EP1962318A2 - Appareil de commutation électromagnétique - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1962318A2
EP1962318A2 EP20070021942 EP07021942A EP1962318A2 EP 1962318 A2 EP1962318 A2 EP 1962318A2 EP 20070021942 EP20070021942 EP 20070021942 EP 07021942 A EP07021942 A EP 07021942A EP 1962318 A2 EP1962318 A2 EP 1962318A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
force
return spring
switching device
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20070021942
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1962318B1 (fr
EP1962318A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Feil
Andreas Dr. Krätzschmar
Reinhard Dr. Maier
Bernd Trautmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP07021942.3A priority Critical patent/EP1962318B1/fr
Priority to CN200810004207.0A priority patent/CN101252060B/zh
Publication of EP1962318A2 publication Critical patent/EP1962318A2/fr
Publication of EP1962318A3 publication Critical patent/EP1962318A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1962318B1 publication Critical patent/EP1962318B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic switching device with an electromagnet and a movable armature, which is mounted in the switching device with a force acting against the closing force and in an OPEN position different from zero holding force.
  • FIG. 1 contains such a switching device, an electromagnet 1 with a magnetic yoke 2, on the example, two magnetic coils 4 are arranged for magnetic excitation.
  • An armature 6 associated with the magnetic yoke 2 is resiliently mounted in a housing 10 of the switching device which is illustrated only symbolically by a return spring arrangement constructed from two return springs 8 connected in parallel.
  • Magnetic yoke 2, solenoid 4 and armature 6 form an electromagnetic drive of the switching device.
  • the armature 6 is non-positively connected via a prestressed contact spring 12 with a movable contact bridge 14.
  • the movable contact bridge 14 are associated with two fixed contact carrier 16.
  • the magnet armature 6 forms the actuator of the magnetic drive for the relative movement between the contact bridge 14 and the contact carrier sixteenth
  • the contact bridge 14 and the fixed contact carrier 16 are each provided with contact pieces or contacts 18.
  • the switching contact formed by the movable contact bridge 14 and the fixed contact carrier 16 is in the open position (OPEN position).
  • the return springs 8 are biased so that the armature 6 in the rest position of the OPEN position with a biasing or holding force F 0 is pressed against a stop 22.
  • Fig. 2 now shows a situation in which the contacts 18 touch the first time, the armature 6 has thus covered a distance s 0 .
  • the further closing movement of the armature 6 is now carried out against the force exerted by the return springs 8 increasing spring forces and in addition against the action of the force exerted by the parallel contact spring 12, also increasing spring force. Since the spring force exerted by the preloaded contact spring 12 is significantly greater than the spring force exerted by the return spring 8, the total restoring force acting on the armature 6 increases abruptly.
  • the associated force curve is in Fig. 4 applied.
  • the force exerted on the armature 6 by the return springs 8 and the contact spring 12 restoring force F against the distance d between the pole faces 60, 20 of the armature 6 and the magnetic yoke 2 is applied.
  • the curve shows that the return springs 8 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) in the OPEN position exert the holding force F 0 .
  • the armature 6 moves under the action of the electromagnet In this movement increases with increasing length contraction of the return springs 8, the forces exerted on the magnet armature 6, oppositely directed restoring force F corresponding to the sum of the spring constant of the return springs 8 linearly to.
  • the contacts touch 18 and acting on the armature 6 restoring force F increases by the connection of the biased contact spring 12 abruptly.
  • the holding force F 0 exerted on the magnet armature 6 in the OPEN position secures the switching device in this position against accidental closing in the case of external mechanical vibration or impact load. Accordingly, during the entire distance traveled between d 0 and d s , the magnet armature 6 must always overcome the restoring force F exerted by the return springs 8, starting from a finite value required for mechanical securing of the magnet armature 6 in the OPEN position (holding force F 0 ) increases successively. In order nevertheless to achieve short switching times (high closing forces), it is therefore necessary to design and dimension the magnet system 2, 4, 6 such that the magnetic force acting on the magnet armature 6 is significantly higher than the restoring force exerted by the return springs 8. A disadvantage is the constant increase in the restoring forces over the entire working range (magnetic lifting). This results in relatively large, unneeded forces that must be overcome by a correspondingly powerful designed magnetic drive.
  • a switching device which includes a return spring arrangement of two arranged in the manner of a two-armed knee lever lever compression springs.
  • the switching device thus has a negative restoring force characteristic, that is, the force acting on the armature in the direction of its axis of displacement restoring force is reduced in the course of the closing operation of the switching arrangement.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide an electromagnetic switching device with improved spring force characteristic.
  • the electromagnetic switching device includes at least a first, acting on the armature return spring, the non-zero holding force on the armature in an OPEN position exerts, and which is mounted on the armature such that the direction of the force exerted on the armature total force on the position of the armature such that the counter to the direction of movement of the closing movement of the armature acting component of the total force in the OPEN position is maximum.
  • the switching device comprises at least a second return spring whose spring axis is oriented parallel to the direction of movement of the magnet armature.
  • a path-force curve can be realized, in which a high holding force in the OPEN position is possible without the restoring force acting on the armature during the closing movement with decreasing distance from the electromagnet or increasing distance from the rest position in the OPEN position increases.
  • the first return spring is mounted on the housing or main body of the switching device with its first support point and the movable armature with its second support point each fixed but pivotally. During the movement of the armature along the system axis, the first return spring is pivoted, resulting in a change in the direction of the force exerted by this spring force on the armature. This also changes the amount of that component of force that acts on the armature in the direction of the system axis. Thus, a nonlinear force curve can be realized by the angle of the spring axis with respect to the system axis. It It is even possible that the force becomes negative at at least one movement position of the armature, that is, at least one position between the OPEN and CLOSED positions.
  • the first return spring is supplemented by the use of at least one further restoring spring whose spring axis is oriented parallel to the direction of movement of the armature. This always exerts a force on the magnet armature in the direction of the OPEN position.
  • Fig. 5 is the magnetically mounted in a switching device, consisting of a soft magnetic material magnet armature 6 in the OPEN position on a stop 30, against which it is pressed by the action of at least a first return spring 50 and at least one second return spring 8.
  • the first return spring 50 which in the exemplary embodiment is a compression spring, is mounted with a first support point 52 in the housing of the switching device, i. fixed in the switching device.
  • a first support point 52 and second support point 54 are laterally offset with respect to a system axis 58 running parallel to the direction 56 of the closing movement and are located transversely to this system axis 58 extending transverse axis from each other at a distance D.
  • the second return spring 8 corresponds structurally explained in the prior art return spring and is also designed in the embodiment as a compression spring whose spring axis 61 is oriented parallel to the direction of movement 56.
  • the force exerted by the first return spring 50 on the armature 6 total force F 1ges, 0 has a counter to the direction 56 of the closing movement directed, parallel to the system axis 58 component - that is that of the first return spring 50 applied restoring or holding force F 1p, 0 - and a perpendicular component F 1s, 0 , which provides no contribution to the holding force.
  • This perpendicular to the direction of movement 56 extending component F 1s, 0 is compensated in a symmetrical arrangement when mirror-symmetrical to the system axis 58, a corresponding further first return spring 50 is arranged.
  • the entire holding force F 0 is composed of the holding force F 1p, 0 exerted by the first return spring 50 and the holding force F 20 exerted by the second return spring 8.
  • electromagnet 1 Under the influence of a force exerted by the only symbolically illustrated in the figure electromagnet 1 magnetic or closing force now moves the armature 6 against the action of the forces exerted by the first and second return spring 50, 8 restoring forces F 1p , F 2 on the pole faces of the electromagnet 1 to.
  • the restoring force F 2 exerted by the second return spring 8 increases linearly in accordance with the spring characteristic of the second return spring 8 with increasing reduction of the distance d between the armature 6 and the pole face of the electromagnet 1.
  • the total force F 1ges exerted by the first return spring 50 on the magnet armature also increases.
  • first and second support points 52, 54 are mounted on the housing or on the magnet armature 6 so as to be pivotable at least to a limited extent.
  • the first return spring 50 introduces a spring force into the magnet armature 6 whose parallel to the direction of movement 56 or system axis 58 Component or restoring force F 1 is directed in the direction of movement 56 and thus contributes to an additional acceleration of the armature 6.
  • a second return spring is arranged in addition to the first return spring, as it also finds use in switching devices in the prior art.
  • the return spring has only the function to supplement the possibly with the first return spring too low holding power.
  • the spring constant and the holding force of the second return spring can then be correspondingly reduced in accordance with the proportion of the total holding force available from the first return spring.
  • both first and second return springs are designed as compression springs.
  • tension springs instead of compression springs.
  • second return springs are no longer required.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
EP07021942.3A 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique Not-in-force EP1962318B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07021942.3A EP1962318B1 (fr) 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique
CN200810004207.0A CN101252060B (zh) 2007-02-23 2008-01-21 电磁开关装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07003816 2007-02-23
EP07021942.3A EP1962318B1 (fr) 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1962318A2 true EP1962318A2 (fr) 2008-08-27
EP1962318A3 EP1962318A3 (fr) 2009-11-18
EP1962318B1 EP1962318B1 (fr) 2015-08-19

Family

ID=38258013

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07021945A Not-in-force EP1962319B1 (fr) 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique
EP07021942.3A Not-in-force EP1962318B1 (fr) 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07021945A Not-in-force EP1962319B1 (fr) 2007-02-23 2007-11-12 Appareil de commutation électromagnétique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1962319B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN101252060B (fr)
AT (1) ATE549733T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018106257A1 (de) * 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Riedel Communications International GmbH Sprechstelle für ein Intercom-Netzwerk

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3340904A1 (de) 1983-11-11 1985-05-23 Westinghouse FANAL-Schaltgeräte GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal Magnetisch betaetigte schaltanordnung, insbesondere luftschuetz

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE476271A (fr) * 1942-08-18
FR1188404A (fr) * 1954-02-17 1959-09-22 Perfectionnements aux relais et contacteurs bipolaires
DE1155537B (de) * 1961-01-23 1963-10-10 Hamburger Elektrobau Dipl Ing Schneidankerlagerung fuer Relais
DE4341330C1 (de) * 1993-12-03 1995-04-20 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät
DE19608729C1 (de) * 1996-03-06 1997-07-03 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3340904A1 (de) 1983-11-11 1985-05-23 Westinghouse FANAL-Schaltgeräte GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal Magnetisch betaetigte schaltanordnung, insbesondere luftschuetz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101252060B (zh) 2011-11-02
EP1962319B1 (fr) 2012-03-14
EP1962318B1 (fr) 2015-08-19
CN101252061B (zh) 2011-02-16
CN101252061A (zh) 2008-08-27
EP1962319A3 (fr) 2009-11-18
ATE549733T1 (de) 2012-03-15
EP1962319A2 (fr) 2008-08-27
CN101252060A (zh) 2008-08-27
EP1962318A3 (fr) 2009-11-18

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