EP2013555A2 - Dispositif de réduction du givre pour congélateur - Google Patents

Dispositif de réduction du givre pour congélateur

Info

Publication number
EP2013555A2
EP2013555A2 EP07761524A EP07761524A EP2013555A2 EP 2013555 A2 EP2013555 A2 EP 2013555A2 EP 07761524 A EP07761524 A EP 07761524A EP 07761524 A EP07761524 A EP 07761524A EP 2013555 A2 EP2013555 A2 EP 2013555A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
freezer
frost
desiccant
chamber
relative humidity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07761524A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2013555A4 (fr
Inventor
Thomas H. Powers
John W. Crump
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Multisorb Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Multisorb Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Multisorb Technologies Inc filed Critical Multisorb Technologies Inc
Publication of EP2013555A2 publication Critical patent/EP2013555A2/fr
Publication of EP2013555A4 publication Critical patent/EP2013555A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
    • F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
    • F25D2317/0411—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by dehumidification

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reducing moisture in an enclosed space. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of and apparatus for significantly reducing the formation of frost on the inner surface of and contents contained within a freezer, and for removing frost should it form.
  • freezer frost The build up of freezer frost over time is a known nuisance. As time elapses, more and more frost accumulates on inner surfaces of the freezer and its contents, substantially reducing the usable space within the freezer. Moreover, freezer frost also has a tendency to cause loss of flavoring in food and may discolor some food items. Accordingly, users readily undertake to remove freezer frost from within the freezer, using such techniques as putting hot items in the freezer, chipping ice with an ice pick, and the like. Once the frost is removed, however, the problem is not solved, because over time frost will re-accumulate and the process of removing frost must be repeated. [0004] In addition to the maladies described above, the presence of freezer frost also may have additional, more detrimental effects on the freezer.
  • frost builds up, air ingress vents may become blocked, which puts excess strain on the compressor and mechanics of the freezer as a whole. This leads to excess energy use, inefficiencies, and potential failures. Jf frost is allowed to build up even more, there then becomes a risk that a vice were frost may actually get into the mechanical components of the freezer, eventually also leading to failures. In each of these scenarios, the final result is at least excessive energy bills, costly repairs, or replacement of the entire freezer.
  • Freezer frost is created within the freezer in two general ways.
  • freezer frost The first way in which freezer frost is formed is caused by opening the freezer.
  • relatively warm, humid air from the external environment floods the interior of the freezer.
  • the moisture present in the outside air rapidly condenses into a fog as the air cools.
  • the fog has no place to go, and slowly deposits itself on any available surface, eventually building up and creating a layer of ice, or frost.
  • freezer frost The second source of freezer frost is sublimation. Typically, when articles are placed in the freezer, including ice cubes and like, moisture may sublime from these articles, and refreeze as frost on other surfaces of or contents within the freezer. [0007] Frost in freezers is a known problem, and there are currently two standard methods for eliminating freezer frost. However, neither is particularly efficient.
  • the first method of removing freezer frost is the traditional method, which includes removing the entire contents of the freezer, turning off the device, and allowing the ice to melt.
  • melting of the ice may be further facilitated using a warming agent, e.g., warm water, an electric frying pan or the like.
  • a warming agent e.g., warm water, an electric frying pan or the like.
  • freezer frost The other method of removing freezer frost is commonly built into freezers that are known as "frost-free" freezers.
  • the temperature within the freezer is actually elevated at some predetermined time interval to either liquefy or sublimate the frost built up in the freezer. While this method is somewhat effective, it does require additional complex mechanical components be built into the freezer. This can increase the overall cost of purchase and repair of the freezer. This method also requires additional energy, due to the required heating cycles.
  • the present invention addresses the foregoing needs in the art by providing a freezer frost abatement device and method of freezer frost abatement using a desiccant,
  • a frost resistant freezer includes a freezer chamber, a door, a cooler, and a desiccant.
  • the freezer chamber has a volume.
  • the door provides access to the freezer chamber.
  • the cooler cools air within the freezer chamber from a first temperature within the chamber immediately following closure of the door to a second, quiescent temperature during a cooling period.
  • the desiccant is disposed within the freezer chamber and is selected to absorb moisture from the freezer chamber at a rate sufficient to reduce the relative humidity within the freezer chamber to a value low enough to substantially prevent the formation of frost within the freezer chamber at the quiescent temperature.
  • a method of controlling the buildup of frost in a freezer having a freezer chamber and a cooler for cooling air within the freezer chamber to a quiescent temperature includes cooling the air within the freezer chamber to the quiescent temperature at a first relative humidity, admitting warm air and moisture into the freezer chamber, and re-cooling the air within the freezer chamber to the quiescent temperature while simultaneously reducing the relative humidity of the air within the freezer chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a graph illustrating adsorbed moisture over time for various desiccant materials according to preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a graph illustrating adsorbed moisture over time for additional desiccant materials according to additional preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • a freezer 2 generally includes a cavity 4 in which foodstuffs and the like are stored and a cooling mechanism 6 in communication with the cavity 4 to lower and maintain the temperature of the freezer cavity 4 at a quiescent temperature, substantially at or below freezing. Normally, the cavity is substantially sealed to the exterior. However, when the cavity is accessed, for example, by opening a door 8 of the freezer 2, the seal is broken and relatively warm, moist air rushes into the cavity, displacing a portion of the air previously filling the cavity.
  • This relatively warmer air causes a fog and simultaneously raises the temperature in the cavity 4, such that the cooling mechanism 6 must lower the temperature of the cavity upon resealing.
  • the relative humidity of the air raises, and if the air becomes saturated, frost forms on inner surfaces of and/or articles contained within the freezer 2.
  • the inventors have developed a way of abating freezer frost formation. Specifically, the inventors have found that by placing a desiccant packet 1 0 inside a freezer, moisture within the freezer can be adsorbed and/or absorbed before depositing as frost. Specifically, the desiccant material preferably maintains the relative humidity in the freezer below 100% during the time it takes for the cooling mechanism to return the temperature in the cavity to the quiescent temperature. A properly selected desiccant also can lower the relative humidity within the freezer to promote sublimation of frost already in the freezer. Ice sublimation generally is caused when the freezer is closed for a short period of time. Once sublimed, the resulting moisture is adsorbed/absorbed by the desiccant composition.
  • the desiccant is placed in a packet, for example, a bag or pouch.
  • the packet is moisture permeable, such that ambient moisture in the freezer can pass through the packet and be picked up by the desiccant.
  • a desiccant package according to the present invention includes an adsorbent, which can be any number of adsorbents, including clay, activated clay, wide pore or standard pore size silica gel, a salt, or molecular sieve.
  • an adsorbent which can be any number of adsorbents, including clay, activated clay, wide pore or standard pore size silica gel, a salt, or molecular sieve.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show absorbency rates of various compositions over time, as tested by the inventors.
  • formulation 1 is clay, and l (A) and l (B) designate two different packets of that formulation; formulation 2 is silica gel, and 2(A) and 2(B) designate two different packets of that formulation; formulation 3 is Transorb ® , and 3 ⁇ A) and 3(B) designate two different packets of that formulation; and formulation 4 is molecular sieve, and 4(A) and 4(B) designate two different packets of that formuiation.
  • Table 2 is used to illustrate a fifth formulation comprising 16-unit wide-pore silica gel. 5(A) in that table is that fifth formulation, while 5(B) is 1 6-unit silica gel, provided for comparison.
  • a standard top unit freezer was used having an average temperature of 0°F.
  • the external environment had an average temperature of 77°F and 50% relative humidity.
  • the desiccants were weighed initially and placed in the freezer. They were then weighed periodically, to determine how much moisture had been adsorbed by the desiccant.
  • the door of the freezer was opened eight times, for three seconds each time.
  • the door was opened three times, for three seconds each time. The inventors estimate that approximately 500 mg of moisture is introduced each time the freezer is opened.
  • Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the data contained in
  • Table 1 and Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the data contained in Table 2.
  • the plot for each of the formulations 1 through 4 are averages of the (A) and (B) samples of the respective formulation.
  • the gel with vermiculite appears to be the most effective at adsorbing moisture under freezer conditions (i.e., between approximately 9°F and -5°F). Moreover, gel with vermiculite lasted, i.e., continued to adsorb moisture, for the longest amount of time. Amongst the standard- and wide-pore silica gels tested, the standard-pore seems to be more adsorptive, at least over the 77 day test period, represented in Table and Figure 2.
  • Table 3 is similar to Table 2, but illustrates the absorption of moisture by a sixth formulation comprising 8-unit wide pore silica gel on potassium chloride. This formulation is represented by 6(A) on Table 3, while 6(B) represents an 8-unit silica gel, provided for comparison.
  • compositions for use in abating freezer frost formation also may be used according to the present invention.
  • Such alternative formulations may include humectants salt, for example, calcium chloride.
  • the adsorbent may be mixed or impregnated with such salt.
  • Stabilizers such as vermicuiite or cellulose materials, also may be added to the adsorbent material according to embodiments of the invention. Such stabilizers would keep any excess material that may have converted into solution stable. Any and all combinations of salt and stabilizers may be used.
  • Additional additives also may be used to achieve varied results.
  • binder and resins may be added to allow for ease of molding, casting, or otherwise forming the material into a given shape. Odor absorbing or aroma emitting sorbents also may be used.
  • oxygen absorbers or carbon dioxide absorbers or emitters also can be added, and not overly interfere with the effectiveness of the invention.
  • Table 4 contains a list of the tested formulations (including formulations 1 -5, already described above):
  • Tables 5 and 6 show the results of tests done using the formulations set forth in Table 4. Specifically, those tables show an initial weight (in grams) of a desiccant material and subsequent weights of the same desiccant. From these weights, one of ordinary skili in the art could readily obtain the absorption rate of each formulation.
  • a standard top unit freezer was used having an average temperature of O 0 F (between -5 0 F and 9 0 F). The external environment had an average temperature of 77°F and 50% relative humidity.
  • the freezer was opened eight times for three seconds each time.
  • the door was opened three times for three seconds each time. The inventors estimate that approximately 500 mg of moisture is introduced each time the freezer is opened.
  • a presently preferred formulation for the desiccant is Formulation 1 9, which consists of 80% wide-pore silica gel and 20% calcium chloride.
  • the desiccants according to the invention will continue to adsorb moisture for anywhere between about 30 days and about 1 80 days.
  • the desiccant Upon termination of the operative life, which may be indicated on the package or the like, the desiccant is discarded and replaced with a new package.
  • the desiccant's life preferably is some multiple of months, so the user can easily remember when to replace the desiccant.
  • the preferred desiccant also preferably will adsorb between about 20% to and about 50% of its weight of moisture at a relative humidity of between about 45% and 55% at a temperature of between -5 0 F and 9 0 F. As illustrated in the tables, above, some of the tested formulations fit within this range.
  • the constituents of the desiccant preferably are contained in a packet.
  • the material making up the packet should be easily permeated by ambient water vapor. Some suitable materials would be any permeable, semi-permeable, micro-porous, or porous non-woven material, or other acceptable film.
  • the presently preferred material is a porous non-woven, such as TYVEK ® .
  • the formulation was placed in a TYVEK ® bag.
  • the porosity of the packet will influence the adsorptive capacity of the desiccant composition. In particular, moisture will be more slowly adsorbed when the packet's pores are relatively smaller than when the pores are relatively larger. Using no packet will provide the greatest adsorptive rate.
  • the desiccant package of the invention preferably operates in a range of temperatures from about -20°F to about 20°F, although the packages described above aiso wiii operate in a range of temperatures from about -40°F to about 30°F.
  • the packages also are operable in environments having varied relative humidity ranging from about 20% to about 99%, but are preferably used between about 45% and about 55% relative humidity.
  • the packet may adsorb moisture for from about 30 days to about 270 days.
  • the preferable operating life of the desiccant preferably is from about 60 days to about 1 80 days. The life of the desiccant also will vary depending at least on the type of adsorbent or mixture used, the materials used, the relative humidity, and the temperature.
  • a user obtains a packet and places the packet in a freezer.
  • the packet maintains the frost-free environment in the freezer for a suggested operating life, and is discarded and replaced at the end of the operating life.
  • desiccant formulations are described above. As will be appreciated, different formulations may be used depending upon the desired results. For example, a different formulation may be useful depending upon the desired absorption rate or the desired useful life of the desiccant packet. Characteristics including the equilibrium relative humidity of the desiccant, the temperature within and outside the freezer, and the relative humidity within and outside of the freezer all may be considerations in designing the effective desiccant packet according to the invention. For example, in some embodiments it may be desirable to use a desiccant packet that maintains the relative humidity within the freezer just beiow 1 00%, for example, between 90% and 99% relative humidity.
  • the desiccant does not adsorb any more moisture than necessary to maintain a frost-free environment.
  • Other embodiments also are contemplated in which it is desired that the relative humidity in the freezer by lowered substantially, e.g., to between 40% and 50%, to allow for quicker and/or more effective sublimation and water vapor adsorption.
  • the composition of the packing also will have some bearing on the characteristics of the overall desiccant package.
  • the invention has been described heretofore as usable in a freezer environment, the invention also may be used in any environment to aid in abating formation of condensation or frost on surfaces.
  • the device also may be used in air conditioning ducts, and the like.
  • the adsorbent material may be in a powdered form in a packet, or it may be in some other form.
  • the material could be formed into a grid structure, placed in a canister, formed into a solid block through a binder, resin, or compression; formed into a sheet by a binder, resin or compression, compressed into any shape, sintered into any shape, molded into any shape, coated onto another substrate, or formed into a corrugated sheet.
  • a desiccant material formed according to some of these methods will not require a packet, bag or sachet,
  • the inventors also contemplate that a freezer could be made with a special holder or receptacle for a desiccant packet.
  • the desiccant package according to the invention may be shaped or formed for placement in the holder or receptacle.
  • the desiccant material is formed as a plurality of stacked sheets.
  • Each sheet preferably has a top surface having the exposed desiccant and a bottom surface arranged proximate the top surface of the next sheet in the stack.
  • the sheet is removed, revealing the next sheet in the stack, particularly, the next sheets desiccant.
  • the removed sheet preferably is discarded.
  • an identifying agent such as a color changing agent, also may be incorporated in each sheet to indicate to a user that the exposed sheet has come to the end of its useful life, e.g., because the desiccant is saturated.
  • a barrier layer may be provided between sheets and/or over the top sheet, the barrier layer being removable to expose and activate the underlying desiccant.
  • the bottom portion of the bottommost sheet preferably also has a releasable adhesive or the like for affixing the desiccant package to an interior surface of the freezer,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un congélateur résistant au givre comprenant une chambre, une porte, un dispositif de refroidissement et un déshydratant. La chambre du congélateur comprend un volume. La porte permet d'accéder à la chambre du congélateur. Le dispositif de refroidissement refroidit l'air à l'intérieur de la chambre à partir d'une première température dans la chambre immédiatement après la fermeture de la porte jusqu'à une seconde température de repos pendant une période de refroidissement. Le déshydratant est disposé dans la chambre du congélateur et est sélectionné en vue d'une absorption de l'humidité de la chambre à une vitesse permettant de réduire l'humidité relative à l'intérieur de la chambre à une valeur suffisamment faible pour prévenir la formation de givre dans ladite chambre à la température de repos.
EP07761524.3A 2006-04-27 2007-04-27 Dispositif de réduction du givre pour congélateur Withdrawn EP2013555A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79563806P 2006-04-27 2006-04-27
PCT/US2007/067705 WO2007127961A2 (fr) 2006-04-27 2007-04-27 Dispositif de réduction du givre pour congélateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2013555A2 true EP2013555A2 (fr) 2009-01-14
EP2013555A4 EP2013555A4 (fr) 2013-10-16

Family

ID=38656436

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07761524.3A Withdrawn EP2013555A4 (fr) 2006-04-27 2007-04-27 Dispositif de réduction du givre pour congélateur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2013555A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN101479543A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0710713A2 (fr)
MX (1) MX2008013817A (fr)
RU (1) RU2426959C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007127961A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202008000765U1 (de) * 2007-12-28 2009-04-30 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät
CN104815632B (zh) * 2015-04-03 2019-05-03 青岛海尔股份有限公司 冰箱用干燥装置的干燥剂恢复方法
CN106091519A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2016-11-09 青岛海尔股份有限公司 冰箱
CN110617672B (zh) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-02 项仁肖 一种智能控湿冰箱

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455119A (en) * 1968-02-16 1969-07-15 Gen Motors Corp Plural compartment high humidity domestic refrigerator
SE7909844L (sv) * 1979-11-29 1981-05-30 Electrolux Ab Sett och anordning for att halla ett frysskap frostfritt
GB2165341A (en) 1984-08-29 1986-04-09 Christopher Denham Wall Refrigerators
SU1406433A1 (ru) * 1987-01-06 1988-06-30 Кишиневский Завод Холодильников Бытовой морозильник
US5203161A (en) * 1990-10-30 1993-04-20 Lehto John M Method and arrangement for cooling air to gas turbine inlet
RU2094714C1 (ru) * 1991-12-11 1997-10-27 Валерий Викторович Сащенко Бытовой морозильник
US5322161A (en) * 1992-11-30 1994-06-21 United States Surgical Corporation Clear package for bioabsorbable articles
US5743942A (en) * 1996-09-19 1998-04-28 United Catalysts Inc. Desiccant container
US6135273A (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-24 Cuen; Joseph Anthony Thermal bag
US6351958B1 (en) * 2000-01-12 2002-03-05 Whirlpool Corporation Optic level sensing system for use in a refrigerator
US6558528B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2003-05-06 Lifescan, Inc. Electrochemical test strip cards that include an integral dessicant
US6588345B1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-07-08 United States Sugar Corporation System for improving the flowability of hygroscopic materials from a hopper
JP2006029643A (ja) * 2004-07-14 2006-02-02 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷凍冷蔵庫用冷凍装置
EP1845321B1 (fr) * 2006-01-30 2017-07-26 Whirlpool Corporation Réfrigérateur avec dispositif d'absorption d'humidité

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0710713A2 (pt) 2011-08-16
CN101479543A (zh) 2009-07-08
WO2007127961A2 (fr) 2007-11-08
RU2008146736A (ru) 2010-06-10
RU2426959C2 (ru) 2011-08-20
WO2007127961A3 (fr) 2008-02-14
MX2008013817A (es) 2009-01-26
EP2013555A4 (fr) 2013-10-16

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