EP2076111A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines

Info

Publication number
EP2076111A1
EP2076111A1 EP06747720A EP06747720A EP2076111A1 EP 2076111 A1 EP2076111 A1 EP 2076111A1 EP 06747720 A EP06747720 A EP 06747720A EP 06747720 A EP06747720 A EP 06747720A EP 2076111 A1 EP2076111 A1 EP 2076111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hemp
panicles
stems
harvesting
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06747720A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ryszard Kaniewski
Tadeusz Potocki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INSTITUTE OF NATURAL FIBRES AND MEDICINAL PLANTS
Original Assignee
Inst Wlokiennictwa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inst Wlokiennictwa filed Critical Inst Wlokiennictwa
Publication of EP2076111A1 publication Critical patent/EP2076111A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/06—Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants
    • A01D45/065—Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants of fibrous plants other than flax, e.g. ramie, sisal, hemp, jute, Spanish grass, raffia

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device for harvesting hemp grown for seeds, where seed-containing panicles are cut-off and stems are left in the field for dew retting or are dried in the field. Stem sections without panicles are swathed in the form of a ridge for dew-retting or drying while sections with panicles are loaded on the trailer for drying and ginning to recover seeds.
  • Hemp is an industrial plant with a considerable height of stems reaching 2.5-4 m which yields seeds, stem fiber and shives used by industry. Hemp fiber is traditionally used for production of coarse fabrics, ropes, twine and recently more and more often for long-fibrous pulp. Seeds are used for oil pressing, fodder, while panicles are used for extraction of essential oil used by pharmaceutical and food industry and in aromatherapy.
  • hemp is grown for fiber which later is to be upgraded, it is grown for fiber exclusively at higher sowing densities and harvested early. Mowed stems are swathed in the field for dew-retting which allows for decomposition of pectin inside stems and separation of fiber from woody parts of stem.
  • a two-purpose cultivation is used, in which plants are harvested at full maturity stage.
  • plants are mowed, bundled and bundles are arranged in cones and left in the filed to ensure drying before ginning.
  • Plants are ginned, using specialized devices moving from cone to cone, and followed by packing seeds in sacks. Chaffs are blown to the field during ginning and ginned bundles are taken away for further processing.
  • Harvest is often carried out using regular mowers.
  • a specialized mower is also used for hemp harvesting - Russian ZK-1, 9.
  • This mower has a knife assembled on supporting frame. Over the knife a divider is located which is combined with sectional conveyors that transport the mowed stems to a bundle binder.
  • a swathing device dropping mowed stems directly in the field is assembled instead of the bundle binder.
  • the method of hemp harvesting consists in cutting up the stems into at least three sections, separating the stems from seed panicles and spreading the remaining stem sections in layers in the field directly after harvesting the plants.
  • the hemp harvesting machine is equipped in sectional band clamping conveyors. Behind the conveyors the platform of needle transporters is located, the needle transporters being situated diagonally towards the direction of the sectional conveyor, and two zones are differentiated in this unit: zone (A) feeding the raw material to the circular saw assembly, and zone (B) discharging the material.
  • each saw cooperates with a pair of needle transporters, while transporter, located in the vicinity of the saw has a linear velocity higher than the velocity of the other transporter of the pair.
  • Two distributing sliding shears are mounted on the side edge of the platform.
  • Conveyor belt is situated perpendicularly to the rear edge of the platform and adjustably in the horizontal axis.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of mechanical extraction of natural fibers, especially flax and hemp fiber, from broken, retted or non-retted stems of fibrous plants in a simultaneous process of braking.
  • the process of simultaneous breaking is performed on fibrous plant stems arranged parallel one to each other.
  • the stems are moving between feeding cylinders towards the outer surface of turning cylinder furnished in sticking out tearing elements.
  • the result of the action is a mixture of tangled natural fibers and fragments of wooden part of stems which are cleaned and fiber is separated.
  • the two cutter-bars are coupled to a threshing, picking and conveyor machine.
  • the stalks and the seeds are conveyed into separate containers on a towed vehicle and saved as appropriate.
  • a bottom cutter-bar attached to the tractor's front hydraulic system deposits the harvested plants between the tractor tires as a middle swath.
  • a stalk-cutter in front of the bottom cutter-bar avoids tangling.
  • a stationary or slowly turning metal or textile casing protects the top part of the cutter- drums of the bottom cutter-bar from becoming tangled up with long stalks.
  • JP2004073137 published 2004-03-11
  • the subject of the present invention is to provide means that could be used for developing a method and a device for harvesting hemp grown for seed, ensuring a substantial increase of seed yield harvested in full maturity stage and avoiding intensive impact of working elements of the devices causing the seed falloff resulting in yield loss.
  • the subject of the present invention is also to eliminate manual work during hemp ginning in cones and to eliminate the source of losses resulting from birds feeding on seeds during period of drying bundles in cones. Addressing this objective and solving problems described in technique status connected with developing of the method and the device for harvesting hemp grown for seed that have been achieved by separate harvest of panicles and their direct drying and ginning. Elimination of manual work with elimination of intensive impact of working elements causing the seed falloff and the loss of substantial part of yields caused by birds have been achieved. These objectives have been achieved with this invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is the method of hemp harvesting in which the whole stems are mowed, including panicles with hemp, is characterized in that the upper knife 4 cuts off panicles containing seeds and next, the bottom knife 3 cuts off the remaining part of the stem, while seed containing panicles are carried by conveyors 7 and 8 directly onto the parallel moving trailer, where the position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions.
  • the cut-off panicles are raked together by the raking device 6 onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8, next, the cut-off panicles fall down pulled by gravitation from the inclined conveyor 8 . into the trailer pulled by the tractor moving on the field parallel to the said hemp harvesting device.
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide JJh
  • the right after panicles are cut-off by the upper knife 4, the bottom knife 3 cuts-off the stems followed by laying them down on the field by the worm unit 9 through the throat 10 in the form of a ridge, where the ridge of stems is located between the front J ⁇ and rear 12 wheels.
  • the method is characterized by the fact that it is applicable for harvesting fiber bearing plants, especially hemp, jute and kenaf.
  • Another subject of the invention is the hemp harvesting device, mowing whole hemp stems together with seed containing panicles, having a supporting structure of typical agricultural self-propelled chassis is characterized in that the unit of bottom knife 2 with a knife 3_ cutting off stems after the panicles are cut off by the upper knife 4 in a unit of upper knife unit 5 is assembled to the self-propelled supporting chassis L
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide 15, while the cut-off panicles are raked together by the raking device onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8.
  • the conveyors 7 and 8 transport the seed containing panicles directly onto parallel moving trailer.
  • the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions.
  • the position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions and can be executed by the device operator using hydraulic servo-motors 16, while position of the bottom knife 3 in relation to the ground can be adjusted by the machine operator using the mowing unit suspension mechanisms 14 and secured from falling dawn of cutting plane on the ground by a skid 13.
  • the device is characterized by the fact that it can be used for harvesting fiber bearing plants, especially hemp, jute and kenaf.
  • Figure 1 shows the hemp harvesting device where:
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the hemp harvesting device
  • Example 1 The method and the device for hemp harvesting
  • the hemp harvesting device has a supporting structure of typical agricultural self-propelled chassis of for instance cutting mower E 303 (Polish branch symbol Z 185/3) together with a cabin.
  • the unit of bottom knife 2 with a knife 3 cutting off stems after the panicles are cut off by the upper knife 4 in a unit of upper knife unit 5_ is assembled to the self-propelled supporting chassis 1.
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide 15.
  • the cutoff panicles are raked together by the raking device onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8, next, the cut-off panicles fall down pulled by gravitation from the inclined conveyor into the trailer pulled by the tractor moving in the field parallel to the said hemp harvesting device.
  • Position of the bottom knife 3 in relation to the ground can be adjusted by the machine operator using the mowing unit suspension mechanisms 14 and secured from falling dawn of cutting plane on the ground by a skid 13.
  • Position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions and can be executed by the device operator using hydraulic servo-motors 16.
  • the hemp harvesting device is equipped with the unit of upper knife 5 with perpendicular conveyor 7 and inclined conveyor 8 . that moves the cut-off panicle on the trailer, the unit of bottom knife 2 and a unit of stem thickening worm unit before swathing them on the field.
  • the location of knifes one in relation to the other is such that the working plane of upper knife is dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground and is moved ahead towards the move of the mower in relation to the bottom knife.
  • the location of the bottom knife is adjustable in relation to the surface of the field by the position of the whole hemp harvesting device.
  • the seed containing panicle sections of stems are separated from the remaining stem sections. Sections with panicles are taken outside the field to extract seeds or essential oils.
  • the solution according to this invention enables harvest hemp grown both exclusively for fiber or for fiber and seeds.
  • Device enables separate harvest of top part of hemp stems. Shortening of stems by the sections containing panicles significantly simplifies swathing stems in the field and other operations necessary during stem retting or drying such as turning, shaking or ragging as it can be done with commonly used agricultural machines.
  • the method and the device according to the invention ensures full mechanization of hemp harvest, completely eliminating manual work.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines, dans lequel les graines contenant les panicules de chanvre sont coupées et les tiges sont rouissées à la rosée ou séchées directement dans le champ. Les sections de tiges sans panicules sont fauchées dans le champ sous la forme d'un billon pour le rouissage ou le séchage alors que les sections de tiges avec panicules sont chargées sur une remorque pour le séchage ou l'égrenage pour extraire les graines.
EP06747720A 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines Withdrawn EP2076111A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/PL2006/000030 WO2007133098A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2076111A1 true EP2076111A1 (fr) 2009-07-08

Family

ID=37580595

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06747720A Withdrawn EP2076111A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2076111A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007133098A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2978897B1 (fr) * 2011-08-10 2013-08-16 Ouest Agri Sa Installation de coupe pour la coupe de vegetaux a tige verticale, tels que du chanvre, et moissonneuse-batteuse a chassis roulant equipe a l'avant d'une telle installation de coupe
FR2989552B1 (fr) 2012-04-23 2015-02-20 Remy Nadalin Procede et dispositif d'egrenage de graines de chanvre et machine moissonneuse dotee d'un tel dispositif
RU2535253C2 (ru) * 2013-03-05 2014-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
ITTO20130328A1 (it) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-24 Agricoltura Cra Apparato per la raccolta differenziata di frazioni vegetali di una coltura e macchina agricola utilizzante un siffatto apparato
RU2623466C2 (ru) * 2015-07-27 2017-06-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
BE1023154B1 (nl) 2015-10-14 2016-12-02 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv Dubbel maaiergeheel
CN107529393A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-01-02 海因里希·威克 采收大麻植物及其相似种的方法与装置
US10807098B1 (en) 2017-07-26 2020-10-20 Pearson Incorporated Systems and methods for step grinding
US10751722B1 (en) 2018-10-24 2020-08-25 Pearson Incorporated System for processing cannabis crop materials
EP3677110A1 (fr) * 2019-01-02 2020-07-08 Tomasz Pinkowski Machine de récolte de chanvre
US11805735B2 (en) * 2019-02-11 2023-11-07 Formation Ag LLC Stalky crop harvesting system and process
US10785906B2 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-09-29 Pearson Incorporated Plant processing system
US10524423B1 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-01-07 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Plant processing system
IT201900008241A1 (it) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-06 Gruppo Agricooper Soc Cooperativa Agricola Macchina per la raccolta della canapa.
CN110050573A (zh) * 2019-06-10 2019-07-26 山东农业大学 一种链式饲草料作物秸秆收获割台
WO2021005466A1 (fr) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Cretes Nv Dispositif et procédé de récolte de chanvre textile
US10757860B1 (en) 2019-10-31 2020-09-01 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Stripper apparatus crop harvesting system
US10933424B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2021-03-02 Pearson Incorporated Grinding roll improvements
BE1028941B1 (nl) * 2020-12-24 2022-07-25 Hyler BV Hennepplukmachine voor het plukken van hennep

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IT1068382B (it) * 1976-05-03 1985-03-21 Gardella Spa Adriano Macchina mietitrice raccoglitrice a fascetti per piante a stelo lungo particolarmente adatta per l abbinamento a decorticatrici da campo
YU121585A (en) 1985-07-24 1988-08-31 Pero Medic Connective device for cutting and putting in transverse lines of industrial vegetables - especially hemp
CN2036343U (zh) 1988-07-26 1989-04-26 回钦尚 拔麻机
DE19627137A1 (de) 1996-07-05 1998-01-08 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ernte und Verarbeitung von Faserpflanzen
DE19647433A1 (de) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hanfdrusch mit Schleppergeräten
DE19841092A1 (de) 1998-09-09 2000-03-16 Heinen Rauchtabaktechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Faserpflanzenmaterial
PL336860A1 (en) 1999-11-30 2001-06-04 Inst Wlokien Naturalnych Hemp harvesting method and apparatus
PL199630B1 (pl) 2000-07-20 2008-10-31 Inst W & Lstrok Okien Naturaln Sposób mechanicznej obróbki włókien naturalnych
DE10042867A1 (de) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-21 Kranemann Hans Helmuth Verfahren und eine Maschine zum Mähen von Hanf oder dergleichen
HU226753B1 (hu) 2002-01-21 2009-09-28 Optigep Gepgyarto Es Kereskede Berendezés száras növények, fõleg kender betakarításához
ATE420549T1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2009-01-15 Gotlands Ind Hampa Ab Erntevorrichtung
FR2885009B1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2007-06-15 Quivogne Sas Soc Par Actions S Faucheuse a double coupe ou combinaison de deux faucheuses

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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