EP2121476A2 - Récipient utilisé pour envoyer des objets et procédé pour produire ledit récipient - Google Patents

Récipient utilisé pour envoyer des objets et procédé pour produire ledit récipient

Info

Publication number
EP2121476A2
EP2121476A2 EP07856338A EP07856338A EP2121476A2 EP 2121476 A2 EP2121476 A2 EP 2121476A2 EP 07856338 A EP07856338 A EP 07856338A EP 07856338 A EP07856338 A EP 07856338A EP 2121476 A2 EP2121476 A2 EP 2121476A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
sensor
transponder
container according
objects
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07856338A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Keith Ulrich
Stefan Wilms
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Post AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Post AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Post AG filed Critical Deutsche Post AG
Publication of EP2121476A2 publication Critical patent/EP2121476A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D79/00—Kinds or details of packages, not otherwise provided for
    • B65D79/02—Arrangements or devices for indicating incorrect storage or transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • B65D81/3825—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container with one or more containers located inside the external container
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2203/00—Decoration means, markings, information elements, contents indicators
    • B65D2203/10—Transponders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
    • H04Q2209/47—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture using RFID associated with sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53087—Means to assemble or disassemble with signal, scale, illuminator, or optical viewer

Definitions

  • Container for shipping objects and method for producing the containers
  • the invention relates to a container for transporting objects.
  • the invention further relates to a method of manufacturing the containers and shipping the containers in a logistics system.
  • the objects can be objects of different properties, in particular different size and sensitivity. In particular, they are objects that can be placed in a container.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a container which allows improved monitoring of one or more objects contained in it.
  • the invention further provides a method according to claim 32 and the use of the container in a logistics system according to claim 56.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the sensor is located in the interior.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the transponder is arranged on the outside than the sensor.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the transponder and the sensor are designed as spatially separated components.
  • a development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are connected to each other by at least one cable.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the transponder and the sensor are interconnected by an electromagnetic coupling means.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that it has a construction comprising several layers.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that there is at least one layer between the sensor and the transponder.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that at least one of the layers absorbs and / or reflects electromagnetic radiation.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that it has an inner box and an outer box.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors are located in the interior of the inner box.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one sensor is located between the inner box and the outer box.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors are located in the region of the outer box.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one transponder is located between the inner box and the outer box.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the outer box in a deployed and / or erected state is substantially cuboidal.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least two opposite side walls of the outer box have weakening lines extending in the direction of the main axis of the containers.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the outer box is foldable on at least two opposite edges and two opposite lines of weakness.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the inner box is attached to at least one tab on the outer box.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the connection between the inner box and the outer box is a bond.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the inner box for closing at least one end has at least one flap which is connected via a fold line with the side walls.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the inner box has four flaps for closing at both ends.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the outer box for closing at least one end has at least one flap which is connected via a fold line with the side walls.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that there is a marked area for applying an address on the container.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that there are means for closing the containers in the container.
  • a further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the means for closing the containers are adhesive tapes.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that cavities between the inner box and the outer box are filled with impact-absorbing materials.
  • a further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the impact-absorbing materials are paper, cardboard, foam and / or polystyrene body.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that measurement data of the object are detected by a sensor, that the detected measured values are transmitted to a transponder and that the transponder in dependence The measurement data transmitted status information to a reading unit.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the status information is stored.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the status information is stored in a storage medium mounted in the container.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one sensor transponder unit is introduced into a container or into a blank provided for the production of the container.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the blanks in the finished container form layers of the container.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor of the sensor transponder unit and the transponder of the sensor transponder unit are inserted between different blanks become.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the container is equipped so that it contains an interior for receiving the object and that subsequently at least one sensor is introduced into the interior.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the connecting element includes at least one wire.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the connecting element includes at least one light guide.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor is closer to the object than the transponder.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the sensor and the transponder are separated by an intermediate layer.
  • a development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the intermediate layer acts thermally insulating.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the intermediate layer has a shock-absorbing effect.
  • a development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the intermediate layer absorbs electromagnetic radiation.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the intermediate layer reflects electromagnetic radiation.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the container is transported from a place of dispatch to a receiving location.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the logistics system has reading means which cooperate with at least one arranged in the container transponder that detected by a sensor measurement data of the object transmitted to the reading units.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one logistical process takes place in a logistics system as a function of the evaluation.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the logistical process includes a discharge of the container from a transport process.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the logistical process includes a choice of another mode of transport.
  • a development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that a position of the transponder is determined.
  • a further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the position of the container is stored.
  • a refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the position is stored in the data processing unit.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that determines the position of the container and that the position of the container is assigned to the state information obtained from the sensor.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that energy is supplied to the transponder.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the energy is supplied by the reading unit.
  • a further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that a signal line between the sensor and the transponder is effected by a connecting element.
  • outer and inner boxes are unfolded and erect, they assume a substantially cuboidal shape.
  • the width of the inner box is therefore expediently lower than that of the outer box so that the inner box fits into the outer box, but the outer box may possibly touch it, so that it can be fastened to it.
  • the inner box is attached in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention from the inside to opposite side walls of the outer box.
  • the container according to the invention thus has the advantage that it can be easily folded, transported, stored and offered for sale, since it does not occupy much space in the folded state and is easy to stack.
  • the entire container can be easily folded without loosening or changing any connections. It can also be hung by appropriate means and be presented as space-saving for sale.
  • the inner box unfolds automatically due to the attachment to the side walls of the outer box.
  • the outer box is unfolded and displayed in this way align that it is now folded at four equidistant edges, and the two lines of weakness are smoothed.
  • a cylindrical object such as medical products can now be inserted into the simultaneously unfolded inner box.
  • the inner box and the outer box can be filled with any kind of shock absorbing material such as wood wool, cardboard, foam or polystyrene.
  • shock absorbing material such as wood wool, cardboard, foam or polystyrene.
  • Flaps are closed at each end, resulting in a secure packaging for the introduced object.
  • the cartons are made in different dimensions and offered, so that the user can choose the appropriate packaging for different sizes of objects.
  • a medical product If, for example, a medical product is packaged as described above, it can be safely transported in the container or even sent by post.
  • the object is sufficiently protected against damage by the construction of the box with inner box and possibly additionally introduced shock absorbing materials.
  • the shape and dimension of the containers meet the requirements for the postal delivery of parcels.
  • the dimensions of the containers depend on the size of the items to be packaged.
  • preferably sensitive goods, for example medicines are packaged.
  • the inner box is shaped so that one or more objects can be introduced in each case. So that the object can not possibly move within the inner box, the length and width of the inner box are expediently chosen so that there is as little play between the object and the inner box as possible. The length and width of the outer box can then be adjusted to the required dimensions of the inner box.
  • the inner box can now be completely closed after inserting the objects.
  • the cavities between the inner box and the side walls of the outer box can additionally be filled with shock-absorbing material.
  • shock-absorbing material may be any materials in various forms, for example polystyrene bodies. However, materials such as wood wool, foams or cardboard can also be used.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to connect an existing at least one transponder and at least one sensor element with the packaging.
  • a firm connection with the packaging should also improve the overall process and give the possibility of certification.
  • the RFID component which enables non-contact reading (important in refrigerated transport: readout of the temperature information without having to open the packaging!), Should be tightly but protected behind the door. sitting outside wall.
  • the temperature sensor should be attached as close as possible to the product, ie somewhere in the middle of the packaging space. Sensors and RFID are preferably connected via a serial connection, in this case two wires.
  • a further development of the invention provides for distributing and connecting a plurality of identical temperature sensors in the packaging so as to better absorb the temperature behavior in the packaging. You can also install other or additional sensors that may measure humidity or vibration.
  • the electronics should be incorporated into the packaging unit as invisibly as possible.
  • the electronic components within the packaging may be finely meshed.
  • Meshing preferably takes place in a production process of the packaging.
  • the box it is expedient to design the box in such a way that it has an externally visible signal element, for example an LED, which shines through the cardboard at a certain point, and by a switch (also externally, for example by pressing at a specific point on the outer packaging skin ) is triggered.
  • an externally visible signal element for example an LED
  • a switch also externally, for example by pressing at a specific point on the outer packaging skin
  • the invention provides for a method to be carried out or a logistics system to be equipped such that measured data of the object are detected by a sensor, that the acquired measured values are transmitted to a transponder and that the transponder transmits status information to a reading unit as a function of the measured data ,
  • the invention further relates to a container for receiving objects, a transport means for transporting the containers, a network node for use in the logistics system and a computer program product.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the reading unit or a data processing unit connected to it evaluates the status information.
  • Computer program product is characterized in that the state information is stored.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the status information is stored in a storage medium mounted in the container.
  • a development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the status information in the reading unit and / or with the Reading unit connected data processing unit are stored.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to store the status information only in the reading unit and / or in the data processing unit connected to the reading unit. This has the advantage of saving storage space in the containers, making them easier to manufacture.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the data processing unit carries out an evaluation of the status information.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that at least one handling operation of the container takes place as a function of the evaluation.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the logistical handling process involves a discharge of the container from a transport process.
  • a development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the
  • Handling process includes a discharge of the container from a transport process.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the handling process includes a choice of another transport route.
  • An example of an avoidable load on the objects is an undesirably high temperature and / or radiation load.
  • a development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that a position of the transponder is determined.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the position of the container is stored.
  • a refinement of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the position is stored in the data processing unit.
  • a further development of the process, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program Product provides that the position of the container determines and that the position of the container is assigned to the state information obtained from the sensor.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that energy is supplied to the transponder.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the energy is supplied by the reading unit.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the energy is passed on from the transponder to the sensor.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that a signal line between the sensor and the transponder is effected by a connecting element.
  • a development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the connecting element includes at least one wire.
  • a further development of the process, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program Product provides that the connecting element includes at least one light guide.
  • Computer program product is characterized in that the sensor is closer to the object than the transponder.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the sensor and the transponder are separated by an intermediate layer.
  • Computer program product is characterized in that the intermediate layer acts thermally insulating.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the intermediate layer has a shock-absorbing effect.
  • Computer program product is characterized in that the intermediate layer absorbs electromagnetic radiation.
  • the intermediate layer reflects electromagnetic radiation.
  • transponders that serve as transmitting and / or receiving devices.
  • receivers that are suitable after receiving a foreign signal to emit its own signal.
  • transponder is an abbreviation of transmitter (sender) and responder [(signal) responder].
  • transponders which are provided with at least one identification.
  • transponders are also referred to below as RFID tags.
  • a transponder with identification information is preferably executed as an RFID tag.
  • An RFID tag consists of a microchip and an antenna. On the chip, a code is stored that contains processing-relevant information. In particular, the information about identification identification information.
  • Transponders are equipped to send and / or receive signals to a triggering (radio) signal of a reader. Active transponders contain a power supply for their operation. Passive transponders, however, receive energy through the signals emitted by the reader.
  • the invention includes a novel logistics system that automates and considerably simplifies the transport of objects to intended receivers.
  • a logistics system which is characterized by a particularly high level of security and reliability.
  • logistics system refers to any system that is suitable for storing, sorting and / or transporting objects.
  • the technical implementation of the invention preferably includes a database in which information about the goods to be delivered and about at least one intended for an object delivery issuing office are included.
  • the method according to the invention for monitoring a container for receiving objects provides that a sensor in the interior serves for determining changes in the state of the physical nature of the container contents. Subsequently, the measurement data is transmitted to the transponder.
  • the transponder transmits status information to a reading unit as a function of the measured data.
  • the measurement data themselves are transmitted as state information to the reading unit.
  • critical variables determined from the measured data for example temperature exceedances, are transmitted.
  • a transmission of selected, compressed and / or reduced values has the advantage that storage and transmission capacities are used more effectively.
  • antennas tuned to the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation of the transponders are used.
  • the information collected in this way is then processed further.
  • Various types of transmission can be used for transmission to the reading unit.
  • the reading unit is arranged in a transport means for the container, in a warehouse or a processing center for the container.
  • a data processing unit which is preferably connectable to the reading unit, receives this status information from the reading unit.
  • a further development of the invention is characterized in that the location of the container is determined by a locating means in connection with the container and the position of the container is assigned to the status information obtained from the sensor.
  • the position of the container can be determined by a locating means directly on the container or on a means of transport, with which the container is transported. If the locating means is located at an associated means of transport, it is preferably in connection with the data processing unit of the container.
  • the position of the container can be determined, for example, by a locating means in the form of a GSM module, a GPS module and / or a direction-finding transmitter.
  • the different location means can be used depending on a required accuracy of the position determination, where they can be used either vertically or in parallel.
  • a further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the status information obtained from the sensors is compared with nominal values, whereby a deviation from a nominal value is regarded as an alarm.
  • the comparison of the state information is preferably carried out by comparing the measured electrical properties of the conductive layers with a desired value of the electrical properties. It can be provided that a deviation of the physical condition of the container material detected by the sensor from a desired value is not considered as an alarm, if the deviation is assigned a position of the container which is stored as a position for the permitted opening of a container in the data processing unit is.
  • the status information obtained from the sensor is transmitted to a communication module on the container, and the communication module transmits the status information to a message receiving device.
  • a further development of the invention provides to use at least one transponder as a communication module.
  • One embodiment of the invention provides sensor transponder units in which a sensor is connected to a transponder, in particular an RFID tag.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides two cables for the serial connection between the RFID tag and the sensor.
  • the link between sensors and RFID tags is also referred to as "meshing" to indicate the mesh-like structure of the link.
  • the transmission of the status information from the communication module to the message receiving device can be made on the
  • Transport path or take place after the arrival of the container at the destination.
  • the transmission of the status information on the transport path only takes place if a comparison within the data processing unit shows that a deviation of the status information acquired by the sensors from setpoint values is regarded as an alarm.
  • the determination of the position of the container and the assignment of the position to the state information obtained by the sensor preferably takes place in the data processing unit of the container, but it can also be carried out in the message receiving device or in the monitoring center.
  • the container is provided with an atmosphere measuring device which detects the atmosphere in the interior of the container, and the measured values of the atmosphere measuring device are transmitted to the data processing unit of the container.
  • the atmospheric measuring device may be, for example, a temperature and / or humidity sensor whose measured values are transmitted to the data processing unit of the container.
  • the container is provided with an object detection means for registering the objects in the container and data are transmitted via the detected objects to the data processing unit.
  • an object detection means for example, an antenna may be provided, which is mounted circumferentially around the opening edge of the container. The objects are registered by reading RFID tags attached to the objects when the RFID tags are inserted when inserting the RFID tags
  • the container may further be provided with a volume detection device which detects the objects when all the objects are inserted in the container.
  • Object from the container is registered by the number of operations in which the unique identifiable RFID tag associated with the object is detected.
  • further data of the objects are preferably acquired.
  • the number and / or further data of the registered objects are in a particularly preferred embodiment of the
  • the Invention transmitted from the data processing unit to the communication module, which transmits the information to a message receiving device.
  • the message receiving device may, for example, be located in the area of the recipient of the objects or in the area of a monitoring center.
  • this information can be read out and further processed.
  • a further development of the invention comprises, in addition to a method for monitoring a container, a container with means for monitoring according to the invention.
  • the means for monitoring are, in particular, sensors which are suitable for detecting at least one state quantity acting in the interior of the container.
  • the container further comprises, in one embodiment, a data processing unit and location means for determining the position of the container in association with the container.
  • containers that are equipped to interact with a data processing unit located outside the container.
  • At least one transponder as a communication means that he transmitted by at least one sensor measured values and / or obtained from the measured state information to a data processing system.
  • Such an embodiment has the advantage that computing operations take place at least partially outside the containers. This makes it possible to use within the container no or only small storage means. In particular, it is advantageous to dimension the storage means so that they store identification information and / or information about the presence of an event requiring evaluation.
  • the container has a communication module in connection with the data processing unit and an atmosphere measuring device such as a temperature and / or humidity sensor.
  • the container further comprises a protective sheath. Also advantageous is the design of the container with an object detection means for registering at least the number of objects introduced into the container.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that the condition of a container during the transport of objects can be comprehensively monitored.
  • Techniques for measuring and monitoring the physical nature of a container material and / or environmental conditions may be used in conjunction with locating means to associate an event or condition on the container with a position of the container. This allows for the exact definition of the location and thus, for example, a jurisdiction in which an event has occurred.
  • locators are used with different precision, they can be used depending on the required accuracy range. Particularly advantageous is the use of a communication module which can send recorded data continuously or in the event of an alarm to a monitoring component.
  • an object detection means is advantageous, which allows the registration of all objects in the container.
  • This information can in turn be assigned a position of the respective container and the communication module is used to send the data to various message receiving devices. It can thus be recorded that the objects intended for transport have been inserted in the container and that possible theft may only occur during the transport.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a particularly preferred embodiment of the container according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a container with protective cover.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a container with means for registering the objects
  • FIG. 5 shows an integration of that shown in FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 shows a manual detection of data of a transponder 600, which is located on a container 601, by a reading device 602;
  • FIG. 7a shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor 701 is designed as a sensor surface and is located between objects 702, 703, 704 and 705 in an interior of a container 706;
  • Fig. 7b shows an embodiment of a container, in which a
  • FIG. 8a shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container
  • FIG. 8b shows a further embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross section through a transport container according to the invention with a plurality of sensors and transponders
  • 10 is a perspective view of a container according to the invention
  • 11 shows a container according to the invention, in which a sensor is located in the region of the objects and is connected to a transponder arranged outside the interior of the container, and
  • Fig. 12 juxtaposed strips to illustrate useful differences in length between different sensor-transponder combinations.
  • the invention includes various connections between sensors and transponders by connecting means V.
  • the connecting means V can be designed in many ways. For example, these are elements for forwarding signals.
  • the connection means are equipped so that they also allow mechanical contact between transponders and sensors.
  • the connecting means are bendable.
  • the connecting means can be better introduced by the strip-shaped configuration in containers for a shipment of objects.
  • the connecting means V preferably has a length of 5 cm to 1 m, preferably between 10 cm and 80 cm.
  • the connecting means V effects a thermal insulation between the sensor S and the transponder T.
  • the connecting element consists at least partially of a thermally insulating material.
  • At least individual sensor transponder units are already integrated into the containers during a production process of the containers. This occurs, for example, in that blanks of a foldable material used to produce the carton are provided for producing a carton the sensor transponder units are connected. In this case, it is particularly advantageous first to make the connection with the sensor transponder units and then to fold the blanks into a shape desired for the design of the container.
  • At least one sensor of a sensor transponder unit into the container during a filling process of the container. This has the part that the sensor can be brought into contact with at least a part of the objects.
  • a temperature sensor When using a temperature sensor, it is particularly advantageous if it is at least partially in contact with at least one object. This ensures that the sensor has the same temperature as the object to be monitored.
  • the number of sensors and transponders is adapted to the requirements of the monitoring to be effected.
  • a first embodiment of the sensor transponder unit consists of a transponder T and a sensor S.
  • the arrangement of the sensors and the transponder is expediently in each case in accordance with the requirements (proximity to the objects to be monitored or to the likewise to be monitored external contact points).
  • the invention includes a variety of combinations of sensors and transponders.
  • Reading the data should be particularly fast and / or reliable.
  • transponders in a suitable geometry, for example in the form of a net, a ring or a mat.
  • the container 10 schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 for receiving and transporting objects may, for example, be a cuboid container having a bottom surface, four side walls and a lid arrangement.
  • the container may be made of different materials such as cardboard, wood, plastic, metal or combinations thereof. If a soft material such as cardboard is used, it may be expedient to provide the cardboard with a protective sheath 100 which completely encloses the container. This protective cover may for example also consist of plastic, wood or metal.
  • the protective sheath 100 comprises a wooden pallet floor 110 and side walls and a hard plastic lid.
  • the floor 110 is designed like conventional pallets and is fixedly or detachably connected to the side walls made of hard plastic.
  • the protective sheath 100 may be fixedly connected to the basic container 10, but it has proved to be advantageous to perform separable from this. As a result, it is possible to transport the basic container protected by the envelope on partial sections of a transport, while the container can be transported on other transport routes without additional protection being required. It can be transported or stored without a protective cover. Furthermore, the protective cover 100 is thereby reusable and can be used for a high number of transport operations, even if the basic container 10 is damaged and no longer usable.
  • all wall surfaces of the container 10 are provided with surfaces of electrically conductive material, which serves as a sensor for detecting changes in the physical condition of the object state.
  • the entire surface of the container may be coated with conductive material or only partial surfaces thereof.
  • the container surface is provided with a plurality of conductive ribbons which are printed in the form of electronic ink directly on the container material or on a polymer film coating.
  • Fig. 1 only the front side wall of the container with conductive bands 30 is shown for simplicity of illustration.
  • the conductive bands are arranged so that a physical change in the nature of the container material and thus damage to the container material causes a change in the electrical properties of the bands.
  • the conductive strips 30 are connected to a data processing unit 40 which is in communication with the container 10.
  • the data processing unit expediently has at least one voltage source, computing means for processing data and storage means.
  • the unit is preferably located directly on or in the container 10.
  • the individual components may be incorporated, for example, in the container material.
  • the conductive bands 30 of the container may be used in various ways as a sensor to monitor the nature of the container material.
  • the resistance of the tapes can be permanently measured, whereby a fluctuation of the resistance is regarded as damage to the container material. Since this provides the ability to manipulate the monitoring by bridging bands, it has been found useful to monitor an analog resistance value.
  • various cover arrangements can be provided. If it is only necessary to register the one-time opening of the lid in an area of application, this can be achieved, for example, by the conductive strips 30 also extending in the area of the container lid surfaces 11. As is known in the monitoring of envelopes of the prior art, it may be provided to form closure surfaces so that the conductive bands 30 have a low adhesion to the container material, while they have a strong adhesion to sealing materials such as adhesive strips.
  • the closure of a container lid 11 made of cardboard can be designed so that two or four lid surfaces are folded and interconnected. Such a lid with two visible lid surfaces is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the cover surfaces 11 are preferably connected to an adhesive strip, not shown, which is applied to areas of the surfaces to which the conductive tapes have a low adhesion.
  • the adhesive strips can not be removed to open the cover without the conductive strips underneath being detached and a resulting change in the electrical properties of the strips registered.
  • overlapping cover surfaces 11 are provided with capacitive connection surfaces 12, which extend, for example, along the edges of the cover surfaces, as shown in FIG.
  • connection surfaces When the lid is closed, two connecting surfaces lie on top of each other, so that a capacitive element having a relatively high capacitance is formed from the two connecting surfaces 12.
  • the connection surfaces are also in communication with the data processing unit 40 and the reduction of the capacity can thus be registered as the opening of the lid.
  • a cover arrangement with capacitive connection surfaces 12 has the advantage that no fixed closure by adhesive strips is required and, moreover, repeated opening and closing can be registered without the cover closure being destroyed in the process. Objects 20 can thus be removed from the container or supplemented in this case, if there is a power to do so while unauthorized operations are registered.
  • An essential part of the invention is that the container 10 is in communication with a locating means 50 for determining the position of the container.
  • the locating means 50 is preferably located directly on the container, but it may also be located on a means of transport, with which the container is transported.
  • the locating means may be located on an aircraft, truck or ship, with which the container is transported.
  • the locating means may be, for example, a direction-finding transmitter, a GSM module or a GPS module.
  • the direction finder is attached to the container or an associated means of transport and can be located from a remote station.
  • the information about the position of the container of the data processing unit 40 is not available, so that the direction finder is expediently supplemented by a further module such as a GPS (Global Position System) location.
  • GPS Global Position System
  • its current position can be transmitted to the associated satellite receiver so that the position of the container for the data processing unit 40 is available.
  • GSM module to which its position is transmitted by means of a cell location.
  • the use of a GSM module is also advantageous because it can be used simultaneously as a communication module for sending information.
  • the locating means mentioned by way of example can optionally be used vertically or in parallel. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, at least two of the locating means mentioned are used to determine the position of the container.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the position of the container due to the different locating techniques with a variable accuracy and, if necessary, can also be determined within closed spaces.
  • the direction finder can be used, while for the determination of a larger radius, the location of the GPS and / or GSM module is sufficient.
  • the container 10 further comprises an atmosphere meter 70 with which the atmospheric conditions inside or on the container can be measured.
  • the atmosphere measuring device is also connected to the data processing unit 40.
  • the measuring device may be, for example, a temperature or humidity sensor whose measured values are transmitted to the data processing unit 40.
  • the container further comprises a communication module 80 which is connected to the data processing unit 40.
  • the communication module 80 may be, for example, a PC interface for reading out data.
  • a GSM module with which messages in the GSM network can be sent and received.
  • the communication module is designed so that it can transmit data received from the data processing unit to a monitoring center 60 and / or alternative message receiving means 61.
  • the monitoring center can be a center of the transport and logistics company which transports the objects in the container.
  • Other message receiving means 61 may be located at the sender or recipient of the transported objects so that these stations may also receive messages from the container.
  • the described construction of the container 10 with various sensors, a locating means 50 and a communication module 80 enables monitoring of the container, whereby various parameters such as integrity, position and ambient conditions can be monitored. All available or selected parameters can be monitored.
  • the monitoring of the integrity of the container 10 is achieved by the sensor 30 in the form of conductive surfaces, wherein the measured electrical properties of the sensor means of the data processing unit 40 are transmitted. This makes it possible to monitor whether a container is cut open during transport, for example by sharp objects, so that objects can be removed without authorization.
  • the locating means 50 may be expedient to monitor a planned route of the container and to continuously determine the current position of the container by the locating means 50.
  • a planned route of the container and to continuously determine the current position of the container by the locating means 50.
  • the determination of the position may in particular serve to assign an alarm to a position of the container at which an irregularity has occurred.
  • the monitoring of certain values for the temperature and / or humidity within the container is achieved by the corresponding sensor 30, whose values are also transmitted to the data processing unit. For example, it is possible to monitor whether the required atmospheric conditions are met when transporting food or medicines. Methods of monitoring the container 10 may provide for various types of alarms and responses thereto. It can be provided, for example, to store the data recorded on the container in the data processing unit 40 and / or to transmit it continuously via the communication module 80 to a monitoring center 60 or alternative message receiving means 61. In the case of pure storage, the data can be read out and processed, for example, at the destination of the container via an interface. This can be done by the connection of the communication module 80 to a receiving device, wherein the connection can be made via a direct contact or a remote transmission. For remote transmission suitable as communication means, for example, RFID chips in the container whose stored data can be read.
  • the evaluation of the deviations of the measured values from desired values can also be carried out in the data processing unit 40 itself or in a separate evaluation unit.
  • the data is read out, for example, at the destination and evaluated whether deviations from target states have occurred. This may be useful if the particular application merely requires a determination as to whether a container has been correctly transported and where appropriate a damage has occurred.
  • the communication module 80 transmits data of the container to the monitoring center 60 already during the transport. It may be expedient that the data processing unit does not send a continuous data stream, but performs an assessment of the measured state information and triggers an alarm in case of deviations from setpoints. Only when an alarm is triggered is the central monitoring unit 60 or alternative message reception means 61 receiving information about the condition of the container. This notification preferably includes the type of deviation from a target value and the associated position at which the deviation occurred. For example, if an alarm is triggered regarding the integrity of the container, it is assigned the current position of the container and it can be checked on-site if the container has been damaged in the course of a theft.
  • the container according to the invention also allows further methods for checking the authorized opening. For example, it may be programmed in the data processing unit 40 that the container may only be opened at a certain location. When the container is opened, the position of the container currently detected by the locating means 50 is thus compared with the stored location of the authorized opening. If the positions match, the aperture is registered as correct. If the comparison shows that the positions deviate from each other, this is considered an unauthorized opening of the container. In this case, different tolerances for the deviation from a position can be programmed, wherein it is again advantageous to use different locating means with different accuracies. For example, a direction finder may be used if the position at the opening is to be approximately Im. This is the case, for example, when a container within a building may only be opened in certain rooms. If a larger area is permitted for the opening, locating with lower accuracy such as GSM or GPS modules.
  • the authorized opening of a container requires an access code or an activation of the container.
  • the access code can be entered directly by a user into the data processing unit.
  • an access control can be achieved particularly advantageously in that the data processing unit 40 requests an activation of the container via the communication module 80, for example at the monitoring center 60 or in alternative components. If certain conditions are fulfilled, the monitoring center transmits, for example, an access code to the data processing unit 40 and the container can be opened without being considered unauthorized access. In this way, it can also be realized that the transmission of an access code of several components or users is required to authorize an opening of the container without triggering an alarm.
  • the container is provided with an object detection means 90 for registering the objects in the container 10.
  • an object detection means 90 for registering the objects in the container 10.
  • Such an arrangement with an antenna which is mounted circumferentially around the opening edge of the container 10 is shown schematically in FIG. To simplify the illustration, the lid surfaces of the container are not shown.
  • the objects 20 are preferably provided with an RFID tag 21, which during the
  • RFID tags offer the advantage that they are already attached to different objects for identification purposes and that, if appropriate, further data can be read out.
  • the data processing unit Upon detection of the objects, at least the number of articles placed in the container is registered, and the data processing unit further provides computing means which register when an article is removed from the container. This can be achieved, for example, by storing the number of processes in which the uniquely identifiable RFID tag belonging to an article was detected. If the number of acquisition operations is an even number, the item is registered as no longer in the container. If the number of operations is an odd number, the item is registered as being in the container.
  • a bulk detection of the RFID tags 21 of all objects in the container can be provided when the filling process is completed.
  • the Pulkerfas- solution can be triggered, for example, after the filling process by a staff member.
  • an edge antenna can additionally be provided which registers the removal of an RFID tag already registered by the pulse detector.
  • the detection of the objects 20 by the object detection means 90 can further read out further data from the associated Provide RFID tag 21.
  • This may include, for example, information such as the sender or receiver of the item, information about required atmospheric conditions during transport, a predetermined transport route or data for identifying the item.
  • These data are also stored in the data processing unit 40 and optionally processed. For example, nominal values for monitoring the container can be generated on the basis of the data.
  • the container according to the invention with a locating means 50 makes it possible to associate the position of the container with the detected objects 20.
  • the communication module 80 further allows the transmission of a corresponding message to a message receiving means 61 and / or a monitoring center 60 that objects have been introduced into a container. If the communication module is a GSM module, it can send a text message to the monitoring center 60 or a corresponding receiving means 61. As a result, for example, the sender can receive a confirmation that the correct number and type of objects has been placed in a container at a shipping location.
  • FIGS. 4 to 12 show a cooling chain designed according to the invention.
  • the illustrated logistics chain enables a transport of objects to be kept refrigerated over arbitrarily long distances, for example also transcontinental.
  • Examples of other parameters that may need to be monitored and observed are humidity and / or shock.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to calculate an expected duration of use of the objects.
  • sensor RFID units are used according to the invention, which monitor a temperature distribution and determine a total effect on the objects.
  • Overall action here preferably means a weighting of temperature excesses and times in which the temperature exceeded.
  • a calculation of the total effect on the object or objects is possible in one embodiment by a computing unit in the containers.
  • FIG. 5 shows an integration of the transport process shown in FIG. 4 into a monitoring system (Shipmint Control & Management - SCM).
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show that a measurement of the measured values and a transmission of status information (measured values or values derived therefrom) takes place in different processing steps of a transport chain.
  • a first measurement of properties of the physical objects - for example a temperature measurement - takes place in a method step 1 when the containers are taken over from a dispatch warehouse (dispatch location) 401 - if necessary when loading into a van 402.
  • step 2- for example, during a transport of the shipment from the delivery warehouse 401 to a warehouse 403, for example a cargo terminal of an airport, at least one further measurement and / or capture of other shipping-relevant data takes place, for example, for customs clearance relevant Information.
  • a further measurement and / or a collection of further shipping-relevant information takes place, for example via a previous delivery period.
  • a method step 4 information is transmitted from the containers to the reading unit and / or from the reading unit to an evaluation unit.
  • Such a process may, for example, during a
  • Transport the container - for example, in an airplane - done.
  • a transmission during a takeoff phase of an aircraft 404 is shown.
  • a further temperature measurement and / or a transmission of an expected arrival time takes place at a destination airport.
  • the containers are transported to another warehouse 406, for example a cargo terminal.
  • a recording of the previously determined shortened service life and a registration of logistical information about a use of the object within the recalculated shelf life is performed.
  • a method step 7-for example at an intermediate storage facility 408 of an operator of the logistics system detect the determined temperature values and / or impairment factors or a temperature profile derived therefrom and transmit them to an evaluation unit.
  • the data obtained is transmitted to the intended recipient.
  • the recorded measured values are supplemented by a further measuring process.
  • the containers are constructed to include an outer box and an inner box, it being convenient to provide materials for preventing influences on the object or objects between the outer box and the inner box.
  • At least one cooling element into the container in addition to the object or objects.
  • Particularly reliable measured values are obtained by virtue of the fact that at least one of the sensors in the interior of the container is located in the region of the object or of the objects, preferably in contact with at least one object.
  • a determination of forecast values for the expected temperature - or the expected temperatures - with an unchanged transport of the container makes it possible to detect the danger of exceeding a critical temperature in advance.
  • exceeding the temperature is prevented by changing at least one transport parameter.
  • transport in a faster means of transport - for example a helicopter instead of a truck - can prevent the cold chain from being interrupted (exceeding a set temperature - in particular over a longer period than provided in product files).
  • a transport in cars with cooling or Tiefkühl can prevent the cold chain from being interrupted (exceeding a set temperature - in particular over a longer period than provided in product files).
  • the closure means can already be contained in the possibly folded container when they are delivered. They may, for example, be accommodated in the container together with a pre-printed address label and / or an instruction for use and expediently detachably fastened.
  • the address label can be filled filled in a possibly marked area.
  • the container may also contain instructions for the use of the box, advertising imprints, postage stamps or other imprints.
  • FIG. 6 shows a manual detection of data of a transponder 600, which is located on a container 601, by a reading device 602.
  • FIG. 7 a shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor 701 is designed as a sensor surface and is located between objects 702, 703, 704 and 705 in an interior of a container 706.
  • FIG. 7b shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor strip 801 is located between objects 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807 in an interior of a container 808.
  • Fig. 8a shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container
  • Fig. 8b shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container.
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross section through a transport container according to the invention with a plurality of sensors and transponders.
  • the cross section shows that the side walls 121, 122, 123 and 124 of the inner box are parallel to the side walls 111, 112, 113 and 114 of the outer box.
  • the walls of the inner and outer boxes are in this embodiment of cardboard of a certain thickness, as is commonly used for packaging.
  • the blank of the outer box can, for example, in one piece of four parallel side walls 111, 112, 113, and 114 and an adjacent tab 160 which is connected to the side wall 111.
  • the tab 160 may extend the full length of the containers, or it may be a plurality of smaller tabs distributed throughout the length of the containers.
  • the formation of the inner box can take place analogously via four side walls 121, 122, 123 and 124 and one or more tabs 170. Instead of the tabs 160 and 170, other types of connection can be used.
  • the attachment of the inner box on the side walls of the outer box can also be done in various ways. It has proved to be particularly expedient to have at least one edge 150 of the inner box at least one respective edge 150 for fastening. provided on the outer box. Preferably, the tabs are located at two opposite edges 50 of the inner box.
  • the formation of the tabs 250 can be done in several ways. It has proved to be particularly advantageous to punch out the tabs preferably U-shaped from the side walls of the inner box, so that they can be folded over a remaining fold line 180 in the direction of the arrow to the outer box. For each of the side walls of the outer walls, one or more connecting straps can be provided distributed over the length of the containers.
  • tabs and side walls together are expediently via bonds, but there are also other types of connection conceivable.
  • brackets or tabs that engage in corresponding recesses may be used.
  • FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a container according to the invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows a container according to the invention, in which a sensor is located in the region of the objects and is connected to a transponder arranged outside the interior of the container.
  • Fig. 12 shows juxtaposed strips to illustrate useful differences in length of the connecting means V of different sensor transponder elements.
  • RFID RFID
  • An RFID system comprises in a particularly preferred embodiment:
  • Transponder also called RFID Tag, Smart Tag, Smart Label or RFID Chip
  • Readers with associated antenna also called Reader
  • transponders with little or no storage space are particularly advantageous, it is also possible to use transponders that store data.
  • the data is preferably read without contact and without visual contact.
  • Transponders without data storage are preferred.
  • transponder and reader takes place by means of electromagnetic waves. At low frequencies, this happens inductively via a near field, at higher frequencies via an electromagnetic far field.
  • RFID tags can have rewriteable memory that can store information during their lifetime.
  • B Radio frequency, transmission rate, life, cost per unit, storage space, reading range and functionality.
  • the RFID communication works as follows:
  • the reader generates a high-frequency electromagnetic alternating field, which receives the antenna of the RFID tag.
  • induction current In the antenna coil, as soon as it comes in the vicinity of the electromagnetic field, induction current. This activates the microchip in the RFID tag.
  • the induced current also charges a capacitor in passive tags, which ensures a permanent power supply of the chip. This takes over a built-in battery with active tags.
  • the microchip Once the microchip is activated, it receives commands that the reader modulates into its magnetic field. By modulating an answer into the field sent by the reader, the tag sends its serial number or other data requested by the reader.
  • the tag itself does not send a field, but only changes the electromagnetic field of the reader.
  • the RF tags at 13.56 MHz differ from the UHF tags to 865-869 MHz (European frequencies):
  • HF tags use load modulation, which means they use short-circuiting energy from the alternating magnetic field. This can be detected by the reader. By bonding to the alternating magnetic field, this technique works exclusively in the near field.
  • the antennas of a Nahfeldtags therefore form a coil.
  • UHF tags use the electromagnetic far field to transmit the answer. This embodiment of the method method is called backscattering.
  • the electromagnetic wave is either absorbed or reflected with the largest possible return cross section.
  • the antennas are mostly dipoles, the chip sits in the middle of the RFID tag.
  • tags For example 10, free channels with an output of two are available in the UHF range. For example, 2 watts available, above a channel and below 3 channels, which can only be operated at a lower power. All channels extend over a width of 200 kHz.
  • the tag response is performed by modulating the response signal at 200 kHz onto the CW, thus creating a sideband 200 kHz above and below this CW, so it lies exactly in an adjacent channel.
  • the antenna and the housing Decisive for the size of the transponder are the antenna and the housing.
  • the shape and size of the antenna depends on the frequency or wavelength.
  • transponders in different designs, sizes and protection classes are offered.
  • RFID tags may well be the size of books (eg in container logistics). However, it is advantageous to make very small RFID tags that easy to integrate into the containers.
  • the range of passive transponders depends not only on the frequency but also significantly on the coil size.
  • Small batteryless RFID tags do not have their own power supply and must gain their supply voltage by induction from the radio signals of the reading units. While this reduces the cost and weight of the chips, it also reduces the range. This type of RFID tags is used for. For example, for product authentication and / or for tracking and tracing used, since the cost per unit here are crucial. Self-powered RFID tags achieve a much wider range and greater functionality, but are more complex to manufacture.
  • Coded information is introduced into the transponders as control instruments for the parcel logistics.
  • the transponders may contain a consecutive numbering - if necessary with checking numbers -, other numbering as well as address information or other information which classifies the consignment or serves, for example, for advertising purposes.
  • RFID identification systems "smart transponders" - make it possible to optimize logistics processes. They are thus a suitable means of influencing - including controlling flexible distribution systems for the route-optimized provision of the mailpieces.
  • the RFID microchip For operation, in particular for signal modulation, the RFID microchip must be supplied with energy.
  • RFID tags There are two types of RFID tags:
  • Passive RFID tags draw their energy to power the microchip from the received radio waves. With the antenna as coil, a capacitor is charged by induction, which supplies the day with energy. The range is here a few millimeters to a few centimeters.
  • Active RFID tags receive the power to power the microchip from a built-in battery. Usually, they are idle or do not send out information to increase the life of the energy source. Only when a special activation signal is received does the transmitter become active. This allows a much higher range, which can be up to about 100 meters.
  • High frequencies 3-30 MHz. Short to medium range, medium transmission speed, medium to low price range. In this frequency range, the so-called smart tags (usually 13.56 MHz) work.
  • RFID tags send their information in plain language, but some models also have the ability to encrypt their data.
  • Data record of the transponder is attached at the time of chip production (serial number). This is particularly preferred for identification delivery and requires less manufacturing effort and lower energy consumption.
  • FRAM magnetic random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • Passive transponder - power supply is taken from the (electrical / magnetic) field
  • RFID tags that have at least one sensor input.
  • an RFID tag having one or more sensor inputs, each modifying a label data word bit stream read by a label request 1 detection device, is modified.
  • An RFID tag may include a sensor input capable of receiving variable signals from one or more sensors, an analog variable, or a digital variable.
  • the amplitude of the RFID tag modulates the DS-RF carrier of the RF generator with its data word bitstream by charging and discharging the resonant circuit or antenna of the RFID tag in accordance with the binary values of that data word bitstream.
  • the data word bitstream is a series of on-off pulses representing, for example, a serial data word synchronization header and the RFID tag number.
  • Parity bits or a checksum value may also be included in the data word bitstream. These series of on-off pulses are detected by a tag reader (interrogator) which detects amplitude variations of its DS-RF signal. These amplitude variations are caused by the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled RFID tag which charges and discharges the resonant circuit or antenna of the tag reader or interrogator.
  • an RFID tag has a digital input for detecting a change in the voltage, the current or the resistance of a sensor connected to the digital input.
  • the sensor state of the digital input can determine if the bit values of the data word bit stream can be inverted.
  • the difference between the two word word bitstreams results in the change in the sensor (open or closed), representing a reading.
  • a voltage or current supply of the sensor may originate from an external source or from the RFID tag itself, which then supplies a portion of the current from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader.
  • the sensor may be, for example, an electromechanical switch, a transistor, a Hall effect element, a phototransistor.
  • Another embodiment of the RFID tag has an analog input for detecting an analog sensor signal represented by a variable voltage, current or resistance value.
  • the analog input can be converted by a voltage comparator into an on-off high-low representation.
  • Voltage or current for powering one or more analog sensors may be sourced from an external source or from the RFID tag that utilizes a portion of the energy from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader.
  • the analog sensor (s) may be an RTD, a thermocouple, a piezoelectric pressure transducer, and the like.
  • the value recorded may be, for example, pressure, temperature, acceleration, vibration, moisture content, gas fraction, density, flow rate, sound intensity, radiation, magnetic flux, pH, etc.
  • Voltage or current for powering one or more sensors may be sourced from an external source or from the RFID tag which then supplies a portion of the current from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader.
  • the RFID tag may be made of a single semiconductor IC chip, or may consist of multiple semiconductor dies in a single IC package. It is also considered and within the scope of the invention that multi-module RFID tags with a plurality of discrete electronic components are integrated into the embodiments discussed above, including, for example, microcontrollers, memories, digital logic circuits, analog circuits and discrete and / or monolithic transducers or sensors.
  • a further development of the invention includes an RFID tag with a sensor input that causes logic circuitry in the RFID tag to modify data content.
  • the RFID tag If the RFID tag is passive, it has no internal power storage and the power to its circuitry comes from a near-field or far-field continuous wave (DS-HF) radio frequency source.
  • DS-HF near-field or far-field continuous wave
  • the RFID tag When the RFID tag comes close to the DS-RF field, the RFID tag pulls by means of electromagnetic or RF coupling
  • the nearby RFID tag affects the amplitude of the DS-RF carrier.
  • the DS-RF generator has an interrogator that detects changes in the amplitude of the DS-RF carrier, and has an evaluation circuit that, over a period of time, looks for one or more patterns in these amplitude changes. If a recognizable pattern is detected, an RFID tag has been detected and the information in that recognizable pattern can be used.
  • the RFID tag can also provide the sensor with electrical power.
  • the RFID tag generates a data word bitstream that is read by an interrogator or tag reader.
  • This data word bit stream contains information that is influenced by a signal value of the sensor. When the signal value from the sensor changes, so does the information of the data word bit stream.
  • the sensor (s) may be digital or analog as described above.
  • the reading unit (interrogator or label reader) detects amplitude changes or frequency changes of an electromagnetic signal caused by the transponder (s) and converts them to the serial data word bit stream.
  • the invention thus provides a system in which RFID tags are used in a particularly advantageous manner so that they provide reliable information about a state and / or a location of at least one object.
  • Inventive RFID systems preferably transmit not only identification and position data but also temperature, humidity, shock absorption, biometry and other data. This data can be recorded and evaluated.
  • the RFID technology according to the invention makes it possible to map a global logistics chain in real time and to provide information about the current location, status, place of origin and destination as well as, if necessary, sensor data.
  • the treatment of sensitive objects can be detected promptly by sensors and tracked precisely in terms of position and time.
  • Supervised information includes: • Container identification (uniquely coded serial number) via passive RFID tag (linking to the content data only after authorization and decoding),
  • it is intended to capture only changes. Alternatively, it is possible to store a data history.
  • the invention enables the use of warning messages.
  • the warning messages can be used to change logistical processes, in particular the sorting, storage and / or transport of the objects, or to initiate a new logistical process, for example a new transport process.
  • a server to control the system.
  • a program that is preferably stored on a computer program product - for example, a suitable storage medium.
  • Data can be supplied via various communication channels, for example the data channels of the
  • the ability to access real-time information using RFID tags and integrate that information into the information architectures is the concept of sensor-based services.
  • the determined state information is compared with target data. This makes it possible to identify deviations and to determine at short notice to what extent there is a need for a change in the logistical processes. In particular, this makes it possible to inform an intended recipient or the sender of the object in a timely manner about the transport state.
  • Handling and / or means of transport are in this way capable of stationary, with the same level of information to achieve improved cooperation and to generate a suitable response based on the obtained sensor information.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un récipient pour transporter des objets comprenant les caractéristiques suivantes: le récipient contient une chambre intérieure destinée à recevoir au moins un objet; le récipient comprend au moins un détecteur pour détecter les données de mesure concernant l'objet; le récipient contient au moins un transpondeur; le transpondeur et le détecteur étant reliés ensemble. L'invention concerne un procédé pour produire le récipient ainsi que l'utilisation du récipient dans un système de logistique.
EP07856338A 2006-12-05 2007-12-03 Récipient utilisé pour envoyer des objets et procédé pour produire ledit récipient Withdrawn EP2121476A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006057644A DE102006057644A1 (de) 2006-12-05 2006-12-05 Behälter zum Versand von Objekten und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Behälter
PCT/EP2007/010483 WO2008067971A2 (fr) 2006-12-05 2007-12-03 Récipient utilisé pour envoyer des objets et procédé pour produire ledit récipient

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EP2121476A2 true EP2121476A2 (fr) 2009-11-25

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US (1) US20100012653A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2121476A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006057644A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008067971A2 (fr)

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WO2008067971A2 (fr) 2008-06-12
DE102006057644A1 (de) 2008-06-12
US20100012653A1 (en) 2010-01-21
WO2008067971A3 (fr) 2008-10-16

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