EP2049864A2 - Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP2049864A2
EP2049864A2 EP07872582A EP07872582A EP2049864A2 EP 2049864 A2 EP2049864 A2 EP 2049864A2 EP 07872582 A EP07872582 A EP 07872582A EP 07872582 A EP07872582 A EP 07872582A EP 2049864 A2 EP2049864 A2 EP 2049864A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glycerin
projectile according
alkoxylated
alkoxylated glycerin
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07872582A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David Bradley Wurm
David A. Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Dow Global Technologies LLC
Publication of EP2049864A2 publication Critical patent/EP2049864A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B6/00—Projectiles or missiles specially adapted for projection without use of explosive or combustible propellant charge, e.g. for blow guns, bows or crossbows, hand-held spring or air guns
    • F42B6/10—Air gun pellets ; Ammunition for air guns, e.g. propellant-gas containers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile containing a fill composition which comprises an alkoxylated glycerin.
  • the present invention also relates to various applications of the new fill composition.
  • Capsules containing appropriate marking materials for use as projectiles in applications ranging from field markers for trees to recreational "paintball" sporting activities are well known in the art (US3,861,943; US 4,634,606; US 4,656,092; US 5,393,054; US 5,885,671; US 6,530,962; EP0786641). Early fill compositions for such capsule projectiles consisted simply of dyes. But as disclosed in US 3,861,943, such
  • the present invention relates to a projectile containing a fill composition, wherein the composition comprises an alkoxylated glycerin.
  • the projectile may be made of gelatin, polystyrene, polyolefin, or mixture thereof.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin may be a reaction product between glycerin and an alkylene oxide.
  • the alkoxylated 10 glycerin is a catalyzed reaction product between glycerin and an alkylene oxide.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin is a reaction product between glycerin and an alkylene oxide, and the reaction is catalyzed by one of NaOH, KOH, double metal cyanide, or mixture thereof.
  • the starting material, glycerin may be crude or refined.
  • the 15 glycerin is obtained from a byproduct of a biodiesel process.
  • the other reaction starting material, alkylene oxide may be a) one of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide, or b) a mixture of any combinations of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
  • the reaction product, the alkoxylated glycerin has a molar ratio glycerin: alkylene 20 oxide of about 1 :1 to about 1:20.
  • the molar ratio glycerin:alkylene oxide is about 1 :1 to about 1 :10.
  • the molar ratio glycerin:alkylene oxide is about 1 :2 to about 1 :10.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin is an ethoxylated glycerin with a molar ratio glycerin:ethylene oxide of about 1 :2 to about 1 :7. In another example, 25 the molar ratio glycerin:ethylene oxide is about 1:2.4 to 1:6.4. In another example, the molar ratio glycerin:ethylene oxide glycerin ethylene oxide is about 1 :4.4.
  • the fill composition for the projectile comprises about 15 to 100 wt. % of alkoxylated glycerin, preferably about 50 to 100 wt. % of alkoxylated glycerin, more preferably about 75 to 100 wt. % of alkoxylated glycerin, and most preferably about 90 to 30 100 wt. % of alkoxylated glycerin. 64934A 3
  • the projectile fill composition may further comprise dyes, thickening agents, fragrances, glycerin, density builders, surfactants, fillers, polyethylene glycol or mixture thereof.
  • the fill composition comprises about 15 to 100 wt.% of alkoxylated glycerin, less than about 5 wt.% of a dye, less than about 3 wt.% of glycerin, 5 less than about 5 wt.% of water, less than about 4 wt.% of a thickening agent, less than about 85 wt.% of PEG, and less than 1 wt.% of a filler.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin is substantially in liquid form at a temperature higher than -40 0 C. In one embodiment, the alkoxylated glycerin is substantially in liquid form at a temperature higher than -30 °C. In another embodiment, the alkoxylated glycerin is 10 substantially in liquid form at a temperature higher than -25 0 C.
  • the pour point of the alkoxylated glycerin is usually about -20 to -40 °C. In one embodiment, the pour point of the alkoxylated glycerin is about -25 to -40 0 C. In another embodiment, the pour point of the alkoxylated glycerin is about -30 to -40 °C.
  • the viscosity of the alkoxylated glycerin is usually about 75 to 800 centistokes at 40 15 0 C. In one embodiment, the viscosity of the alkoxylated glycerin is about 75 to 150 centistokes at 40 0 C. In another embodiment, the viscosity of the alkoxylated glycerin is about 85 to 140 centistokes at 40 0 C.
  • the molecular weight of the alkoxylated glycerin is usually about 130 to 1000. In one embodiment, the molecular weight of the alkoxylated glycerin is about 130 to 600. In 20 another embodiment, the molecular weight of the alkoxylated glycerin is about 175 to 400.
  • the projectile contains ethoxylated glycerin fill material which has a glycerin:ethylene oxide molar ratio of 1:2.4 to 1:6.4, and wherein the fill material has a pour point between -30 to -40 0 C, a molecular weight of about 175 to about 400, and a viscosity between 85 to 140 centistokes at 40 0 C.
  • the fill composition of the present invention may further comprise a pigment, a field or scent marker for use in wildlife control, and a malodor compound. It may be used as fill material for a paintball. 64934A 4
  • alkoxylated glycerin in the new composition of the present invention may find applications in other fields.
  • alkoxylated glycerin may be used in as a humectant in cosmetic applications, as part of a drilling mud or insulating fluid in oil field applications, in pesticide 5 formulations, in cleaning products, personal care products, or as a part of an animal feed humectant. It may also be used in any equipment in war games or as a part of a non-lethal weapon.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the viscosities, at 40 0 C, of ethoxylated glycerins compared to 15 those of PEG of various molecular weights.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the viscosity of three different glycerin ethoxylates and PEG 300 at temperatures ranging from 30°C to 100°C.
  • the "molecular weight” is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using the following conditions: The samples are prepared by dissolving them in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature.
  • the GPC column is a Polymer Labs Mixed E and the detector is a Waters 410 Differential Refractometer.
  • the eluent is tetrahydrofuran and the 5 flow rate is 1 mL/minute.
  • Column temperature is 40 0 C.
  • Sample concentration is 0.25 weight % and injection volume is 150 ⁇ L. Calibration is performed using Polymer Laboratories PEG 10 Calibrants.
  • the "viscosity” is measured using ASTM Method D-7042.
  • the “pour point” is measured using ASTM Method D-97.
  • the present invention provides new fill compositions to replace the traditional use of
  • the new compositions comprise an alkoxylated glycerin, or triol.
  • the molecular weight of the alkoxylated glycerin made for the present invention is typically between 130 to 1000, preferably between 130 to 600, and more
  • the alkoxylated glycerin can usually be made by a reaction between glycerin and alkylene oxide. Such reaction is usually catalyzed by one of NaOH, KOH, double metal cyanide, or mixture thereof.
  • glycerin obtained from a byproduct of a biodiesel
  • the alkylene oxide can typically be a) one of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide, or b) a mixture of any combinations of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin has a molar ratio of glycerin:alkylene oxide between about 1 :1 to about 1 :20, preferably between about 1 :1 to about 1 :10, and more 25 preferably between about 1 :2 to about 1:10.
  • ethylene oxide (EO) is used to react with glycerin to make ethoxylated glycerin as shown below:
  • n may be 0.3 to 6.7 depending on the viscosity and/or molecular weight desired in any particular application.
  • the reaction may be carried out at about 130 to 14O 0 C.
  • the residual catalyst can usually be neutralized by adding acetic acid or some other organic acid that produces soluble salts.
  • the reacted residual catalyst e.g. soluble 5 potassium acetate salts, may be left in the reaction product and no filtration is needed.
  • an acid such as phosphoric or sulfuric acid can be used to form insoluble catalyst salts followed by filtration.
  • the ethoxylated glycerin has a molar ratio of glycerin: ethylene oxide of about 1 :2 to about 1:7.
  • the 10 molar ratio of glycerin:ethylene oxide is about 1 :2.4 to 1 :6.4.
  • the molar ratio of glycerin:ethylene oxide is about 1 :4.4.
  • the fill composition typically comprises about 15 to 100 wt. %, preferably about 50 to 100 wt. %, more preferably 75 to 100 wt. %, and most preferably about 90 to 100 wt. % of alkoxylated glycerin.
  • the fill composition may also contain other components such as dyes or pigments, thickening agents, fragrances, glycerin, malodor compounds, density builders, field or scent marker in wildlife control, surfactants, fillers, polyethylene glycol or a mixture thereof. Water may be added to the fill composition to further lower the cost and reduce viscosity if needed.
  • the fill composition of the present disclosure may also contain other components such as dyes or pigments, thickening agents, fragrances, glycerin, malodor compounds, density builders, field or scent marker in wildlife control, surfactants, fillers, polyethylene glycol or a mixture thereof. Water may be added to the fill composition to further lower the cost and reduce viscosity if needed.
  • the fill composition of the present may also contain other components such as dyes or pigments, thickening agents, fragrances, glycerin, malodor compounds, density builders, field or scent marker in wildlife control, surfactants, fillers, polyethylene glycol or a mixture thereof. Water may be added to the fill composition to further lower
  • PEG 20 invention is also compatible with PEG and may be used as a blend with PEG material in order to reduce the amount of PEGs used in the fill material, thus reducing the overall fill material cost.
  • the fill composition comprises about 15 to 100 wt.% of alkoxylated glycerin, less than about 5 wt.% of a dye, less than about 3 wt.% 25 of glycerin, less than about 5 wt.% of water, less than about 4 wt.% of a thickening agent, less than about 85 wt.% of PEG, and less than 1 wt.% of a filler.
  • the alkoxylated glycerin used in the present invention is substantially in liquid form at a temperature higher than -40 0 C. In one embodiment, it is substantially in liquid form at a temperature higher than -30 0 C. In another embodiment, it is substantially in liquid form 30 at a temperature higher than -25 0 C. 64934A
  • the alkoxylated glycerin used in the present invention has a pour point of about -20 to -40 0 C. In one embodiment, the pour point is about -25 to -40 0 C. In another embodiment, the pour point is about -30 to -40 0 C.
  • the viscosity of the alkoxylated glycerin used in the present invention is usually about 75 to 800 centistokes at 40 0 C. In one embodiment, the viscosity is about 75 to 150 centistokes at 40 0 C. hi another embodiment, the viscosity is about 85 to 140 centistokes at 4O 0 C.
  • the molecular weight of the alkoxylated glycerin used in the present invention is usually about 130 to 1000. In one embodiment, it is about 130 to 600. In another
  • the viscosities of the ethoxylated glycerin are greater for a given molecular weight than for a PEG of the same molecular weight, as shown in Figure 1. This is particularly true at lower molecular weights where the glycerin ethoxylates show the most economic advantage over PEG.
  • Figure 2 shows the viscosity of the lower molecular weight glycerin 5 ethoxylates compared to PEG 300 at various temperatures. It is noted that the low temperature viscosity of the ethoxylated glycerin is significantly greater than PEG 300. Because of this, viscosity modifiers can be reduced or eliminated in ethoxylated glycerin based fill composition, hence reducing the cost.
  • the ethoxylated glycerins are substantially in liquid form. It is also significant that the 10 viscosities converge at higher temperatures, further supporting the idea that the higher viscosity ethoxylated glycerin will not present processing problems compared to PEGs at temperatures typical of storage and processing.
  • paintballs with above fill compositions provide equivalent or superior performance characteristics to commercial paintball fills.
  • the fill compositions of the present invention may include other components, including PEG, in order to achieve desired performance characteristics and/or to reduce the cost of the products.
  • PEG poly(ethylene glycol)
  • alkoxylated glycerin based materials can be made using the following compositions:
  • the compatibility of the projectile shell with the fill material is critical to the performance of the projectile. Equilibrium will be reached between the hydrophilic components of the shell and the fill materials. These hydrophilic components, such as
  • plasticizers such as glycerin
  • Sample B has the best compatibility with gelatin shells.
  • alkoxylated glycerin in the new composition of the present invention may find applications in other fields.
  • alkoxylated glycerin may be used in a cosmetic formulation as a humectant, as part of a drilling mud or insulating fluid in oil field applications, in pesticide formulations, in cleaning products, personal care products, or as a part of an animal feed humectant. It may also be used in any equipment in war games or as a part of a non-lethal

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nouveau projectile économique contenant une composition de charge à base de glycérine alcoxylée ainsi que son procédé de préparation. Le projectile peut être constitué de gélatine, polystyrène, polyoléfine, ou un mélange de ceux-ci. La glycérine alcoxylée peut être un produit réactionnel catalysé entre de la glycérine raffinée ou brute et un oxyde d'alcoylène, tel qu'un oxyde d'éthylène.
EP07872582A 2006-08-03 2007-07-26 Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP2049864A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83522906P 2006-08-03 2006-08-03
PCT/US2007/016835 WO2008094195A2 (fr) 2006-08-03 2007-07-26 Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2049864A2 true EP2049864A2 (fr) 2009-04-22

Family

ID=39674639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07872582A Withdrawn EP2049864A2 (fr) 2006-08-03 2007-07-26 Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2049864A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009545720A (fr)
CN (1) CN101501440A (fr)
CA (1) CA2659450A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008094195A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2921474A1 (fr) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-27 David Delhaye Bille a peinture marquante et procede de fabrication
JP2010065154A (ja) * 2008-09-11 2010-03-25 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 固形燃料及びその製造方法
WO2024148311A1 (fr) * 2023-01-05 2024-07-11 Hasbro, Inc. Projectile d'hydrogel stable en température

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3636086A1 (de) * 1986-10-23 1988-04-28 Henkel Kgaa Fettsaeureester von polyglycerinpolyglykolethern, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung
US6298841B1 (en) * 1995-06-19 2001-10-09 Richard T. Cheng Paintball gun and light emitting projectile-type ammunition for use therewith
US5885671A (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-03-23 R.P. Scherer North America Polyoxyalkylene glycol gelatin capsule fill formulations comprising crosslinked carboxylic copolymers
CA2487030A1 (fr) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft (meth)acrylesters de glycerine polyalcoxy
DE10325198B4 (de) * 2003-06-04 2007-10-25 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Verwendung von alkoxylierten vernetzten Polyglycerinen als biologisch abbaubare Emulsionsspalter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008094195A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009545720A (ja) 2009-12-24
CA2659450A1 (fr) 2008-08-07
WO2008094195A3 (fr) 2008-11-20
CN101501440A (zh) 2009-08-05
WO2008094195A2 (fr) 2008-08-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0787779B1 (fr) Procédé pour préparer des encres pour stylos à bille aqueuses et fluidifiables par cisaillement, compositions de ces encres et stylos à bille en faisant usage
AU609944B2 (en) Coated granular fertilizer
CN103890152B (zh) 烃油和通过dmc催化产生的油溶性pag的组合物
WO2008094195A2 (fr) Nouvelle compositions de charge et leur procédé de fabrication
Chiang et al. Polymer blends of polyamide‐6 and poly (phenylene oxide) compatibilized by styrene‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate
EP1036833B1 (fr) Encre a base aqueuse pour stylo-bille
JPH0892519A (ja) 水性ボールペン用インキ組成物
US20030196568A1 (en) Water-based ink composition for writing utensil
WO2007145163A1 (fr) Composition d'encre à report à deux couleurs à base d'eau et ustensiles d'écriture fabriqués en l'utilisant
FR2579613A1 (fr) Application d'un fluide non aqueux a base de monoether d'alcoyleneglycol en tant qu'agent de transfert de chaleur
WO1991017132A1 (fr) Explosif au nitrate d'ammonium/combustible a separation de combustible reduite
US5885671A (en) Polyoxyalkylene glycol gelatin capsule fill formulations comprising crosslinked carboxylic copolymers
US7883774B1 (en) Paintball formulation and method for making the same
EP1161506A1 (fr) Encres a base de solvants pour stylos
KR100392544B1 (ko) 의소성 수성 볼펜용 잉크
FR2854889A1 (fr) Matiere energetique a liant thermoplastique
EP0997509A1 (fr) Composition d'encre aqueuse pour instruments d'ecriture
JP6811626B2 (ja) ボールペン用水性インク組成物
CA2678908A1 (fr) Matiere de remplissage a base d'amidon pour balles de peinture
US20110146524A1 (en) Modified Starch of Enhanced Water Soluble Dye Composition in Core Projectile and Method of Making
US20230312947A1 (en) Dispersing agent, dispersion element, ink composition, and method for manufacturing same
JP4526062B2 (ja) 筆記具及びインクの製造方法
JP2017155161A (ja) 筆記具用水性インク組成物
JPH0328472B2 (fr)
CN107190125A (zh) 一种环保淬火液及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Effective date: 20090425