Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
  • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
  • A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
  • A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/63—Steroids; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
  • A61K2800/592—Mixtures of compounds complementing their respective functions

Definitions

• the field of the present invention relates to the use of an unsaponifiable extract of vegetable pulp for the preparation of a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or nutraceutical product for treating and / or preventing skin disorders associated with aging.
• Aging is an inevitable phenomenon, slowly evolving and irreversible leading to anatomical and histological changes responsible for functional abnormalities of the organs.
• the first visible signs are manifested in the skin tissue by changes in texture, color, transparency and the appearance of wrinkles. These manifestations can be potentiated by extrinsic factors such as the sun, tobacco ...
• ROS oxygen free radicals
• RLOs are described as early mediators of inflammatory diseases and aging (Kress M. et al., 1995: 62: 87-94).
• the fundamental alterations predominate in the dermis and it is the fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix that are the main targets and the main actors.
• Fibroblasts are able to enter senescence. As a result, their number decreases, their function is slowed down and their phenotype is changed. They then participate actively in the degradation of the dermal extracellular matrix. Moreover, during senescence, the fibroblasts lose their reactivity and see their regulation modulated.
• the leaf crown is somewhat variable, and can be erect or weeping.
• the twigs very thorny, bear very small lanceolate leaves, alternate, narrow, short (about 2 cm), often grouped into fascicles.
• the foliage of the Argan tree is generally persistent, but it happens that in times of great drought, it becomes obsolete.
• the fruit is a yellow and oval sessile berry 4 to 5 cm long. It is formed of a fleshy pericarp (also called pulp), containing a kind of "false core” very hard brown.
• This element consists in fact of 2 to 3 flattened seeds welded together and each containing an oleaginous kernel. The most valued applications originate from the kernel of the seed. This one provides an oil then in a second time a cake.
• Seed oil has been the subject of several invention patents: solvent-based oil (FR 2 553 788) and unsaponifiable enriched argan oil (FR 2 724 663). Substances other than oil have also been patented. This is the case of peptides derived from seed cakes obtained after extraction of the oil: combination of oil and cake peptides for the treatment of disorders related to skin aging (FR 2 756 183).
• the leaf of the Argan tree, the proteins and the saponins of cakes have also been the subject of patents: EP 1 213 025 relates to leaf extracts, EP 1 213 024 processes meal proteins and EP 1 430 900 saponins from oilcakes.
• the fruit pulp of the Argan tree has more recently been the subject of patent application WO2005 / 039610.
• the fruit of the Argan tree is a false drupe. It consists of a fleshy pericarp called pulp (55 to 75% of the fruit) and a core with a very hard shell containing one to three almonds. From these is extracted the oil.
• the pulp of the fruit has been the subject of chemical studies. It consists of carbohydrates including cellulose, glucose, fructose and sucrose (Charrouf Z.
• the patent application WO2005 / 039610 generally relates to the use of a composition based on argan fruit pulp for the preparation of cosmetic products.
• the fruit pulp extract has been more or less purified. Indeed, the inventors tested the extract at different stages of the process. Thus, it is preferentially the use of an extract of fruit pulp obtained following a hexane extraction is described (page 15). Then following a conventional saponification step known to those skilled in the art, the authors tested the Emponifibal fraction thus collected. Finally, the authors also considered a step of fractionation of unsaponifiable by chromatography, taking care to remove the triterpene compound erythrodiol.
• an unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp rich in erythrodiol said extract being obtainable by an acetone extraction followed by a conventional saponification step.
• the benefits of the present invention can be extended to any unsaponifiable extract of vegetable pulp having a triterpenic fraction whose composition in its majority compounds is close to that resulting from the pulp of argan fruit.
• the present invention relates to the use of an unsaponifiable extract of vegetable pulp comprising a triterpene fraction, characterized in that said triterpene fraction comprises erythrodiol, ⁇ -amyrin, ⁇ -amyrin and lupeol, for the preparation of a cosmetic, pharmaceutical or nutraceutical product for preventing and / or treating cutaneous disorders associated with skin aging.
• said extract is obtained by an acetone extraction followed by a conventional saponification step.
• This unsaponifiable extract also called initial unsaponifiable, can be solubilized in a carrier to facilitate its formulation.
• said extract is obtained from a plant selected from the family Sapotaceae; and even more preferably said extract is obtained from argan fruit pulp.
• An advantage of the acetone extraction lies in the fact that one can get rid of the latex, which represents the vast majority of the lipid fraction, and thus be more concentrated in unsaponifiable substances in the lipid fraction.
• the composition of the unsaponifiable material according to the present invention is differentiated both qualitatively and quantitatively from that described preferentially in the patent application WO2005 / 039610.
• the extracts according to the present invention are characterized by their content of triterpenic substances.
• the latter can be analyzed by gas chromatography according to a conventional appropriate method which makes it possible to identify ⁇ -amyrin, erythrodiol.
• ⁇ -amyrin and lupeol are not separated by this method, these molecules can then be dosed commonly.
• the triterpene fraction of said extract is composed of erythrodiol whose mass fraction is between about 7% and about 40% of the initial unsaponifiable ⁇ -amyrin whose mass fraction is between about 5% and about 30% of the initial unsaponifiable, ⁇ -amyrine and lupeol, the sum of these two mass fractions is between about 10% and about 50% of the initial unsaponifiable.
• said mass fraction of erythrodiol is between about 10% and about 20% of the initial unsaponifiable; and even more advantageously is about 15% of the initial unsaponifiable.
• said mass fraction of ⁇ -amyrin is between about 7% and about 20% of the initial unsaponifiable; and even more advantageously is about 10% of the initial unsaponifiable.
• the sum of said mass fractions of ⁇ -amyrin and lupeol is between about 15% and about 30% of the initial unsaponifiable; and even more advantageously is about 20% of the initial unsaponifiable.
• a remarkable point of the present invention is the important contribution of erythrodiol in the anti-aging properties of the unsaponifiable extract according to the present invention.
• RLOs play an important role in the skin aging process
• antiradical effect (anti-RLO) of erythrodiol was evaluated in comparison with the unsaponifiable argan fruit pulp according to the present invention.
• the damage created by the RLO within the cells is reflected in the alteration of lipid components of the plasma membrane (lipoperoxidation), proteins (denaturation and degradation) and genetic material or DNA (mutations).
• the tests carried out in vitro concerned the determination of the protective efficacy by erythrodiol and the unsaponifiable extract against the oxidation of membrane lipids (Example 3); and the protective power of erythrodiol and other triterpene molecules (lupeol, ⁇ and ⁇ -amyrin) with respect to the alteration of genomic DNA (Example 4). These tests made it possible to demonstrate that erythrodiol is a molecule that has an important antioxidant potential.
• the extraction can be carried out as follows: the dried Argan fruit pulp is crushed and then extracted with acetone. It is also possible to use an acetone-water mixture.
• the extraction is carried out with stirring or in a static manner, in a plant / solvent ratio which may vary from 1/2 to 1/20, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent and over a period of time go from 30 minutes to 24 hours.
• the solid plant residue is separated from the extractive solution by filtration or centrifugation.
• the solution can be more or less concentrated until a dry extract is obtained.
• the dry matter can be solubilized in an alcohol to allow saponification.
• a metal hydroxide in particular sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 N.
• the saponification is carried out at temperatures ranging from room temperature to boiling, with stirring and on a duration varying from 15 minutes to 48 hours depending on the temperature. Purification is conducted by liquid / liquid extraction.
• An immiscible solvent is then added to the hydrolysis medium, which may be saturated or non-saturated with salts [NaCl, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ] and adjusted to pH values ranging from 3 to 9.
• This solvent may be an ether oxide, an ester, an alkane, a halogenated hydrocarbon, or a mixture of these solvents.
• One, two or three successive liquid / liquid extractions are carried out. The organic phases are combined and then washed with water saturated or not with salts and at pH values ranging from 3 to 9. This washing phase can be repeated several times.
• an excipient that can be an animal wax (bee for example) or vegetable wax (Carnauba, Candelilla or Jojoba wax) a vegetable oil (corn, safflower, sesame, argan ...) glycerin synthetic origin such as liquid petrolatum, polyols (such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol, etc.) esterified triglycerides (such as miglyol 812, myritol 318, neobee MJ) oxypropylene polymers of formula H (OCH 2 -CHCH 3 ) n OH or oxyethylenated polymers of the formula H (OCH 2 -CH 2 ) n OH, fatty alcohol
• the proportions of the initial unsaponifiable Argan fruit pulp and the excipient may vary from 1/99 to 99/1.
• the present invention makes it possible to valorize fruit pulps in the anti-aging treatment, at a reasonable cost price. Unsaponifiable extract is used without additional purification step, which is very expensive.
• the composition according to the present invention can therefore be obtained using a method involving conventional extraction and saponification steps known to those skilled in the art.
• an unsaponifiable extract of vegetable pulp makes it possible to prevent and / or treat skin disorders that are manifested by alterations in texture, color, transparency of the skin and by the appearance of wrinkles. .
• the skin disorders are consecutive to a reduction or a loss of response to environmental stress, particularly caused by the sun or tobacco.
• the cutaneous disorders are consecutive to a reduction or loss of inducibility of the HSP72 proteins.
• HSP proteins for "Heat Shock Protein” are constitutively expressed in many cells and have essential functions in the maintenance of proteins, hence their name “chaperone” proteins. Indeed, they inhibit aggregation of denatured proteins, prevent inappropriate protein associations, and are involved in intracellular transport and inactive maintenance of certain proteins (Morris SD Clin, Exp Dermatol 2002; 220-224). HSPs also play a critical role in stress response and especially in cellular protection processes involving adaptive response (Maytin E. V. J. Invest Dermatol, 1995; 104: 448-55). Unexpectedly, the use of an extract according to the present invention makes it possible to restore the induction of HSP72 proteins in senescent fibroblasts.
• the cosmetic, pharmaceutical or nutraceutical product containing an extract according to the invention is administered orally or topically, and preferably topically.
• the dosage form is selected from the group consisting of creams, gels, ointments and sprays.
• the oral form is chosen from the group comprising tablets, capsules and powders for oral suspensions.
• the amount of said extract in the final cosmetic product is between about 0.001% and about 50%, preferably between about 0.01% and about 10%; and even more preferably between about 0.1% and about 2% by weight of the total weight of the preparation.
• the preparation may further contain other active agents well known to those skilled in the art for the treatment and / or prevention of cutaneous disorders associated with skin aging.
• said preparation contains other substances from the argan known for their "anti-aging" action such as the oil obtained from the seed kernel and the cake peptides for example.
• the example below of a composition according to the invention is given for information only and is not limiting. The percentages are given by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
• EXAMPLE 1 facial anti-slackening treatment - Unsaponifiable extract of argan tree fruit pulp 0.1 to 2%
• This extract which corresponds to the initial unsaponifiable, is determined for its content of triterpene substances. It contains 10% of ⁇ amyrin, 15% of erythrodiol and 20% of the lupeol- ⁇ amyrin mixture.
• the plasma membrane is the main and first target of RLOs and, being rich in lipids, is the site of increased peroxidation (Girotti A.W. J. Free Radie.
• TBARS lipid peroxidation
• the fibroblast line L929 was treated with a complex composed of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and iron (Fe 2+ / Fe 3+ ), thus reconstituting the reaction of Fenton, source of RLO and more particularly of hydroxyl radical (OH 0 ) (Vessey DA et al J. Invest Dermatol 1992: 99: 859-63):
• the products were evaluated on the murine fibroblast line L929.
• the cells are pretreated with the different product concentrations (Table I) for 16 hours and are then stimulated with the H 2 O 2 -Fe + / Fe 3+ complex for 1 hour.
• the lot LK0304 of unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp was prepared according to Example 2.
• Peroxidation of membrane lipids is analyzed by measuring TBARS (according to P. Morlière et al Biochem Biophys Acta 1991, 1084: 261-268). O Principle of the test: In an acidic medium, at 95 ° C., complexes, noted TBARS for Thio Barbituric Acid Reactive Substance, are formed between the lipid oxidation products (malondialdehyde or MDA) and the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) which can to be measured in fluorescence with respect to a standard range with MDA. The TBARS assay is then expressed in pmol / ⁇ g of proteins. Proteins and TBARS are assayed in the intracellular medium. O Calculation of the percentage of protection of cell membranes:
• Vitamin E constituting the anti-free radical reference molecule, reduces the lipid peroxidation induced by the H 2 O 2 -Fe 24 VFe 3+ complex, and very effectively protects cell membranes (approximately 56%).
• the unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp prepared according to Example 2 has an anti-radical activity at concentrations of 1 and 3 ⁇ g / ml (30 and 37% lipid membrane protection, respectively).
• Erythrodiol a molecule contained in the triterpene fraction of the unsaponifiable extract, exhibits good antioxidant activity with a dose-dependent effect. Erythrodiol is active from 0.3 ⁇ g / ml (33% protection). The anti-radical effect of erythrodiol at 3 ⁇ g / ml is very important and comparable to Vitamin E.
• the in vitro model presented in this study reflects the consequences due to a major oxidative stress on the main cellular target that is the plasma membrane. So the The lipid peroxidation assay is a good marker of oxidative stress and allows the evaluation of the antioxidant action, with respect to the hydroxyl radical, of active principles at the level of the cell membrane.
• Vitamin E an antioxidant molecule
• DNA is a target of RLOs that induce base modification (oxidation, nitration, deamination: G. Guetens et al Clin Lab ScL 2002, 39: 331-457), the formation of strand breaks (abasic sites or ⁇ -elimination) and bridging DNA-proteins or DNA-hydroperoxides.
• the alteration of genomic material induces a cascade of cellular reactions (replication fork blocking, activation of key proteins, cell cycle arrest) that lead to the induction of repair mechanisms.
• Bases modified by oxidative stress are thus mainly supported by the base repair system or BER for Base Excision Repair (Friedberg E.C. et al DNA repair and mutagenesis, ASMPress, Washington DC 1995). This system acts quickly and efficiently according to three key steps:
• RLOs can be produced in such quantities that cellular defense and repair systems can be saturated. If the effectors of apoptosis are activated, the damaged cell dies. But, in the case where DNA damage is poorly repaired, there may be a generation of deleterious mutations that are then involved in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis. Therefore, the biological impact of oxidative stress (mortality or mutagenesis) conditions longer-term events such as aging and cancer.
• Example 3 Following Example 3 and in order to control the antiradical activity of erythrodiol on another model, the authors of the invention analyzed its protective effect with respect to genomic DNA damage induced by stress. oxidative, in comparison with the unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp and other triterpenic molecules also contained in said extract.
• the 3D test is based on the repair of DNA lesions using purified human cell extracts. During the repair step, a marker is incorporated into the DNA and this incorporation, a quantitative reflection of the number of repaired lesions, is then revealed by chemiluminescence.
• the principle is as follows: After damage to the genomic DNA (oxidative treatment), the cells are lysed. The lysate is deposited on a microplate coated with polylysine:
• the protocol for carrying out the test is followed according to the instructions of the kit supplier (Solyscel 3D Test - Ref: SFRIDNO 13 - AES Laboratory). At the end of the reaction, the plate is read in a luminometer (MITHRAS LB940 - BERTHOLD).
• Example 3 The results obtained in Example 3 showed that erythrodiol has the strongest anti-radical activity at 3 ⁇ g / ml (6.78 ⁇ M). Therefore, the authors chose to test all tripterpenes (lupeol, ⁇ -amyrin, ⁇ -amyrin and erythrodiol) and the unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp at 3 ⁇ g / ml on the 3D test "DNA Damage Detection ". Said unsaponifiable extract was obtained according to the method of Example 2. The results obtained are shown in Table IV below. The values indicated in this table are the percentage inhibition (or% protection) of the DNA lesions following exogenous oxidative stress, compared to the "basal control" (100%) and “stressed H 2 " cells. O 2 "(0%).
• the unsaponifiable extract of argan fruit pulp effectively protects the DNA against oxidative stress.
• Erythrodiol a molecule contained in said unsaponifiable extract, at 3 ⁇ g / ml has a very good antioxidant activity with 99% protection of DNA against the formation of oxidative lesions.
• erythrodiol is the most active.
• L ⁇ SP72 is a major protein of the HSP70 family, expressed in cutaneous keratinocytes and fibroblasts and inducible by many stressors (heat, UV, etc.) (Trautinger F. et al J. Invest Dermatol 1993; 334-38, Charveron M. et al, Cell Biol Toxicol 1995, 11: 161-65). 2) Experimental protocol
• the authors of the present invention have chosen to analyze the level of induction, by thermal stress, of the HSP72 proteins in IM-90 fibroblasts (fibroblast lineage) during senescence, and this in order to evaluate the "anti-inflammatory" properties.
• the authors set up and validated a model of cellular aging by inducing the senescence of fibroblasts by oxidative stress.
• FIG. 1 shows the analysis of the induction rate of HSP72 in fibroblasts
• FIG. 2 shows the Western Blot analysis of the level of HSP72 proteins in the IMR-90 cells treated with different concentrations of the Argan fruit pulp extract according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 shows the semi-quantitative analysis of the induction rate of HSP72 proteins (normalized by the expression level of ⁇ -actin) in the senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts pre-treated with different concentrations of the extract of Argan fruit pulp according to the invention.
• the cells cultured at 37 ° C. are incubated for 1 h at 45 ° C. and are then incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 h (mRNA analysis) or for 4 h (protein analysis): Expression of the protein (Western Blot)
• Intracellular proteins extracted from fibroblasts, were analyzed by the Western Blot technique, using an anti-HSP72 antibody (monoclonal antibody, CHEMICON) and an indirect luminescence revelation system. The membrane is analyzed and the intensity of the bands is quantified by densitometry (ImageMaster TotalLab AMERSHAM software). The expression level of HSP72 is normalized by that of a constitutively expressed protein, ⁇ -Actin.
• FIG. 1A shows the semi-quantitative Western blot analysis of the induction rate of HSP72 proteins in the young (H) and early-aging (B) IMR-90 (H 2 O 2 -induced senescence) IMR-90.
• FIG. 1A clearly shows that the level of HSP72 protein is induced by thermal stress in young IMR-90 fibroblasts. This induction of HSP72 is decreased in senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts.
• HSP72 expression at the transcriptional level by quantifying mRNAs by the real-time PCR technique.
• the level of expression of the gene of interest HSP72 is calculated in the samples treated with heat stress and the control samples.
• the level of expression of the HSP72 gene is then normalized using three reference genes [ ⁇ -actin, GAPDH (Human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and YWHAZ (tyrosine-3-monooxygenase, tryptophan-5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta polypeptide )], the expression of which is constitutive.
• Figure 1B presents the quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the induction rate of HSP72 mRNAs in the young (H) and IMR-90 senescent (B) IMR-90s (H 2 O 2 -induced senescence).
• Figure IB clearly shows that the induction of HSP72 mRNAs is also greatly diminished during the induced senescence of IMR-90 fibroblasts.
• the authors of the invention used the induced senescence model (SIPS) with the IMR-90 fibroblastic line to evaluate the extract of Argan fruit pulp prepared according to Example 2.
• the cells were incubated with the extract of Argan fruit pulp at concentrations of 1 and 3 ⁇ g / ml for 24 hours. Then they underwent the oxidative stress inducing senescence.
• SIPS induced senescence model
• FIG. 2 shows the Western Blot analysis of the level of HSP72 proteins in the IMR-90 cells treated with different concentrations of the unsaponifiable extract prepared according to Example 2.
• the "T” and “ST” indications respectively mean "control”. And "Thermal Stress”.
• Analyzes A, B, C, and D respectively relate to young IMR-90 fibroblasts, senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts (H 2 O 2 induced senescence), senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts incubated with the unsaponifiable 1 ⁇ g / ml and finally senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts incubated with the unsaponifiable extract at 3 ⁇ g / ml.
• FIG. 3 shows the semi-quantitative analysis of the induction rate of HSP72 proteins (normalized by the level of expression of D-actin) in the senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts pre-treated with the unsaponifiable extract at 1 ⁇ g. ml (C) and 3 ⁇ g / ml (D). Also shown are the induction rates of the HSP72 proteins in the young IMR-90 fibroblasts (A) and in the senescent IMR-90 fibroblasts (B) (H 2 O 2 induced senescence).
• Table V gives the induction factor (after normalization) of the HSP72 mRNAs in senescent fibroblasts pretreated with different concentrations of argan tree fruit pulp extract.
• This table confirms the results obtained at the transcriptional level and shows the almost complete restoration of the induction of HSP72 mRNAs by the extract of Argan fruit pulp. It is at a concentration of 3 ⁇ g / ml that this extract is the most active.
• HSP72 proteins are proteins inducible by many stresses (heat ..) and are strongly involved in adaptive response processes. It is recognized that the reliability of HSP72 proteins, at the cutaneous level and in other tissues, decreases with age and in particular during cellular senescence. In addition, it is accepted that aging is associated with a reduction in the response to environmental stress resulting in age-related pathologies.

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