EP2091031A1 - Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2091031A1
EP2091031A1 EP08101645A EP08101645A EP2091031A1 EP 2091031 A1 EP2091031 A1 EP 2091031A1 EP 08101645 A EP08101645 A EP 08101645A EP 08101645 A EP08101645 A EP 08101645A EP 2091031 A1 EP2091031 A1 EP 2091031A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light receiver
amplifier
light
smoke
realized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08101645A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Aebersold
Wolf Dr. Liebert
Knut Späte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP08101645A priority Critical patent/EP2091031A1/fr
Publication of EP2091031A1 publication Critical patent/EP2091031A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of danger detection technology. More particularly, the present invention relates to a device for optically detecting smoke comprising a light receiver for receiving a measuring light emitted by a light emitter and an amplifier connected downstream of the light receiver for amplifying the measuring signals provided by the light receiver.
  • the present invention further relates to a hazard detection system comprising at least two of said optical smoke detecting devices, and to a method of detecting smoke by means of an above-mentioned optical smoke detecting device.
  • the shielding elements can be (a) the photodiode alone, (b) the photodiode together with some wiring, (c) a photo amplifier downstream of the photodiode, (d) the photodiode and a photo amplifier or (e) the entire fire or smoke detector protect against the influence of electromagnetic interference.
  • the shielding by means of metallic shielding represents a technically relatively complex and also a costly measure in the production of optical smoke detectors.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for detecting smoke, which can be made simple and inexpensive and also has a high false detection with a low false alarm rate.
  • an apparatus for detecting smoke comprises (a) a light receiver arranged to receive a measuring light emitted by a light emitter, and (b) an amplifier which is coupled to an output of the light receiver and is arranged to amplify a measuring signal output by the light receiver.
  • the light receiver and the amplifier are realized by means of a common component.
  • the described optical smoke detection device is based on the finding that, due to a spatially close arrangement of light receiver and amplifier, the conduction path between the light receiver and the amplifier, which is sensitive with regard to undesired interference, can be shortened to a minimum length. As a result, trapping or receiving electromagnetic interference can be prevented in a simple and effective manner, or the intensity of electromagnetic interference can be at least considerably reduced.
  • the sensitivity of a line section in particular to magnetic interference, can also be determined by the area that surrounds this line section.
  • the line section can be in particular the outgoing and the return line of a measuring line.
  • the short distance between the light receiver and the amplifier not only a short line path length but also a small enclosed area is ensured. Thus, a low electromagnetic compatibility is ensured in this regard.
  • Shortening the electromagnetic path sensitive conduction path can result in significantly improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the entire smoke detection device. This can reduce the likelihood of false alarms even without the Use of elaborate metallic shields can be effectively reduced. Of course, it is still possible to increase the electromagnetic compatibility in addition by suitable shielding.
  • the combination of light receiver and amplifier within a common component further has the advantage that the described optical smoke detection device can be constructed within a particularly compact design.
  • the number of components required for the described smoke detector is reduced in comparison to known smoke detectors.
  • the described optical smoke detection device may of course still have the above-described light emitter.
  • the light emitter which may be mounted together with the light receiver on a common printed circuit board, is to be regarded as optional. Namely, it is also possible that the light emitter is located outside the described optical smoke detection device and thus not associated with the smoke detection device.
  • light sources may also serve as light transmitters, for example, which also illuminate a region to be monitored for other purposes. In extreme cases, the light emitter may even be the sun.
  • the device additionally has an impedance converter, which is connected downstream of the light receiver and is realized together with the light receiver and the amplifier by means of a common component.
  • an impedance converter has the advantage that a typically very high-impedance output signal of the light receiver can be converted into a low-impedance signal, without one by a current drain caused voltage drop is to get.
  • the measurement signal provided by the light receiver can be amplified by the amplifier without the measurement voltage provided by the light receiver falling or collapsing together due to an input current of the amplifier, in particular with a small input resistance of the amplifier.
  • a measurement signal can be provided, which is largely directly proportional to the incident on the light receiver light intensity.
  • the combination of impedance converter and amplifier which ensure a high linearity of the processing of the signals provided by the light receiver, are often referred to as a photo-amplifier.
  • the light receiver and the photo-amplifier are realized by means of a common component.
  • the light receiver and the amplifier are realized by means of a common semiconductor device.
  • the common design of the light receiver and the amplifier or the light receiver and the photo-amplifier within a semiconductor device has the advantage that all described optoelectronic and electronic components can be produced by means of a common semiconductor manufacturing process.
  • the light receiver may be formed in a known manner as a photodiode.
  • a common semiconductor manufacturing of the optoelectronic and electronic components has the advantage that a plurality of corresponding semiconductor devices can be produced from a single wafer. To this In this way, the cost of manufacturing light receivers and downstream electronics can be significantly reduced as compared to a separate device circuit. This also reduces the production costs for the described optical smoke detection device, so that it can be offered as a so-called. Low-cost product for private applications.
  • the reduction in manufacturing costs may relate both to the cost of the common semiconductor device compared to the cost of separate components and to a lower cost of assembly and electrical contacts.
  • the cost of assembly and electrical contacts is naturally lower in the common semiconductor device than in separate components, since only one component has to be handled and between the individual optoelectronic and electronic components no more wiring must be formed.
  • no shielding or shielding are required in comparison to known smoke detectors, so that not only the material costs but also the manufacturing costs can be reduced due to a much simpler installation.
  • the light receiver and the amplifier are realized within a common housing.
  • the arrangement of the light receiver and the amplifier or the photoreceiver and the photo-amplifier within a single housing has the advantage that even conventional optoelectronic and electronic components can be combined to form a single component, without thereby sensitive to undesirable interference conduction path between the light receiver and the amplifier is extended. Furthermore, the described optical smoke detection device can also be realized with a light receiver which is not an optoelectronic semiconductor device.
  • a hazard detection system for detecting smoke.
  • the danger reporting system has (a) a center and (b) at least two devices according to one of claims 1 to 4, which are coupled to the center via a communication link.
  • the described danger detection system is based on the finding that the peripheral units of the danger detection system for the detection of smoke can be equipped with a common component, in which both at least the light receiver and the amplifier are formed. As explained above, the electromagnetic compatibility of the described optical smoke detection device can thereby be significantly improved. Metallic shielding elements are not absolutely necessary for this.
  • the peripheral units may be coupled to the control center by means of a wired or wireless communication link.
  • a method of detecting smoke comprises (a) receiving a measuring light emitted by a light emitter by means of a light receiver, and (c) amplifying a measuring signal output by the light receiver by means of an amplifier.
  • the light receiver and the amplifier are realized by means of a common component.
  • the described method is also based on the finding that the conduction path between the light receiver and the amplifier, which is particularly sensitive to electromagnetic interference, can be shortened to a minimum length by means of a spatially close arrangement of the light receiver and amplifier. This can be an effective way Interception or reception of electromagnetic interference is prevented or the intensity of electromagnetic interference at least considerably reduced.
  • an optical smoke detector 100 has a light emitter 140 and a light receiver 122.
  • the light emitter 140 and the light receiver 122 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that only light of the light emitter 140 scattered, for example, against smoke particles reaches the light receiver 122.
  • the light transmitter is a light-emitting diode 140 and the light receiver is a photodiode 122.
  • the term light electromagnetic Radiation with arbitrary wavelengths is understood.
  • the light may comprise electromagnetic radiation in the visible, near or far ultraviolet, or in the near or far infrared spectral region.
  • infrared measurement light for smoke detection has the advantage that particularly high light intensities can be achieved with known semiconductor light-emitting diodes.
  • infrared measuring light has the advantage that it can not be perceived by the human eye, so that the pulsed or continuous measuring light necessary for smoke detection does not disturb persons who are in a smoke-monitored room.
  • the described smoke detector can be operated even in darkened rooms such as a darkened lecture room or a movie theater.
  • the light-emitting diode 140 and the photodiode 122 are mounted on a printed circuit board 110, for example in SMD technology.
  • the light-emitting diode 140 is associated with an electronic driver circuit 145 which, depending on a selected operating mode, applies a constant current or current pulses to the light-emitting diode 140.
  • the driver circuit 145 is supplied by a not shown microcontroller of the optical smoke detector 100 with corresponding control signals.
  • the photodiode 122 is followed by a photo-amplifier 125, which amplifies a first typically very small measurement signal so that the amplified measurement signal can be supplied via a signal line 125a an analog-to-digital converter 130 and used by this.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 130 is likewise connected to the microcontroller, which is not shown, which evaluates the digitized measurement signal in a suitable manner and optionally initiates an alarm message.
  • the photo-amplifier 125 has an impedance converter 127 and an amplifier 129, which together provide in a known manner both for an impedance matching of the output of the photodiode 122 and for an amplification of the impedance-matched measuring signal.
  • the impedance converter 127 and the amplifier 129 may also be realized by means of a common circuit.
  • the photodiode 122, the impedance converter 127 and the amplifier 129 are realized by means of a common semiconductor device 120.
  • the length of the conduction path between the photodiode 122 and the impedance converter 127 and the length of the conduction path between the photodiode 122 and the photo-amplifier 125 can be reduced to a minimum. In this way, the sensitivity of the line path to the unwanted reception of electromagnetic interference is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit diagram of a portion of the smoke detector 100.
  • the photodiode 222 is the photo amplifier 225 connected downstream.
  • the signal line between the photodiode 222 and the photo-amplifier 225 is designated by the reference numeral 222a.
  • the photo amplifier 225, the analog-to-digital converter 230 is connected downstream.
  • the signal line between the photo-amplifier 225 and the analog-to-digital converter 230 is indicated by reference numeral 225a.
  • the signal line 222a is particularly sensitive to possible interference received by electromagnetic radiation in the measurement signal. Due to the common formation of the two components photodiode 222 and photo amplifier 225 within a common semiconductor device is also the signal line 222a is formed in the integrated semiconductor common device. Thus, the length of the signal line 222a can be reduced to a minimum. As a result, the compatibility of the smoke detector 100 against electromagnetic interference is particularly high.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP08101645A 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière Withdrawn EP2091031A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101645A EP2091031A1 (fr) 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101645A EP2091031A1 (fr) 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2091031A1 true EP2091031A1 (fr) 2009-08-19

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EP08101645A Withdrawn EP2091031A1 (fr) 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Détecteur de fumée optique doté d'un amplificateur intégré dans un récepteur de lumière

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EP (1) EP2091031A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2342701B1 (fr) * 2008-10-29 2012-12-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif récepteur de lumière muni d'un dispositif de blindage qui s'étend sur le côté arrière d'un substrat

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0346152A2 (fr) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-13 James Cairney Détecteur de fumée et circuit détecteur
DE3934873A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-26 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Als integrierte schaltung ausgebildeter sensor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0346152A2 (fr) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-13 James Cairney Détecteur de fumée et circuit détecteur
DE3934873A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-26 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Als integrierte schaltung ausgebildeter sensor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2342701B1 (fr) * 2008-10-29 2012-12-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif récepteur de lumière muni d'un dispositif de blindage qui s'étend sur le côté arrière d'un substrat

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