Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04624—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using integrated mass and heat exchange, so-called non-adiabatic rectification, e.g. dephlegmator, reflux exchanger
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
  • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
  • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
  • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
  • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
  • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
  • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
  • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
  • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
  • F25J5/007—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger combined with mass exchange, i.e. in a so-called dephlegmator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
  • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
  • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation, in particular for the production of nitrogen.
• a nitrogen generator described in US Pat. No. 5,899,093 comprises an exchange line in which the air to be distilled is cooled, a distillation column in which the air is separated at a nitrogen-rich flow rate at the top of the column and at a head. flow enriched with oxygen in column vat. To provide reflux, a portion of the nitrogen-rich flow is sent to a reboiler-condenser where it condenses by heat exchange with the oxygen-enriched flow. Alternatively the nitrogen can condense in a dephlegmator.
• the rich liquid partially vaporized in the dephlegmator is sent to a phase separator and the liquid formed in the separator flows back to the dephlegmator.
• the present invention aims to suppress the bath-reboiler-reboiler, which imposes constraints: investment, in particular to ensure liquid recirculation
• an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen comprising: a) an exchange line b) a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings; (c) a line for supplying compressed and purified air to the exchange line; (d) a line for supplying compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column; conduct to extract an oxygen-enriched liquid from the column and to send it to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section.
• the exchange line is located above the distillation column
• the apparatus comprises means for feeding and / or expansion of air or vaporized rich liquid;
• the pipe for sending compressed, purified and cooled air from the exchange line to the distillation column is connected to the cold end of the heat exchange section;
• the apparatus comprises means for redistributing the passages between the heat exchange section and the dephlegmation section;
• the exchange line is made of copper or aluminum and / or the distillation column is made of stainless steel;
• the exchange line and the distillation column are made of aluminum
• the exchange line is a plate heat exchanger and fin brazed.
• a process for separating air by cryogenic distillation for the production of nitrogen in an apparatus comprising an exchange line and a simple distillation column containing trays and / or structured packings, in which compressed and purified air is sent to the exchange line, compressed, purified and cooled air is sent from the exchange line to the distillation column, a liquid flow is drawn off enriched with oxygen from the column and sent to the exchange line characterized in that the exchange line comprises two sections, a dephlegmation section and a heat exchange section; the dephlegmation section is connected to the column and the oxygen-enriched liquid line and the heat exchange section is connected to the air line and the dephlegmation section and that the fluid flow enriched with Oxygen vaporizes entirely in the heat exchange section to produce a gas enriched with oxygen.
• the invention proposes to integrate the "vaporization-condensation" function in the main exchanger by using the coldest part of the exchanger as a dephlegmator in order to condense the nitrogen therein.
• the interests of the invention are as follows: • There is a “natural” purge of the rich liquid, which is not concentrated by vaporization (like a pump apparatus).
• the cold box is higher, but much less wide because the exchanger is above the column, which results in a significant gain.
• a compressed air flow is purified in a purification unit (not shown) and sent to the hot end of an exchange line 3.
• the exchange line comprises a conventional heat exchange section 3A and a heat exchanger. section 3B of deflegmation. The two sections are contiguous and the exchange line is a plate and finned heat exchanger.
• the air 1 cools in the exchange line to the cold end of the section 3A, then leaves the exchange line to be sent to the base of a single distillation column 7.
• the column 7 contains packings structured or trays 9.
• the air separates into an oxygen-enriched flow 11 and a nitrogen-enriched flow.
• the oxygen-enriched flow 11 is withdrawn in liquid form from column 7 and sent to the cold end of section 3B.
• the nitrogen-enriched gas exits directly from the top of the column in the passages of section 3B.
• the exchange line 3 has the same width as the head of the column 7 and is welded to the ferrule of the column (by a round-square or round-rectangular adapter piece).
• the frigories necessary for the distillation are supplied by liquid nitrogen liquor 13 from storage in a known manner described in EP-A-0452177.
• an air turbine 1 or vaporized rich liquid may be provided.
• Section 3B includes two nitrogen passages for a rich liquid passage.
• the rich liquid vaporizes entirely in this section 3B of the exchange line 3 so that it is completely transformed into gas.
• Nitrogen condenses in part the condensed part falls by gravity into the column to serve as reflux, the exchange line 3 is installed above the column (by direct welding or possibly with adequate pipes) . The rest of the nitrogen gas continues its rise through the entire exchange line 3.
• Section 3A of the exchange line is composed of the classic main exchange line.
• the gaseous nitrogen and the vaporized rich liquid warm up against the incoming air 1.
• the exchange line 3 is preferably copper or aluminum and the column 7 will be stainless steel. If the exchange line is aluminum and the stainless steel column, provide a joint junction (s) between the two. Otherwise the exchange line 3 and the column 7 may be aluminum.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=36660838

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 2005
  • 2005-12-20 FR FR0553971A patent/FR2895069B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-12-15 EP EP06842175.9A patent/EP1966554B1/de active Active
  • 2006-12-15 DK DK06842175.9T patent/DK1966554T3/en active
  • 2006-12-15 WO PCT/FR2006/051366 patent/WO2007074276A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2006-12-15 JP JP2008546547A patent/JP5074416B2/ja active Active
  • 2006-12-15 US US12/097,641 patent/US20080271481A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-12-15 ES ES06842175.9T patent/ES2689041T3/es active Active
  • 2006-12-15 PL PL06842175T patent/PL1966554T3/pl unknown
  • 2006-12-15 CN CN2006800479541A patent/CN101341370B/zh active Active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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