Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
  • F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
  • F25B2321/0021—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a static fixed magnet
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for generating cold and heat by magnetic effect, comprising at least one generator of a magnetic field disposed in at least one ring segment and defining an annular space traversed by a coaxial circular part, this part being provided with through radial cavities and containing at least one magneto-caloric material, said through radial cavities being arranged to conduct a coolant in contact with said magneto-caloric material.
• Prior art cold generating devices usually include a compressor for compressing a coolant to raise its temperature and expansion means for decompressing the coolant to cool it. It turns out that the refrigerants commonly used are extremely polluting and that their use involves significant risks of air pollution. As a result, these refrigerants no longer meet the current requirements for environmental protection.
• US Pat. No. 4,674,288 describes a device for liquefying helium comprising a magnetizable substance that is movable in a magnetic field generated by a coil and a reservoir containing helium in thermal conduction with said coil. The translational movement of the magnetizable substance generates cold which is transmitted to the helium via conductive elements.
• the publication FR 2,525,748 relates to a magnetic refrigeration device comprising a magnetizable material, a system for generating a variable magnetic field, and means for transferring heat and cold including a chamber filled with a saturated liquid refrigerant. .
• the magnetizable material generates cold in a position in which the cold transfer means extracts cold from the magnetizable material by condensing a coolant, and the magnetizable material generates heat in another position in which the heat transfer means heat extract heat from the magnetizable material by boiling another refrigerant.
• the publication FR 2,586,793 relates to a device comprising a substance intended to produce heat when it is magnetized and to produce cold when demagnetized, a means of generating a variable magnetic field, said field generating means magnetic device comprising a superconducting coil and a reservoir containing an element to be cooled.
• U.S. Patent No. 5,231,834 discloses a magnetic effect heating and cooling device in which a magnetic fluid is pumped through the system. The fluid passes through a magnetic field generated by superconducting or other magnets. When the fluid enters the magnetic field it is heated due to magnetization.
• the international publications WO 2004/059221 and WO 2004/059222 relate to a method and a device for generating cold and heat by magneto-caloric effect.
• the first publication describes a device comprising a rotary element traversed by a heat transfer fluid in a direction parallel to its axis of rotation. This construction is cumbersome and only makes it difficult to industrially produce compact devices, simple and economical construction and easy maintenance.
• the publication FR 2 517 415 relates to a method and a refrigeration device in which a support bearing a paramagnetic substance is driven by a mechanical / magnetic system in a toroidal cryostat.
• This support is subjected to a magnetic field induced either by electromagnets or by permanent magnets located on either side of the magnetic medium.
• the magnetic circuit is open and the magnetic field lines close on the outside of the system, which leads to the need for a large magnetic induction requiring a large energy consumption in the case of use of electro -aimants.
• the use of these electromagnets causes losses by Joule effect it is absolutely necessary to clear to ensure proper operation in Ia * Curie temperature of gadolinium.
• the device described in the publication FR 2 861 454 is a magnetic flux generating device comprising a ring bearing radially magnetic means which rotates alternately on its axis. This configuration increases the energy absorbed by the system because it is necessary to movement a higher mass due to the rotation of the magnets. This disadvantage is not found in the device of the invention in which the mass of the magnets is fixed.
• the present invention proposes to overcome the disadvantages of known systems by providing a cooling device that does not use fluids pollutant refrigerants and therefore does not have the disadvantages of previous systems.
• the device of the present invention can be achieved by a simple and economical construction, capable of being industrialized and resulting in a compact, efficient and economical apparatus.
• the device as defined in the preamble and characterized in that it further comprises means for bringing said heat transfer fluid in an axial direction into said coaxial circular part, means for introducing said heat transfer fluid in a radial direction. in said through radial cavities, said means for introducing said heat transfer fluid in an axial direction into said coaxial circular piece and said means for introducing said heat transfer fluid in a radial direction into said through radial cavities comprising at least one fluid circulator arranged to circulate said heat transfer fluid, at least a first collector arranged to collect said carrier fluid having passed through said radial cavities through an area comprising said magnetic field generator, and at least a second collector arranged to collect said heat transfer fluid having trave rsé said through radial cavities in an area outside said magnetic field generator.
• the device comprises means arranged to form a unit arranged to be associated in series with an identical unit to form a device of greater power.
• Said heat transfer fluid may be a gas and, in this case, said heat transfer fluid circulator is a fan. Said heat transfer fluid may also be a liquid and, in this case, said heat transfer fluid circulator is a pump.
• said magnetic field generator is fixed and said coaxial circular piece having radial through cavities is rotatable about its axis by means of a drive motor coaxially mounted to said coaxial rotary circular part.
• Said magnetic field generator advantageously has the shape of a semicircular ring and comprises a steel core having a U-shaped cross section in which permanent magnets are inlaid so as to form a closed magnetic field.
• the device preferably comprises a mechanical support assembly comprising a fixed inner bell arranged coaxially inside a rotary outer bell coupled to the drive motor, the rotating coaxial part being integral with said rotary outer bell.
• the inner fixed bell and the outer rotary bell are linked by means of ball bearings.
• the fixed inner bell and rotatable outer bell form the connecting elements of two units.
• the mechanical support assembly essentially comprises a plate, a belt, a fixed plate and the inner fixed bell.
• the device preferably comprises a lower cylinder which defines with the belt and the fixed plate a lower space.
• the lower space is divided mainly by three substantially radial partitions and forms said means for introducing said heat transfer fluid in an axial direction in said coaxial circular part.
• Said magnetic field generator may be composed of an even number of magnetic elements of ring segments, the ring segments of each of said pairs of elements being arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of said magnetic field generator.
• the elements in the form of ring segments of the same pair respectively generate magnetic fields of reversed polarity.
• FIG. 1 represents a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the device for generating cold and heat by magneto-caloric effect according to the invention
• FIG. 2 represents an axial sectional view of the device of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 represents a partial bottom view, in perspective, illustrating the structure of the heat transfer fluid supply means
• FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a second embodiment of the device for generating cold and heat by magneto-caloric effect according to the invention comprising two units similar to the the device of Figure 1, connected in series in order to increase the efficiency of the system,
• FIGS. 5A and 5B show two schematic views illustrating a first form of use of the device according to the invention
• FIGS. 6A and 6B show two schematic views illustrating a second form of use of the device according to the invention
• FIGS. 7A and 7B show two schematic views illustrating a third form of use of the device according to the invention.
• Figures 8A and 8B are schematic views illustrating an advantageous embodiment of the magnetic field generator of the device according to the invention, Figure 8B being a sectional view along the line A-A of Figure 8A.
• this device 10 mainly comprises a coaxial circular piece 11 containing a magneto-caloric material, mounted on a mechanical support assembly 12 and driven in rotation about its axis through a magnetic field generated by a fixed magnetic field generator 13.
• the fixed magnetic field generator 13 has, in the construction example shown, the shape of a semicircular ring which comprises a core 14 composed of a magnetizable steel block having a general U-shape and in which are embedded magnets 15, preferably permanent magnets of high power.
• This construction could be modified by a symmetrical structure in which the magnetizable steel block in the form of a half crown is replaced by two magnetizable steel blocks corresponding to segments of a quarter circle and arranged two by two symmetrically. or segments corresponding in terms of dimensions to a sixth or an eighth of a circle and also arranged two by two symmetrically.
• the core 14 has an air gap 16 in which is engaged the coaxial circular part 11 which in this embodiment is rotatable.
• the space between the periphery of the coaxial circular piece 11 and the adjacent walls of the core 14 is very small and substantially constant. It should in principle not exceed 0.5 mm, which implies a very precise and very rigid construction of the rotating coaxial part 11 and the mechanical support assembly 12.
• the magnetic field generator 13 is, in this case, fixed and mounted on a rigid plate 17 of the mechanical support assembly 12.
• the rotating coaxial part 11 rotates outside a belt 18 mounted on a fixed plate 19 located at the base of a fixed internal bell 20 disposed coaxially inside a rotary outer bell 21 coupled to a motor. M training.
• the fixed internal bell 20 and the rotatable outer bell 21 are connected by means of two ball bearings 22 and 23.
• the mechanical support assembly 12 essentially comprises the plate 17, the belt 18, the fixed plate 19 and the bell fixed interior 20.
• the drive motor M is mounted between the fixed plate 19 and the top of the outer rotary bell 21.
• a lower cylinder 24 defines with the belt 18 and the fixed plate 19 a lower space 25 which is shown in more detail. 3 and communicates with the external environment through a central opening 26 in which is mounted a circulator 27.
• the lower space 25 extends beyond the plate 17 of the mechanical support assembly 12 substantially to the fixed plate 19 and, as shown more precisely in Figure 2, a cylindrical side wall 28 which defines this chamber near the rotary coaxial part 11, and which is perfo a plurality of holes 29 facing passages 30 formed in the belt 18.
• Figure 3 shows in greater detail the interior of the lower space 25 delimited by the cylindrical side wall 28.
• This space is shared mainly by three substantially radial partitions 41, 42 and 43 intended to orient the air flows generated by the circulator 27.
• the air which in the example shown, is the gas constituting the coolant necessary to transport calories and frigories generated by the magneto-caloric device of the invention is set in motion by a fan which constitutes the circulator.
• This heat transfer fluid could also be a liquid which, in this case, could be set in motion by a pump forming the circulator.
• the rotary coaxial part 11 is provided with a plurality of radial through-cavities 31 filled partially or totally with a magnetocaloric material, for example in the form of an accumulation of balls, these cavities opening through peripheral orifices 32 on the one hand, in a hot fluid manifold 33 which surrounds the semicircular ring of the magnetic field generator 13 and, on the other hand, in a cold fluid manifold 34 disposed in the zone in which the rotating coaxial part 11 turns off the gap 16 of the core 14 of the magnetic field generator 13.
• the hot fluid manifold communicates with a hot fluid conduit 35 fixed to the plate 17 of the mechanical support assembly 12, through openings 36 arranged in this plate 17.
• FIG. 4 shows two units 40 and 50 respectively similar to the device of Figures 1 and 2, these units being connected in series to increase the efficiency of the so-called two-stage device.
• the components of this device similar to the components described and represented in FIG. 1, have the same reference numerals.
• Each of the units 40 and 50 mainly comprises a rotary coaxial part 11 containing a magnetocaloric material, mounted on a mechanical support assembly 12 and driven in rotation about its axis through a magnetic field generated by a magnetic field generator 13.
• the field generator In the construction example shown, the magnetic element 13 has the shape of a semicircular ring which comprises a core 14 composed of a magnetizable steel block having a general U-shape and in which a series of magnets is embedded. 15, preferably permanent magnets of high power.
• the core 14 has an air gap 16 in which is engaged the rotary coaxial part 11.
• the unit 50 is turned relative to the unit 40 so that the inner rotary bell 20 and the outer fixed bell 21, which contains the inner rotary bell 20, are common to both units.
• the invention is not limited to a two-stage device.
• Other complementary units could be mounted in series on the two units 40 and 50, such an assembly for the purpose of increasing the efficiency and power of the device.
• the operation of the device illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 will be described below with reference to Figures 5A and 5B for explaining the general principle of operation of this device in a first mode of use as a cold generator.
• the air blown by the fan 27 enters a chamber A bounded by the partitions 41 and 42, at the rate of 2/3 of the volume blown and in a chamber B delimited by the partitions 42 and 43, at the rate of 1/3 of the insufflated volume.
• the air volume of the inlet chamber A is injected into the through radial cavities 31 of the coaxial circular part 11, for example containing magneto-caloric material balls, packed so as to allow the passage to the air, and is released into the ambient air.
• the air that has been blown into the coaxial circular piece 11 from the chamber B is collected at its outlet and is blown into the chamber C.
• the air leaving the coaxial circular piece 11 from a first zone of chamber C in zone D is injected into the chamber B where it is mixed with the air blown by the fan 27.
• the air coming from the coaxial circular part 11 from a second zone of the chamber C in the zone adjacent to the zone D constitutes the flow of cooled air Fx used by the device acting as a cold generator.
• the fan 27 blows the air only in the chamber B.
• the air having passed through the radial cavities through the coaxial circular part 11 is injected in equal parts into the chambers A and C.
• the cooled air flow Fx leaving sector C is collected and blown into a chamber to be cooled (not shown).
• a cold air flow out identical to the flow of air Fx entering the cold room, is taken and is injected in equal parts in the rooms B and D.
• Half of this air is mixed with the ambient air blown by the fan 27 into the chamber B.
• the other half of this air is mixed with the air of the chamber A. Part, in this case half of the air coming from the room A, is insufflated in room D.
• FIGS. 7A and 7B show a third mode of use in which the device is provided with two fans 27a and 27b and with four tubes E, F, G and H.
• the first fan 27a draws in the ambient air or the air of the sector A and pushes it back into the tube E.
• the other fan 27b draws air from the cold room (not shown) and pushes it back into the tube
• FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate an embodiment of a magnetic field generator 130 which comprises four elements of ring segments 131, 132, 133 and 134 which are respectively separated by four elements 141, 142, 143 and 144 in which there are no magnetic field generating means.
• a rotating circular piece 110 is mounted to pass alternately between the magnetic field zones and the magnetic field free zones.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
• Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-13 CH CH01969/05A patent/CH699375B1/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2006
  • 2006-12-12 EP EP06817743A patent/EP1969294A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-12-12 CA CA002632429A patent/CA2632429A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-12-12 JP JP2008544731A patent/JP2009519427A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-12-12 US US12/097,134 patent/US8191375B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-12-12 WO PCT/CH2006/000691 patent/WO2007068134A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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