EP2094816A2 - Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d'utilisation de centrales électriques - Google Patents

Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d'utilisation de centrales électriques

Info

Publication number
EP2094816A2
EP2094816A2 EP07821934A EP07821934A EP2094816A2 EP 2094816 A2 EP2094816 A2 EP 2094816A2 EP 07821934 A EP07821934 A EP 07821934A EP 07821934 A EP07821934 A EP 07821934A EP 2094816 A2 EP2094816 A2 EP 2094816A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silicon
reaction
sand
solid compounds
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07821934A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Florian Krass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SINCONO AG
Original Assignee
SINCONO AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP06022578A external-priority patent/EP1857168A3/fr
Application filed by SINCONO AG filed Critical SINCONO AG
Publication of EP2094816A2 publication Critical patent/EP2094816A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20—Silicates
    • C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
    • C01B21/068—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with silicon
    • C01B21/0682—Preparation by direct nitridation of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • Sand, shale and other silica solid compounds as starting materials for providing silicon solid compounds and related methods of operating power plants
  • Sand is a naturally occurring, unconsolidated sedimentary rock and occurs in greater or lesser concentrations everywhere on the earth's surface. Much of the sand is quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO 2 ).
  • the object of the present invention is to identify such possible raw materials and to describe their technical representation.
  • the chemical considerations used in the process are characterized in that the SiO 2 present in the sands and slates and other mixtures participates in a reaction (in a power plant process), wherein the SiO 2 is chemically modified in reaction into one or more silicon compounds.
  • the crystalline silicon (e.g., as a powder at a suitable temperature) after ignition can be reacted directly with pure (cold) nitrogen (e.g., nitrogen from the ambient air) or with nitrogen radicals to form silicon nitride.
  • This reaction is highly exothermic.
  • the heat accumulating therefrom may be as e.g. in section 2) are used.
  • a nitrogen recovery process known from steel refining with propane gas (propane nitration) may be used.
  • a first example relates to the application of the invention in a power plant operation to "burn" sand there with nitrogen to use heat for power generation in this new form of energy production.
  • This new type of power plant approach reduces or eliminates the CO 2 produced to date Output.
  • a starting material used in a first embodiment for example, sand (which may be offset, for example, with mineral oil as the primary energy supplier), or slate.
  • a reaction chamber for example in the form of an afterburner or a combustion chamber.
  • a reducing agent is injected or introduced and the chamber together with the silicon dioxide compound is brought to high temperatures (preferably it is about temperatures higher than 1000 0 C, preferably about 1350 0 C).
  • oxygen is split off from the silicon dioxide and there is highly reactive silicon.
  • a gaseous reactant for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide
  • a silicon compound can be produced from the silicon.
  • the conversion to a silicon compound is typically exothermic to highly exothermic, meaning that heat is released. This heat can, as in other known power plant processes, be used for energy production or conversion into electrical or mechanical energy.
  • CO 2 is blown into this chamber as a gaseous reactant.
  • This CO 2 can be, for example, the CO 2 - exhaust gas, which is obtained in the energy production from fossil fuels in large quantities and so far escapes into the atmosphere in many cases.
  • the chamber (ambient) air is supplied. Instead of the ambient air, or in addition to the ambient air, steam or hypercritical H 2 O at over 407 ° C can be supplied to the process.
  • the silicon in the combustion chamber reacts with the CO 2 to silicon carbide (SiC). This reaction is slightly exothermic.
  • the used mineral oil of the sands can take over the role of the primary energy supplier and is then decomposed in the inventive process itself pyrolytic at temperatures above 1000 degrees Celsius largely in hydrogen (H 2 ) and a graphite-like mass.
  • H 2 hydrogen
  • the hydrogen is removed during the course of the reactions of the hydrocarbon chain of the mineral oil.
  • hydrogen can be diverted to natural gas piping systems or stored in hydrogen tanks.
  • the invention in connection with a pyrolysis of the company Pyromex AG, Switzerland, applied.
  • the present invention can also be used as a supplement or alternative to the so-called oxyfuel process.
  • an energy cascade heat recovery can be carried out according to the following approach.
  • heat is generated with the addition of aluminum, preferably of liquid aluminum, and with the addition of nitrogen (N 2 ) (analogous to the known Wacker accident).
  • nitrogen is preferably the pure nitrogen atmosphere from the ambient air achieved by (known from the propane nitration) combustion of the oxygen content of the air with propane gas.
  • Bauxite contains about 60 percent alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), about 30 percent iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and Water. That is, the bauxite is typically always contaminated with the iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) and the silicon oxide (SiO 2 ). Bauxite can therefore be used as fuel or fuel in a power plant according to the invention, or bauxite can be added in a further step to sand or shale.
  • Al 2 O 3 can not be chemically reduced due to the extremely high lattice energy.
  • the production of aluminum is possible, but by the fused salt electrolysis (cryolite-alumina method) of aluminum oxide Al 2 O 3.
  • the Al 2 O 3 is obtained, for example, by the Bayer process.
  • the alumina is melted with cryolite (salt: Na 3 [AIF 6 ]) and electrolyzed.
  • the alumina is dissolved in a melt of cryolite. In the procedure lies thus the working temperature is only with 940 to 980 0 C.
  • cryolite-clay process It is considered to be a major drawback of the cryolite-clay process that it is very energy-consuming because of the high binding energy of the aluminum.
  • a problem for the environment is the partial formation and emission of fluorine.
  • the bauxite can be added to the process in order to achieve cooling of the process. With the bauxite you can get the excess heat energy in the system under control. This is analogous to the process where iron scrap is fed to a molten iron in a blast furnace for cooling, when the molten iron is too hot.
  • cryolite can be used if the procedure threatens to get out of control (see Wacker accident), so as to reduce the temperature in the system in the sense of emergency cooling.
  • silicon carbide SiC
  • silicon nitride Si ⁇ 3N 4
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • SiN 4 silicon nitride
  • Quartz sand can be exothermically converted into silicon and aluminum oxide with liquid aluminum according to the textbook Holleman- Wiberg:
  • Silicon reacts with carbon slightly exothermic to silicon carbide.
  • silicon carbide can be obtained endothermically directly from sand and carbon at around 2000 ° C.
  • a thermite reaction (redox reaction) is used in which aluminum is used as a reducing agent to reduce iron (III) oxide to iron.
  • the reaction products are alumina and elemental iron.
  • the reaction is very exothermic and there is a great deal of heat.
  • the firing process is a highly exothermic reaction and it produces up to 2500 0 C.
  • the aluminum and the iron (III) oxide is therefore liquid due to the temperatures reached.
  • thermite reaction By means of such a thermite reaction, the reduction of the silicon dioxide to silicon can be initiated or maintained (aluminothermic reduction of silicon dioxide).
  • the silica also becomes liquid. Since burning thermite does not require external oxygen, the reaction can not be stifled and continue to burn in any environment. That Nitrogen can be added at the same time without stopping the reaction and thus producing silicon nitride.
  • thermite reaction may be initiated by, for example, introducing aluminum and the ferric oxide.
  • the ceramic materials silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 and silicon carbide SiC can be obtained from an oil sand containing around 30% by weight of crude oil via a multi-stage process.
  • an oil sand containing around 30% by weight of crude oil via a multi-stage process.
  • C 10 H 22 which actually stands for decane, used.
  • Sand a substance which is exactly described with the Formed SiO 2 stands with the contained oil in a weight ratio of 70% to 30%.
  • the oil sand is thus described by the formula SiO 2 + C 10 H 22 in a rough approximation, wherein SiO 2 has a molecular weight of 60 g / mol and decane has a molecular weight of 142 g / mol. If one takes up 100 g of oil sand, then there are 70 g of SiO 2 and 30 g of "decane" or petroleum. If the amounts of SiO 2 and "decane" contained in it are calculated, SiO 2 is obtained :
  • silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 from oil sand is as follows: First, the oil sand is heated together with Dichlonnethao CH 1 Oj in a klahstofflreicn atmosphere at 1000 0 C. In this case, silicon changes the bond and forms silizimimetrachiodd according to equation (I);
  • the obtained SiuziumchSorid is hydrogenated at room temperature with Lithiumaiuminiumhyc ⁇ rid hydrogenated J. 1 J. according to equation (II),
  • SiCl 4 Since the amount of silicon tetrachloride SiCl 4 is the same due to the same stoichiometric factor, 1 kg of oil sand results in an amount of SiCl 4 of:
  • equation (III) is still the initial amount of silica of 11.67 mol instructive, and the amount of substance of S 3 N 4 compared to that of SiH 4 is one third, applies here:
  • the amount of substance of N 2 is 4/3 compared to that of SiH 4 : from this is calculated for nitrogen a mass of:
  • V 348.4 liters NH 3 .
  • V 261.3 liters CH 4 ,
  • thermodynamic quantities If a ton scale is used, the g lbs can be calculated by kg. kg by ton and liters by m J ! without ⁇ fa ⁇ s the irish value changes ir ⁇ cndwus.
  • equation (I) the following thermodynamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (I) is thus an endothermic reaction at room temperature, since
  • thermodinamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (II) is thus an exothermic reaction since
  • Equation (III) is thus an exothermic reaction
  • reaction is both endothermal at room temperature as well as endergonic oi
  • the reaction can therefore take place at 1300 Kelvin.
  • thermodynamic quantities For equation (VI), the following thermodynamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (IV) is thus an endothermic reaction at room temperature, since
  • silicon carbide Sic In order to obtain silicon carbide Sic, it starts again from silicon tetrachloride SiCl 4 , which is obtained from equation (I) and converts it with methane at 1300 K:
  • thermodynamic quantities apply to equation (I) or (II): reduced:
  • Equation (i) is thus a clearly exothermic reaction at room temperature, since
  • thermodynamic quantities For equation (III), the following thermodynamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (II) is thus an exothermic reaction at 25 ° 3) combustion of silicon with nitrogen:
  • thermodynamic quantities For equation (IV), the following thermodynamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (III) is thus a 25 ° C exothermic reaction there
  • thermodynamic quantities For equation (V), the following thermodynamic quantities apply:
  • Equation (IVj is thus a very strongly endothermic reaction at room temperature, since 5 ⁇ Energy balances for the cycle for m * s at 25 ° C (298 K):
  • HM thus remains an exothermic heat exchanger at room temperature in the course of room temperature
  • silicon carbide and silicon nitride may also be combined as follows.
  • This elemental silicon which is produced in a reduction process (eg by adding aluminum to silicon dioxide) used.
  • a portion of the silicon may be used to bind carbon dioxide resulting, for example, from heating the silica solids.
  • This bonding process produces silicon carbide and CO 2 silicon carbide in a slightly exothermic process.
  • the rest of the silicon can be reacted with nitrogen gas as a reactant to silicon nitride. This process is highly exothermic.
  • Part of the heat energy generated in these exothermic processes can be used to prepare the reductant.
  • the energy can be used to make aluminum (with heat and / or power) from alumina.
  • the processes are preferably spatially separated.
  • inventive processes are characterized by the fact that they are in can advantageously be used to combine the different substances that are formed so that ALON (a lighter and more transparent material) can be produced.
  • the powdery materials are mixed and heated to produce ALON.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation de composés de silicium à partir d'un composé de dioxyde de silicium, de préférence de sable, lequel procédé comprend les étapes qui consistent à : a) apporter le composé de dioxyde de silicium dans une zone de combustion, b) chauffer la zone de combustion, y compris le composé de dioxyde de silicium, c) convertir en silicium (Si<SUB>2</SUB>) le dioxyde de silicium du composé de dioxyde de silicium, un agent réducteur étant apporté pour dissocier l'oxygène du dioxyde de silicium et d) injecter un partenaire gazeux de réaction pour préparer le composé de silicium à partir du silicium (Si<SUB>2</SUB>).
EP07821934A 2006-10-29 2007-10-26 Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d'utilisation de centrales électriques Withdrawn EP2094816A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06022578A EP1857168A3 (fr) 2006-05-10 2006-10-29 Sables pétrolifères et schistes, leurs mélanges comme matières premières pour fixer ou dissocier le dioxyde de carbone et les oxydes d'azote (NOx), ainsi que l'obtention de silicium cristallin et d'hydrogène et la préparation de nitrure de silicium, de carbure de silicium et de silanes
PCT/EP2007/061574 WO2008052951A2 (fr) 2006-10-29 2007-10-26 Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d'utilisation de centrales électriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2094816A2 true EP2094816A2 (fr) 2009-09-02

Family

ID=39344634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07821934A Withdrawn EP2094816A2 (fr) 2006-10-29 2007-10-26 Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d'utilisation de centrales électriques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2094816A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008052951A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010124727A1 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Sincono Ag Dispositif destiné à améliorer l'efficacité d'un système de combustion et à traiter les gaz d'échappement du système de combustion

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1236234A (en) 1917-03-30 1917-08-07 Oscar R Troje Toy building-block.
US1535035A (en) 1923-04-30 1925-04-21 Philipp Richard Magnetic building toy
US2970388A (en) 1956-05-07 1961-02-07 Edward H Yonkers Education device
GB1273145A (en) * 1968-04-26 1972-05-03 Plessey Co Ltd An improved process for nitriding silicon
JPS5347245B2 (fr) * 1975-01-30 1978-12-20
ITMI20010608A1 (it) 2001-03-22 2002-09-22 Claudio Vicentelli Elemento di giunzione di moduli ad ancoraggio magnetico per la realizzazione di strutture reticolari stabili
EP0051576A3 (en) 1980-11-05 1982-09-22 Joseph Varga Combination game composed of magnetic cubes
JPS58115016A (ja) * 1981-12-26 1983-07-08 Onoda Cement Co Ltd 微粉末炭化珪素の製造方法
US4724131A (en) * 1984-06-07 1988-02-09 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method for producing α-form silicon nitride
DE3612162A1 (de) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-15 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von siliciumnitrid
FR2678602A1 (fr) * 1991-07-02 1993-01-08 Atochem Procede de preparation de nitrure de silicium par carbonitruration de silice et nitrure de silicium sous forme de particules exemptes de whiskers.
US5409236A (en) 1993-12-23 1995-04-25 Therrien; Joel M. Magnetic game or puzzle and method for making same
US5921763A (en) * 1996-05-02 1999-07-13 Thermatrix, Inc. Methods for destroying colliery methane and system for practicing same
KR20020056133A (ko) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-10 구자홍 고효율 발전 시스템
KR100430854B1 (ko) 2002-01-29 2004-05-10 주식회사 토야 조립식 블록완구 세트
US6622727B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2003-09-23 Eric S Perry Perry wedge pillow
JP3804947B2 (ja) * 2002-09-27 2006-08-02 電気化学工業株式会社 高α型窒化ケイ素微粉末の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008052951A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008052951A2 (fr) 2008-05-08
WO2008052951A3 (fr) 2010-10-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3525918B1 (fr) Procédé de séparation et d&#39;immobilisation de dioxyde de carbone et/ou de monoxyde de carbone d&#39;un gaz d&#39;échappement
US20100202953A1 (en) Sand, shale and other silicon dioxide solid compounds as starting substances for providing silicon solid compounds, and corresponding processes for operating power stations
JP7366095B2 (ja) 非鉄金属製造の際に生じる改質スラグ
US3909446A (en) Method of manufacturing high quality reducing gas by two stage reforming processes
DE3115748A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von im wesentlichen kohlenoxidgas und wasserstoffgas enthaltendem gas aus kohle- und/oder kohlenwasserstoffhaltigem ausgangsmaterial
DD159764A5 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines siliciumdioxid und kohlenstoff enthaltenden vorproduktes fuer die silicium-und/oder siliciumcarbiderze ugung
UA77668C2 (en) Method for production of hydrogen-containing gas (variants) flow and method for the production of ammonia
AT149652B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Karbiden, Karbonitriden, Nitriden, Boriden, Siliziden und Titaniden, besonders für Hartlegierungen.
CN101970346A (zh) 一种新型级联电厂工艺和在该电厂工艺中提供可逆使用的氢载体的方法
US4533386A (en) Process for producing aluminum
EP2367752A1 (fr) Silicium ou métaux élémentaires comme sources d&#39;énergie
US2863726A (en) Process for the joint manufacture of portland cement and sulfur
EP3465041B1 (fr) Système d&#39;installations interconnectées de fabrication de matériaux de construction minéraux et procédé de fonctionnement du système d&#39;installations interconnectées
WO2008052951A2 (fr) Sable, schiste et autres composés solides de dioxyde de silicium utilisés comme substances de départ pour préparer des composés solides de silicium, et procédé correspondant d&#39;utilisation de centrales électriques
US20070264183A1 (en) Oil-bearing sands and shales and their mixtures as starting substances for binding or decomposing carbon dioxide and nox, and for preparing crystalline silicon and hydrogen gas, and for producing nitride, silicon carbide, and silanes
DE102011117599B3 (de) Verfahren zur Einbindung und Nutzung von umweltschädigendem Kohlendioxid
DE102006023259A1 (de) Verwendung von Rest- und/oder Abfallstoffen in Elektroniederschachtöfen
EP1918248A2 (fr) Préparation d&#39;H2O2 à partir d&#39;acide sulfurique, obtenu par combustion de matières combustibles fossiles contenant de résidus de soufre, et utilisation de H2O2 en tant que source d&#39;énergie
KR20100113902A (ko) 알루미늄 드로스와 탄소를 이용한 암모니아수 및 아세치렌가스의 제조방법.
DE102017205996B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zementklinkern und Verwendung von CaSi als Zementklinkervorstufe
EP3465040A1 (fr) Système d&#39;installations interconnectées de fabrication de matériaux de construction minéraux et procédé de fonctionnement du système d&#39;installations interconnectées
DE102013203058A1 (de) Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Seltenerdmetallen
WO2007141017A2 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de silicium cristallin et d&#39;hydrogène gazeux
DE3586728T2 (de) Methode zum vergasen von kohle und/oder koks.
EP1472184A1 (fr) Procede de production de silicium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20090505

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
R17D Deferred search report published (corrected)

Effective date: 20101021

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C01B 33/36 20060101AFI20101102BHEP

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20110308

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20110920