which both the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are made in two parts.
• the first dowel 60 is divided into a first dowel upper part 62 with a first upper dowel inner hole 82 and a first dowel lower part 64 with a first lower dowel inner hole 84 and the first dowel upper part 62 and the first dowel base 64 are each designed as individual workpieces
• the second dowel 70 are divided into a second dowel upper part 72 with a second upper dowel inner hole 92 and a second dowel lower part 74 with a second lower Diibelinnenloch 94 and the second dowel upper part 72 and the second dowel base 74 are each designed as individual workpieces.
• the first dowel upper part 62 and the second dowel upper part 62 are each 54 mm long with an outer diameter of 44 mm and a dowel inner diameter of 21.5 mm.
• the first dowel base 64 and the second dowel base 74 are 36 mm long with an outer diameter of 44 mm and a dowel inner diameter of 18 mm.
• the dowel inner hole 82 of the first dowel upper part 62 and the dowel inner hole 84 of the first dowel base 64 are not coaxial in this embodiment of the invention, ie the Dübelinnenlochachse 63 of the first Dübeloberteils 62 and Dübelinnenlochachse 65 of the first Dübelunterteils 64 are offset from each other and the Dübellinnenlochachse 63 of the first Dübeloberteils 62 and the Dübelinnenlochachse 65 of the first dowel base 64 are eccentric.
• the dowel inner hole 92 of the second dowel upper part 72 and the dowel inner hole 94 of the second dowel base 84 in this embodiment of the invention is not coaxial, ie, the dowel inner axis 73 of the second dowel upper 72 and the dowel inner axis 75 of the second dowel base 74 are offset from each other and the dowel inner hole axes 73, 75 'are eccentric.
• Dowel inner hole axis 73 of the second dowel upper part 72 and the Dübelinnenlochachse 65 of the first dowel shell 64 and the Dübelinnenlochachse 75 second dowel base 74 be displaced by about 1 mm against the respective dowel axes of the workpieces that coincide with the axes of the holes.
• the first dowel upper part 72 is then pressed against the first dowel base 62 and the second dowel upper part 74 against the second dowel base 72 for connection to the eccentricities against each other, e.g. rotated by 15 ° in the first hole 40 and in the second hole 50.
• the eccentricities of the first dowel 60 may then be additionally rotated against the eccentricities of the second dowel 70 installed.
• connection system 10 is made together with a pin 1 10 of steel with a length of 180 mm and a diameter of 18 mm and a sleeve 100 made of steel with a sleeve inner diameter of 18 mm, a sleeve outer diameter of 21.5 mm and a length of 108 mm formed.
• the dowel top 230 which corresponds to the dowel parts 62, 72 of Fig. 2a, shown individually for the first or second dowel.
• the dowel base 220 which corresponds to the anchor bases 64, 74 of Fig. 2a, shown individually for the first or second dowel.
• the dowel base 220 is provided with springs 232 which can engage in the grooves 222 of the dowel top 230 and so prevent twisting the dowel shells 230 against the dowel bases 220,
• Fig. 3 shows the connection system 10 of Fig. 1 in an assembled form.
• the pin 110 is fully inserted into the sleeve 100.
• the pin 1 10 and the sleeve 100 are held by forces (F) in this position, which are exerted by the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 on the sleeve 100.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the dowel inner hole axis 63 of the first dowel upper part 62 and the dowel inner axis 65 of the first dowel base 64 and the dowel inner axis 73 of the second dowel upper part 72 and the dowel inner axis 75 of the second dowel base part 74 are not formed coaxially. In this way, a greater force is exerted on the sleeve 100.
• connection system uses for the material of the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 polyethylene with about 8.9 weight percent silicate particles.
• the pin 110 (shown separately as an example in FIG. 9a) is made of steel with a length of 180 mm and a diameter of 18 mm.
• the sleeve 100 (shown separately as an example in FIG. 8) is made of steel with a sleeve inner diameter of 18 mm, a
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 each include a dowel top 62, 72 and a dowel bottom 64, 74.
• the first dowel base 64 and the second dowel bottom 74 each include barbs 240.
• Barbs 240 may be e.g. as 3 mm thick, 6 mm wide rods with a length of 33 mm from the first dowel base 64 and the second dowel base 74 protrude.
• Example 1 (FIG. 5):
• the dowel top part 230 has a length of 55 mm, a conically dowel inner diameter 250 tapering from 24 mm to 21.5 mm, which then has a further length of 11 mm at a constant value of 21 mm , 5 mm remains and a dowel outer diameter of 44 mm.
• the dowel base 220 has a length of 33 mm, a conically tapering from 19 mm to 18 mm Dübelinnenloch preparedmesser 225 and a dowel outer diameter of 44 mm.
• the transition between the dowel shell 230 and the dowel base 220 is over realized conically extending intermediate piece 255 on a length of about 1 mm.
• the dowel base 220 may be slit.
• Example 2 ( Figure 6):
• the dowel top 310 has a length of 55 mm, a dowel inner diameter 315 of 24 mm and a dowel outer diameter of 44 mm.
• the dowel base 320 has a length of 33 mm, a
• the transition between the dowel upper part 310 and the dowel base 320 is realized via a conically extending intermediate piece 330 over a length of about 3 mm.
• the Dübelinnenlochachse 301 of the dowel base 320 is by 2 mm against the
• Dowel inner hole axis 316 of the dowel top 310 which corresponds to the dowel axis, which coincides with the hole axis in this embodiment, moved.
• the position of the axes is illustrated in the cross-sectional drawing in FIG.
• Example 3 With the dimensions of the plug 200 from the first example (FIG. 5), the plug inner hole 415 of the plug top 410 and the plug inner hole 425 of the plug lower part 420 are offset eccentrically against the plug 400. That for example, the common axis 416 of an upper dowel inner hole 415 and a lower dowel inner hole 425 is offset by about 2 mm from the dowel axis 401, as illustrated in the cross-sectional drawing of FIG. If this anchor 400 is used in the connection system according to the invention, the dowel axis 401 coincides with the hole axis.
• the first dowel 60 and the second dowel 70 are twisted by 15 ° against each other to form the connection, i. with mismatch alignment of the eccentricities of the common axis 416 in the first dowel 60 and the common axis 416 in the second dowel 70, plugged into the first and second holes.
• a pin 110 has a change 810 as in FIG
• the pin 110 has an outer diameter of 18 mm.
• the depth (3.5 mm) of R selectedung 810 is greater than the eccentricity of Dübelinnenlochachsen the associated dowel 60, 70.
• Two embodiments of the pin 110 are shown in Fig. 9b. Both embodiments of the pin 910 and 920 have longitudinal grooves on the surface of the pin. In one embodiment of the pin 910, these longitudinal grooves 930 are deep in another embodiment of the pin 920, these longitudinal grooves 930 are flat.
• FIG. 10 shows a system 1000 that includes two components 1010 and 1020 with pre-assembled dowels 1030, sleeves 1040, and pins 1050.
• the dowels 1030, sleeves 1040 and pins 1040 may be pre-mounted in one of the components 1010 and 1020 - e.g. in the factory for the components - and the components 1010, 1020 can then be assembled quickly on the construction site.
• FIG. 1000 Another embodiment of the system 1000 is depicted in FIG.
• a wall is constructed of a plurality of components 1 1 10, wherein dowels, pins and sleeves - together with 1 120 referred to in this example - are pre-assembled on the components 1 110.
• FIG. 12 A house - or another type of building - is shown in FIG. 12.
• FIG. 13 shows the connections shown in FIG. 12 enlarged.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Manipulator (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=37968187

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (11)

Family Cites Families (27)

• 2005
  • 2005-08-20 DK DK05850766.6T patent/DK1926864T3/da active
  • 2005-08-20 WO PCT/IB2005/004044 patent/WO2007049097A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2005-08-20 PL PL05850766T patent/PL1926864T3/pl unknown
  • 2005-08-20 AT AT05850766T patent/ATE528454T1/de active
  • 2005-08-20 US US12/064,298 patent/US20110041447A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-08-20 EP EP05850766A patent/EP1926864B8/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2005-08-20 ES ES05850766T patent/ES2375489T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

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